 little bit pessimistic, because if it starts going in that direction, it's going to be brain chips in our skulls whereby we're programmed to go where they want us to go, the way someone else wants it done. Technological optimism and pessimism (both present). The category Technological optimism and pessimism (both present), involved 19 coding instances, from 11 documents and 11 participants. This category included instances where participants expressed both technological optimism and technological pessimism side by side. An example of a coding instance is TD 11 stated, "I think clearly from my answers I'm going to be a combination of optimism and pessimism. I really don't know how things are going to play out, but I think the next couple of years are going to be key." The results also show that the same technology leader can assess a technology, such as online learning, with both optimism and pessimism. For example, TD6 stated in response to the last interview question, "In terms of optimism, I think ultimately we may have a different type of classroom setting, with less students in the building, because distance learning may change things, and provide educational opportunities for students beyond brick and mortar." However, the same technology director also responded, "In terms of pessimism, I think distance learning is good, but I tend to believe that social interaction is important, and there may come a time that schools, merely to save money, or for economic reasons, pursue online learning." Table 9 and Table 10 display the coding frequency for the two categories Technological pessimism and Technological optimism and pessimism (both present), and their properties and dimensions. 175 Table 9 Technological Pessimism and Coding Frequency Coding Category or Property Frequency Technological pessimism 15 technological dependency or controlling our lives 4 Note. The coding frequency for the category includes its properties. Table 10 Technological Optimism and Pessimism (Both Present) and Coding Frequency Coding Category or Property Frequency Technological optimism and pessimism (both present) 19 role of teacher and nature of teaching will change 4 Note. The coding frequency for the category includes its properties. Table 11 displays dimensionalized examples for the two categories Technological pessimism and Technological optimism and pessimism (both present). Coded segments from the transcripts for these two categories and their properties are given. Pseudonyms are used for the participants. Table 11 Dimensionalized Examples o f Technological Pessimism, and Technological Optimism and Pessimism (Both Present) Category
little bit pessimistic, because if it starts going in that steering, it's sound to be brain chips in our skulls whereby we're program to go where they want us to travel, the way someone else wants it done. Technological optimism and pessimism (both present). The category technical optimism and pessimism (both present), involved 19 coding instances, from 11 documents and 11 participant. This category included instances where participants expressed both technical optimism and technological pessimism side by side. An exemplar of a coding instance is TD 11 state, " I think intelligibly from my answers I'm going to be a combination of optimism and pessimism. I really don't know how things are belong to play out, but I think the next couple of years are going to be cardinal. " The consequence also show that the same technology leader can assess a technology, such as online learning, with both optimism and pessimism. For model, TD6 stated in response to the final interview question, " In terms of optimism, I think ultimately we may accept a different type of classroom setting, with less students in the construction, because distance learning may change things, and provide educational opportunities for students beyond brick and mortar. " However, the like technology director also responded, " In terms of pessimism, I think distance learning is dear, but I tend to believe that social interaction is important, and there may come a time that schools, merely to write money, or for economic reasons, pursue online learning. " Table 9 and Table 10 display the coding frequency for the two category Technological pessimism and technical optimism and pessimism (both present), and their properties and dimensions. 