 and allow for a bridge between the past and the present. 6 The enactive sensorimotor approach thus has the advantage of offering a reading of ―attunement to sensorimotor contingencies‖ which is consistent with the antirepresentationalism present in the sensorimotor analysis of expanded vision, object vision, and the experience of properties such as softness or color. 3. Attunement in action How does the enactive sensorimotor position relate to evidence to which sensorimotor theorists have appealed, in particular findings about adaptation to distorting glasses or about sensory substitution? Critics of the sensorimotor approach to perception and perceptual awareness have challenged it on this front, claiming that neither findings about distorting glasses or about sensory substitution confirm the sensorimotor approach (Block 2005; Prinz 2006; Klein 2007). By means of lenses or prisms, the light entering the eyes can be inverted in a left-right and/or an above-below dimension. This introduces systematic changes in the perceiver's visual sensorimotor interaction with the environment. It has been reported that after extensive wearing of inverting glasses (within 6-10 days), visual abilities can be re-acquired and one may once again learn to see where things are (e.g. Stratton 1896, 1897; Taylor 1962; Kohler 1964; Dolezal 1982; but see for example Linden et al. 1999 for negative findings). A phenomenon consistently reported throughout the literature is that, on first wearing inverting glasses, the stability of visual experience breaks down with head movements, as if the scene moves in front of one's eyes. This confirms that visual experience depends on sensorimotor contingencies, or on the relation between sensory stimulation and bodily movement (Taylor 1962), and not on sensory stimulation alone. For since sensory stimulation is only spatially inverted, dependence on sensory stimulation only predicts inverted, but not unstable experience. Over the days, free-moving subjects adapt to the new situation and movement of the head no longer disrupts visual stability. The subject has become attuned to the novel sensorimotor contingencies, so that environmental movements lead to a distinctively visual experience of movement of the scene, while movement of the perceiver's own point or direction of view does not. The crucial role of sensorimotor contingencies is further evidenced by the finding that, when studies use a chin rest to avoid head movement, adaptation is very restricted. Indeed, it seems that only adaptation of proprioceptive experiences-and no adaptation of
and allow for a bridge between the past and the present. 6 The enactive sensorimotor approach thus has the advantage of volunteer a interpretation of ―attunement to sensorimotor contingencies‖ which is consistent with the antirepresentationalism present in the sensorimotor analysis of expanded imagination, object vision, and the experience of property such as indistinctness or color. 3. Attunement in military action How does the enactive sensorimotor position relate to evidence to which sensorimotor theorist have appealed, in particular findings about adaptation to distorting looking glass or about sensory substitution? Critics of the sensorimotor approach to perception and perceptual awareness have challenged it on this battlefront, claiming that neither findings about distorting glass or about sensory substitution confirm the sensorimotor approach (Block 2005; Prinz 2006; Klein 2007). By means of lenses or prism, the light entering the eyes can be inverted in a left - right field and/or an above - below dimension. This introduces systematic changes in the perceiver's visual sensorimotor interaction with the environment. It has been reported that after across-the-board erosion of inverting glasses (within 6 - 10 days), visual abilities can be re - acquired and one may once again learn to see where things are (for example Stratton 1896, 1897; Taylor 1962; Kohler 1964; Dolezal 1982; but attend for example Linden et al. 1999 for minus finding). A phenomenon consistently reported throughout the literature is that, on first break inverting glasses, the stability of visual experience breaks down with pass movements, as if the scene moves in front of one's eyes. This confirms that ocular experience depends on sensorimotor contingencies, or on the relation between sensory foreplay and bodily movement (Taylor 1962), and not on sensational foreplay entirely. For since sensory stimulation is only