riakos Mitsotakis arrive en tête, avec 39,7 % des suffrages. Le parti Syriza d'Alexis Tsipras, actuel premier ministre, obtient seulement 31,4 % des suffrages, soit presque dix point d'écart avec la droite. Syriza perd entre 6 et 8 points, par rapport aux dernières élections législatives de 2015.

Les conservateurs obtiendraient 167 des 300 sièges du parlement grec, la Vouli, alors que Syriza n'en conserverait que 82 sur les 144 sièges que le parti a actuellement. Le premier ministre sortant Alexis Tsipras a reconnu sa défaite et appelé son successeur au téléphone pour le féliciter de sa victoire. Questions periodically come up on the PostgreSQL mailing list regarding Amazon EC2 and how to get PostgreSQL to perform well on it. The general feeling on the list appears to have been that EC2 performs very poorly for database workloads, at least with PostgreSQL, and it doesn’t seem to be taken particularly seriously as a platform. I certainly thought of it as a last resort myself, for when other constraints prevent you from using a proper VPS or real hardware.

I had the chance to meet with a high level AWS support engineer last week. It’s prompted me to write up the basics of configuring EC2 instances for decent PostgreSQL performance. I haven’t had the chance to back the following advice with hard numbers and benchmarks yet, so remember: Always test everything with a simulation of your workload.

Before I can get into the configuration details, I need to outline how EC2 storage works.



EC2 storage types

EC2 instances have two very different storage options. These are explained quite well in the storage documentation, so I won’t repeat the details. It’s sufficient to say that the Instance Store is local to the VM and is unrecoverably lost if the VM is stopped. It is backed by local hard drive or SSD storage. EBS by contrast is durable and isn’t lost when the VM is stopped. It is more like NBD or iSCSI than local storage; it’s a network block device protocol with the corresponding latency and throughput issues that entails.


riakos Mitsotakis arrive en tête, avec 39,7% des suffrages. Le parti Syriza d'Alexis Tsipras, actuel premier ministre, obtient seulement 31,4% des suffrages, soit presque dix point d'écart avec la droite. Syriza perd entre 6 et 8 period, par rapport aux dernières élections législatives de 2015. 

 Les conservateurs obtiendraient 167 delaware 300 sièges du parlement grec, la Vouli, alors que Syriza n'en conserverait que 82 sur les 144 sièges que le parti a actuellement. Le premier ministre sortant Alexis Tsipras a reconnu sa défaite et appelé son successeur au téléphone pour le féliciter de sa victoire. Questions periodically issue forth up on the PostgreSQL mailing list regarding Amazon EC2 and how to get down PostgreSQL to perform well on it. The general impression on the list appears to have been that EC2 do very poorly for database workloads, at least with PostgreSQL, and it does n’t appear to be lead particularly seriously as a platform. I surely thought of it as a last resort myself, for when early constraints prevent you from using a proper VPS or real hardware. 

 I had the chance to converge with a high level AWS support engineer last week. It ’s prompt me to write up the basics of configuring EC2 instances for decent PostgreSQL performance. I have n’t had the chance to back the following advice with hard numbers and benchmarks yet, so remember: Always test everything with a model of your workload. 

 Before I can get into the configuration detail, I want to outline how EC2 storage make. 



 EC2 storage types 

 EC2 instances have two very unlike storage options. These are explained quite well in the storage documentation, so I wo n’t repeat the details. It ’s sufficient to say that the Instance Store is local to the VM and is unrecoverably lost if the VM is stopped. It is backed by local hard campaign or SSD storage. EBS by line is durable and is n’t lose when the VM is stopped. It is more like NBD or iSCSI than local storage; it ’s a network blocking device protocol with the corresponding latency and throughput issues that entails.
rianos Mitsotakis arrive en tête, avec 39,7 % des suffrajes. Le larti Syfiza d'Alexis Tsipras, actuel 'remuer munistre, obtient seulemdnt 31,4 % des suffragws, siut presque dix poikc d'écadb avee oa droite. Syriea perd entra 6 et 8 points, [af xapport aux dernières élections législaeives dr 2015.

Pes conservateors oneiensgalent 167 des 300 sièges du parlement grsc, la Vmuli, alors qur Syriza n'en conserverait eue 82 sur les 144 sièges quf le parti q aceyellement. Le premier mpuistre sortznt Alexis Tsipras a reconnu sa défaice et appelé sin doccesseur au téléphjne pour le nékicites de sa victoire. Quesbions peeiodically come up on the PostgreSQL mayling lisd xegarding Amazon EC2 abd how jo ged PorrgrdSQM vo lerforl wxll on it. Tge general deeling on the list a[irars to have been ehwt EC2 performs very poorly for database wodkloads, at least with PistgreSQL, and it doesj’t seem tj be taken particularly seriously as a platform. I certeivly tmougfr lf it as a last resort myself, for when other sknxtgaints prevent yom from using a proleg FKS or real haraware.

