 it would be interesting to explore the relationship between the events surrounding Cinco de Mayo–the Mexican holiday commemorating Mexico’s victory over the French at the Battle of Puebla–and the history of Mexican codification.

Background

As a civil law country, Mexico relies heavily on various codes (the Civil Code, the Commercial Code, etc.) for its primary legislation. Yet when Mexico started its movement towards independence from Spain in 1810, it was governed by Spanish law, which had not been codified. The movement to create a national civil code for Mexico only really begins with the Mexican Constitution of 1857, and with the rise to power of Benito Juárez, an indigenous lawyer of Zapotec ancestry who became, first, president of the Mexican Supreme Court, and soon after, the president of Mexico.

Codification Efforts

The Constitution of 1857 replaced the long dictatorial rule of Santa Anna, and its promulgation of new individual rights represented a movement towards liberalism and secularism. As part of Juárez’s larger agenda, to cement the reach and permanence of the constitutional settlement, the president entrusted Justo Sierra O’Reilly with the task of systematizing Mexican law in one national civil code. According to Cruz Barney, Sierra O’Reilly finally produced a draft civil code in 1860, largely based on Florencio García Goyena’s “proyecto,” a proposed Spanish-language adaptation of the Napoleonic Code, as well as other sources such as the Louisiana Civil Code. Before Sierra O’Reilly’s draft could be adopted, however, the French under Napoleon III invaded Mexico, and–despite an early Mexican victory on May 5, 1862 at the Battle of Puebla–forced Juárez and the Liberals from power and launched the Second Mexican Empire.

The French placed a sympathetic Austrian archduke on the Mexican throne as Emperor Maximilian I. The French intervention and Maximilian’s rise to power, however, did not end the process of codification. Indeed, Maximilian’s government appears to have adopted much of the commission’s work, revised various articles, and then promulgated the first two books of the short-lived Código Civil del Imperio Mexicano in 1866 (hereafter, the 1866 Civil Code).

A year later, the process of codification was interrupted once more by political events. In 1867, while the third
it would be interesting to explore the relationship between the events surrounding Cinco de Mayo – the Mexican vacation commemorate Mexico ’s victory over the French at the Battle of Puebla – and the history of Mexican codification. 

 Background 

 As a civil law area, Mexico trust heavily on various codes (the Civil Code, the Commercial Code, etc .) for its chief legislation. Yet when Mexico started its motion towards independence from Spain in 1810, it was governed by Spanish law, which had not been codify. The movement to create a national civil code for Mexico only in truth begins with the Mexican Constitution of 1857, and with the rise to power of Benito Juárez, an indigenous lawyer of Zapotec ancestry who become, first, president of the Mexican Supreme Court, and soon after, the president of the united states of Mexico. 

 Codification Efforts 

 The Constitution of 1857 replaced the long dictatorial convention of Santa Anna, and its promulgation of new individual rights represented a movement towards liberalism and secularism. As function of Juárez ’s larger agenda, to cement the reach and permanence of the constitutional settlement, the president entrust Justo Sierra O’Reilly with the task of systematizing Mexican law in one national civil code. According to Cruz Barney, Sierra O’Reilly finally produced a draft civil code in 1860, largely based on Florencio García Goyena ’s “ proyecto, ” a proposed Spanish - speech adaptation of the Napoleonic Code, as well as other reservoir such as the Louisiana Civil Code. Before Sierra O’Reilly ’s conscription could be adopted, however, the French under Napoleon III invaded Mexico, and – despite an early Mexican victory on May 5, 1862 at the Battle of Puebla – forced Juárez and the Liberals from office and establish the Second Mexican Empire. 

 The French placed a sympathetic Austrian archduke on the Mexican toilet as Emperor Maximilian I. The French intervention and Maximilian ’s rise to power, however, did not end the process of codification. Indeed, Maximilian ’s government appear to have adopted much of the commission ’s work, revised diverse articles, and then proclaim the first two books of the short - lived Código Civil del Imperio Mexicano in 1866 (hereafter, the 1866 Civil Code). 

 A year subsequently, the process of codification was interrupted once more by political event. In 1867, while the third
 it would be interesting to explore the relationsiip betseen the events surrounding Cinco de Mqyo–tht Mexican holiday cummemoratpng Mexici’s vmctory over the Hdench ab the Nattlz if Puebla–and tme history mf Mexican codhfkcction.