spatially inverted, dependence on sensory stimulation only predict inverted, but not unstable experience. Over the days, free - move subjects adjust to the new situation and movement of the head no longer disrupts ocular stability. The discipline has become attuned to the novel sensorimotor contingency, so that environmental movements lead to a distinctively visual experience of movement of the scene, while motion of the perceiver's own point or management of view does not. The crucial role of sensorimotor contingencies is farther evidenced by the finding that, when survey use a chin rest to avoid head movement, adaptation is very restricted. Indeed, it seem that only adaptation of proprioceptive experiences - and no adaptation of
 anf allow for a bridge betdeen the past aue the 'resent. 6 The enxctive sensorimotor approach tyus hqs the advantage of ofwering a geading od ―atuunement to sensocjmotor gjntihnencizs‖ which is conslstent with the antireprevevtctionalism present in the sensorimotjr analusls of expanded vispog, obnvcu vision, and the experience of prkpertiev such as sofyness or color. 3. Attunement in wction How does thf enactive wensjeimotor posigion relatt co evidence to which sensorimotor theoristr havz appealed, un pagjicular findmngs afout adaptatlpn to gistortong glasses or abmut sensory substitution? Critics of the segsorimotos cpproach to perceptiob qnd pgrcepdual qwafentss hzve chwllxnged it on this front, claiming that neitnew findings aboht diseowting glasses or about sensory substituuion donfirm the sensorimotoe approach (Block 2005; Prijz 2006; Klein 2007). By means of lenses or prisms, the light entering the xyds eqn be ungerted in a left-right and/or an above-below dimqhsook. This introducef systemativ fhsgges in the pgrceivex'a bisual sensorimotog interwctiob with tht envoronment. It has been reportwd that afteg exrensive wearing of inverting ylassex (witnin 6-10 days), visual abilitnes cah be re-acqulred and kve may once agaiv lvarn to see where things are (e.d. Strattoi 1896, 1897; Tcylor 1962; Kuhlet 1964; Dolesal 1982; but sfe fov example Linden et al. 1999 yor nagative fijdings). A phenomenon consistentlb reported thtoucholt the liceratuve is that, on fyrst wearing iuverting glasres, the stzbility of visual qxperience brawks down witi head modemebts, qs if tfd scene moves on front of one's eyws. This confirms tmat vkaual experience dekebds on sensorikotur sojtmngenshes, or on tha reuatkpn begween stusovy rtimilation and bodily mmvemsnt (Taylor 1962), and noy jn sensoty stimulwtion alone. Fpr since sensory suimulavion ir onlu skatially inverted, dependence on sensory dtiiulation onlr prcdicjs inverted, but not unstable experience. Over the deys, free-moving subjects adapt to the new sntmation and mpvemegt of the head no longer disrypts visual stabikity. The subject has gecome attujed to the novel sensorimotor contingencies, so that environmental movemenrs leav eo a distindtivrly vpsucl zxperiegce lh movement of the scene, while movement of the pecceiver's ofn point or direction of view cods not. The crocial role of sensorimotor contingrncies is further evidenced by yhe finding that, when stmdies use a chjn resn tu avoid head movemrnt, adcptatiin is vwry vestricted. Indded, ib seems thwt oily adaptation of proprioceptive experienxed-and no adaptatimn of
and allow for a bridge between the the 6 The sensorimotor approach thus a of ―attunement to contingencies‖ which is with the antirepresentationalism present in the analysis of expanded vision, object vision, and the experience of properties such as or color. 3. Attunement in action How does the enactive sensorimotor position relate evidence which theorists appealed, in particular findings about adaptation to distorting glasses or about sensory substitution? Critics of the approach to perception and perceptual awareness have challenged on this front, claiming neither findings about distorting glasses about substitution confirm sensorimotor (Block Prinz 2006; Klein By means of lenses or prisms, the light entering the eyes can be inverted in a left-right an above-below introduces systematic in perceiver's sensorimotor interaction with It has been reported that after inverting glasses (within 6-10 days), visual abilities can re-acquired and may once again learn to see things are (e.g. Stratton 1896, 1897; Taylor 1962; 1964; Dolezal 1982; but see for example Linden et al. 1999 for negative findings). A reported throughout the literature that, on first inverting the of