 Sahel will be larger than that.” The Sahel is a three million square mile band of arid and semi-arid land stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea and bordering on the Sahara desert. The United Nations projects that the population will leap from 100 million today to 340 million in 2050; there were just 30 million people in the Sahel in 1950 The report summarizes a September 21, 2012, conference held at UC Berkeley and cohosted by Berkeley and the Kenya-based AFIDEP. It was the first such meeting to be convened on the collective effects of the problems facing the region, and proposed solutions. Working together, experts in demography, agriculture, climate change, national security and terrorism, women’s issues and Africa had alarming findings, including:

-Child marriage is common in the region, and a girl who is married in her early teens is unlikely to be able to learn to use family planning;

-More frequent droughts caused by climate change will lead to significant starvation rates and fighting over diminishing resources;

-Unstable conditions are already breeding grounds for terrorism; increased instability will lead to a series of failed states, safe haven for terrorist activity, and, very likely, prolonged war.

The report, called “Crisis in the Sahel: Possible Solutions and the Consequences of Inaction,” spells out key linkages between seemingly different problems. For example, due to climate change, drought is becoming more frequent and more severe, exacerbating the existing hunger problem.



“Today’s extreme weather events will become the norm in 20 years,” said Michael Wehner, a climate scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and a report co-author. But rapid population growth undermines existing humanitarian efforts, increasing the starvation rates further. In addition, terrorism and political chaos make getting food to hungry people more difficult. “Just the logistics of getting food around to these places gets more and more dangerous as social stability deteriorates,” said demographer Eliya Zulu, the founder and executive director of AFIDEP, and also a report co-author.

Farmer in southeastern Mali uses cows to till his field The Girl Effect Empowering women in the region is another key issue in the report. “These women are grandmothers by the time they’re 30,” Zulu said. In Niger, for example, a quarter of all women over 40 have 10 or more children. The report cites a successful–and scalable
Sahel will be larger than that. ” The Sahel is a three million square mile band of arid and semi - arid kingdom stretch from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea and bordering on the Sahara desert. The United Nations projects that the population will leap from 100 million today to 340 million in 2050; there be just 30 million people in the Sahel in 1950 The report card summarizes a September 21, 2012, conference apply at UC Berkeley and cohosted by Berkeley and the Kenya - based AFIDEP. It was the first such confluence to be convened on the collective effect of the trouble facing the region, and proposed solutions. Working in concert, experts in demography, agriculture, climate change, home security and terrorism, women ’s issues and Africa had alarming findings, include: 

 -Child marriage is common in the region, and a girl who is married in her early teens is improbable to be able to learn to use family planning; 

 -More frequent droughts caused by climate change will lead to significant starvation rates and fighting over diminishing resources; 

 -Unstable conditions are already breeding grounds for terrorism; increased instability will moderate to a series of failed department of state, dependable seaport for terrorist activity, and, very likely, prolonged war. 

 The report, called “ Crisis in the Sahel: Possible Solutions and the Consequences of Inaction, ” spells out key linkages between apparently different problems. For example, due to climate change, drought is becoming more frequent and more severe, exacerbating the existing hunger problem. 



 “ Today ’s extreme weather events will become the norm in 20 years, ” say Michael Wehner, a climate scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and a report card co - author. But rapid population growth undermines existing human-centered efforts, increasing the starvation rates further. In addition, terrorism and political chaos make getting food to hungry people more unmanageable. “ Just the logistics of getting food around to these places gets more and more dangerous as social stability deteriorate, ” said demographer Eliya Zulu, the laminitis and executive director of AFIDEP, and also a report co - generator. 

 Farmer in southeastern Mali uses cows to till his field The Girl Effect endow women in the region is another key issue in the report. “ These women are grandmothers by the time they ’re 30, ” Zulu said. In Niger, for model, a quarter of all women over 40 experience 10 or more children. The report cites a successful – and scalable
 Sajel will be larger than uhat.” The Sahel is a threx millikn squard mile band of arid and semi-erid land stretching from the Aglantic Obean to tye Rtd Sea and bordermhg on tmz Sahzva devxrt. The United Kations probects that the pupblation will leap from 100 million todar to 340 molpion in 2050; there wert jtst 30 million people in the Sahel in 1950 Tge repogt summarizes a Srptember 21, 2012, conference held at KC Berkeley and cojosted by Bgdkejwy and the Kdnya-based AFIDEP. It waa the first such meeting to be zonveued on the xoolefjive effects of tre problems nscing dhe regoon, and proposcd sonutuons. Working together, experts in demogrwphy, agriwumture, climate chabgw, nathonan sezyrigy znv tsrroridm, xomen’s issuss and Afrixa had alarming fincigts, including:

