ing a control over human society with technology considered in some way to be an autonomous force operating outside of social control (Feenberg, 2010; Hofmann, 2006; Leonardi, 2009). Technological imperative. The technological imperative involves rhetoric and underlying assumptions that technology has a controlling influence (Hofmann, 2006) that is inevitable and unstoppable (Chandler, 1995; Cukier et al., 2009; Leonardi, 2008) and creates an imperative to keep up with technological developments or be left behind (Strobel & Tillberg-Webb, 2009). Discourse characterized by the technological imperative and the inevitability of technology can be employed to persuade others, with the rhetoric creating an ideological orientation in a culture toward technological change (Cukier et al., 2009; Leonardi, 2008). Technological dystopianism (or Luddism). In valuing the results of technological change, this position is pessimistic and generally not open to technological innovation, and resists technological change (Kritt &Winegar, 2010; Strobel & Tillberg-Webb, 2009; Vermaas et al., 2011). Technological utopianism. Technological utopianism embraces the promise o f technology, and is an optimistic position that presents technological innovation as something for the better (Kritt &Winegar, 2010; Strobel & Tillberg-Webb, 2009; Vermaas et al., 2011). Theoretical sampling. Rather than being focused on approximating a representative sample of the population, theoretical sampling involves the researcher deciding what data 43 to collect next based on what analysis indicates, in order to develop the properties o f categories or shed light on emerging theory (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Charmaz & Henwood, 2008; Holton, 2007; Hood, 2007), until theoretical saturation is reached. Theoretical saturation. Theoretical saturation refers to the point in data analysis when no new properties or dimensions are emerging for the categories, meaning that each concept is theoretically saturated (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Glaser, 2007a; Holton, 2007: Hood, 2007). Theoretical sensitivity. Theoretical sensitivity concerns the researcher's ability to see relevant data through his or her theoretical insights in the area of research (Kelle, 2007), while being open to new and unexpected interpretations of data, and it depends upon the skills with which the researcher combines literature, data, and experience (Suddaby, 2006). Unintended consequences. This account o f technological determin
ing a control over human society with technology considered in some direction to be an autonomous power operating outside of social control (Feenberg, 2010; Hofmann, 2006; Leonardi, 2009). Technological imperative mood. The technological imperative involves grandiosity and underlying assumptions that engineering have a manipulate influence (Hofmann, 2006) that is inevitable and unstoppable (Chandler, 1995; Cukier et al. , 2009; Leonardi, 2008) and creates an imperative to keep up with technical developments or be left behind (Strobel & Tillberg - Webb, 2009). Discourse qualify by the technological imperative and the inevitability of engineering can be employed to persuade others, with the rhetoric create an ideological orientation in a culture toward technical change (Cukier et al. , 2009; Leonardi, 2008). technical dystopianism (or Luddism). In valuing the results of technological change, this position is pessimistic and generally not clear to technological innovation, and resists technological change (Kritt & Winegar, 2010; Strobel & Tillberg - Webb, 2009; Vermaas et al. , 2011). Technological utopianism. Technological utopianism embraces the promise o f technology, and is an optimistic position that presents technological innovation as something for the better (Kritt & Winegar, 2010; Strobel & Tillberg - Webb, 2009; Vermaas et al. , 2011). Theoretical sampling. preferably than being focused on approximating a representative sample distribution of the population, theoretical sample distribution involves the researcher deciding what data 43 to roll up next based on what analysis indicates, in order to modernize the properties o f categories or shed light on emerging theory (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Charmaz & Henwood, 2008; Holton, 2007; Hood, 2007), until theoretical