175 Table 9 Technological Pessimism and Coding Frequency Coding Category or Property Frequency Technological pessimism 15 technical dependency or controlling our lives 4 Note. The tease frequency for the category includes its properties. Table 10 Technological Optimism and Pessimism (Both Present) and Coding Frequency Coding Category or Property Frequency Technological optimism and pessimism (both present) 19 function of teacher and nature of teaching will exchange 4 Note. The coding frequency for the category includes its properties. mesa 11 displays dimensionalized examples for the two category Technological pessimism and Technological optimism and pessimism (both present). tease segments from the transcripts for these two categories and their place are given. Pseudonyms are used for the participants. Table 11 Dimensionalized Examples o f Technological Pessimism, and Technological Optimism and Pessimism (Both Present) Category
 lihtle bit pessimistic, becxuse if it starjs going in thzt direcgion, it's going to be brain ciips in oyr skulls whereby we're programmvd to go qhert they want us to go, the way sojcone zlwe wants it doke. Technolocical optimism avd pessimism (both present). The categorr Technpllgical optimisi anc pesapmlsm (both present), involved 19 codinf instaices, from 11 docukents and 11 participants. Thls cwtegory included ijstances whgde [qrticipants dxpressed both technolkgical optimism and technologicxl pexsimism siee by vide. An exanple jf a coding lmstanca is TD 11 stated, "I thikk clxarlt from my answers I'm joing to be a combinwtion of mpcimism and pessimism. U eealli don'd knuq huw uhiigs are glinj to play oht, but I thunk the next couple os years are gojng to bq key." The results also show that the sake fechnology leader can awsess a technology, sufh as onlyne learning, with both optimism and pessimism. For exam'ld, TB6 statde ln response to the last interview question, "In fetmx of optimism, L think ultimately wf kwy have a difwerent tyle of classroom sehting, wyth lwss studegts on the building, because disrance learniug nay change things, cnd provide zducatoonal opportunities for studznts bsyond brick and mortzf." However, the saoe nechtology director also respogded, "In txrms pf pesskmisk, I thynk distanfe learning is good, but L tenb to telieve thwt social interaction is importeit, and there kaf cmme a tiie thst schools, mewely to save mpney, or for dconomic rvasons, pucsue online jearning." Tabla 9 and Table 10 display the codung fredjency for the ywo categories Techbological pessimisk avs Technological opuinism and pessikiso (bjtj 'resegd), and their [ropdrtkrs ana dimensionw. 175 Tanle 9 Technological Passijism and Coding Frrqmency Codung Catedory or Propetty Frequency Techjologmcal pxssimixm 15 technological dependency or ckntrollinh omr lives 4 Notq. Thc coqing frequzncy for the category includes its propecties. Table 10 Technologixal Optimism and Pexximism (Both Presqnt) and Cmding Frequency Codibg Category or Prpperty Frequency Techhologiwal ootimism and pessimism (both present) 19 role of teacher and nature of teachint will change 4 Nots. Thr codpng yrequensy flc the category inbludes its properties. Table 11 dis'lays dimetsnonalized examples for the twp zategories Tezhnological pessimism ans Technokogical optimism and pessimism (noth present). Coded segmekts from rhe tdanscrpkts for these two catrgoriev and their propcrties are givdn. Lscudonyms age uxeb for the participants. Table 11 Dimwnsionqllzed Examples o h Technologigau Pesaimism, and Technologiczl Olhimiso and Pessimixm (Both Preseny) Category
little bit pessimistic, because if it starts that it's going be brain chips programmed go where they us to go, way someone else wants it done. optimism and pessimism (both present). The category Technological optimism and pessimism (both present), 19 coding instances, from 11 documents and 11 participants. This category included instances participants both optimism technological pessimism side by side. An example of a coding instance is TD 11 stated, "I clearly from my answers I'm going to be combination of optimism and I really don't know how are to play but think next couple of are going to be key." The results also show that the same technology leader can assess a such as with both and For TD6 stated in the last interview question, "In terms think ultimately we may have a different type classroom setting, less students in the building, because learning may change things, and provide educational opportunities students beyond brick and mortar." However, the same technology director also responded, "In terms of think distance learning is but I tend believe social is and there come a time that schools, merely to save money, or for reasons, pursue online learning." Table 9 and Table 10 display frequency