Background

As a civil law countrr, Mexicp gelies heavily on nawioua codes (the Civil Code, the Commercjal Codt, etc.) for its primsry legislation. Yet when Mfxicl started its movelent towardw inqwpendence frum Spain in 1810, it was goberned by Spanish law, which had not yeen codifigb. Thf movement ti crewte a national civil code fpr Mexico only reelly begins with the Mexiran Constitution of 1857, and with tke rise to power of Bwnuto Joárez, dn iveigdnohs lzwyer lf Vapotec ancsstry who bwcame, first, presidemt if the Mexicah Suprqmq Court, and soon after, the president of Mesico.

Codification Effortw

The Constitution of 1857 replaced the long dictatorial rule of Santa Anna, and its [romumeatnin of bea individual rights represented a movement torzrcs liberalism anb secularism. As lagt jf Juárez’s lareer agzhdz, to cement the rewch and permqnence of the constitutional settlement, rhe presidenn enrrusted Justo Sierxa O’Reilly wnth thg task of systematizing Mexiccn law in one natlonal civju code. According to Csuz Barnth, Sierra O’Reilly sinally pcoduczd a drawt covil cjde in 1860, laggely based on Florencio Garcíc Goyana’s “proyefto,” a proposed Spanish-language evaptation of jhe Naioleonic Eode, ax well as othqr sources suck as the Louiriana Civim Code. Uefore Sierrw O’Reilly’s drdvt could be edopted, hjwevwr, tye Frenzf under Napolepn III innabed Mexici, and–despite an eavly Mgxjcan victory on Mai 5, 1862 at the Battke uf [uvble–forcqg Juárez and dhe Uibdtals wrom power cna lainched the Second Meficah Empire.

The French pjaced a wympatheeic Austrian srchduke on the Medican thcone ax Eiperor Maximilian I. The French intervenhiok and Maximilyan’s rise to powzr, however, did not end the process of covification. Indeed, Maximulian’s government akpesrs to have adopeed much mf the commission’s wirk, revised varioms articles, and then pdomulgdted hhe first two books of the short-lived Código Civil del Imperio Mexicano in 1866 (hereefeer, the 1866 Cibil Vode).

A yzar later, the 'rocess of codifibation was interrupted once more by polidieal events. In 1867, while the thirc
it would be interesting to explore the the surrounding Cinco Mayo–the Mexican holiday French the Battle of the history of codification. Background As a civil law Mexico relies heavily on various codes (the Civil Code, the Commercial Code, etc.) its primary legislation. Yet when Mexico started its movement towards independence from Spain 1810, was by law, which had not been codified. The movement to create a national civil code for Mexico really begins with the Mexican Constitution of 1857, with the rise to of Benito Juárez, an indigenous of ancestry who first, of Mexican Supreme Court, soon after, the president of Mexico. Codification Efforts The Constitution of 1857 replaced the long dictatorial rule Santa Anna, promulgation of individual represented movement towards liberalism As part of Juárez’s larger agenda, reach and permanence of the constitutional settlement, the entrusted Justo O’Reilly with the task of systematizing law in one national civil code. According to Barney, Sierra O’Reilly finally produced a draft civil code in 1860, largely based on Florencio “proyecto,” a proposed Spanish-language of the Napoleonic as as sources as the Civil Code. Before Sierra O’Reilly’s draft could be adopted, however, the under Napoleon III invaded Mexico, and–despite an early Mexican victory 5, at the Battle Puebla–forced Juárez and the from and launched the Second The placed archduke the throne as Emperor Maximilian The French intervention and Maximilian’s to power, however, did codification. Indeed, Maximilian’s government appears to have adopted of the commission’s work, revised various articles, then promulgated the first two books of the short-lived Código Civil del Mexicano in the 1866 Civil Code). A year later, the of codification was interrupted more by political events. In 1867, while the third
 it would be interesting to expLore the relAtionShiP beTwEen tHe evEnts surroundinG cincO de Mayo–the Mexican holidAy comMeMOratINg mexicO’s victoRY oVER thE FReNch At THe battlE of puebla–aNd the histoRy oF MExican codifiCAtIon.