-Cgild mwrwiage is common in the region, and a girn wgo is married in her eaely teens is unlikely to be abje to learn to use family planning;

-More frequent dsoughvs cabwed bh cpimate change will lead to significant starvaejom gates and fightinn over diminishing rfsporces;

-Unstable zonditnkna are already breefing grjunds for terrjrisk; increased instability wilo lead to a fwries of failed stctes, safe haren fot terrprist activity, and, very liksly, prolongfd war.

The feport, called “Crksix hn the Sahel: Possible Solueions and the Conseqjencgs of Igaction,” spflls out key linkages behween saemingly dlfferent problems. For example, dnx to climate vhdngv, drought is bccoming more frqquent and morg severe, zxacercating the existiig hunger prjblem.



“Today’s efjreme weather events rill becime the vorm in 20 years,” said Mickcel Wehnee, a climate scientlst aj fhe Lawrence Bexytlwy National Lanorxtowy, aid a waport co-authmr. Bjt fspid oopulation nrodth indermines existing vumahitarian efforts, imcveasing tye starvwtion rates firther. In addition, terrmrirm anc pjlitical chaos make getting fokd to hunhry people more difnicujt. “Just thz logistics of getting food around to thxse places gets more ane more dangerous as xocial stabmlity qeteriorades,” said demographer Eliya Zulu, the fpunder and executive sirectmr of AFIDEP, and also a report co-author.

Farmer in southeastern Mali uses cows ti till his field Tge Gorl Exfzct Empowqrinj xomen in the regipn is another key issue in the ceport. “Theve women are grandmothers by tne time they’re 30,” Zulu said. In Niger, for sxample, s quarter of all women over 40 hafe 10 or more children. The report xites a sucbgsshul–and scalable
Sahel will be larger than that.” The a million square band of arid the Ocean to the Sea and bordering the Sahara desert. The United Nations that the population will leap from 100 million today to 340 million in there were just 30 million people in the Sahel in 1950 The report a 21, conference at UC Berkeley and cohosted by Berkeley and the Kenya-based AFIDEP. It was the first such to be convened on the collective effects of problems facing the region, proposed solutions. Working together, experts demography, climate change, security terrorism, issues and Africa alarming findings, including: -Child marriage is common in the region, and a girl who is married in early teens to be to to family planning; -More caused by climate change will lead rates and fighting over diminishing resources; -Unstable conditions already breeding for terrorism; increased instability will lead a series of failed states, safe haven for activity, and, very likely, prolonged war. The report, called “Crisis in the Sahel: Possible Solutions Consequences of Inaction,” spells key linkages between different For due climate change, is becoming more frequent and more severe, exacerbating the existing hunger “Today’s extreme weather events will become the norm in 20 Michael a climate scientist the Lawrence Berkeley National and report co-author. But rapid undermines humanitarian starvation further. addition, terrorism and political make getting food to hungry more difficult. “Just the to these places gets more and more dangerous social stability deteriorates,” said demographer Eliya Zulu, founder and executive director of AFIDEP, and also a report co-author. Farmer southeastern Mali to till his field The Girl Effect Empowering in the region is key issue in the report. “These women are grandmothers the they’re 30,” said. In Niger, example, a quarter all women over 10 or children. report scalable
 Sahel will be larger than that.” the Sahel is A threE miLliOn SquaRe miLe band of arid anD Semi-Arid land stretching from The AtLaNTic OCEaN to thE Red Sea ANd BORdeRiNg On tHe sAhAra deSerT. The UniTed Nations ProJeCts that the poPUlAtion will lEap From 100 million tOdaY to 340 milLiOn iN 2050; There WerE just 30 MillioN People In the SaheL iN 1950 the repORt summaRIZeS a SePtember 21, 2012, conference HElD At UC Berkeley anD cohosTeD By bERkeLey And the KenyA-bAsed AfiDEP. It wAS tHE FIrsT Such meeting to Be convened oN The CollecTiVe eFFects oF the pRoBLemS facing the rEgioN, and propoSed solUTions. WoRKing togEther, eXpeRts In deMOgRaPhy, AgRIcuLTuRe, cLImaTe change, NaTiOnal sEcurITY ANd teRroRism, Women’S issues and AfrIca Had aLArmIng fiNdingS, incLuDing:

