 organizations to confirm diagnoses, like public health authorities, to do the validation. Apple and Google said they want users to trust the system, and that includes users knowing that the system is reliable.

How is a confirmed COVID-19 case identified?

Apple and Google point out that while a positive test result is likely the best means of identifying a case, it isn’t necessarily the only way. It’s true that a diagnosis by a medical professional doesn’t actually require a confirmed positive test result specifically identifying the presence of the virus — theoretically, a public health agency could set a lower bar, requiring just a diagnosis based on symptom presentation, for instance.

Both tech giants concede that for contact tracing to be effective, there needs to be a high degree of case identification within a population, but left the door open to the possibility that a high degree of case identification doesn’t necessarily translate one-to-one to widespread testing, should other means of identifying cases be deemed reliable enough by local health authorities in any given area.

Should you trust this system?

There’s no easy answer. It seems like Apple and Google have made a system that’s better than nothing, but it’s a system that requires considerable user trust. You have to trust that Apple and Google have built a system that can withstand abuses — either from themselves or governments. But no system is foolproof or immune to abuse. If you don’t trust the system, you do not have to use it.

An earlier version of this report incorrectly stated the Android 4.1 versions and higher that will get the update. It’s Android 6.0 and above. We regret the error. Lord Janner is alleged to have exploited children to commit a 'full range' of sexual offences against them dating back to the 1950s, the public inquiry into child abuse has been told.

The late politician was said to have arranged for children 'in whom he had a sexual interest' to be brought to the Houses of Parliament.

He died aged 87 in December, just days after he was found unfit to stand trial over historical child sex claims.

Claims: Lord Janner is alleged to have exploited children to commit a 'full range' of sexual offences against them dating back to the 1950s. He is pictured left welcoming children to the Commons in 1976

Lord Janner, pictured last year before his death, was accused of the 'full range' of child abuse
organizations to confirm diagnoses, like public health authorities, to do the establishment. Apple and Google say they want users to entrust the organization, and that includes users know that the system is reliable. 

 How is a confirm COVID-19 case identified? 

 Apple and Google steer out that while a positive test solution is probably the best means of identify a case, it is n’t necessarily the lone way. It ’s true that a diagnosis by a medical master does n’t actually require a confirmed cocksure test leave specifically identifying the bearing of the virus — theoretically, a public health agency could set a lower bar, ask just a diagnosis based on symptom presentation, for instance. 

 Both tech giant star concede that for contact tracing to be effective, there needs to be a high degree of case identification within a population, but left the door open to the hypothesis that a eminent degree of casing designation does n’t necessarily translate one - to - one to widespread examination, should other mean of identifying cases be deemed dependable enough by local health authorities in any given area. 

 Should you trust this system? 

 There ’s no easy answer. It seems like Apple and Google have made a system that ’s better than nothing, but it ’s a arrangement that requires considerable exploiter trust. You have to trust that Apple and Google have built a system that can defy abuses — either from themselves or governments. But no system is foolproof or immune to maltreatment. If you do n’t trust the system, you do not have to use it. 

 An early version of this composition incorrectly stated the Android 4.1 version and higher that will perplex the update. It ’s Android 6.0 and above. We regret the error. Lord Janner is allege to have exploited children to commit a' full range' of intimate offences against them dating back to the 1950s, the public question into child abuse has been told. 

 The late politician was said to have arrange for children' in whom he had a sexual pastime' to be brought to the Houses of Parliament. 

 He died aged 87 in December, precisely days after he was found unfit to stand trial over historical child sex claims. 

 Claims: Lord Janner is alleged to have exploit child to perpetrate a' full range' of sexual offences against them dating back to the 1950s. He is visualize left welcoming children to the Commons in 1976 

 Lord Janner, picture last year before his death, was accused of the' full stove' of child abuse
 orhanizations to confirm dlagnoses, like puyoic heelth aufhoritier, to do the validation. Apple abd Goigle said they want usdrs to trlst the ststen, and that mhcludes users nnownnj that the systgm is reliabne.

How is a conxifmzd COVID-19 case identified?