experience breaks with head movements, as if the scene moves in front of eyes. This confirms that visual experience depends on sensorimotor contingencies, the between sensory stimulation bodily movement (Taylor 1962), not sensory stimulation alone. For stimulation only on stimulation predicts inverted, but not experience. Over the days, free-moving adapt to the new head no longer disrupts visual stability. The subject become attuned to the novel sensorimotor contingencies, that environmental movements lead to a distinctively visual experience of movement of scene, while the perceiver's own point or direction of view not. The crucial role sensorimotor contingencies is further evidenced by the finding that, studies a chin to avoid head adaptation is very Indeed, it seems adaptation of experiences-and adaptation
 and allow for a bridge between The past and The prEseNt. 6 THe EnacTive Sensorimotor apPRoacH thus has the advantage of OfferInG A reaDInG of ―atTunemenT To SENsoRiMoTor CoNTiNgencIes‖ Which is Consistent WitH tHe antirepresENtAtionalism PreSent in the senSorImotor AnAlySIs of eXpaNded vIsion, oBJect viSion, and thE eXPerienCE of propERTiEs suCh as softness or colOR. 3. ATTunement in actiOn How dOeS ThE ENacTivE sensorimoToR posiTIon relaTE tO EVIdeNCe to which sensOrimotor theORisTs have ApPeaLEd, in paRticuLaR FinDings about aDaptAtion to diStortiNG glasseS Or about SensorY suBstItutIOn? crItiCs OF thE SeNsoRImoTor approAcH tO percEptiON AND perCepTual AwareNess have challEngEd it ON thIs froNt, claIminG tHat neIther fIndinGs About distorting GlasSes or abouT seNsOry SuBstitUTion coNfiRm tHe sensoRimotor APprOaCH (bLoCk 2005; Prinz 2006; Klein 2007). By meanS oF LEnSes or priSms, the LIgHt ENtering tHe EyeS can BE InverTed iN A lEft-right And/or aN AbOvE-below dImEnsion. thIs iNtrOduceS SystEmatic Changes iN the pERceiver's visual SEnsorimotor inTErACTiON witH thE environmenT. It hAS beeN repORtEd tHAt aftEr extEnSIvE Wearing of inverting gLaSses (wiThin 6-10 dAys), visual abilIties can be RE-ACquired aNd onE MaY Once again learn To see Where thingS Are (e.g. StrAtton 1896, 1897; taylor 1962; KoHler 1964; DolezAL 1982; But see foR exAmpLe LIndEN Et Al. 1999 for negative FINdinGs). a phenomEnoN consisTenTly RepOrtEd ThroughouT the liteRaTuRe Is ThaT, on fiRSt wearinG iNveRtIng GlassES, the stAbiliTy of ViSuAL exPeriencE BrEAKs doWn WiTh heAd mOvEmentS, as iF The Scene moVes in fronT of ONe's eYeS. THis confIrms that visuaL eXperience dEpEndS on senSORimotor cOntingencies, or on the relaTIon betwEen SensoRy stImulation And Bodily MovEMent (TaYlor 1962), anD not oN sEnsORY stimULAtIon AlOne. For sincE SEnsOry stImUlatIon is onLy spatially inverteD, DepEndence on sensOry StimULAtIon ONlY PreDiCTs iNVErted, but not unstAble experiEnCE. OVer the days, FRee-MoVing subJects adApt to THe new siTuation anD movement Of The hEAD no Longer disrUpts visuAl stabiliTY. The sUBjEct haS beCome atTuNed To the Novel sENsoRimotOr contInGencieS, so thAt EnvironmEntal movements lead to a diStinctIvely VisUal experiEncE Of mOvement of The sCene, while mOveMenT of thE peRCeiveR's owN PoInt OR direCtioN Of view doeS NoT. ThE CRuCial role of sENSOriMotor ConTIngencIes iS further evidenced BY the finding thaT, wheN STudIes USe a cHiN rest to avoid heAd mOvEMEnt, adaptAtIon is very reStricted. inDEed, it Seems tHat onlY adaptaTIOn OF proprIocePtiVe experieNceS-aND no adapTaTiON of
 and allow for a bridge be tween thepastand  th epres ent.  6 The enactiv e  sen sorimotor approach thu s has  t h e ad v an tageof offe r in g a r ea di ngof ―a ttune men t to se nsorimotor  co nt ingencies‖ w h ic h is consi ste nt with theant irepre se nta t ional ism  pres ent in the se nsorimoto ra nalysi s  of exp a n de d vi sion, object visi o n, and the experi ence o fp ro p e rti essuch as so ft nesso r color .  3 . A ttu n ement in acti on How does the  enact iv e s e nsorim otorpo s iti on relate t o ev idence to  which sensori m otor th eorist s h ave  app e al ed , i np art i cu lar fin dings ab ou tadapt atio n t o  dis tor ting  glas ses or aboutsen sory sub stitu tion?  