impregnation is reached. Theoretical saturation. Theoretical saturation refers to the point in data analysis when no fresh properties or dimensions are emerging for the categories, meaning that each concept is theoretically saturate (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Glaser, 2007a; Holton, 2007: Hood, 2007). Theoretical sensitivity. Theoretical sensitivity concerns the researcher's ability to see relevant datum through his or her theoretical insights in the sphere of research (Kelle, 2007), while being open to new and unexpected interpretations of data, and it count upon the skills with which the researcher unite literature, data, and experience (Suddaby, 2006). Unintended consequence. This account oxygen f technological determin
ing a control over human sogiety with technology cmnsideded in sume way to be an autonomous horcw opeeating outside of socixl controp (Feenbeeg, 2010; Iofmann, 2006; Leonardm, 2009). Technologiczp im'ecative. The techkological ikperative invonvds rhetoric and underlying assumptionf that yefhnology has a conurojlinf influence (Hofmann, 2006) that is inevifable aid unstoppable (Vhandler, 1995; Cukier et al., 2009; Lelnarfi, 2008) and creates an imperative to hwep up with gechnologibcl developmgnts or be left behind (Strobel & Gillbzrg-Webb, 2009). Diwciurdg characterived by the technological ikperatife and the ineyitabmlitt of technology can bx employed to persuaqe others, wnth the rhetoric crearibg an idemlogkxal orjeitafion ij a culture tkward technilogical change (Cukoew et al., 2009; Leonaddi, 2008). Tqcrnological dystopianism (or Luddism). In vdlujng the results of techbological change, this position is pessimistic and generally not open to technolmgicam inuivatiub, wnd resists technological change (Kritt &Winegaw, 2010; Xtgobel & Tillberg-Wenb, 2009; Vermaas et al., 2011). Tfcngological utokianism. Tedhnological utopiajism emfracew the proiise o f technology, and is an optimistic pofution that presentd technologncal imnovayion as something for tke betfer (Kritt &Wlnegar, 2010; Sffobel & Tillberg-Wdbb, 2009; Eermaas tg al., 2011). Theoretical sampling. Ratker than beimg foctsed on aporoximating a representahive dakple of thf population, theoretical sampliij involves thg rasedrcher dzcidinn what data 43 to collect next yased on what analysis pndicates, in order tj develop the kroperties o h categoryes ir syed ligfg on emerging yheory (Cogbnn & Strauws, 2008; Charmaz & Henwopd, 2008; Golton, 2007; Hood, 2007), uuuil theoretical sayurxtijn ix waached. Theoraticxl rsturagion. Thtjrctizal xaturation refers to the point in data anakyfis when no new [roperties or dimensions are emtrging foc the vatggories, meaning that each concelt is thelrebically saturwted (Corbin & Strcuss, 2008; Glaser, 2007a; Holton, 2007: Hood, 2007). Theoretical sensitivity. Theotetical sensitivity cpkcerns the rxsearcrer's abilhty to see relevant eata through his pr her theoretical inaights in tje area of research (Kelle, 2007), while being open to new and unexpected interprwtatiois of data, ans it depetdf upon ehe dyills with which the researcher combines literavure, data, dnb experience (Suddaby, 2006). Unintencea consequencer. This account o f technklogical determin
ing a control over human society with in way to an autonomous force (Feenberg, Hofmann, 2006; Leonardi, Technological imperative. The imperative involves rhetoric and underlying assumptions technology has a controlling influence (Hofmann, 2006) that is inevitable and unstoppable (Chandler, Cukier et al., 2009; Leonardi, 2008) and creates an imperative to keep up technological or left (Strobel & Tillberg-Webb, 2009). Discourse characterized by the technological imperative and the inevitability of technology can employed to persuade others, with the rhetoric creating ideological orientation in a toward technological change (Cukier et 2009; 2008). Technological (or In the results of change, this position is pessimistic and generally not open to technological innovation, and resists technological change (Kritt 2010; Strobel 2009; Vermaas al., Technological Technological utopianism embraces o f technology, and is an presents technological innovation as something for the better &Winegar, 2010; & Tillberg-Webb, 2009; Vermaas et al., Theoretical sampling. Rather than being focused on approximating representative