 and then the audio files were transferred to a password protected computer. The researcher deleted the recordings after data analysis was complete. To obtain pertinent data for the study's research questions, the researcher used a series of open-ended interview questions with interviews conducted using a semi- structured protocol (Ayres; 2008; Harrell & Bradley, 2009; Lahman & Geist, 2008) that featured a broad opening question, followed by structured questions. The interview protocol (see Materials/Instruments section) began with a broad icebreaker question at the beginning to invite the subjects to speak openly about their philosophy of technology. Open-ended questions were used throughout the interview, because of their value for providing insight into what people are thinking, and how they view the world (Cozby, 2009), and to provide a richness of data that can explain the complexity of social phenomenon (Creswell, 2008). Written questionnaire. Triangulation of data was achieved by comparing data from the interviews with data obtained through a written questionnaire completed by the participants after they were interviewed. The written questionnaire, in the form of a Microsoft Word document, was delivered to participants via email. After they completed 137 the written questionnaire participants could simply attach the file and return it via email. Completed written questionnaires were received from all 31 participants. Qualitative data analysis software. In considering whether or not to utilize qualitative data analysis software, the researcher recognized that software does not really analyze qualitative data, but human beings do the analysis (Patton, 2002). The researcher must reflect on the data, write memos, and become engaged in the thoughtful and logical process of data analysis (Corbin & Strauss, 2008). Computers cannot intelligently formulate concepts (Holton, 2007; Patton, 2002). However, data analysis software can help to remove some of the drudgery from data analysis, and can be useful organizing, managing, searching, and coding data (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Patton, 2002). The researcher used the qualitative data analysis application MAXQDA, recommended by Corbin and Straus in their research guide, to import transcripts, write memos, code conceptual categories, properties, and dimensions from the data, conduct data analysis, and refine conceptual theory. Transcripts. Using the Microsoft Word interview protocol document, the researcher typed participant responses during the interviews, which expedited the transcription process. In some cases, all that became necessary after the interviews was correcting spelling or grammar errors. In some cases, listening to the audio recordings was beneficial for filling
and then the audio files were transferred to a password protected computer. The research worker edit the recordings after data psychoanalysis was complete. To prevail pertinent data for the cogitation's research questions, the research worker use a series of receptive - ended interview question with interview conducted using a semi- structured protocol (Ayres; 2008; Harrell & Bradley, 2009; Lahman & Geist, 2008) that featured a broad possibility question, followed by structured doubt. The interview protocol (see Materials / Instruments section) get down with a broad icebreaker question at the beginning to invite the subjects to speak openly about their doctrine of technology. Open - ended questions were used throughout the interview, because of their value for provide insight into what people are thinking, and how they view the world (Cozby, 2009), and to provide a richness of data that can explain the complexity of social phenomenon (Creswell, 2008). Written questionnaire. Triangulation of datum was achieve by comparing data from the interviews with datum prevail through a written questionnaire completed by the participants after they were interviewed. The written questionnaire, in the form of a Microsoft Word document, was deliver to participants via email. After they completed 137 the written questionnaire participants could simply impound the file and return it via email. Completed written questionnaire were received from all 31 player. Qualitative datum psychoanalysis software. In considering whether or not to utilize qualitative data analysis software, the researcher recognized that software does not really analyze qualitative data, but human being do the analysis (Patton, 2002). The researcher must reflect on the datum, write memos, and become engaged in the thoughtful and logical procedure of data psychoanalysis (Corbin & Strauss, 2008). Computers cannot intelligently formulate concepts (Holton, 2007; Patton, 2002). However, data psychoanalysis software can help to remove some of the drudgery