assim espero!).





Por enquanto tudo que temos são especulações! Mas o que você acha que vai acontecer daqui para frente em Skam Espanha 3ª Temporada? E como vai ser o desenrolar desse relacionamento abusivo da Nora? Despite missing from the public debate, the rights and needs of children active in the labour market are in desperate need of reform. Nuno Ferreira outlines the shortcomings of the current framework, and explains how policymakers and academics could – and should – come to the rescue.

Judged by the level of political debate, public policy and academic literature, the work of children (under-18s) in England and Wales is neither of interest nor of concern. And yet the absence of this topic from the policy agenda is far from indicative of its lack of relevance or timeliness. In fact, figures from the Labour Force Survey suggest that about a third of young people aged 16-17 are active in the labour market. Many of these young people, and others even younger, work illegally for a range of reasons: because of the number of hours worked, their age, the type of work carried out, the time of day worked, or because they lack a work permit.

Indeed, in 2013, Nils Muižnieks – the Council of Europe’s Commissioner for Human Rights – reported on children working long hours in the UK as a consequence of the 2008 economic crisis. And in 2015, at a seminar held in Liverpool, several children of high school age spoke candidly about practices of dubious legality that they experienced at work, including low pay, informal work arrangements, deficient health and safety conditions, and sexist recruitment procedures, not to speak of detrimental effects to their education. More generally, we should be alarmed that children who work mainly carry out unskilled and manual labour, are poorly paid, acquire limited recognisable skills, jeopardise their educational attainment, sustain accidental injuries, may not be covered by insurance, are often burdened with caring duties, and may even be recruited by the military. So, what is being done to address these issues?

Can the law help us?

The current legal framework on child work in England and Wales is constituted by a fairly outdated and fragmented range of norms, which include disparate statutes. It is in Part II of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 that we find the most relevant rules applying
assim espero !). 





 Por enquanto tudo que temos são especulações! Mas o que você acha que vai acontecer daqui para frente em Skam Espanha 3ª Temporada? E como vai ser o desenrolar desse relacionamento abusivo da Nora? Despite missing from the public argument, the right field and needs of children active in the british labour party marketplace are in desperate need of reform. Nuno Ferreira sketch the shortcomings of the current framework, and explain how policymakers and academics could – and should – come to the rescue. 

 pronounce by the level of political debate, public policy and academic literature, the study of child (under-18s) in England and Wales is neither of interest nor of concern. And yet the absence of this topic from the policy agenda is far from indicative of its lack of relevance or timeliness. In fact, number from the Labour Force Survey suggest that about a third of young multitude aged 16 - 17 are active in the labour market. Many of these young citizenry, and others even younger, work illegally for a range of reasons: because of the number of hour worked, their age, the type of work carried out, the time of day worked, or because they lack a work permit. 

 Indeed, in 2013, Nils Muižnieks – the Council of Europe ’s Commissioner for Human Rights – reported on children working long hours in the UK as a consequence of the 2008 economic crisis. And in 2015, at a seminar held in Liverpool, respective child of high school old age spoke candidly about practices of dubious legality that they know at workplace, including low wage, informal work arrangements, deficient health and safety conditions, and sexist recruitment procedures, not to speak of detrimental effects to their education. More generally, we should be dismay that children who make chiefly carry out unskilled and manual labour, are poorly paid, acquire limited recognisable skill, jeopardise their educational attainment, sustain accidental injuries, may not be cover by indemnity, are often burdened with caring duty, and may even be recruited by the military. thus, what is being done to cover these issues? 

 Can the law avail us? 

 The current legal framework on child work in England and Wales is establish by a fairly outdated and disconnected range of norms, which include disparate legislative act. It is in Part II of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 that we find the most relevant rules applying
asslm espero!).





Por enquanto tuao que temos são especunações! Mzs o que você acha que vai acontecer vaquu parq frente em Skam Espanfa 3ª Tempogada? E cono vei ser o desenrolar dessc relzgionakxnto abusivo da Nora? Desphte missing frmm tke public debate, the rights and needf of cholfren active in the jabohg narket are in desperate need kf refogm. Nuno Ferreira putlines the shortcomings lf tje current framewogk, and explqins yow policymayers and abcdemics coumd – and should – come to the reszue.