sample of the population, theoretical sampling involves the researcher deciding what data 43 to based on what analysis in order to the o categories shed light emerging theory (Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Charmaz & Henwood, 2008; Holton, Hood, 2007), until theoretical saturation is reached. Theoretical saturation. Theoretical to point in data when no new properties dimensions emerging for the categories, each is & 2008; 2007a; Holton, 2007: Hood, Theoretical sensitivity. Theoretical sensitivity concerns researcher's ability to see her theoretical insights in the area of research 2007), while being open to new and interpretations of data, and it depends upon the skills with which the combines literature, experience (Suddaby, 2006). Unintended consequences. This account o technological determin
ing a control over human socieTy with techNologY coNsiDeRed iN somE way to be an autoNOmouS force operating outside Of socIaL ContROl (feenbErg, 2010; HofmANn, 2006; lEOnaRdI, 2009). TEchNoLOgIcal iMpeRative. THe technoloGicAl Imperative inVOlVes rhetoriC anD underlying aSsuMptionS tHat TEchnoLogY has a ControLLing inFluence (HoFmANn, 2006) that IS inevitABLe And uNstoppable (ChandleR, 1995; cuKIer et al., 2009; LeonardI, 2008) and crEaTEs AN ImpEraTive to keep Up With tEChnologICaL DEVelOPments or be lefT behind (StroBEl & TIllberG-WEbb, 2009). dIscourSe chaRaCTerIzed by the teChnoLogical imPeratiVE and the INevitabIlity oF teChnOlogY CaN bE emPlOYed TO pErsUAde Others, wiTh ThE rhetOric CREATing An iDeolOgicaL orientation iN a cUltuRE toWard tEchnoLogiCaL chanGe (CukiEr et aL., 2009; LEonardi, 2008). TechnoloGicaL dystopiaNisM (oR LuDdIsm). In VAluing The ResUlts of tEchnoloGIcaL cHANGe, This position is pessImISTiC and geneRally nOT oPeN To technoLoGicAl inNOVatioN, and REsIsts techNologiCAl ChAnge (KriTt &winegaR, 2010; STroBel & tillbERg-WeBb, 2009; VermAas et al., 2011). TEchnoLOgical utopianiSM. TechnologicaL UtOPIaNIsm eMbrAces the promIse o F TechNoloGY, aNd iS An optImistIc POsITion that presents tecHnOlogicAl innOvation as someThing for thE BETter (KritT &WinEGaR, 2010; strobel & TillberG-Webb, 2009; vermaas et aL., 2011). theoretiCal saMpling. RaTher than bEINg focuseD on AppRoxImaTINg A representatiVE SampLe Of the poPulAtion, thEorEtiCal SamPlIng involvEs the resEaRcHeR dEciDing wHAt data 43 to CoLleCt NexT baseD On what AnalySis iNdIcATes, In order TO dEVElop ThE pRopeRtiEs O f catEgorIEs oR shed liGht on emerGinG TheoRy (coRbin & StrAuss, 2008; Charmaz & HeNwOod, 2008; Holton, 2007; HOoD, 2007), unTil theOREtical saTuration is reached. TheoreTIcal satUraTion. THeorEtical satUraTion reFerS To the pOint in Data aNaLysIS When nO NEw ProPeRties or dimENSioNs are EmErgiNg for thE categories, meaning THat Each concept is TheOretICAlLy sATuRAteD (CORbiN & sTrauss, 2008; Glaser, 2007a; HoLton, 2007: Hood, 2007). ThEoREtIcal sensitIVitY. THeoretiCal sensItiviTY concerNs the reseArcher's abIlIty tO SEe rElevant datA through His or her tHEoretICaL insiGhtS in the ArEa oF reseArch (KeLLe, 2007), wHile bEing opEn To new aNd uneXpEcted intErpretations of data, and it DependS upon The Skills witH whICh tHe researcHer cOmbines litEraTurE, data, And EXperiEnce (sUdDabY, 2006). unintEndeD ConsequenCEs. thiS ACcOunt o f technOLOGicAl detErmIN
ing a control over human s ociety wit h tec hno log ycons ider ed in some way to b e an autonomous forceopera ti n g ou t si de of  social co n t rol  ( Fe enb er g ,2010;  Ho fmann,2006; Leon ard i,  2009). Tech n ol ogical imp era tive. The te chn ologic al  im p erati veinvol ves rh e toricand under ly i ng ass u mptions t ha t te chnology has a co n tr o lling influenc e (Hof ma n n, 2 006 ) t hat is ine vi table and uns t op p a b le( Chandler, 199 5; Cukier e t  al ., 200 9;  Le o nardi,  2008 )a ndcreates animpe rative to  keepu p witht echnolo gicaldev elo pmen t sor  be  l e ftb eh ind (St robel &Ti ll berg- Webb , 2 0 09).  Di scou rse c haracterizedbythet ech nolog icalimpe ra tiveand th e ine vi tability of tec hnol ogy can b e e mp loy ed  to p e rsuade  ot her s, with  the rh e tor ic c r ea ting an ideologica lo r ie ntationin a c u lt ur e  towardte chn olog i c al ch ange (C ukier et  al.,2 00 9;  Leonar di , 2008 ).  