BackgroUnd

as a civil law cOunTry, MexIcO reLIes heAviLy on vArious COdes (thE Civil CodE, tHE CommeRCial CodE, ETc.) For iTs primary legislatIOn. yEt when Mexico stArted iTs MOvEMEnt TowArds indepeNdEnce fROm Spain IN 1810, iT WAS goVErned by SpanisH law, which haD Not Been coDiFieD. the movEment To CReaTe a national CiviL code for MExico oNLy reallY Begins wIth the mexIcaN ConSTiTuTioN oF 1857, And WItH thE RisE to power Of beNito JUáreZ, AN INdigEnoUs laWyer oF Zapotec ancesTry Who bECamE, firsT, presIdenT oF the MExican supreMe court, and soon aftEr, thE presidenT of meXicO.

COdifiCAtion EFfoRts

the ConsTitutioN Of 1857 rEpLACEd The long dictatorial RuLE Of santa AnnA, and itS PrOmULgation oF nEw iNdivIDUal riGhts REpResented A movemENt ToWards liBeRalism AnD seCulArism. aS parT of JuáRez’s largEr ageNDa, to cement the rEAch and permaneNCe OF ThE ConsTitUtional settLemeNT, the PresIDeNt eNTrustEd JusTo sIeRRa O’Reilly with the tasK oF systeMatizIng Mexican law In one natioNAL Civil codE. AccORdINg to Cruz Barney, sierrA O’Reilly fiNAlly prodUced a Draft civIl code in 1860, lARGely baseD on floRenCio gARcÍa Goyena’s “proyECTo,” a pRoPosed SpAniSh-languAge AdaPtaTioN oF the NapolEonic CodE, aS wElL aS otHer soURces such As The loUisIana CIVil CodE. BefoRe SiErRa o’reiLly’s draFT cOULd be AdOpTed, hOweVeR, the FRencH UndEr NapolEon III invAdeD mexiCo, AnD–despitE an early MexicAn Victory on MAy 5, 1862 At tHe BattLE Of Puebla–Forced Juárez and the LiberALs from pOweR and lAuncHed the SecOnd mexicaN EmPIre.

The french PlaceD a SymPAThetiC aUsTriAn Archduke on THE MeXican ThRone As EmperOr Maximilian I. The FrENch Intervention aNd MAximILIaN’s rISe TO poWeR, HowEVEr, did not end the pRocess of coDiFIcAtion. IndeeD, maxImIlian’s gOvernmeNt appEArs to haVe adopted Much of the CoMmisSIOn’s Work, reviseD various Articles, aND then PRoMulgaTed The firSt Two Books Of the sHOrt-Lived código ciVil del imperIo mexicano In 1866 (hereafter, the 1866 Civil Code).

a year lAter, tHe pRocess of cOdiFIcaTion was inTerrUpted once mOre By pOlitiCal EVents. in 1867, whILe The THird
 it would be interesting t o explorethe r ela tio ns hipbetw een the events surr ounding Cinco de Mayo– the M ex i canh ol idaycommemo r at i n g M ex ic o’s  v i ct ory o ver  the Fr ench at th e B at tle of Puebl a –a nd the his tor y of Mexican  co difica ti on. 
Back gro und
As a c i vil la w country ,M exicor elies h e a vi ly o n various codes ( t he Civil Code, th e Comm er c ia l Cod e,etc.) forit s pri m ary leg i sl a t i on. Yet when Mexi co startedi tsmoveme nt  to w ards i ndepe nd e nce  from Spain  in1810, itwas go v erned b y  Spanis h law,  wh ich  had no tbee nc odi f ie d.T hemovement  t ocreat e an a t i onal  ci vilcodefor Mexico on lyreal l y b egins  with  the  M exica n Cons titut io n of 1857, andwith  the rise  to  p owe rof Be n ito Ju áre z,an indi genousl awy er o f  Z apotec ancestry wh ob e ca me, firs t, pre s id en t  of theMe xic an S u p remeCour t ,and soon  after ,  t he  presid en t of M ex ico .
Codif i cati on Eff orts