Apple and Gojgle poonh out that whije a [osifpvt test result is likely the best jeans oh identifying a case, it isn’t necessarily hhe lnly way. It’s true hhat a diagbosif by a medicau professional doesn’t zctually require a confirmed poritivz test resuot spfwifically iventifjing the prescmce of the vitus — theoreticsllb, a public health agency rould set a lower bat, requirinc lust a diagnosis basee in sykptok prdwengatjoi, fkr inshanre.

Both tech giants conxede that for contavt ntacing to be effeceide, there needs to be a high degree of cdse identification within q population, but left the door open to the possibility that a high degree of cave idxngifngwguoj doesn’t necessarily translate one-to-one to wiqsskresd testing, shomld other means of ifemjifying cases ce deemed reliable enough bj local healrh authorytiex in any given area.

Should yiu trust thif system?

There’s no ecsy answer. Ic seemx likr Apple and Google have mads a system hhat’s betfdr than nothing, cut id’s a sysudm that requires sonsideraule uxer trurt. Ypu havq to trust that Apple and Google hwve boilt a system thwt can withstand abuses — either from themselvgs mr covernmeuts. Bub no system is soolproof or ikmune tj abure. If you son’t trnst the systqm, you do not jave to use mt.

An earlyer cersuon of gfis report incprrectly stated the Android 4.1 versions ana higher that wiol tet the update. Ot’s Anqrliv 6.0 anq above. We recret thd errof. Lord Janncr ks akleged to have explohted children to commiy w 'full rqnge' of fexual offencrs against them dauing beck to the 1950x, tre public inquiry into child aguse has heek told.

The latq pooitician was said to have arranged for children 'in xhom he had a sexual inrerest' to be broughj tp the Housex of [arliamend.

He died aged 87 in Dexember, just days sfter he was found unrit to stanf trial over historical child sex claims.

Claims: Lord Janner is alleged to yave eepjoited chilsren to cmmint a 'fujl renje' of sexual offemces against them dating back tu the 1950s. Ve is pictured left welcoming vhkldren to the Commons in 1976

Lord Janner, lictured last year before his death, was accused of the 'full ranne' of chiod abhse
organizations to confirm diagnoses, like public health do validation. Apple Google said they system, that includes users that the system reliable. How is a confirmed COVID-19 identified? Apple and Google point out that while a positive test result is the best means of identifying a case, it isn’t necessarily the only way. true a by medical professional doesn’t actually require a confirmed positive test result specifically identifying the presence of the — theoretically, a public health agency could set lower bar, requiring just diagnosis based on symptom presentation, instance. tech giants that contact to be effective, needs to be a high degree of case identification within a population, but left the door open the possibility high degree case doesn’t translate one-to-one to should other means of identifying cases enough by local health authorities in any given Should you this system? There’s no easy answer. seems like Apple and Google have made a that’s better than nothing, but it’s a system that requires considerable user trust. You have that Apple and Google built a system can abuses either themselves or But no system is foolproof or immune to abuse. If you trust the system, you do not have to use it. version this report incorrectly the Android 4.1 versions higher will get the update. 6.0 above. error. Janner alleged to have exploited to commit a 'full range' sexual offences against them the public inquiry into child abuse has been The late politician was said to have for children 'in whom he had a sexual interest' to be brought the Houses He died aged 87 in December, just days he was found unfit stand trial over historical child sex claims. Claims: Lord is to have children to commit 'full range' of offences against them to the He pictured to the Commons in 1976 Lord pictured year before his death, was of range' of child abuse
 organizations to confirm diaGnoses, like PubliC heAltH aUthoRitiEs, to do the validATion. apple and Google said they Want uSeRS to tRUsT the sYstem, anD ThAT IncLuDeS usErS KnOwing ThaT the sysTem is reliaBle.

hoW is a confirmeD cOvID-19 case ideNtiFied?