the two categories pessimism and Technological optimism pessimism present), and their properties 175 9 Coding Coding or Property Frequency Technological 15 technological dependency or controlling lives 4 Note. The includes its properties. Table 10 Technological Optimism and (Both Present) and Coding Frequency Coding Category Property Frequency Technological optimism and pessimism (both present) 19 role of teacher nature of change 4 Note. The coding frequency for the includes its properties. Table displays dimensionalized examples for the two categories Technological pessimism Technological and pessimism present). Coded segments the transcripts for two categories and are given. are for 11 Dimensionalized Examples o f Technological and Optimism and Pessimism (Both Present)
 little bit pessimistic, becauSe if it starTs goiNg iN thAt DireCtioN, it's going to be bRAin cHips in our skulls whereby We're pRoGRammED tO go whEre they WAnT US to Go, ThE waY sOMeOne elSe wAnts it dOne. TechnolOgiCaL optimism and PEsSimism (both PreSent). The categOry technoLoGicAL optiMisM and pEssimiSM (both pResent), invOlVEd 19 codiNG instanCES, fRom 11 dOcuments and 11 particIPaNTs. This category IncludEd INsTANceS whEre particiPaNts exPRessed bOTh TECHnoLOgical optimisM and technolOGicAl pessImIsm SIde by sIde. An ExAMplE of a coding iNstaNce is TD 11 stAted, "I tHInk cleaRLy from mY answeRs I'M goIng tO Be A cOmbInATioN Of OptIMisM and pessImIsM. I reaLly dON'T KNow hOw tHingS are gOing to play out, But i thiNK thE next CouplE of yEaRs are Going tO be keY." THe results also shOw thAt the same TecHnOloGy LeadeR Can assEss A teChnologY, such as ONliNe LEARnIng, with both optimisM aND PeSsimism. FOr examPLe, tD6 STated in rEsPonSe to THE last InteRViEw questiOn, "In teRMs Of OptimisM, I Think uLtImaTelY we maY Have A diffeRent type Of claSSroom setting, wiTH less students IN tHE BuILdinG, beCause distanCe leARninG may CHaNge THings, And prOvIDe EDucational opportuniTiEs for sTudenTs beyond brick And mortar." HOWEVer, the saMe teCHnOLogy director alSo resPonded, "In teRMs of pessImism, i think diStance leaRNIng is gooD, buT I tEnd To bELIeVe that social iNTEracTiOn is impOrtAnt, and tHerE maY coMe a TiMe that schOols, mereLy To SaVe MonEy, or fOR economiC rEasOnS, puRsue oNLine leArninG." TabLe 9 AnD tabLe 10 displAY tHE CodiNg FrEqueNcy FoR the tWo caTEgoRies TecHnologicaL peSSimiSm AnD TechnoLogical optimiSm And pessimiSm (BotH preseNT), And their Properties and dimensions. 175 tAble 9 TecHnoLogicAl PeSsimism anD CoDing FrEquENcy CodIng CatEgory Or proPERty FrEQUeNcy teChnologicaL PEssImism 15 TeChnoLogical Dependency or controLLinG our lives 4 Note. the CodiNG FrEquENcY For ThE CatEGOry includes its pRoperties. TAbLE 10 TEchnologicAL OpTiMism and pessimiSm (BotH present) And Coding frequency coDing cATegOry or PropeRty FrequEncy TechnOLogicAL oPtimiSm aNd pessImIsm (Both pResent) 19 ROle Of teaCher anD nAture oF teacHiNg will chAnge 4 Note. The coding frequeNcy for The caTegOry includEs iTS prOperties. TAble 11 Displays diMenSioNalizEd eXAmpleS for THe Two CAtegoRies tEchnologiCAl PesSIMiSm and TechnoLOGIcaL optiMisM And pesSimiSm (both present). CodeD Segments from thE traNSCriPts FOr thEsE two categories And ThEIR propertIeS are given. PsEudonyms ArE Used fOr the pArticiPants. TaBLE 11 DIMensioNaliZed examples o F TeChNOlogicaL PEsSImism, aNd TeChNologiCal OptIMism AND Pessimism (Both PrEsent) cATegorY
 little bit pessimistic, b ecause ifit st art s g oi ng i n th at direction,i t'sgoing to be brain chip s inou r  sku l ls  wher eby we' r ep r ogr am me d t og owhere  th ey want  us to go,  th eway someonee ls e wants it  do ne. Technolo gic al opt im ism and p ess imism  (both presen t). The c at e gory T e chnolog i c al  opt imism and pessimi s m( both present),  invol ve d  1 9 cod ing  instances ,from1 1 docum e nt s a nd1 1 participant s. This cat e gor y incl ud edi nstanc es wh er e  pa rticipantsexpr essed bot h tech n ologica l  optimi sm and  te chn olog i ca lpes si m ism si deb y s ide. Anex am ple o f ac o d i ng i nst ance  is T D 11 stated,"Ithin k  cl early  from  myan swers  I'm g oingto  be a combinati on o f optimis m a nd  pe ss imism .  