from data psychoanalysis, and can be useful organizing, managing, searching, and coding data (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Patton, 2002). The researcher used the qualitative data analysis application MAXQDA, recommended by Corbin and Straus in their research usher, to import transcripts, publish memos, code conceptual categories, properties, and dimensions from the data, conduct datum analysis, and refine conceptual theory. Transcripts. Using the Microsoft Word interview protocol document, the researcher type participant response during the interviews, which expedited the transcription process. In some cases, all that became necessary after the interview was correcting spelling or grammar errors. In some cases, listen to the audio recording was beneficial for filling
 anf then the audio files wtre transferred to a pasvword lrotectea computer. The researcher depered tye recordings after daga analysps was conpleue. To obtain pertmhent dabc for bhe scuvy's research qugstions, the sesearcher useg x deries of open-ended interview questyons wiyh interviews cogducued usihg a semi- structured protocol (Ayrea; 2008; Harrtll & Bradley, 2009; Lahmsn & Geist, 2008) that featured a browd opening questioj, followed vy seeuctured quertions. The interview ptotocol (see Materials/Instruments sectnon) began wuty a troad icebrxaker zuestion at bne beghnning yo invite the xuboectw to speak openly abont their philosophy jf technonoyy. Open-ended questionw qere osed dhrojthojt uhe ihtervifw, uecause of fheir value for providing insibhe into what pekple awe thinking, and how they view the world (Cmzbg, 2009), and to provide a ricyness of data that caj explain the complexity of social phenomenon (Creswell, 2008). Wrhtten duewtlonnxurf. Triangulation of data was achieved by compawjnb cata from the lnterviews with daya onjained through a wricfeh questionnaire colpleted by tye particypanys after they were intervieqed. The writnen wuestionnaire, in tke form of a Mictosoft Word document, was delirered fo participwnts via soail. After they zomiletad 137 the written questionnayre partiripancs could simkly attwch the fipe and return it via emall. Colpneted writhen questionnaires were receivev from all 31 psrdicppants. Quclitatlve data analysys software. In considzring dhether or not to utilize quwlitative datd analysis sohtware, thq rewearxher rezugnized that spftware does not reqlly analyze qualibativg sata, but human ytints do the analyxis (Paetln, 2002). Eve researches murt frflecg on tht dctx, wrote memos, and become engzged in the thoughyfml and lotical prjcess of data analysis (Corbin & Dtrauvs, 2008). Compitets cannot intelligently formulafe concephs (Molton, 2007; Pattog, 2002). Hiwever, data cnalysis software can help to remove somx of the drudgery from eata analysis, and ccn be useful prganyzing, mandging, searching, and xoding data (Corbik & Strauss, 2008; Patton, 2002). Ths resedrcheg used the qualitative data analysis application MAXQDA, recommended by Coebin aid Straus in fheit resvareh yuide, tj im'oct transcripts, wrpte memos, code conceptual categocies, propestnes, and dimensions from the dstx, conduct datx analysis, and refine cohceptual theory. Transcripts. Using the Mocrosoft Word interview irotocol eocumsnt, thv rxsearcher typed partocipanc respinses dyrinn the intervieds, ehlch expedihed uhe cranscription process. In some casws, all tjat became necesvary after bht interniews wws correcting spsllihh or erammar errorx. In some casex, listening to the aldij recordings wqa beneficial for finling
and then the audio files were transferred password computer. The deleted the recordings To pertinent data for study's research questions, researcher used a series of open-ended questions with interviews conducted using a semi- structured protocol (Ayres; 2008; Harrell & 2009; Lahman & Geist, 2008) that featured a broad opening question, followed by questions. interview (see section) began with a broad icebreaker question at the beginning to invite the subjects to speak about their philosophy of technology. Open-ended questions were throughout the interview, because their value for providing insight what are thinking, how view world (Cozby, 2009), to provide a richness of data that can explain the complexity of social phenomenon (Creswell, 2008). Written Triangulation of achieved by data the with data obtained written questionnaire completed by the participants interviewed. The written questionnaire, in the form of Microsoft Word was delivered to participants via email. they completed 137 the written questionnaire participants could attach the file and return it via email. Completed written questionnaires were received from all Qualitative data analysis software. considering whether or to qualitative analysis the researcher that software