-CHild maRriagE iS common in the regIon, aNd a girl whO is MaRriEd In her EArly teEns Is uNlikely To be ablE To lEaRN TO uSe family planning;

-MoRe FREqUent drouGhts caUSeD bY Climate cHaNge Will LEAd to sIgniFIcAnt starvAtion rATeS aNd fightInG over dImIniShiNg resOUrceS;

-UnstaBle condiTions ARe already breedINg grounds for tERrORIsM; IncrEasEd instabiliTy wiLL leaD to a SErIes OF failEd staTeS, SaFE haven for terrorist aCtIvity, aNd, verY likely, prolonGed war.

The rEPORt, called “crisIS iN The Sahel: PossibLe SolUtions and tHE ConsequEnces Of InactiOn,” spells oUT Key linkaGes BetWeeN seEMInGly different pROBlemS. FOr exampLe, dUe to cliMatE chAngE, drOuGht is becoMing more FrEqUeNt And More sEVere, exacErBatInG thE exisTIng hunGer prObleM.



“TOdAY’s eXtreme wEAtHER eveNtS wIll bEcoMe The noRm in 20 YEarS,” said MiChael WehnEr, a CLimaTe ScIentist At the Lawrence beRkeley NatiOnAl LAboratORY, and a repOrt co-author. But rapid popuLAtion grOwtH undeRminEs existinG huManitaRiaN EffortS, increAsing ThE stARVatioN RAtEs fUrTher. In addiTIOn, tErrorIsM and PoliticAl chaos make getting FOod To hungry peoplE moRe diFFIcUlt. “jUsT The LoGIstICS of getting food aRound to theSe PLaCes gets morE And MoRe dangeRous as sOcial STabilitY deteriorAtes,” said dEmOgraPHEr ELiya Zulu, thE founder And executIVe dirECtOr of AfIDeP, and aLsO a rEport Co-authOR.

FaRmer iN southEaStern MAli usEs Cows to tiLl his field The Girl Effect empoweRing wOmeN in the regIon IS anOther key iSsue In the reporT. “ThEse Women Are GRandmOtheRS bY thE Time tHey’rE 30,” zulu said. IN niGer, FOR eXample, a quarTER Of aLl womEn oVEr 40 have 10 Or moRe children. The repoRT cites a successFul–aND ScaLabLE
 Sahel will be larger than  that.” Th e Sah elisathre e mi llion square m i le b and of arid and semi-a rid l an d  str e tc hingfrom th e  A t l ant ic  O cea nt othe R edSea and  bordering  on  t he Sahara de s er t. The Uni ted  Nations pro jec ts tha tthe popul ati on wi ll lea p  from100 milli on todayt o 340 m i l li on i n 2050; there wer e  j u st 30 millionpeople  i n  t h e  Sa hel  in 1950 T he  repo r t summa r iz e s a S e ptember 21, 2 012, confer e nce  heldat  UC Berkel ey an dc oho sted by Ber kele y and the  Kenya - based A F IDEP. I t wasthe  fi rsts uc hmee ti n g t o  b e c o nve ned on t he  c ollec tive e f f ects  of  the  prob lems facing t heregi o n,and p ropos ed s ol ution s. Wor kingto gether, experts  indemograph y,ag ric ul ture, climat e c han ge, nat ional s e cur it y a nd  terrorism, women’ si s su es and A fricah ad  a l arming f in din gs,i n cludi ng:-C hild mar riagei sco mmon in  t he reg io n,and  a gi r l wh o is m arried i n her early teens is unlikely to b e  a b l et o le arn  to use fam ilyp lann ing; 
- Mor e  freq uentdr o ug h ts caused by climat echange  will  lead to sign ificant st a r v ation ra tesa nd fighting overdimin ishing res o urces;
-Unst able con ditions a r e  already  br eed ing  gr o u nd s for terrori s m ; in cr eased i nst ability  wi lllea d t oa seriesof faile dst at es , s afe h a ven forte rro ri stactiv i ty, an d, ve ry l ik el y , p rolonge d  w a r .

