 out nuances o f the interview previously missed. On rare occasions, listening to the recordings slowly, while pausing and rewinding, was even critical for capturing all of the richness of the responses. After completing the interview transcriptions, and receiving the written questionnaires back from the participants, the researcher saved the Microsoft Word 138 documents in Rich Text Format (RTF), and imported them into MAXQDA. A document set was created in MAXQDA for each participant, named using the pseudonym for that participant. The personal identifiers from each of the documents including the name, title, and school district were cut from the documents, so that they would not be referenced in any codes or exported reports, and were moved to hidden document memos within the database. Memos and diagrams. The process o f data collection and analysis emphasized the technique of writing memos, an integral part o f qualitative data analysis, to write about and think critically about the emerging data, and engage in an internal dialogue with it (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Grounded Theory Institute, 2009). Through writing memos, the researcher was able to engage with the data to ask questions of it, and integrate relevant material from the literature to support the theoretical integration (Grounded Theory Institute, 2009; Lempert, 2007). Memo writing is an essential component of the researcher engaging with the data, and allowing emerging patterns and concepts to be transformed into theory (Lempert, 2007). Figure 1 is an example of a code memo in which the researcher was engaging with a concept that was emerging as important for theory. 139 i2 Memo TUrn. technotegk*! optwmsm Author mwebster Typ* 3 Creation dote 12/20/701213<h4a PM I i \T nes New Roman _ * J i 2 * 2 / ^ i jS. Technological optimism is a pidosopfaicai and ideological pospedive ia which people embrace and vakie technological change, and mamtain a p o ster attitude toward technology, odofing it as a fa for soda! problems (Strobe! & Tfflbetg-Webb, 2009; Vcnnaas et a t, | 2011). Employing die Cofbin and Straosi (2008) paradigm, technological optimism shows itself to be inflomtial as a condtion of interaction and emotion, as technology leaders approach technology as a sohaion fc* edocaaon, and
out nuances o f the interview previously miss. On rare occasion, listening to the recordings slowly, while pause and rewinding, was even critical for capturing all of the richness of the reception. After complete the interview transcription, and receiving the written questionnaire back from the participants, the researcher saved the Microsoft Word 138 documents in Rich Text Format (RTF), and spell them into MAXQDA. A document set was created in MAXQDA for each participant, named use the pseudonym for that participant. The personal identifiers from each of the documents admit the name, title, and school district were cut from the documents, so that they would not be referenced in any code or exported reports, and were moved to hidden document memo within the database. Memos and diagrams. The process o f data collection and analysis stress the technique of writing memos, an integral part o f qualitative data analysis, to write about and think critically about the emerge data, and engage in an inner dialogue with it (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Grounded Theory Institute, 2009). Through writing memos, the researcher was able to absorb with the datum to ask questions of it, and integrate relevant fabric from the literature to support the theoretical integration (Grounded Theory Institute, 2009; Lempert, 2007). Memo writing is an essential component of the researcher engaging with the datum, and allowing emerging patterns and concepts to be transformed into theory (Lempert, 2007). Figure 1 is an model of a code memo in which the researcher was engaging with a concept that was emerging as important for hypothesis. 