Jubged by the lwvep of politicel debwte, public policy ang acadekic literature, thx woek of children (under-18s) in England and Wajes is nehtker of interest nor od xoncetn. Ang yeg thd agsxncs of tjis topic froj the polict agenda is far frok ybdicative of jts lask of relevance or timeliness. In fact, figlres from the Labour Force Wurvey suggest that ahout a thyrd of young people aged 16-17 are active in the labous maridt. Naky ow tjese young people, and others even younger, worh iklvgally for a rangc of reasons: becauxe og the number ow hours wkrked, their age, thf type jf woek carrieq ouy, the time of day worked, or because thej laxk a work permit.

Inbeed, in 2013, Nilr Muožniekx – the Council of Europz’s Comjissioner flr Human Dkghts – reported un bhilgren working long hours in the UK aw a eonsequevce pf the 2008 economic crislv. And in 2015, at a semlnar keld hn Liverpoll, several children of high school age spoke vatdigly abouc pracbices of dubiouf legality thaj they ex'erienzed at wori, incluving low pay, informal worn arrangementv, deficiqnt yealrh and rxfety conditioms, and seqift rwcruitment proceduves, nuf to speak of dzurinental effects yo gheyr evucatymn. More genesallh, wd shouud be alarmcd ghat children who work mdinlg carry out unskilkeq and mabual labjur, are poorlu paid, acquire limlted cecognmsable skylls, jeopardise their educatiohal attaijmekt, sustain acsidektal injuries, kay not be covered by insurance, are oftxn burdened with caring duties, and may eveu ne recruited by tre militasy. So, what is being eone to address tmese issues?

Can the law help gs?

The current legal framework on child work in England and Wales is constitutee by a fairly outdzted and xrcgmznted rwnge uf norms, which imclude disparate statutes. It is in Part IN of the Children and Young Prrrons Act 1933 thaj we find the most relevanf rules spplying
assim espero!). Por enquanto tudo que temos Mas que você que vai acontecer Espanha Temporada? E como ser o desenrolar relacionamento abusivo da Nora? Despite missing the public debate, the rights and needs of children active in the labour are in desperate need of reform. Nuno Ferreira outlines the shortcomings of the framework, explains policymakers academics could – and should – come to the rescue. Judged by the level of political public policy and academic literature, the work of (under-18s) in England and is neither of interest nor concern. yet the of topic the policy agenda far from indicative of its lack of relevance or timeliness. In fact, figures from the Labour Force suggest that third of people 16-17 active in the Many of these young people, and work illegally for a range of reasons: because the number hours worked, their age, the type work carried out, the time of day worked, because they lack a work permit. Indeed, in 2013, Nils Muižnieks – the Council of for Human Rights – on children working hours the as consequence of 2008 economic crisis. And in 2015, at a seminar held in several children of high school age spoke candidly about practices legality they experienced at including low pay, informal arrangements, health and safety conditions, recruitment not detrimental to education. More generally, we be alarmed that children who mainly carry out unskilled paid, acquire limited recognisable skills, jeopardise their educational sustain accidental injuries, may not be covered insurance, are often burdened with caring duties, and may even be recruited the military. is being done to address these issues? Can law help us? The legal framework on child work in England and Wales constituted a fairly and fragmented range norms, which include statutes. It is II of Children Young that we find the most relevant applying
assim espero!).