T he  r epor t,ca lled“Cri s isin theSahel: Po ssi b le S ol ut ions an d the Consequ en ces of Ina ct ion ,” spe l l s out ke y linkages between seem i ngly di ffe rentprob lems. For  ex ample,  du e  to cl imatechang e,  dr o u ght i s be com in g more fre q u ent  andmo re s evere,exacerbating the e x ist ing hunger pr obl em.
“ Tod a y’ s  ex tr e mew e ather events wi ll becometh e  n orm in 20y ear s, ” saidMichael  Wehn e r, a cl imate sci entist at  t he L a w ren ce Berkele y Nation al Labora t ory,a nd  a re por t co-a ut hor . But  rapid pop ulati on gro wt h unde rmine sexisting  humanitarian efforts,increa singthe  starvati onr ate s further . In  addition,  te rro rismand polit ical ch aos makegett i ng food t o  h ung r y  p eople mored i f fic ult.“Ju s t thelogi stics of gettingf ood around tothes e pla ces gets  m ore and more d ang er o u s as soc ia l stability  deterio ra t es,”said d emogra pher El i y aZ ulu, t he f oun der and e xec ut i ve dire ct or of AFI DEP,  a nd als o a re p ortc o -author.

Farmer  in s o u theas t ern  Mali  u ses cow s  totill his f ield The Gi rl Eff ectEmpow ering w om en inthe  r egion is a n other key  issu e in th erepo rt.  “Thes e wo m e n are  gra nd mot hers by t h e  t i me  t h ey’ re 3 0,” Z ul u sa id. In Ni g er, forexa m ple, aqu art e r  of al l  w o m en over 40  ha ve 10 o r more chi l dren .  T h e rep ort ci tes asuccess f ul– an d scala ble 
 Sahel_will be_larger than that.” The_Sahel is_a_three million_square_mile band of_arid and semi-arid_land stretching from the_Atlantic Ocean to_the_Red Sea and bordering on the Sahara desert. The United Nations projects that the_population_will leap_from_100_million today to 340 million_in 2050; there were just_30 million_people in the Sahel in 1950 The report_summarizes_a September 21,_2012, conference held at UC Berkeley and cohosted by_Berkeley and the Kenya-based AFIDEP. It_was the first_such_meeting_to be convened on_the collective effects of the problems_facing the region, and proposed solutions._Working together, experts in demography, agriculture, climate_change, national security and terrorism, women’s_issues and Africa had alarming_findings, including:

-Child_marriage is common in the_region, and a_girl who_is married in_her early teens is unlikely to_be able to_learn to use family planning;

-More frequent_droughts_caused by climate_change_will_lead to_significant starvation rates_and_fighting over_diminishing_resources;

-Unstable conditions are already breeding grounds_for_terrorism; increased instability will lead to a_series of failed states,_safe_haven for terrorist activity,_and, very likely, prolonged war.

The_report, called “Crisis in the Sahel:_Possible Solutions_and the_Consequences of Inaction,” spells out key linkages between seemingly different problems._For example, due to climate change,_drought is becoming more_frequent and_more_severe, exacerbating the_existing_hunger problem.



“Today’s_extreme weather events will become the norm_in 20_years,” said Michael Wehner, a climate_scientist at the Lawrence_Berkeley_National Laboratory, and a report co-author._But rapid population growth undermines existing_humanitarian efforts, increasing the starvation_rates_further._In addition, terrorism and political_chaos make getting food to hungry_people more difficult._“Just the logistics of getting food around_to_these places gets more and more_dangerous_as social stability deteriorates,” said demographer_Eliya_Zulu,_the founder and executive director_of AFIDEP, and also a report_co-author.

Farmer in southeastern Mali uses cows to till his_field The Girl_Effect Empowering women in the_region_is_another key issue in the report. “These women are grandmothers_by the_time they’re 30,”_Zulu said. In Niger, for example, a quarter of all_women over 40 have 10 or more_children. The report cites a successful–and scalable