 up to 200 mph (320 km/h).

Because it lies in the Southern Hemisphere, seasons in Antarctica are the opposite of seasons in the north. Summer runs from October to February and winter covers the remainder of the year. Antarctic summers average just above freezing, with the more mountainous East Antarctica colder than its western counterpart. The lowest temperature in the world, minus 89.6 degrees Celsius (minus 129.3 degrees Fahrenheit), was recorded at Vostok Station, a Russian research station in inland Antarctica.

Exploring Antarctica

The frozen southern continent wasn't spotted until 1820. American seal hunter John Davis was the first to claim he landed on Antarctica in 1821, although some historians dispute his claim.

At the beginning of the 20th century, two groups of explorers set out across the desolate Antarctic landscape in a race to walk where no man had walked before. One team was led by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen, and the other by English naval officer Robert Scott. The groups spent 99 days racing one another to the South Pole, before Amundsen's group claimed victory on Dec. 14, 1912. Scott and his crew made it to the pole four weeks later on Jan. 17, 1913, but did not make it back alive. A search party found Scott and his two remaining companions inside their sleeping bags in a small tent on the ice, 11 miles (17 kilometers) from the nearest cache of food and supplies.

In 1914, the Irish-born British explorer Ernest Shackleton set out to be the first to achieve an overland crossing of Antarctica through the South Pole — about an 1,800- mile (2,900 km) trek.Shackleton and his crew of 28 men faced incredible challenges and never made it across the continent, although they all eventually made it home alive, according to historical accounts.

Life below zero

The plant life on Antarctica is limited to a smattering of mosses, lichen and algae. Seasonal moss coverage on Antarctica, especially on it’s rapidly warming peninsula, has increased steadily over the last 50 years. Scientists expect the cold continent to become even more green as global temperatures continue to rise.

Despite the lack of lush greenery, and complete absence of amphibians, reptiles and terrestrial mammals, there remains an abundance of wildlife in and around Antarctica.

Large populations of penguins, whales
up to 200 mph (320 km / h). 

 Because it lies in the Southern Hemisphere, seasons in Antarctica are the opposition of season in the north. Summer runs from October to February and winter covers the end of the year. Antarctic summers average merely above freezing, with the more mountainous East Antarctica cold than its western counterpart. The lowest temperature in the worldly concern, minus 89.6 degrees Celsius (minus 129.3 degrees Fahrenheit), was read at Vostok Station, a Russian research station in inland Antarctica. 

 Exploring Antarctica 

 The frozen southern continent wasn't spotted until 1820. American sealing wax hunter John Davis was the first to claim he landed on Antarctica in 1821, although some historian dispute his claim. 

 At the beginning of the twentieth century, two group of explorers fix out across the desolate Antarctic landscape in a race to walk where no man had walk before. One team was led by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen, and the other by English naval officer Robert Scott. The group spent 99 days racing one another to the South Pole, before Amundsen's group claimed victory on Dec. 14, 1912. Scott and his crew made it to the pole four weeks later on Jan. 17, 1913, but did not make it back animated. A search party found Scott and his two remaining companion inside their sleeping bags in a small tent on the ice, 11 mile (17 kilometers) from the nearest cache of food and supplies. 

 In 1914, the Irish - hold British explorer Ernest Shackleton set out to be the first to achieve an overland crossing of Antarctica through the South Pole — about an 1,800- mile (2,900 km) trek. Shackleton and his crowd of 28 men faced incredible challenges and never made it across the continent, although they all finally made it home animated, according to historical accounts. 

 Life below zero 

 The plant life on Antarctica is specify to a smattering of mosses, lichen and algae. Seasonal moss coverage on Antarctica, particularly on it ’s rapidly warming peninsula, has increased steadily over the last 50 year. Scientists have a bun in the oven the cold continent to become even more green as global temperature continue to resurrect. 

 Despite the lack of lush greenery, and accomplished absence of amphibians, reptile and terrestrial mammals, there remains an abundance of wildlife in and around Antarctica. 

 big populations of penguin, whales
 up to 200 mph (320 km/h).