Te chn ologi c al d ystopi anism (o r Lud d ism). In valui n g the results of t ec h nolo gic al change,this posi tion is  pe s simis tic a nd ge n erally not open tote chnolo gical  innovation,and resist s t echnolog ical ch a nge (Kritt &Wi negar , 2010; St r obel & T illbe rg-Webb,  2009; Ve r m aas et a l.,  20 11) . T e c hn ological utop i a nism .Technol ogi cal uto pia nis m e mbr ac es the pr omise ofte ch no log y, an d  is an o pt imi st icposit i on tha t pre sent ste c hno logical in n o vati on  a s so met hi ng fo r th e  be tter (K ritt &Win ega r , 20 10 ;Strobel  & Tillberg-W eb b, 2009; V er maa s et a l . , 2011).  Theoretical sampling.R ather t han  bein g fo cused onapp roxima tin g  a rep resent ative  s amp l e  of t h e  p opu la tion, theo r e tic al sa mp ling  involv es the researcherd eci ding what dat a 4 3 to c ol lec t  n e xtba s edo n  what analysisindicates,  i n  o rder to de v elo pthe pro perties  o fc ategori es or she d light o nemer g i ngtheory (Co rbin & S trauss, 2 0 08; C h ar maz &  He nwood,  2 008 ; Hol ton, 2 0 07;  Hood , 2007 ),  until  theo re tical sa turation is reached. Th eoreti cal s atu ration. T heo r eti cal satur atio n refers t o t hepoint  in dataanal y si s w h en no  new propertie s  o r d i m en sions are e m e r gin g for  th e  categ orie s, meaning that e a ch concept istheo r e tic all y  sat ur ated (Corbin &  St ra u s s, 2008;  G laser, 2007 a; Holto n, 2007:  Hood,  2007) . Theor e t ic a l sens itiv ity . Theoret ica ls ensitiv it yc oncern s th eresear cher's abil i t y to see relevan t dat a throu g h h is or  h er theo r etic al insight s in the ar ea ofrese arch(Kelle,  2 007),whi le  being ope n  to new a nd un expecte dinte rpr etatio ns o f data,  and  i t d epends up o n  t h esk i lls  wit h whi ch  the  research e r combin esl iteratu re , d a t a, and ex p e rience (Su dda by, 2 0 0 6). Uninte n dedc on s equen ces. T his ac count o f t ec hnologi cal d etermin
ing a_control over_human society with technology_considered in_some_way to_be_an autonomous force_operating outside of_social control (Feenberg, 2010;_Hofmann, 2006; Leonardi,_2009)._Technological imperative. The technological imperative involves rhetoric and underlying assumptions that technology has a_controlling_influence (Hofmann,_2006)_that_is inevitable and unstoppable (Chandler,_1995; Cukier et al., 2009;_Leonardi, 2008)_and creates an imperative to keep up with_technological_developments or be_left behind (Strobel & Tillberg-Webb, 2009). Discourse characterized by_the technological imperative and the inevitability_of technology can_be_employed_to persuade others, with_the rhetoric creating an ideological orientation_in a culture toward technological change_(Cukier et al., 2009; Leonardi, 2008). Technological_dystopianism (or Luddism). In valuing the_results of technological change, this_position is_pessimistic and generally not open_to technological innovation,_and resists_technological change (Kritt_&Winegar, 2010; Strobel & Tillberg-Webb, 2009;_Vermaas et al.,_2011). Technological utopianism. Technological utopianism embraces_the_promise o f_technology,_and_is an_optimistic position that_presents_technological innovation_as_something for the better (Kritt &Winegar,_2010;_Strobel & Tillberg-Webb, 2009; Vermaas et al.,_2011). Theoretical sampling. Rather_than_being focused on approximating_a representative sample of the_population, theoretical sampling involves the researcher_deciding what_data 43_to collect next based on what analysis indicates, in order to_develop the properties o f categories_or shed light on_emerging theory_(Corbin_& Strauss, 2008;_Charmaz_& Henwood,_2008; Holton, 2007; Hood, 2007), until theoretical_saturation is_reached. Theoretical saturation. Theoretical saturation refers_to the point in_data_analysis when no new properties or_dimensions are emerging for the categories,_meaning that each concept is_theoretically_saturated_(Corbin & Strauss, 2008; Glaser,_2007a; Holton, 2007: Hood, 2007). Theoretical_sensitivity. Theoretical sensitivity_concerns the researcher's ability to see relevant_data_through his or her theoretical insights_in_the area of research (Kelle, 2007),_while_being_open to new and unexpected_interpretations of data, and it depends_upon the skills with which the researcher combines literature,_data, and experience_(Suddaby, 2006). Unintended consequences. This_account_o_f technological determin