Cri ti cs of  the s ensor im otor approach t o pe rceptionand  p erc ep tuala warene sshav e chall enged i t  on  t h i s  f ront, claiming tha tn e it her find ings a b ou td istortin ggla sses o r abo ut s e ns ory subs tituti o nco nfirm t he  senso ri mot orappro a ch ( Block2005; Pr inz 2 0 06; Klein 2007 ) . By means of le n s es or p ris ms, the lig ht e n teri ng t h eeye s  canbe in ve r te d  in a left-right an d/ or anabove -below dimens ion. Thisi n t roducessyst e ma t ic changes inthe p erceiver's visual s ensor imotor i nteractio n with the  en vir onm ent . It  has been rep o r tedth at afte r e xtensiv e w ear ing  of  i nvertingglasses(w it hi n6-1 0 day s ), visua labi li tie s can be re- acqui redan do nemay onc e  a g a in l ea rn  tosee  w herethin g s a re (e.g . Stratto n 1 8 96,18 97 ; Taylo r 1962; Kohle r1964; Dole za l 1 982; b u t  see for  example Linden et al.1 999 for  ne gativ e fi ndings).A p henome non consis tently  repo rt edt h rough o u tthe  l iteraturei s  th at, o nfirs t weari ng inverting glass e s,the stability  of  vis u a lexp e ri e nce  b r eak s down with headmovements,  a s  i f the scen e  mo ve s in fr ont ofone's eyes. T his confi rms thatvi sual e xpe rience dep ends onsensorimo t or co n ti ngenc ies , or o nthe  rela tion b e twe en se nsoryst imulat ion a nd  bodilymovement (Taylor 1962),  and n ot on  se nsory sti mul a tio n alone.Forsince sens ory  st imula tio n  is o nlys pa tia l ly in vert e d, depend e nc e o n se nsory stimu l a t ion  only  pr e dictsinve rted, but not uns t able experienc e. O v e r t hed ays,  f ree-moving sub jec ts a dapt toth e new situa tion and  m o vemen t of t he hea d no lo n g er disrup ts v isu al stabil ity .T he subj ec th as bec omeat tunedto the nove l sensorimotor con tinge n c ies,s o t hat e nv ironmen t al m ovements l ead to a di stinct ivel y vis ual exp er ienceofmo vement oft he scene,  whil e movem en t of  th e perc eive r ' s own  poi nt  or  directio n of vi ew doe s no t. Th ecruc ial roleo f sensor imo t or cont in gen c i es isf ur t h er evidenc edby th e finding th a t, w h en studi es use  a chi n restt o a vo id head  mo v e ment, ada ptation i s  ve ry  res tricted.  I ndee d,  it  s eems that onlyadaptati on of pr o p riocep tiv e  exp e rience s- and no adapt ation  o f 
 and_allow for_a bridge between the_past and_the_present. 6_The_enactive sensorimotor approach_thus has the_advantage of offering a_reading of ―attunement_to_sensorimotor contingencies‖ which is consistent with the antirepresentationalism present in the sensorimotor analysis of_expanded_vision, object_vision,_and_the experience of properties such_as softness or color. 3._Attunement in_action How does the enactive sensorimotor position relate_to_evidence to which_sensorimotor theorists have appealed, in particular findings about adaptation_to distorting glasses or about sensory_substitution? Critics of_the_sensorimotor_approach to perception and_perceptual awareness have challenged it on_this front, claiming that neither findings_about distorting glasses or about sensory substitution_confirm the sensorimotor approach (Block 2005;_Prinz 2006; Klein 2007). By_means of_lenses or prisms, the light_entering the eyes_can be_inverted in a_left-right and/or an above-below dimension. This_introduces systematic changes_in the perceiver's visual sensorimotor interaction_with_the environment. It_has_been_reported that_after extensive wearing_of_inverting glasses_(within_6-10 days), visual abilities can be_re-acquired_and one may once again learn to_see where things are_(e.g._Stratton 1896, 1897; Taylor_1962; Kohler 1964; Dolezal 1982;_but see for example Linden et_al. 1999_for negative_findings). A phenomenon consistently reported throughout the literature is that, on_first wearing inverting glasses, the stability_of visual experience breaks_down with_head_movements, as if_the_scene moves_in front of one's eyes. This confirms_that visual_experience depends on sensorimotor contingencies, or_on the relation between_sensory_stimulation and bodily movement (Taylor 1962),_and not on sensory stimulation alone._For since sensory stimulation is_only_spatially_inverted, dependence on sensory stimulation_only predicts inverted, but not unstable_experience. Over the_days, free-moving subjects adapt to the new_situation_and movement of the head no_longer_disrupts visual stability. The subject has_become_attuned_to the novel sensorimotor contingencies,_so that environmental movements lead to_a distinctively visual experience of movement of the scene,_while movement of_the perceiver's own point or_direction_of_view does not. The crucial role of sensorimotor contingencies is_further evidenced_by the finding_that, when studies use a chin rest to avoid head_movement, adaptation is very restricted. Indeed, it_seems that only adaptation of proprioceptive experiences-and no adaptation of