Apple and gooGle poiNt Out THat whIle A posiTive teST resulT is likely ThE Best meANs of ideNTIfYing A case, it isn’t necessARiLY the only way. It’s True thAt A DiAGNosIs bY a medical pRoFessiONal doesN’T aCTUAllY Require a confiRmed positivE TesT resulT sPecIFicallY idenTiFYinG the presencE of tHe virus — thEoretiCAlly, a puBLic healTh agenCy cOulD set A LoWeR baR, rEQuiRInG juST a dIagnosis BaSeD on syMptoM PRESentAtiOn, foR instAnce.

Both tech gIanTs coNCedE that For coNtacT tRacinG to be eFfectIvE, there needs to be A higH degree of CasE iDenTiFicatIOn withIn a PopUlation, But left THe dOoR OPEn To the possibility thAt A HIgH degree oF case iDEnTiFIcation dOeSn’t NeceSSArily TranSLaTe one-to-oNe to wiDEsPrEad testInG, shoulD oTheR meAns of IDentIfying Cases be dEemed REliable enough bY Local health auTHoRITiES in aNy gIven area.

ShoUld yOU truSt thIS sYstEM?

TherE’s no eAsY AnSWer. It seems like Apple AnD GooglE have Made a system thAt’s better tHAN Nothing, bUt it’S A sYStem that requirEs conSiderable uSEr trust. YOu havE to trust That Apple AND Google hAve BuiLt a SysTEM tHat can withstaND AbusEs — Either fRom ThemselVes Or gOveRnmEnTs. But no syStem is foOlPrOoF oR imMune tO Abuse. If yOu Don’T tRusT the sYStem, yoU do noT havE tO uSE it.

an earliER vERSion Of ThIs rePorT iNcorrEctlY StaTed the ANdroid 4.1 verSioNS and HiGhEr that wIll get the updaTe. it’s Android 6.0 AnD abOve. We rEGRet the erRor. Lord Janner is alleged tO Have expLoiTed chIldrEn to commiT a 'fUll ranGe' oF Sexual OffencEs agaInSt tHEM datiNG BaCk tO tHe 1950s, the publIC InqUiry iNtO chiLd abuse Has been told.

The late POliTician was said To hAve aRRAnGed FOr CHilDrEN 'in WHOm he had a sexual iNterest' to bE bROuGht to the HoUSes Of parliamEnt.

He diEd ageD 87 In DecemBer, just daYs after he WaS fouND UnfIt to stand tRial over HistoricaL Child SEx ClaimS.

ClAims: LoRd janNer is AllegeD To hAve exPloiteD cHildreN to coMmIt a 'full rAnge' of sexual offences agaInst thEm datIng Back to the 1950S. He IS piCtured lefT welComing chilDreN to The CoMmoNS in 1976

LoRd JaNNeR, piCTured Last YEar before HIs DeaTH, WaS accused of tHE 'FUll Range' Of cHIld abuSe
 organizations to confirmdiagnoses,  like  pu bli cheal th a uthorities, to do t he validation. Apple a nd Go og l e sa i dtheywant us e rs t o t ru st  th es ys tem,and  that i ncludes us ers  k nowing thatt he  system is  re liable.

How  is  a con fi rme d  COVI D-1 9 cas e iden t ified? 

Apple a nd Google point o u t  t hatwhile a positivet es t  result is lik ely th eb es t mea nsof identif yi ng ac ase, it is n ’ t  ne c essarily theonly way. I t ’strue t ha t a diagno sis b ya  me dical profe ssio nal doesn ’t act u ally re q uire aconfir med  po siti v ete stre s ult sp eci f ica lly iden ti fy ing t he p r e s e nceofthevirus  — theoretica lly , ap ubl ic he althagen cy  coul d seta low er  bar, requiring  jus t a diagn osi sbas ed  on s y mptompre sen tation,  for in s tan ce . Bo th tech giants con ce d e  t hat forcontac t  t ra c ing to b eeff ecti v e , the re n e ed s to bea high de gr ee of c as e iden ti fic ati on wi t hina popu lation,but l e ft the door op e n to the poss i bi l i ty that  ahigh degree  ofc aseiden t if ica t ion d oesn’ tn ec e ssarily translate o ne -to-on e towidespread te sting, sho u l d  other m eans of identifying ca ses b e deemed r e liable e nough  by loca l healtha u thoritie s i n a nygiv e n  a rea.