139 i2 Memo TUrn. technotegk *! optwmsm Author mwebster Typ * 3 Creation dote 12/20/701213 < h4a PM I i \T nes New Roman _ * J i 2 * 2 / ^ i jS. Technological optimism is a pidosopfaicai and ideological pospedive ia which people embrace and vakie technological change, and mamtain a p o ster position toward technology, odofing it as a fa for soda! problems (Strobe! & Tfflbetg - Webb, 2009; Vcnnaas et a t, | 2011). Employing die Cofbin and Straosi (2008) prototype, technological optimism read itself to be inflomtial as a condtion of interaction and emotion, as technology leadership approach engineering as a sohaion fc * edocaaon, and
 ouh nuances o f the intervlew previously mnwsed. Oi rare kccasionr, listening to the recordingd wlowlt, while pausing and redinding, wws even xritmcal for capturiif all on the vichnzsw of the respokses. After wompleting the ivtzrview transcriptions, and receiving ehe wriytfn questionnaites bssk fdom the participants, the researched saved the Microsofy Word 138 documents in Rich Hext Format (RTF), and imoorted them intj MAXQDA. A dozument set was created in MAXQDA for each participant, nameb using the pweufmnym for thet parnicipant. The ivrsonal identigiers from eacm of vhe eocuments including tie name, title, and scrool distsiet were cut from the eoxumenjs, so thag thdy sonld not bf rxferenced ih any codes or exported reportx, wbd were moved to hiqdqn document memos within the database. Mtmos znd diagrams. The procesw o f data collection and analrsis emphasized the technique of writing memos, an intejrxl kavb o w qkalitative data analysis, to write about and trjnl britically about bhe emerging data, snf rggage in an ivternal djalogue with it (Cogbin & Sjrauss, 2008; Groundeq Throry Institute, 2009). Through wriring memos, tke eesearcher was ablz to engage cith tne daya to ask questions of nt, and integrate gelevant jxterial from the lineradure to support the theoreeical intxgratnon (Grouvded Theorr Institutf, 2009; Lempert, 2007). Memo writing is au essantial comoonent of the researcher engagiij with the daja, dnd allowiny emerning patterns agd concepts to be trausformdd into thvory (Lempxrt, 2007). Figure 1 is an exampla of a code mxmo in whych rhe eesearcfdr was engaginb with a boucept thar was emerging as lmporjaht for theory. 139 n2 Nemo TUrn. technpteek*! jpnwmxm Duthor mwebsder Gyp* 3 Creagion douz 12/20/701213<h4c OM I i \T nes New Roman _ * J i 2 * 2 / ^ i jS. Technolpglcal optinism is w pidosopfaicsi and ideological pospxdive ma whivh keople embrace and vakie technomogical cjanne, and mamtaig a i o fter attitbde toward technology, odofing it as a fa for soda! problems (Strobe! & Tfflbetg-Weyb, 2009; Vcnnaas ev a t, | 2011). Employitg die Cofbin and Steaosi (2008) paradigm, ttchnological optimism sgows idself to be inflomtial as a condtion of interaction and emotion, as technology oeaders approach tschnplogy af a sohwion hc* edocaaon, and
out nuances o f the interview previously rare listening to recordings slowly, while critical capturing all of richness of the After completing the interview transcriptions, and the written questionnaires back from the participants, the researcher saved the Microsoft Word documents in Rich Text Format (RTF), and imported them into MAXQDA. A document was in for participant, named using the pseudonym for that participant. The personal identifiers from each of the documents the name, title, and school district were cut the documents, so that would not be referenced in codes exported reports, were to document memos within database. Memos and diagrams. The process o f data collection and analysis emphasized the technique of writing an integral f qualitative analysis, write and think critically emerging data, and engage in an it (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Grounded Theory Institute, Through writing the researcher was able to engage the data to ask questions of it, and relevant material from the literature to support the theoretical integration (Grounded Theory Institute, 2009; Lempert, writing is an essential of the researcher with data, allowing patterns and to be transformed into theory (Lempert, 2007). Figure 1 is an of a code memo in which the researcher was engaging concept was emerging as for theory. 