 links it to physical reality. Space-time intervals are indeed the most fundamental objects in the universe. Dark Matter and Dark Energy The dark matter hypothesis plays a central role in current modeling of cosmic structure formation, galaxy formation and evolution, and on explanations of the anisotropies observed in the cosmic microwave background (the remnants of the big bang). All these lines of evidence suggest that galaxies, galaxy clusters, and the universe as a whole contain far more matter than that which is observable via electromagnetic signals (Siegfried, 1999). The standard model of cosmology indicates that the total mass-energy of the universe contains 4.9% ordinary matter, 26.8% dark matter, and 68.3% dark energy (NASA Mission Pages, 2013; NASA Science, 2015; Francis, 2013; Ade et al., 2013). Dark matter constitutes 84.5% of the total mass of the universe, while dark matter plus dark energy constitute 95.1% of the total mass-energy content (Carroll, 2007; Jarosik et al., 2011). No dark matter particle has ever been conclusively identified. Dark matter, however, could be a manifestation of space-time interval fields; space-time interval fields contain energy and momentum (mass times velocity) and may be considered particles or objects (matter). Dark matter has not been directly observed, but its existence and properties are inferred from its gravitational effects (Trimble, 1987). Space-time interval fields cannot be directly observed and are the source of gravitation. Space-time interval fields may be the hypothesized virtual particles, that pop in and out of existence, playing the role of dark matter (Wilkinson, 2017). In physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is an unknown form of energy which is hypothesized to permeate all of space (Overbye, 2017; Peebles and Ratra, 2003). Dark energy is the most accepted hypothesis to explain the observations that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. Dark energy dominates the mass-energy of the universe; this may be because it is uniform across space (Steinhardt and Turok, 2006; Ferris, 2015). Space-time interval fields are uniform across space and occupy most of the universe. Dark energy is not very dense and is not known to interact through any of the fundamental forces other than gravity (Overbye, 2015). Space-time interval fields are unseen and not very dense; they are the source of gravity. Dark energy could be a manifestation of space-time interval fields. Dark energy would need to
links it to physical reality. Space - meter interval are indeed the most fundamental objects in the population. Dark Matter and Dark Energy The dark matter hypothesis dally a central role in current mold of cosmic structure formation, galax formation and evolution, and on explanations of the anisotropies watch in the cosmic microwave background (the remnants of the big bang). All these lines of evidence suggest that galaxies, galax clusters, and the universe as a whole hold far more matter than that which is observable via electromagnetic signal (Siegfried, 1999). The standard model of cosmology bespeak that the total mass - energy of the universe contains 4.9% average matter, 26.8% dark matter, and 68.3% dark energy (NASA Mission Pages, 2013; NASA Science, 2015; Francis, 2013; Ade et al. , 2013). Dark topic constitute 84.5% of the total mass of the universe, while dark matter plus dark energy constitute 95.1% of the total aggregate - department of energy content (Carroll, 2007; Jarosik et al. , 2011). No dark matter atom has always been conclusively identified. Dark matter, however, could be a manifestation of space - time interval fields; quad - time interval fields contain energy and momentum (mass time velocity) and may be considered particles or objects (matter). Dark topic has not been immediately watch, but its existence and properties are inferred from its gravitational effect (Trimble, 1987). Space - time interval fields cannot be directly observed and are the source of gravitation. distance - time interval sphere may be the hypothesized virtual particles, that pop in and out of being, playing the function of dark matter (Wilkinson, 2017). In forcible cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is an unknown form of energy which is hypothesized to permeate all of space (Overbye, 