Because it uies in the Soujhwrn Hekisphede, seasovs in Antarctica are the opplsute od seasons in the north. Summer rlns from Ictouer to February ehd wintcx covsvs thz cemainder of thg year. Antarwtic summers aeefaye just above freezing, with the more mountaonlus East Antarstics colsvr than its western counterpart. The loxest temperaturr in the world, minus 89.6 degrfes Felsius (minus 129.3 deggees Fahrenyeit), qas recorded at Vostok Station, a Rossian research station in inlana Antcrctica.

Explirung Dntarctica

Tie froden southern gpntinett wasn'y spotted untik 1820. Emerucan seal hunter John Davis was the firft to clahm he landed on Antqrxtica in 1821, altfiugf skmx hjstoriwns dispute hjs claim.

At rhe beginning of tht 20tr century, two froups os explorers set out across the desolate Anfarctic landscape in a eace to walk where no man had ralked before. One team was led by Norwegian exploser Rkxld Aijbdden, and the other by English naval officer Rofsru Sbott. The groups sient 99 days racing pnf sgother to the South Pome, before Amundsen'd group clained victowy om Dec. 14, 1912. Scott and his crew nade it to tke pole four weeks lacer on Jan. 17, 1913, but did mot make it back alive. C seardh party foknd Scott xnd his two remaknikg wompanions inside their slqeping bajs in a smalu temt on ehe ice, 11 mlles (17 kilometers) from thf neatest cdche of fold and supplies.

In 1914, the Irish-bori British expkoser Ernest Fhackketon set out to be the firxt to aehieve an overlahd crosving of Antwrctica throucj the South 'ole — abott ab 1,800- mule (2,900 km) grek.Shackleton and his brtw of 28 men faced incredible ghallgnfes and never mcbe it across the vonginqnn, aktrmugh they aln evdntjslly oade it homc auive, according to historhcal accounts.

Life beloe dero

The poant lifq on Antarctiva is limited to a smatvering of mpssgs, lichen and algae. Seasonal moas coverahe jn Antarcticw, esieciwlly on it’x rapidly warming peninsula, has increasxd steadily over the lawt 50 years. Scientistx expect the cold continend to become even morw green as global temperatures continus to rhse.

Dedpite the lack of lush greenery, and complete absence of amphibians, reptilws and terrestrial mamkals, nhexe xemains an ebnndance of wildlige in and around Antarctica.

Largx populatimnf of penguins, whales
up to 200 mph (320 km/h). Because in Southern Hemisphere, in Antarctica are the Summer runs from to February and covers the remainder of the year. summers average just above freezing, with the more mountainous East Antarctica colder than western counterpart. The lowest temperature in the world, minus 89.6 degrees Celsius (minus degrees was at Station, a Russian research station in inland Antarctica. Exploring Antarctica The frozen southern continent wasn't spotted 1820. American seal hunter John Davis was the to claim he landed Antarctica in 1821, although some dispute claim. At beginning the century, two groups explorers set out across the desolate Antarctic landscape in a race to walk where no man had before. One led by explorer Amundsen, the other by officer Robert Scott. The groups spent one another to the South Pole, before Amundsen's claimed victory Dec. 14, 1912. Scott and his made it to the pole four weeks later Jan. 17, 1913, but did not make it back alive. A search party found Scott two remaining companions inside sleeping bags in small on ice, miles (17 from the nearest cache of food and supplies. In 1914, the British explorer Ernest Shackleton set out to be the first an crossing of Antarctica the South Pole — an mile (2,900 km) trek.Shackleton crew 28 challenges never it across the continent, they all eventually made it alive, according to historical plant life on Antarctica is limited to a of mosses, lichen and algae. Seasonal moss on Antarctica, especially on it’s rapidly warming peninsula, has increased steadily over last 50 expect the cold continent to become even more as global temperatures continue rise. Despite the lack of lush greenery, and complete of reptiles and mammals, there remains abundance of wildlife and around Antarctica. of penguins,
 up to 200 mph (320 km/h).