Shouldy o u tr us t thissys tem?

T her e’s  no  ea sy  answer.It seems  l ik eAp ple  andG oogle ha ve  ma de  asyste m  that’ s bet terth an not hing, b u ti t ’s a  s ys temtha trequi resc ons iderabl e user tr ust .  You  h av e to tr ust that Appl eand Google  h ave  built a  systemthat can withstand abus e s — eit her  from  the mselves o r g overnm ent s . Butno sys tem i sfoo l p roofo r  i mmu ne  to abuse. I f y ou do n’ t tr ust the  system, you do no t  ha ve to use it. 

A n ea r l ie r v e rs i onof thi s report incorrec tly stated  t h eAndroid 4. 1  ve rs ions an d highe r tha t  will g et the up date. It’ sAndr o i d 6 .0 and abo ve. We r egret the error .  L ord J ann er isal leg ed to  havee xpl oited  child re n to c ommit  a  'full r ange' of sexual offence s agai nst t hem  dating b ack tothe 1950s , th e public i nqu iry  into  ch i ld ab useh as  be e n tol d.
T he late p o li tic i a nwas said to h a vearran ged for ch ildr en 'in whom he ha d  a sexual inte rest ' tobeb roug ht  to the Houses  of  P a r liament. 
He died age d 87 inDe c ember , just  daysafter h e wa s  found  unf itto standtri al over hi st or i cal ch ildse x clai ms.

C l aims : Lord Janner is a llege d to ha v e e xploi te d child r en t o commit a  'full rang e' ofsexu al of fencesag ainstthe mdating bac k  to the 1 950s.  He ispi ctur edleft w elco m i ng ch ildr en  to  the Comm o n si n19 7 6
Lord  Jann er , pi ctured la s t year b efo r e his d ea th, w as acc u se d of the 'fu llrange ' of child a b use
 organizations_to confirm_diagnoses, like public health_authorities, to_do_the validation._Apple_and Google said_they want users_to trust the system,_and that includes_users_knowing that the system is reliable.

How is a confirmed COVID-19 case identified?

Apple and Google_point_out that_while_a_positive test result is likely_the best means of identifying_a case,_it isn’t necessarily the only way. It’s true_that_a diagnosis by_a medical professional doesn’t actually require a confirmed positive_test result specifically identifying the presence_of the virus_—_theoretically,_a public health agency_could set a lower bar, requiring_just a diagnosis based on symptom_presentation, for instance.

Both tech giants concede that_for contact tracing to be effective,_there needs to be a_high degree_of case identification within a_population, but left_the door_open to the_possibility that a high degree of_case identification doesn’t_necessarily translate one-to-one to widespread testing,_should_other means of_identifying_cases_be deemed_reliable enough by_local_health authorities_in_any given area.

Should you trust this_system?

There’s_no easy answer. It seems like Apple_and Google have made_a_system that’s better than_nothing, but it’s a system_that requires considerable user trust. You_have to_trust that_Apple and Google have built a system that can withstand abuses_— either from themselves or governments._But no system is_foolproof or_immune_to abuse. If_you_don’t trust_the system, you do not have to_use it.

An_earlier version of this report incorrectly_stated the Android 4.1_versions_and higher that will get the_update. It’s Android 6.0 and above._We regret the error. Lord_Janner_is_alleged to have exploited children_to commit a 'full range' of_sexual offences against_them dating back to the 1950s, the_public_inquiry into child abuse has been_told.

The_late politician was said to have_arranged_for_children 'in whom he had_a sexual interest' to be brought_to the Houses of Parliament.

He died aged 87 in_December, just days_after he was found unfit_to_stand_trial over historical child sex claims.

Claims: Lord Janner is alleged_to have_exploited children to_commit a 'full range' of sexual offences against them dating_back to the 1950s. He is pictured_left welcoming children to the Commons in 1976

Lord Janner, pictured last_year before his death, was accused of the_'full range' of child abuse