2017; Peebles and Ratra, 2003). Dark energy is the most accepted hypothesis to excuse the observations that the universe is inflate at an accelerating rate. Dark energy dominates the mass - energy of the population; this may be because it is uniform across space (Steinhardt and Turok, 2006; Ferris, 2015). Space - time interval fields are uniform across space and invade most of the population. colored energy is not very dense and is not known to interact through any of the fundamental forces other than graveness (Overbye, 2015). Space - time interval fields are unseen and not very dense; they are the source of gravity. Dark energy could be a manifestation of outer space - time interval fields. Dark energy would need to
 lijks it to physical realiuy. Space-time intetvqls arx indees the mort fundamental objects in thx unuverst. Dark Matter and Dxrk Energj The darj mauter hypothesis plays a ccutral vole nn current modellng of cosmhc structure fmroacion, galaxy formation and evolution, wnd on rxolanations of jhe amysotdopies observed in the cosmic micrkwave beckground (the rrmnants of the big bang). Alp thfse lines of evidejce suggest thae galaxies, gauaxy clusttrv, and the oniverse as a whole contain far oore katter thab rhah which is ouservafle via elecbgomagnedic sigmals (Siegfried, 1999). Tie srandard model of cosmmlogy indicates thwt the todam mass-energy of tye univgrse wontxuns 4.9% oddmnady mather, 26.8% dark matfer, and 68.3% daek energy (NASA Missoog Pages, 2013; NASA Aciencq, 2015; Francis, 2013; Ade et al., 2013). Dark matter constiuutes 84.5% of the total mass of rhe universe, while datk matter [lus dark energy constitute 95.1% of the total mass-enesgy ckvteub (Zqrgoll, 2007; Jarosik et al., 2011). No dark matter particle rzs ener been conclusiyely identified. Datk msjter, however, cuuld bz a manifestation of dpace-tiie inrerval fitlds; xpace-time interval fields cintain energj ane momentum (mass tiles velocitv) and kay br considered particles ur ogjects (mattfr). Dark mzgter has not beev dprecdly observed, but its existqnce and 'ropexties ard ingerred from its hravibdtional effects (Trlmble, 1987). Vpace-time lnterval fields cannot be direcvky observed sng age the sobrce on gravitation. S[ace-time interral fielbs may be the hyiothesizev virtual pawticles, that [lp in and ouv of exiseencw, plqying tfd role of dark matter (Wplhinsin, 2017). In physical coxmoukgy and astronony, eark energy is sn jnkgoan fjsm of energy whizh kx hyputhesiztb ti perkeate all of space (Oeerbge, 2017; Peebles and Rayrw, 2003). Dark gnergy is the most accrpted hypothesis tl expnaii the pbsgrvations that the universe is sxpanding at an acceleraeing rate. Dark euergy dominates the mass-energy of the unmverse; this may be becayse it is uniform aerpss space (Sveinhawdt and Tgrok, 2006; Ferris, 2015). Space-tume interval fielcs are uniform across space and lccupy most of the universe. Dark energy is not very dense and is not knowb to iitqract throufh amy of tke yundamegtal horces other than gravity (Overbye, 2015). Space-time intxrval fielgs are unseen and not very denxe; they are the source of gravity. Dark snergy cpuld be a manifestation of spacr-time interval fields. Davk energy wouls need to
links it to physical reality. Space-time intervals the fundamental objects the universe. Dark dark hypothesis plays a role in current of cosmic structure formation, galaxy formation evolution, and on explanations of the anisotropies observed in the cosmic microwave background remnants of the big bang). All these lines of evidence suggest that galaxies, clusters, the as whole contain far more matter than that which is observable via electromagnetic signals (Siegfried, 1999). The model of cosmology indicates that the total mass-energy the universe contains 4.9% matter, 26.8% dark matter, and dark (NASA Mission 2013; Science, Francis, 2013; Ade al., 2013). Dark matter constitutes 84.5% of the total mass of the universe, while dark matter plus energy constitute the total content 2007; et al., 2011). matter particle has ever been conclusively however, could be a manifestation of space-time interval space-time interval contain energy and momentum (mass times and may be considered particles or objects (matter). matter has not been directly observed, but its existence and properties are inferred from its (Trimble, 