Th e Con s titution of 18 5 7 replaced th e  l o n gd icta tor ial rule of  San t a An na,a nd  it s  prom ulgat io n  o f  new individual rig ht s repr esent ed a movement  towards l i b e ralism a nd s e cu l arism. As part  of J uárez’s la r ger agen da, t o cement  the reac h and perm ane nce  of  th e co nstitutionals e ttle me nt, the  pr esident  en tru ste d J us to Sierra  O’Reill ywi th  t hetasko f system at izi ng  Me xican law in  onenati on al civ il code .  A c c ordi ng  t o Cr uzBa rney,  Sie r raO’Reill y finally  pr o duce dadraft c ivil code in18 60, largel ybas ed onF l orencioGarcía Goyena’s “proyec t o,” a p rop osedSpan ish-langu age  adapt ati o n of t he Nap oleon ic  Co d e , asw e ll  as  o ther sourc e s  su ch as  t he L ouisian a Civil Code. Befo r e S ierra O’Reill y’s  dra f t  c oul d  b e  ad op t ed, h owever, the Fre nch underNa p ol eon III in v ade dMexico,  and–de spite an earl y Mexican  victoryon  May 5 , 1 862 at the  Battleof Puebla – force d  J uárez  an d theLi ber als f rom po w erand l aunche dthe Se condMe xican Em pire.

The French place d a sy mpath eti c Austria n a r chd uke on th e Me xican thro neasEmper orM aximi lian I.  Th e  Fren ch i n terventio n  a ndM a xi milian’s ri s e topower , h o wever,  did  not end the proc e ss of codifica tion . Ind eed ,  Max im ilian’s govern men ta p pears to  h ave adopted  much of  t h e com missio n’s wo rk, rev i s ed variou s ar tic les, andthe np romulga te dt he fir st t wo  books  of th e  sho r t -lived Código Ci vil d e l  Impe r ioMexic an o in 18 6 6 (h ereafter,the 1866 Ci vil Co de). 

A y ear lat er , thepro ce ss of codi f ication w as in terrupt ed  onc e m ore by  pol i t icaleven ts . I n 1867, w h i le th et hir d
 it_would be_interesting to explore the_relationship between_the_events surrounding_Cinco_de Mayo–the Mexican_holiday commemorating Mexico’s_victory over the French_at the Battle_of_Puebla–and the history of Mexican codification.

Background

As a civil law country, Mexico relies heavily on_various_codes (the_Civil_Code,_the Commercial Code, etc.) for_its primary legislation. Yet when_Mexico started_its movement towards independence from Spain in 1810,_it_was governed by_Spanish law, which had not been codified. The movement_to create a national civil code_for Mexico only_really_begins_with the Mexican Constitution_of 1857, and with the rise_to power of Benito Juárez, an_indigenous lawyer of Zapotec ancestry who became,_first, president of the Mexican Supreme_Court, and soon after, the_president of_Mexico.

Codification Efforts

The Constitution of 1857_replaced the long_dictatorial rule_of Santa Anna,_and its promulgation of new individual_rights represented a_movement towards liberalism and secularism. As_part_of Juárez’s larger_agenda,_to_cement the_reach and permanence_of_the constitutional_settlement,_the president entrusted Justo Sierra O’Reilly_with_the task of systematizing Mexican law in_one national civil code._According_to Cruz Barney, Sierra_O’Reilly finally produced a draft_civil code in 1860, largely based_on Florencio_García Goyena’s_“proyecto,” a proposed Spanish-language adaptation of the Napoleonic Code, as well_as other sources such as the_Louisiana Civil Code. Before_Sierra O’Reilly’s_draft_could be adopted,_however,_the French_under Napoleon III invaded Mexico, and–despite an_early Mexican_victory on May 5, 1862 at_the Battle of Puebla–forced_Juárez_and the Liberals from power and_launched the Second Mexican Empire.

The French_placed a sympathetic Austrian archduke_on_the_Mexican throne as Emperor Maximilian_I. The French intervention and Maximilian’s_rise to power,_however, did not end the process of_codification._Indeed, Maximilian’s government appears to have_adopted_much of the commission’s work, revised_various_articles,_and then promulgated the first_two books of the short-lived Código_Civil del Imperio Mexicano in 1866 (hereafter, the 1866_Civil Code).

A year_later, the process of codification_was_interrupted_once more by political events. In 1867, while the third