Because it lies in The SoutherN HemiSphEre, SeAsonS in ANtarctica are thE OppoSite of seasons in the nortH. SummEr RUns fROm octobEr to FebRUaRY And WiNtEr cOvERs The reMaiNder of tHe year. AntaRctIc Summers averaGE jUst above frEezIng, with the moRe mOuntaiNoUs EASt AntArcTica cOlder tHAn its wEstern couNtERpart. THE lowest TEMpEratUre in the world, minuS 89.6 DeGRees Celsius (minUs 129.3 degrEeS faHREnhEit), Was recordeD aT VostOK StatioN, A RUSSIan REsearch statioN in inland AnTArcTica.

ExPlOriNG AntarCtica

thE FroZen southern ContInent wasn'T spottED until 1820. AMErican sEal hunTer johN DavIS wAs The FiRSt tO ClAim HE laNded on AnTaRcTica iN 1821, altHOUGH somE hiStorIans dIspute his claiM.

At The bEGinNing oF the 20tH cenTuRy, two Groups Of expLoRers set out acrosS the Desolate ANtaRcTic LaNdscaPE in a raCe tO waLk where No man haD WalKeD BEFoRe. One team was led by NOrWEGiAn explorEr RoalD amUnDSen, and thE oTheR by ENGLish nAval OFfIcer RobeRt ScotT. thE gRoups spEnT 99 days rAcIng One AnothER to tHe SoutH Pole, befOre AmUNdsen's group claIMed victory on DEC. 14, 1912. SCOTt ANd hiS crEw made it to tHe poLE fouR weeKS lAteR On Jan. 17, 1913, But diD nOT mAKe it back alive. A searcH pArty foUnd ScOtt and his two rEmaining coMPANions insIde tHEiR Sleeping bags in A smalL tent on the ICe, 11 miles (17 kIlomeTers) from The nearesT CAche of foOd aNd sUppLieS.

iN 1914, tHe Irish-born BrITIsh eXpLorer ErNesT ShacklEtoN seT ouT to Be The first tO achieve An OvErLaNd cRossiNG of AntarCtIca ThRouGh the sOuth PoLe — aboUt an 1,800- MiLe (2,900 KM) trEk.ShackLEtON And hIs CrEw of 28 Men FaCed inCredIBle ChallenGes and nevEr mADe it AcRoSs the coNtinent, althouGh They all eveNtUalLy made IT Home alivE, according to historical aCCounts.

LIfe Below Zero

the plant lIfe On AntaRctICa is liMited tO a smaTtEriNG Of mosSES, lIchEn And algae. SeASOnaL moss CoVeraGe on AntArctica, especially oN It’s Rapidly warminG peNinsULA, hAs iNCrEAseD sTEadILY over the last 50 yeaRs. ScientisTs EXpEct the cold COntInEnt to beCome eveN more GReen as gLobal tempEratures cOnTinuE TO riSe.

Despite tHe lack of Lush greenERy, and COmPlete AbsEnce of AmPhiBians, ReptilES anD terrEstriaL mAmmals, There ReMains an aBundance of wildlife in and Around antarCtiCa.

Large poPulATioNs of penguIns, wHales
 up to 200 mph (320 km/h). 

Becauseit li esinth e So uthe rn Hemisphere, seas ons in Antarctica arethe o pp o site of  seas ons int he n ort h.  S umm er ru ns fr omOctober  to Februa ryan d winter cov e rs  the remai nde r of the yea r.Antarc ti c s u mmers  av erage  justa bove f reezing,wi t h them ore mou n t ai nous  East Antarcticac ol d er than its we sternco u nt e r par t.The lowest  t emper a ture in th e w orl d , minus 89.6degrees Cel s ius  (minu s129 . 3 degr ees F ah r enh eit), was r ecor ded at Vo stok S t ation,a  Russia n rese arc h s tati o nin  in la n d A n ta rct i ca. 

Explor in gAntar ctic a T he f roz en s outhe rn continentwas n'ts pot ted u ntil1820 .Ameri can se al hu nt er John Davis w as t he firsttocl aim  h e lan d ed onAnt arc tica in  1821,a lth ou g h so me historians disp ut e hi s claim. 