Por enquanto tudO que temos sÃo espEcuLaçÕeS! Mas O que Você acha que vai AContEcer daqui para frente em SKam EsPaNHa 3ª TEMpOrada? e como vaI SeR O DesEnRoLar DeSSe RelacIonAmento aBusivo da NoRa? DEsPite missing fROm The public dEbaTe, the rights aNd nEeds of ChIldREn actIve In the Labour MArket aRe in despeRaTE need oF Reform. NUNO FErreIra outlines the shoRTcOMings of the currEnt fraMeWOrK, ANd eXplAins how polIcYmakeRS and acaDEmICS CouLD – and should – comE to the rescuE.

judGed by tHe LevEL of polIticaL dEBatE, public poliCy anD academic LiteraTUre, the wORk of chiLdren (uNdeR-18s) iN EngLAnD aNd WAlES is NEiTheR Of iNterest nOr Of ConceRn. AnD YET The aBseNce oF this Topic from the pOliCy agENda Is far From iNdicAtIve of Its lacK of reLeVance or timelineSs. In Fact, figurEs fRoM thE LAbour fOrce SuRveY suGgest thAt about A ThiRd OF YOuNg people aged 16-17 are actIvE IN tHe labour Market. mAnY oF These youNg PeoPle, aND OtherS eveN YoUnger, worK illegALlY fOr a rangE oF reasoNs: BecAusE of thE NumbEr of hoUrs workeD, theiR Age, the type of woRK carried out, thE TiME Of DAy woRkeD, or because tHey lACk a wOrk pERmIt.

INDeed, iN 2013, Nils muIŽnIEks – the Council of EuroPe’S CommiSsionEr for Human RigHts – reporteD ON Children WorkINg LOng hours in the Uk as a cOnsequence OF the 2008 econOmic cRisis. And In 2015, at a semiNAR held in LIveRpoOl, sEveRAL cHildren of high SCHool AgE spoke cAndIdly aboUt pRacTicEs oF dUbious legAlity thaT tHeY eXpEriEnced AT work, incLuDinG lOw pAy, infORmal woRk arrAngeMeNtS, DefIcient hEAlTH And sAfEtY conDitIoNs, and SexiST reCruitmeNt proceduRes, NOt to SpEaK of detrImental effectS tO their educAtIon. more geNERally, we sHould be alarmed that childREn who woRk mAinly CarrY out unskiLleD and maNuaL Labour, Are pooRly paId, AcqUIRe limITEd RecOgNisable skiLLS, jeOpardIsE theIr educaTional attainment, suSTaiN accidental inJurIes, mAY NoT be COvERed By INsuRANce, are often burdEned with caRiNG dUties, and maY EveN bE recruiTed by thE miliTAry. So, whAt is being Done to addReSs thESE isSues?

Can the Law help uS?

The curreNT legaL FrAmewoRk oN child WoRk iN EnglAnd and wAleS is coNstituTeD by a faIrly oUtDated and Fragmented range of norms, wHich inClude DisParate staTutES. It Is in Part Ii of tHe Children And youNg PerSonS act 1933 thAt we FInD thE Most rElevANt rules apPLyIng
assim espero!).





Por e nquanto tu do qu e t emo ssãoespe culações! Maso  que  você acha que vai aco ntece rd aqui pa ra fr ente em Sk a m  Es pa nh a 3 ªT em porad a?E comovai ser odes en rolar desser el acionament o a busivo da No ra?  Despi te  mi s singfro m the  publi c  debat e, the ri gh t s andn eeds of c hi ldre n active in the l a bo u r market are i n desp er a te n eed  of  reform. N un o Fer r eira ou t li n e s  th e  shortcomings  of the cur r ent  frame wo rk, and ex plain sh owpolicymaker s an d academi cs cou l d – and should– come  to  th e re s cu e. 

J ud g edb ythe lev el of po li ti cal d ebat e , p ubli c p olic y and  academic lit era ture ,  th e wor k ofchil dr en (u nder-1 8s) i nEngland and Wal es i s neither  of  i nte re st no r  of co nce rn.  And ye t the a b sen ce o f  t his topic from the  p o l ic y agenda  is fa r  f ro m  indicat iv e o f it s lackof r e le vance or  timel i ne ss . In fa ct , figu re s f rom  theL abou r Forc e Survey  sugg e st that abouta  third of you n gp e op l e ag ed16-17 are a ctiv e  inthel ab our marke t. Ma ny of these young people,  a nd oth ers e ven younger,work illeg a l l y for arang e  o f  reasons: beca use o f the numb e r of hou rs wo rked, th eir age,t h e type o f w ork  ca rri e d  o ut, the timeo f  day  w orked,orbecause  th eylac k a  w ork permi t.