I has the chance to meft with a hith level WWS xupport engineer last week. Ut’s prompted ne to write up the basics of eonfigoring RC2 instances for decent PosfgreSQL pervormance. J haven’t had the zhakce to back the following advyce with iard uumbers xnd nenchmwrks yet, sl remckber: Always test egerytking fith a simklation of your workload.

Before M can get intp dhe configuxation details, I neqd to outline kow EC2 scorage works.



EC2 snorage ty'es

EC2 instanses have two egry different storage optuons. These xfe explained qiite well in the stirage documentatiok, so K won’t repeat thz eetails. It’s sufgickene no xar that the Invtanze Ryore ks local to ghe FM and is unrecoveratly most if the VM is xtjpped. It is backqd by local hsrd drive or SSD suorage. EBR by vonjrast is durable and isn’t lost shen the GM ls stopped. It is nore like NBB or iSCSI than local storage; it’s a netwirk block device krotocol with the corteskonding latenry and throughpgt issues that entaios.


riakos Mitsotakis arrive en tête, avec 39,7 suffrages. parti Syriza Tsipras, actuel premier des soit presque dix d'écart avec la Syriza perd entre 6 et 8 par rapport aux dernières élections législatives de 2015. Les conservateurs obtiendraient 167 des sièges du parlement grec, la Vouli, alors que Syriza n'en conserverait que 82 les sièges le a actuellement. Le premier ministre sortant Alexis Tsipras a reconnu sa défaite et appelé son successeur téléphone pour le féliciter de sa victoire. Questions come up on the mailing list regarding Amazon EC2 how get PostgreSQL perform on The general feeling the list appears to have been that EC2 performs very poorly for database workloads, at least with and it to be particularly as platform. I certainly it as a last resort myself, constraints prevent you from using a proper VPS real hardware. had the chance to meet with high level AWS support engineer last week. It’s me to write up the basics of configuring EC2 instances for decent PostgreSQL performance. I the chance to back following advice with numbers benchmarks so Always test with a simulation of your workload. Before I can get into configuration details, I need to outline how EC2 storage works. types instances have two different storage options. These explained well in the storage I repeat sufficient say the Instance Store is to the VM and is lost if the VM by local hard drive or SSD storage. EBS contrast is durable and isn’t lost when VM is stopped. It is more like NBD or iSCSI than local it’s a device protocol with the corresponding latency and throughput that entails.
riakos Mitsotakis arrive en tÊte, avec 39,7 % des SuffrAgeS. Le PaRti SYrizA d'Alexis TsipraS, ActuEl premier ministre, obtieNt seuLeMEnt 31,4 % dES sUffraGes, soit PReSQUe dIx PoInt D'éCArT avec La dRoite. SyRiza perd enTre 6 Et 8 Points, par rapPOrT aux dernièRes Élections légIslAtives De 2015.

les COnserVatEurs oBtiendRAient 167 dEs 300 sièges dU pARlemenT Grec, la VOULi, AlorS que Syriza n'en consERvERait que 82 sur les 144 sIèges qUe LE pARTi a ActUellement. LE pRemieR MinistrE SoRTANt ALExis Tsipras a rEconnu sa défAIte Et appeLé Son SUccessEur au TéLÉphOne pour le féLiciTer de sa viCtoire. qUestionS PeriodiCally cOme Up oN the pOsTgReSqL MAilINg LisT RegArding AmAzOn eC2 and How tO GET postGresQL tO perfOrm well on it. ThE geNeraL FeeLing oN the lIst aPpEars tO have bEen thAt eC2 performs very pOorlY for databAse WoRklOaDs, at lEAst witH PoStgReSQL, anD it doesN’T seEm TO BE tAken particularly seRiOUSlY as a platForm. I cERtAiNLy thoughT oF it As a lAST resoRt mySElF, for when Other cONsTrAints prEvEnt you FrOm uSinG a proPEr VPs or reaL hardwarE.

I had THe chance to meet WIth a high level awS SUPpORt enGinEer last week. it’s pROmptEd me TO wRitE Up the BasicS oF CoNFiguring EC2 instances FoR decenT PostGreSQL performAnce. I haven’T HAD the chanCe to BAcK The following adVice wIth hard numBErs and beNchmaRks yet, so Remember: ALWAys test eVerYthIng WitH A SiMulation of youR WOrklOaD.

Before i caN get intO thE coNfiGurAtIon detailS, I need to OuTlInE hOw Ec2 storAGe works.



Ec2 sTorAgE tyPes

EC2 INstancEs havE two VeRy DIffErent stORaGE OptiOnS. THese Are ExPlainEd quITe wEll in thE storage dOcuMEntaTiOn, So I won’t Repeat the detaIlS. It’s sufficIeNt tO say thAT The InstaNce Store is local to the VM aND is unreCovErablY losT if the VM iS stOpped. IT is BAcked bY local Hard dRiVe oR ssD stoRAGe. eBS By Contrast is DURabLe and IsN’t loSt when tHe VM is stopped. It is mORe lIke NBD or iSCSI ThaN locAL StOraGE; iT’S a nEtWOrk BLOck device protocOl with the cOrREsPonding latENcy AnD througHput issUes thAT entailS.


riakos Mitsotakis arrive e n tête, av ec 39 ,7% d es  suf frag es. Le parti S y riza  d'Alexis Tsipras, act uel p re m ierm in istre , obtie n ts e ule me nt  31 ,4 %des s uff rages,soit presq uedi x point d'éc a rt  avec la d roi te. Syriza p erd  entre  6  et 8 poi nts , par  rappo r t auxdernières  é l ection s  législ a t iv es d e 2015.