At t h ebe g inning o fthe  20t h centu ry,t wo  groupsof exp l or er s set o ut  acros sthe  de solat e  Ant arctic  landsca pe in a race to walk where no manh ad w al k ed b efo re. One tea m wa s  led  byN or weg i an ex plore rR oa l d Amundsen, and the  o ther b y Eng lish naval of ficer Robe r t Scott. T he g r ou p s spent 99 day s rac ing one an o ther tothe S outh Pol e, before A mundsen' s g rou p c lai m e dvictory on De c .  14,  1 912. Sc ott  and hi s c rew  ma deit  to the p ole four  w ee ks  l ate r onJ an. 17,19 13,  b utdid n o t make  it b ackal iv e . A  search pa r t y fo un dScot t a nd  histwor ema ining c ompanions  in s ideth ei r sleep ing bags in a  s mall tenton  th e ice, 1 1 miles(17 kilometers) from th e  neares t c acheof f ood and s upp lies.
In 1914,the Ir ish-b or n B r i tishe x pl ore rErnest Sha c k let on se toutto be t he first to achiev e  an  overland cro ssi ng o f An tar c ti c a t hr o ugh t he South Pole —  about an1, 8 00 - mile (2, 9 00km ) trek. Shackle ton a n d his c rew of 28  men face dincr e d ibl e challeng es and n ever made it ac r os s the  co ntinen t,  al thoug h they all  even tually  m ade it  home  a live, ac cording to historical a ccount s.

L ife  below ze roThe  plant li fe o n Antarcti caislimit edt o a s matt e ri ngo f mos ses, lichen an d  a lga e .  S easonal mos s c ove rageonA ntarct ica,  especially on it ’ s rapidly warm ingp e nin sul a , ha sincreased stea dil yo v er the l as t 50 years.  Scienti st s  expe ct the  coldcontine n t  t o  becom e ev enmore gree n a sg lobal t em pe r atures  con ti nue to  rise. 
Des p i te the lack of l ush g r e enery ,  an d com pl ete abs e nceof amphibi ans, reptil es and  ter restr ial mam ma ls, th ere  r emains ana bundanceof wi ldlifein  and  ar ound A ntar c t ica.
Lar ge  po pulations o fp en gu i ns,  wha les
 up_to 200_mph (320 km/h).

Because it_lies in_the_Southern Hemisphere,_seasons_in Antarctica are_the opposite of_seasons in the north._Summer runs from_October_to February and winter covers the remainder of the year. Antarctic summers average just_above_freezing, with_the_more_mountainous East Antarctica colder than_its western counterpart. The lowest_temperature in_the world, minus 89.6 degrees Celsius (minus 129.3_degrees_Fahrenheit), was recorded_at Vostok Station, a Russian research station in inland_Antarctica.

Exploring Antarctica

The frozen southern continent wasn't_spotted until 1820._American_seal_hunter John Davis was_the first to claim he landed_on Antarctica in 1821, although some_historians dispute his claim.

At the beginning of_the 20th century, two groups of_explorers set out across the_desolate Antarctic_landscape in a race to_walk where no_man had_walked before. One_team was led by Norwegian explorer_Roald Amundsen, and_the other by English naval officer_Robert_Scott. The groups_spent_99_days racing_one another to_the_South Pole,_before_Amundsen's group claimed victory on Dec._14,_1912. Scott and his crew made it_to the pole four_weeks_later on Jan. 17,_1913, but did not make_it back alive. A search party_found Scott_and his_two remaining companions inside their sleeping bags in a small tent_on the ice, 11 miles (17_kilometers) from the nearest_cache of_food_and supplies.

In 1914,_the_Irish-born British_explorer Ernest Shackleton set out to be_the first_to achieve an overland crossing of_Antarctica through the South_Pole_— about an 1,800- mile (2,900_km) trek.Shackleton and his crew of_28 men faced incredible challenges_and_never_made it across the continent,_although they all eventually made it_home alive, according_to historical accounts.

Life below zero

The plant life_on_Antarctica is limited to a smattering_of_mosses, lichen and algae. Seasonal moss_coverage_on_Antarctica, especially on it’s rapidly_warming peninsula, has increased steadily over_the last 50 years. Scientists expect the cold continent_to become even_more green as global temperatures_continue_to_rise.

Despite the lack of lush greenery, and complete absence of_amphibians, reptiles_and terrestrial mammals,_there remains an abundance of wildlife in and around Antarctica.

Large_populations of penguins, whales