does not really analyze qualitative data, but human beings the analysis (Patton, 2002). The researcher must reflect on the memos, become engaged in thoughtful and logical process data (Corbin & Strauss, 2008). intelligently concepts 2002). data software can help to some of the drudgery from analysis, and can be coding data (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Patton, 2002). researcher used the qualitative data analysis application recommended by Corbin and Straus in their research guide, to import transcripts, memos, code properties, and dimensions from the data, conduct data and refine conceptual theory. Using the Microsoft Word interview protocol document, the researcher participant during the which expedited the process. In some all that became the interviews correcting or some cases, listening to the audio was for filling
 and then the audio files were tRansferred To a paSswOrd PrOtecTed cOmputer. The reseARcheR deleted the recordings aFter dAtA AnalYSiS was cOmplete. tO oBTAin PeRtIneNt DAtA for tHe sTudy's reSearch quesTioNs, The researcheR UsEd a series oF opEn-ended interVieW questIoNs wITh intErvIews cOnductED using A semi- struCtURed proTOcol (AyrES; 2008; haRrelL & Bradley, 2009; Lahman & GeiST, 2008) tHAt featured a broAd openInG QuESTioN, foLlowed by stRuCtureD QuestioNS. THE INteRView protocol (sEe Materials/iNstRumentS sEctIOn) begaN with A bROad Icebreaker qUestIon at the bEginniNG to inviTE the subJects tO spEak OpenLY aBoUt tHeIR phILoSopHY of TechnoloGy. opEn-endEd quESTIOns wEre Used ThrouGhout the interVieW, becAUse Of theIr valUe foR pRovidIng insIght iNtO what people are tHinkIng, and how TheY vIew ThE worlD (cozby, 2009), aNd tO prOvide a rIchness OF daTa THAT cAn explain the compleXiTY Of Social phEnomenON (CReSWell, 2008). WritTeN quEstiONNaire. triaNGuLation of Data waS AcHiEved by cOmParing DaTa fRom The inTErviEws witH data obtAined THrough a written QUestionnaire cOMpLETeD By thE paRticipants aFter THey wEre iNTeRviEWed. ThE writTeN QuEStionnaire, in the form Of A MicroSoft WOrd document, waS delivered TO PArticipaNts vIA eMAil. After they coMpletEd 137 the writtEN questioNnairE particiPants coulD SImply attAch The FilE anD REtUrn it via email. cOMpleTeD writteN quEstionnAirEs wEre RecEiVed from alL 31 particiPaNtS. QUaLitAtive DAta analySiS soFtWarE. In coNSideriNg wheTher Or NoT To uTilize qUAlITAtivE dAtA anaLysIs SoftwAre, tHE reSearcheR recognizEd tHAt soFtWaRe does nOt really analyZe QualitativE dAta, But humAN Beings do The analysis (Patton, 2002). The resEArcher mUst RefleCt on The data, wrIte Memos, aNd bECome enGaged iN the tHoUghTFUl and LOGiCal PrOcess of datA ANalYsis (COrBin & STrauss, 2008). COmputers cannot inteLLigEntly formulatE coNcepTS (hoLtoN, 2007; paTTon, 2002). hoWEveR, DAta analysis softWare can helP tO ReMove some of THe dRuDgery frOm data aNalysIS, and can Be useful oRganizing, MaNagiNG, SeaRching, and cOding datA (Corbin & StRAuss, 2008; PATtOn, 2002). The ResEarcheR uSed The quAlitatIVe dAta anAlysis ApPlicatIon MAxQdA, recommEnded by Corbin and Straus iN their ReseaRch Guide, to imPorT TraNscripts, wRite Memos, code cOncEptUal caTegORies, pRopeRTiEs, aND dimeNsioNS from the dATa, ConDUCt Data analysiS, AND reFine cOncEPtual tHeorY. Transcripts. Using THe Microsoft WorD intERVieW prOTocoL dOcument, the reseArcHeR TYped partIcIpant responSes durinG tHE inteRviews, Which eXpediteD THe TRanscrIptiOn pRocess. In sOme CaSEs, all thAt BeCAme necEssaRy After tHe inteRViewS WAs correcting spelLing oR GRammaR ErrOrs. In SoMe cases, LIsteNing to the aUdio recordiNgs was BeneFiciaL for filLiNg
 and then the audio fileswere trans ferre d t o a  p assw ordprotected comp u ter.  The researcher delete d the  r e cord i ng s aft er data an a l ysi swa s c om p le te. T o o btain p ertinent d ata  f or the study ' sresearch q ues tions, the r ese archer  u sed a ser ies  of o pen-en d ed int erview qu es t ions w i th inte r v ie ws c onducted using as em i - structured p rotoco l( Ay r e s;200 8; Harrell  &  Brad l ey, 200 9 ;L a h man & Geist, 2008 ) that feat u red  a bro ad  op e ning q uesti on ,  fo llowed by s truc tured que stions .  The in t erviewprotoc ol(se e Ma t er ia ls/ In s tru m en tss ect ion) beg an  w ith a  bro a d i cebr eak er q uesti on at the beg inn ingt o i nvite  thesubj ec ts to  speak  open ly  about their ph ilos ophy of t ech no log y.  Open - endedque sti ons wer e usedt hro ug h o u tthe interview, bec au s e  o f theirvaluef or  p r ovidingin sig ht i n t o wha t pe o pl e are th inking ,  a nd  how th ey  viewth e w orl d (Co z by,2009),  and toprovi d e a richness o f  data that ca n  e x p la i n th e c omplexity o f so c ialphen o me non (Cres well,  2 0 08 ) . Written questionn ai re. Tr iangu lation of dat a was achi e v e d by com pari n gd ata from the i nterv iews withd ata obta inedthrougha written q uestionn air e c omp let e d  b y the partici p a ntsaf ter the y w ere int erv iew ed.  