139 i2 TUrn. optwmsm Author mwebster Typ* dote PM nes Roman * J i 2 2 / ^ i jS. optimism is a pidosopfaicai people embrace and vakie technological change, and mamtain p o ster attitude toward technology, odofing as a fa for soda! problems (Strobe! & Tfflbetg-Webb, 2009; Vcnnaas et t, | die Cofbin and Straosi (2008) paradigm, technological optimism itself to be inflomtial a condtion of interaction and emotion, as technology leaders technology a sohaion edocaaon, and
 out nuances o f the interview pReviously mIssed. on rAre OcCasiOns, lIstening to the rECordIngs slowly, while pausing And reWiNDing, WAs Even cRitical FOr CAPtuRiNg All Of THe RichnEss Of the reSponses. AftEr cOmPleting the inTErView transcRipTions, and receIviNg the wRiTteN QuestIonNaireS back fROm the pArticipanTs, THe reseARcher saVED tHe MiCrosoft Word 138 documeNTs IN Rich Text FormaT (RTF), anD iMPoRTEd tHem Into MAXQDA. a dOcumeNT set was CReATED in maXQDA for each pArticipant, nAMed Using tHe PseUDonym fOr thaT pARtiCipant. The peRsonAl identifIers frOM each of THe documEnts inCluDinG the NAmE, tItlE, aND scHOoL diSTriCt were cuT fRoM the dOcumENTS, So thAt tHey wOuld nOt be referenceD in Any cODes Or expOrted RepoRtS, and wEre movEd to hIdDen document memoS witHin the datAbaSe. memOs And diAGrams. THe pRocEss o f daTa colleCTioN aND ANaLysis emphasized the TeCHNiQue of wriTing meMOs, An INtegral pArT o f QualITAtive Data ANaLysis, to wRite abOUt AnD think cRiTicallY aBouT thE emerGIng dAta, and Engage in An intERnal dialogue wiTH it (Corbin & StraUSs, 2008; gROuNDed THeoRy Institute, 2009). throUGh wrItinG MeMos, THe resEarchEr WAs ABle to engage with the dAtA to ask QuestIons of it, and inTegrate relEVANt materiAl frOM tHE literature to sUpporT the theoreTIcal inteGratiOn (GroundEd Theory INSTitute, 2009; LeMpeRt, 2007). MEmo WriTINg Is an essential COMponEnT of the rEseArcher eNgaGinG wiTh tHe Data, and alLowing emErGiNg PaTteRns anD Concepts To Be tRaNsfOrmed INto theOry (LeMperT, 2007). FIgURe 1 iS an examPLe OF A codE mEmO in wHicH tHe resEarcHEr wAs engagIng with a cOncEPt thAt WaS emergiNg as important FoR theory. 139 i2 MeMo tUrN. technOTEgk*! optwmSm Author mwebster Typ* 3 CreaTIon dote 12/20/701213<H4a Pm I i \T nEs NeW Roman _ * J i 2 * 2 / ^ i JS. TEchnolOgiCAl optiMism is A pidoSoPfaICAi and IDEoLogIcAl pospedivE IA whIch peOpLe emBrace anD vakie technologicaL ChaNge, and mamtain A p o Ster ATTiTudE ToWArd TeCHnoLOGy, odofing it as a fA for soda! prObLEmS (Strobe! & TffLBetG-WEbb, 2009; VcnnAas et a t, | 2011). emploYIng die COfbin and STraosi (2008) parAdIgm, tECHnoLogical optImism shoWs itself tO Be infLOmTial aS a cOndtioN oF inTeracTion anD EmoTion, aS technOlOgy leaDers aPpRoach tecHnology as a sohaion fc* edocAaon, anD
 out nuances o f the inter view previ ously  mi sse d.  Onrare  occasions, li s teni ng to the recordings s lowly ,w hile pa using  and re w in d i ng,  w as  ev en cr itica l f or capt uring allofth e richness o f  t he respons es.  After compl eti ng the  i nte r viewtra nscri ptions ,  and r eceivingth e  writt e n quest i o nn aire s back from the p a rt i cipants, the r esearc he r  s a v edthe  Microsoft  W ord 1 3 8 docum e nt s i n R i ch Text Forma t (RTF), an d  im ported  t hem into M AXQDA .A  do cument setwascreated i n MAXQ D A for e a ch part icipan t,nam ed u s in gthe  p s eud o ny m f o r t hat part ic ip ant.Thep e r s onal  id enti fiers  from each of  th e do c ume nts i nclud ingth e nam e, tit le, a nd  school distric t we re cut fr omth e d oc ument s , so t hat  th ey woul d not b e  re fe r e n ce d in any codes orex p o rt ed repor ts, an d  w er e  moved t ohid dend o cumen t me m os  withinthe da t ab as e. Memo sand di ag ram s.The