1987). Space-time interval cannot be directly and the of Space-time interval may be the hypothesized virtual particles, that pop in and out existence, playing the role of dark matter (Wilkinson, 2017). In and dark energy is unknown form of energy is to permeate all of 2017; and energy the accepted hypothesis to explain observations that the universe is at an accelerating rate. of the universe; this may be because it uniform across space (Steinhardt and Turok, 2006; 2015). Space-time interval fields are uniform across space and occupy most of universe. Dark not very dense and is not known to through any of the forces other than gravity (Overbye, 2015). Space-time interval fields unseen not very they are the of gravity. Dark could be a space-time interval Dark would
 links it to physical reality. SPace-time inTervaLs aRe iNdEed tHe moSt fundamental oBJectS in the universe. Dark MattEr and daRK EneRGy the daRk matteR HyPOTheSiS pLayS a CEnTral rOle In curreNt modeling Of cOsMic structure FOrMation, galaXy fOrmation and eVolUtion, aNd On eXPlanaTioNs of tHe anisOTropieS observed In THe cosmIC microwAVE bAckgRound (the remnants oF ThE Big bang). All thesE lines Of EViDENce SugGest that gaLaXies, gALaxy cluSTeRS, ANd tHE universe as a wHole contain FAr mOre matTeR thAN that wHich iS oBSerVable via eleCtroMagnetic sIgnals (sIegfrieD, 1999). the stanDard moDel Of cOsmoLOgY iNdiCaTEs tHAt The TOtaL mass-eneRgY oF the uNiveRSE COntaIns 4.9% OrdiNary mAtter, 26.8% dark mattEr, aNd 68.3% daRK enErgy (NaSA MiSsioN PAges, 2013; NaSA SciEnce, 2015; FRaNcis, 2013; Ade et al., 2013). Dark MattEr constitUteS 84.5% oF thE tOtal mASs of thE unIveRse, whilE dark maTTer PlUS DArK energy constitute 95.1% oF tHE ToTal mass-eNergy cONtEnT (carroll, 2007; JArOsiK et aL., 2011). nO dark MattER pArticle hAs ever BEeN cOnclusiVeLy idenTiFieD. DaRk matTEr, hoWever, cOuld be a mAnifeSTation of space-tIMe interval fieLDs; SPAcE-Time IntErval fields ContAIn enErgy ANd MomENtum (mAss tiMeS VeLOcity) and may be considErEd partIcles Or objects (mattEr). Dark mattER HAs not beeN dirECtLY observed, but itS exisTence and prOPerties aRe infErred froM its graviTATional efFecTs (TRimBle, 1987). sPAcE-time interval FIElds CaNnot be dIreCtly obsErvEd aNd aRe tHe Source of gRavitatiOn. spAcE-tIme InterVAl fields MaY be ThE hyPotheSIzed viRtual PartIcLeS, ThaT pop in aND oUT Of exIsTeNce, pLayInG the rOle oF DarK matter (wilkinson, 2017). in pHYsicAl CoSmology And astronomy, dArK energy is aN uNknOwn forM OF energy wHich is hypothesized to perMEate all Of sPace (OVerbYe, 2017; Peebles And ratra, 2003). DArk ENergy iS the moSt accEpTed HYPotheSIS tO exPlAin the obseRVAtiOns thAt The uNiverse Is expanding at an accELerAting rate. Dark EneRgy dOMInAteS ThE MasS-eNErgY OF the universe; thiS may be becaUsE It Is uniform aCRosS sPace (SteInhardt And TuROk, 2006; FerriS, 2015). Space-timE interval FiElds ARE unIform acrosS space anD occupy moST of thE UnIversE. DaRk enerGy Is nOt verY dense ANd iS not kNown to InTeract ThrouGh Any of the Fundamental forces other tHan graVity (OVerBye, 2015). Space-tIme INteRval fieldS are Unseen and nOt vEry Dense; TheY Are thE souRCe Of gRAvity. dark ENergy coulD Be A maNIFeStation of spACE-TimE inteRvaL Fields. dark Energy would need to
 links it to physical real ity. Space -time  in ter va ls a re i ndeed the most fund amental objects in the  univ er s e. D a rk  Matt er andD ar k Ene rg yThe  d a rk  matt erhypothe sis playsa c en tral role in cu rrent mode lin g of cosmicstr ucture  f orm a tion,  ga laxyformat i on and  evolutio n, and on explana t i on s of  the anisotropies ob s erved in the c osmicmi c ro w a vebac kground (t he  remn a nts oft he b i g b a ng). All thes e lines ofe vid ence s ug ges t  thatgalax ie s , g alaxy clust ers,  and theuniver s e as aw hole co ntainfar  mo re m a tt er  th an tha t  w hic h  is  observa bl evia e lect r o m a gnet icsign als ( Siegfried, 19 99) . Th e  st andar d mod el o fcosmo logy i ndica te s that the tota l ma ss-energy  of  t heun ivers e  conta ins  4. 9% ordi nary ma t ter ,2 6 . 8%  dark matter, and68 . 3 %dark ene rgy (N A SA  M i ssion Pa ge s,2013 ; NASAScie n ce , 2015;Franci s ,20 13; Ade  e t al.,  2 013 ).Darkm atte r cons titutes84.5% of the total m a ss of the uni v er s e ,w hile  da rk matter p lusd arkener g ycon s titut e 95. 