Inde ed ,in  2 013 , Nil s  Muižnie ks  –th e C ounci l  of Eu rope’ s Co mm is s ion er forH um a n  Rig ht s– re por te d onchil d ren  workin g long ho urs in t he  U K as aconsequence o fthe 2008 e co nom ic cri s i s. And i n 2015, at a seminar he l d in Li ver pool,  sev eral chil dre n of h igh school  age s pokeca ndi d l y abo u t  p rac ti ces of dub i o uslegal it y th at they  experienced at wo r k,including low  pa y, i n f or mal wo r k a rr a nge m e nts, deficienthealth and  s a fe ty conditi o ns,  a nd sexi st recr uitme n t proce dures, no t to spea kof d e t rim ental effe cts to t heir educ a tion. Mo re ge ner ally,we  sh ouldbe ala r med  that  child re n whoworkma inly car ry out unskilled and ma nual l abour , a re poorly  pa i d,acquire l imit ed recogni sab leskill s,j eopar dise th eir educa tion a l attainm e nt , s u s ta in accident a l inj uries , m a y notbe c overed by insuran c e, are often b urde n e d w ith cari ng  duties, and m ayev e n  be recr ui ted by themilitary .S o, wh at isbeingdone to a dd r ess th eseiss ues?

Can  th el aw help  u s? 
The c urre nt  legal  frame w orko n  child work in E nglan d and W a les  is c on stitute d  bya fairly o utdated and  fragm ente d ran ge of n or ms, wh ich  i nclude dis p arate sta tutes . It is  i n Pa rtII oftheC h ildre n an dYou ng Person s Ac t  1 93 3  th at w e fin dthemost rele v ant rule s a p plying
assim espero!).





Por_enquanto tudo_que temos são especulações!_Mas o_que_você acha_que_vai acontecer daqui_para frente em_Skam Espanha 3ª Temporada?_E como vai_ser_o desenrolar desse relacionamento abusivo da Nora? Despite missing from the public debate, the_rights_and needs_of_children_active in the labour market_are in desperate need of_reform. Nuno_Ferreira outlines the shortcomings of the current framework,_and_explains how policymakers_and academics could – and should – come to_the rescue.

Judged by the level of_political debate, public_policy_and_academic literature, the work_of children (under-18s) in England and_Wales is neither of interest nor_of concern. And yet the absence of_this topic from the policy agenda_is far from indicative of_its lack_of relevance or timeliness. In_fact, figures from_the Labour_Force Survey suggest_that about a third of young_people aged 16-17_are active in the labour market._Many_of these young_people,_and_others even_younger, work illegally_for_a range_of_reasons: because of the number of_hours_worked, their age, the type of work_carried out, the time_of_day worked, or because_they lack a work permit.

Indeed,_in 2013, Nils Muižnieks – the_Council of_Europe’s Commissioner_for Human Rights – reported on children working long hours in_the UK as a consequence of_the 2008 economic crisis._And in_2015,_at a seminar_held_in Liverpool,_several children of high school age spoke_candidly about_practices of dubious legality that they_experienced at work, including_low_pay, informal work arrangements, deficient health_and safety conditions, and sexist recruitment_procedures, not to speak of_detrimental_effects_to their education. More generally,_we should be alarmed that children_who work mainly_carry out unskilled and manual labour, are_poorly_paid, acquire limited recognisable skills, jeopardise_their_educational attainment, sustain accidental injuries, may_not_be_covered by insurance, are often_burdened with caring duties, and may_even be recruited by the military. So, what is_being done to_address these issues?

Can the law_help_us?

The_current legal framework on child work in England and Wales_is constituted_by a fairly_outdated and fragmented range of norms, which include disparate statutes._It is in Part II of the_Children and Young Persons Act 1933 that we find the most_relevant rules applying