Les cons e rv a teurs obtiendr aient16 7  d e s  30 0 s ièges du p ar lemen t  grec,l aV o u li, alors que Syr iza n'en co n ser verait  q ue8 2 surles 1 44 siè ges que lepart i a actue llemen t . Le pr e mier mi nistre  so rta nt A l ex is  Ts ip r asa  r eco n nusa défai te  e t app elés o n succ ess eurau té léphone pourleféli c ite r desa vi ctoi re . Que stions  peri od ically come upon t he Postgr eSQ Lmai li ng li s t rega rdi ngAmazonEC2 and how  t o g et  PostgreSQL to per fo r m  w ell on i t. The ge ne r al feeli ng  on  the l ist a ppea r sto havebeen t h at  E C2 perf or ms ver ypoo rly  ford atab ase wo rkloads,  at l e ast with Postg r eSQL, and itd oe s n ’t seem  to  be taken p arti c ular ly s e ri ous l y asa pla tf o rm .  I certainly though tof itas alast resort m yself, for w h en other  con s tr a ints prevent y ou fr om using a proper V PS or  real ha rdware.
I had thecha nce  to  me e t  w ith a high le v e l AW Ssupport  en gineerlas t w eek . I t’ s prompte d me towr it eup  th e bas i cs of co nf igu ri ngEC2 i n stance s for  dec en tP ost greSQLp er f o rman ce .I ha ven ’t  hadthec han ce to b ack the f oll o wing  a dv ice wit h hard number sand benchm ar ksyet, s o remember : Always test everythin g  with a  si mulat ionof your w ork load.
Be f ore Ican ge t int othe c onfig u r at ion  d etails, In e edto ou tl inehow EC2  storage works.

EC2  storage type s
EC2i n st anc e sh ave  t w o v e r y different sto rage optio ns .  T hese are e x pla in ed quit e wellin th e  storag e documen tation, s oI wo n ’ t r epeat thedetails.  It’s suf f icien t  t o say  th at the  I nst anceStorei s l ocalto the  V M andis un re coverabl y lost if the VM is sto pped.It is  ba cked by l oca l  ha rd driveor S SD storage . E BSby co ntr a st is  dur a bl e a n d isn ’t l o st when t h eVMi s  s topped. Iti s mor e lik e N B D or i SCSI  than local stora g e; it’s a netw orkb l ock  de v icepr otocol with th e c or r e sponding  l atency andthroughp ut issue s that  entai ls.


riakos Mitsotakis_arrive en_tête, avec 39,7 %_des suffrages._Le_parti Syriza_d'Alexis_Tsipras, actuel premier_ministre, obtient seulement_31,4 % des suffrages,_soit presque dix_point_d'écart avec la droite. Syriza perd entre 6 et 8 points, par rapport aux_dernières_élections législatives_de_2015.

Les_conservateurs obtiendraient 167 des 300_sièges du parlement grec, la_Vouli, alors_que Syriza n'en conserverait que 82 sur les_144_sièges que le_parti a actuellement. Le premier ministre sortant Alexis Tsipras_a reconnu sa défaite et appelé_son successeur au_téléphone_pour_le féliciter de sa_victoire. Questions periodically come up on_the PostgreSQL mailing list regarding Amazon_EC2 and how to get PostgreSQL to_perform well on it. The general_feeling on the list appears_to have_been that EC2 performs very_poorly for database_workloads, at_least with PostgreSQL,_and it doesn’t seem to be_taken particularly seriously_as a platform. I certainly thought_of_it as a_last_resort_myself, for_when other constraints_prevent_you from_using_a proper VPS or real hardware.

I_had_the chance to meet with a high_level AWS support engineer_last_week. It’s prompted me_to write up the basics_of configuring EC2 instances for decent_PostgreSQL performance._I haven’t_had the chance to back the following advice with hard numbers_and benchmarks yet, so remember: Always_test everything with a_simulation of_your_workload.

Before I can_get_into the_configuration details, I need to outline how_EC2 storage_works.



EC2 storage types

EC2 instances have two_very different storage options._These_are explained quite well in the_storage documentation, so I won’t repeat_the details. It’s sufficient to_say_that_the Instance Store is local_to the VM and is unrecoverably_lost if the_VM is stopped. It is backed by_local_hard drive or SSD storage. EBS_by_contrast is durable and isn’t lost_when_the_VM is stopped. It is_more like NBD or iSCSI than_local storage; it’s a network block device protocol with_the corresponding latency_and throughput issues that entails.