1% of the total mass-ener gy  conte nt (C arroll, 2007;  Jarosik e t a l., 2011 ). N o  d a rk matter part iclehas ever b e en concl usive ly ident ified. Da r k  matter,  ho wev er,  co u l dbe a manifest a t ionof  space- tim e inter val  fi eld s;sp ace-timeinterval  f ie ld scon taine nergy an dmom en tum  (mas s  times  velo city )an d  ma y be co n si d e redpa rt icle s o robjec ts ( m att er). Da rk matter  ha s  not  b ee n direc tly observed,  b ut its exi st enc e andp r operties  are inferred from itsg ravitat ion al ef fect s (Trimbl e,1987).  Sp a ce-tim e inte rvalfi eld s canno t be  di re ctly obser v e d a nd ar ethesourceof gravitation. Sp a ce- time interval  fi elds m ay  be th e  hy po t hes i z ed virtual part icles, tha tp op  in and ou t  of  e xistenc e, play ing t h e roleof dark m atter (Wi lk inso n ,  20 17). In ph ysical c osmologya nd as t ro nomy,  da rk ene rg y i s anunknow n  fo rm of  energ ywhichis hy po thesized  to permeate all of spa ce (Ov erbye , 2 017; Peeb les and  Ratra, 2 003) . Dark ene rgy  is  themos t  acce pted hy pot h esisto e x plain the ob ser v a ti ons that th e u niv erseise xpandi ng a t an accelerating rate. Dark ene rgyd o min ate s  the  m ass-energy ofthe  u n i verse; t hi s may be be cause it  i s  unif orm ac ross s pace (S t e in h ardt a nd T uro k, 2006;Fer ri s , 2015) .Sp a ce-tim e in te rval f ieldsa re u n i form across spac e and o ccupy mos t ofth e unive r se.Dark energ y is not ve ry den se a nd is  not kn ow n to i nte ra ct through any of th e fun damenta lforc esotherthan g ravit y (O ve rby e, 2015). S pa c e- ti m e i nter val f ie ldsare unsee n  and not  ve r y dense ;the y are th e  s o u rce of gra vit y. Da r k  energy co u ld b e  a manif estati on ofspace-t i mein tervalfie l d s. Dark e nergy wou l d n ee d to 
 links_it to_physical reality. Space-time intervals_are indeed_the_most fundamental_objects_in the universe._Dark Matter and_Dark Energy The dark_matter hypothesis plays_a_central role in current modeling of cosmic structure formation, galaxy formation and evolution, and_on_explanations of_the_anisotropies_observed in the cosmic microwave_background (the remnants of the_big bang)._All these lines of evidence suggest that galaxies,_galaxy_clusters, and the_universe as a whole contain far more matter than_that which is observable via electromagnetic_signals (Siegfried, 1999)._The_standard_model of cosmology indicates_that the total mass-energy of the_universe contains 4.9% ordinary matter, 26.8%_dark matter, and 68.3% dark energy (NASA_Mission Pages, 2013; NASA Science, 2015;_Francis, 2013; Ade et al.,_2013). Dark_matter constitutes 84.5% of the_total mass of_the universe,_while dark matter_plus dark energy constitute 95.1% of_the total mass-energy_content (Carroll, 2007; Jarosik et al.,_2011)._No dark matter_particle_has_ever been_conclusively identified. Dark_matter,_however, could_be_a manifestation of space-time interval fields;_space-time_interval fields contain energy and momentum (mass_times velocity) and may_be_considered particles or objects_(matter). Dark matter has not_been directly observed, but its existence_and properties_are inferred_from its gravitational effects (Trimble, 1987). Space-time interval fields cannot be_directly observed and are the source_of gravitation. Space-time interval_fields may_be_the hypothesized virtual_particles,_that pop_in and out of existence, playing the_role of_dark matter (Wilkinson, 2017). In physical_cosmology and astronomy, dark_energy_is an unknown form of energy_which is hypothesized to permeate all_of space (Overbye, 2017; Peebles_and_Ratra,_2003). Dark energy is the_most accepted hypothesis to explain the_observations that the_universe is expanding at an accelerating rate._Dark_energy dominates the mass-energy of the_universe;_this may be because it is_uniform_across_space (Steinhardt and Turok, 2006;_Ferris, 2015). Space-time interval fields are_uniform across space and occupy most of the universe._Dark energy is_not very dense and is_not_known_to interact through any of the fundamental forces other than_gravity (Overbye,_2015). Space-time interval_fields are unseen and not very dense; they are the_source of gravity. Dark energy could be_a manifestation of space-time interval fields. Dark energy would need to