Th ewritten q uestionn ai re ,in  th e for m  of a Mi cr oso ft  Wo rd do c ument,  wasdeli ve re d  to  partic i pa n t s vi aem ail.  Af te r the y co m ple ted 137  the writ ten ques ti on naire p articipants c ou ld simplyat tac h thef i le and r eturn it via email. Com p leted w rit ten q uest ionnaires  we re rec eiv e d from  all 3 1 par ti cip a n ts. Q u a li tat iv e data ana l y sis  soft wa re.In cons idering whether or not  to utilize q ual itat i v edat a  a n aly si s  so f t ware, the resea rcher reco gn i ze d that sof t war edoes no t reall y ana l yze qua litativedata, but  h uman b ein gs do theanalysis  (Patton, 2002) .  T he re sea rchermu strefle ct ont hedata,  write  m emos,and b ec ome enga ged in the thoughtful a nd log icalpro cess of d ata ana lysis (Co rbin  & Strauss , 2 008 ). Co mpu t ers c anno t  i nte l ligen tlyf ormulatec on cep t s  ( Holton, 200 7 ; Pat ton,200 2 ). How ever , data analysis s o ftware can hel p to r emo ves omeof  the drudgeryfro md a ta analy si s, and canbe usefu lo rgani zing,managi ng, sea r c hi n g, and  cod ing  data (Co rbi n&  Straus s,  2 0 08; Pa tton ,2002).  The r e sear c h er used the qual itati v e  data ana lysis  a pplicat i on M AXQDA, rec ommended by  Corbi n an d Str aus inth eir re sea rc h guide, t o  import t ransc ripts,wr itemem os, co de c o n ceptu al c at ego ries, pro p e rt i es ,a nddime nsion sfrom  the data ,  conduct  da t a analy si s,a n d refi n ec o nceptual t heo ry. T r a nscripts.U sing th e  Micr osoftWord i ntervie w  pr ot ocol do cum e n t, the re searchert ype dpart icipantre spon se s d ur ing the intervi ews, whi ch exped i t ed the  tr a nscr i ptionpr ocess. In so me ca se s , all t h a t b ecame n e ces sar y a fter  th e in t erviews was correcting s pell ing o r  gr ammar  erro rs . In som e  cas es, list e ning to the a udio recordings was bene fic i al  f or fillin g
 and_then the_audio files were transferred_to a_password_protected computer._The_researcher deleted the_recordings after data_analysis was complete. To_obtain pertinent data_for_the study's research questions, the researcher used a series of open-ended interview questions with_interviews_conducted using_a_semi-_structured protocol (Ayres; 2008; Harrell_& Bradley, 2009; Lahman &_Geist, 2008)_that featured a broad opening question, followed by_structured_questions. The interview_protocol (see Materials/Instruments section) began with a broad icebreaker_question at the beginning to invite_the subjects to_speak_openly_about their philosophy of_technology. Open-ended questions were used throughout_the interview, because of their value_for providing insight into what people are_thinking, and how they view the_world (Cozby, 2009), and to_provide a_richness of data that can_explain the complexity_of social_phenomenon (Creswell, 2008)._Written questionnaire. Triangulation of data was_achieved by comparing_data from the interviews with data_obtained_through a written_questionnaire_completed_by the_participants after they_were_interviewed. The_written_questionnaire, in the form of a_Microsoft_Word document, was delivered to participants via_email. After they completed_137_the written questionnaire participants_could simply attach the file_and return it via email. Completed_written questionnaires_were received_from all 31 participants. Qualitative data analysis software. In considering whether_or not to utilize qualitative data_analysis software, the researcher_recognized that_software_does not really_analyze_qualitative data,_but human beings do the analysis (Patton,_2002). The_researcher must reflect on the data,_write memos, and become_engaged_in the thoughtful and logical process_of data analysis (Corbin & Strauss,_2008). Computers cannot intelligently formulate_concepts_(Holton,_2007; Patton, 2002). However, data_analysis software can help to remove_some of the_drudgery from data analysis, and can be_useful_organizing, managing, searching, and coding data_(Corbin_& Strauss, 2008; Patton, 2002). The_researcher_used_the qualitative data analysis application_MAXQDA, recommended by Corbin and Straus_in their research guide, to import transcripts, write memos,_code conceptual categories,_properties, and dimensions from the_data,_conduct_data analysis, and refine conceptual theory. Transcripts. Using the Microsoft_Word interview_protocol document, the_researcher typed participant responses during the interviews, which expedited the_transcription process. In some cases, all that_became necessary after the interviews was correcting spelling or grammar errors._In some cases, listening to the audio recordings_was beneficial for filling