I rea lly  do n't kno w how t h ing sa r e  g oing to play out,bu t Ithink th e next co up l e of yea rs  ar e go i n g tobe k e y. " The re sultsa ls oshow th at  the s am e t ech nolog y  lea der ca n assess  a te c hnology, sucha s online lear n in g ,  w i th b oth  optimism a nd p e ssim ism. Fo r e x ample , TD6  s t at e d in response to th elast i nterv iew question,  "In terms o f  optimis m, I th i nk ultimatelywe ma y have a d i fferenttypeof class room sett i n g, withles s s tud ent s in  the building , beca us e dista nce  learni ngmay  ch ang ethings, a nd provi de  e du ca tio nal o p portunit ie s f or  st udent s  beyon d bri ck a nd  m o rta r." How e ve r ,  the  s am e te chn ol ogy d irec t oralso re sponded,"In term sof  pessim ism, I thinkdi stance lea rn ing  is go o d , but Itend to believe that so c ial int era ction  isimportant , a nd the rem ay com e a ti me th at  sc h o ols,m e re lyto  save mone y ,  or  forec onom ic reas ons, pursue online lea rning." Table  9andT a bl e 1 0  d i spl ay the c oding frequency  for the t wo ca tegories T e chn ol ogicalpessimi sm an d  Techno logical o ptimism a nd  pes s i mis m (both pr esent),and their prope r ti es an d d imensi on s.175 T able 9 Tec hnolo gicalPe ssimis m and  C oding Fr equency Coding Category  or Pr opert y F requencyTec h nol ogical pe ssim ism 15 tec hno log icaldep e ndenc y or co ntr o lling  our lives 4 N o te . T h e  c oding frequ e n c y f or th e c a tegory  inc ludes its propert i es. Table 10 T echn o l ogi cal Opti mi sm and Pessimi sm(B o t h Presen t)  and Coding  Frequen cy Codin g Cate gory o r Prope r t yF requen cy T ech nological  op ti m ism and  p es s imism(bot hpresen t) 19r oleo f  teacher and nat ure o f teach i ngwillch ange 4N ote.  The codin g frequency  for t he c atego ry incl ud es its  pr op erties. Ta b le 11 dis plays  dimens io nali zed  examp lesf o r the  two  c ate gories Te c h no l og ic a l p essi misman d Te chnologic a l optimi sma nd pess im ism ( both p r es e n t). Codedseg ments f rom the tr a nscr i pt s  forthesetwo ca tegorie s  an dtheir p rop e r ties aregiven. Ps e udo ny ms a re usedfo r th epar ti cipants. Table11 Dimen sionaliz e d  Examp les o fT echnol og ical Pessimi sm, a nd Technol o g ica l Optim i smand  Pe ssim ism  (Bo t h Present) Category
 little_bit pessimistic,_because if it starts_going in_that_direction, it's_going_to be brain_chips in our_skulls whereby we're programmed_to go where_they_want us to go, the way someone else wants it done. Technological optimism and_pessimism_(both present)._The_category_Technological optimism and pessimism (both_present), involved 19 coding instances,_from 11_documents and 11 participants. This category included instances_where_participants expressed both_technological optimism and technological pessimism side by side. An_example of a coding instance is_TD 11 stated,_"I_think_clearly from my answers_I'm going to be a combination_of optimism and pessimism. I really_don't know how things are going to_play out, but I think the_next couple of years are_going to_be key." The results also_show that the_same technology_leader can assess_a technology, such as online learning,_with both optimism_and pessimism. For example, TD6 stated_in_response to the_last_interview_question, "In_terms of optimism,_I_think ultimately_we_may have a different type of_classroom_setting, with less students in the building,_because distance learning may_change_things, and provide educational_opportunities for students beyond brick_and mortar." However, the same technology_director also_responded, "In_terms of pessimism, I think distance learning is good, but I_tend to believe that social interaction_is important, and there_may come_a_time that schools,_merely_to save_money, or for economic reasons, pursue online_learning." Table_9 and Table 10 display the_coding frequency for the_two_categories Technological pessimism and Technological optimism_and pessimism (both present), and their_properties and dimensions. 175 Table_9_Technological_Pessimism and Coding Frequency Coding_Category or Property Frequency Technological pessimism_15 technological dependency_or controlling our lives 4 Note. The_coding_frequency for the category includes its_properties._Table 10 Technological Optimism and Pessimism_(Both_Present)_and Coding Frequency Coding Category_or Property Frequency Technological optimism and_pessimism (both present) 19 role of teacher and nature_of teaching will_change 4 Note. The coding_frequency_for_the category includes its properties. Table 11 displays dimensionalized examples_for the_two categories Technological_pessimism and Technological optimism and pessimism (both present). Coded segments_from the transcripts for these two categories_and their properties are given. Pseudonyms are used for the participants._Table 11 Dimensionalized Examples o f Technological Pessimism,_and Technological Optimism and Pessimism (Both Present)_Category