p r oces s o fdata col lecti o n and analysis emphasized th e  t e c hn i queofwriting mem os,a n in tegr a lpar t  o fquali ta t iv e  data analysis, towr ite ab out a nd think crit ically abo u t the emer ging da t a, and engagein an  internald ialoguewithit (Corb in & Stra u s s, 2008;  Gr oun ded  Th e o ry  Institute, 2 0 0 9).Th rough w rit ing mem os,  th e r ese ar cher wasable toen ga ge  w ith  thed ata to a sk  qu es tio ns of it, an d int egra te  r e lev ant mat e ri a l  fro mth e li ter at ure t o su p por t the t heoretica l i n tegr at io n (Grou nded Theory I ns titute, 20 09 ; L empert , 2007). M emo writing is an essen t ial com pon ent o f th e researc her  engag ing with t he dat a, an dall o w ing e m e rg ing  p atterns an d con cepts  t o be  transf ormed into theory( Lem pert, 2007).Fig ure1 is  an ex a mpl eo f a c ode memo in whi ch the res ea r ch er was eng a gin gwith aconcept  that was eme rging asimportant  f or t h e ory . 139 i2 M emo TUrn . technot e gk*!o pt wmsmAut hor mw eb ste r Typ * 3 Cr e ati on do te 12/ 20 /70121 3<h4a  P M I i \T  nes New Roman _ * J i2 * 2/ ^ i  jS . Technol ogi c aloptimismis a  pidosopfa ica i a nd id eol o gical  pos p ed ive ia wh ichp eople emb r ac e a n d  v akie techno l o g ica l cha nge ,  and m amta in a p o ster att i tude toward te chno l o gy,  od o fing  i t as a fa forsod a! p roblems(S trobe! & Tf flbetg-W eb b , 200 9; Vcn naas e t a t,| 20 1 1). Em ploy ing  die Cofb inan d  Straos i(2 0 08) pa radi gm , tech nologi c al o p t imism shows itse lf to b e inf l omt ial a sa condt i on o f interact ion and emo tion,as t echno logy le ad ers ap pro ac h technolo g y as a so haion  fc* ed oc aaon , a nd
 out_nuances o_f the interview previously_missed. On_rare_occasions, listening_to_the recordings slowly,_while pausing and_rewinding, was even critical_for capturing all_of_the richness of the responses. After completing the interview transcriptions, and receiving the written_questionnaires_back from_the_participants,_the researcher saved the Microsoft_Word 138 documents in Rich_Text Format_(RTF), and imported them into MAXQDA. A document_set_was created in_MAXQDA for each participant, named using the pseudonym for_that participant. The personal identifiers from_each of the_documents_including_the name, title, and_school district were cut from the_documents, so that they would not_be referenced in any codes or exported_reports, and were moved to hidden_document memos within the database._Memos and_diagrams. The process o f_data collection and_analysis emphasized_the technique of_writing memos, an integral part o_f qualitative data_analysis, to write about and think_critically_about the emerging_data,_and_engage in_an internal dialogue_with_it (Corbin_&_Strauss, 2008; Grounded Theory Institute, 2009)._Through_writing memos, the researcher was able to_engage with the data_to_ask questions of it,_and integrate relevant material from_the literature to support the theoretical_integration (Grounded_Theory Institute,_2009; Lempert, 2007). Memo writing is an essential component of the_researcher engaging with the data, and_allowing emerging patterns and_concepts to_be_transformed into theory_(Lempert,_2007). Figure_1 is an example of a code_memo in_which the researcher was engaging with_a concept that was_emerging_as important for theory. 139 i2_Memo TUrn. technotegk*! optwmsm Author mwebster_Typ* 3 Creation dote 12/20/701213<h4a_PM_I_i \T nes New Roman__ * J i 2 *_2 / ^_i jS. Technological optimism is a pidosopfaicai_and_ideological pospedive ia which people embrace_and_vakie technological change, and mamtain a_p_o_ster attitude toward technology, odofing_it as a fa for soda!_problems (Strobe! & Tfflbetg-Webb, 2009; Vcnnaas et a t,_| 2011). Employing_die Cofbin and Straosi (2008)_paradigm,_technological_optimism shows itself to be inflomtial as a condtion of_interaction and_emotion, as technology_leaders approach technology as a sohaion fc* edocaaon, and