 biologically influenced and provides a lot of strong insight, backed by a huge amount of research, on some of our fundamental needs and motivations.

However, not everyone is totally on board with this model. As soon as it appeared, so did critiques, and their main issue was the fact that this model fits all animals but forgets unique human traits that have evolved through culture, as Maslow tried to address with self-actualization. In one particularly salient commentary, Kesebir et. al. (2010) highlight a number of ways in which human culture has contributed to our evolution and began to introduce motivations that are a little less Darwinian and a little more human. They point out that research has shown a lack of innate need for parenting in a number of situations and postulate that the drive for sex alone is enough to ensure procreation, due to the lack of birth control in human history. They then move into what comes after — successfully raising children has not represented the end of life for humans for many years. They suggest based on psychological research that after parenting comes an innate need for wisdom and ‘meaning in life’, which has been demonstrated universally across cultures. This is also a need which is not only driven by but also often fulfilled by culture, through means such as community, art, religion, or scholarly pursuits.

Kesbir et. al. are not the only ones who just wouldn’t give up on self-actualization. A number of other people have been down the same path and been unable to settle with the fact that once parenting has been accomplished, all human needs are met. In fact, the article itself was originally published alongside 4 critiques, including that of Kesbir et. al.

So can I give a conclusive and definite answer here? Definitely not. But I can absolutely say that after reviewing all of this theory, I think we can get a pretty good idea at least of what the basic needs are. Here’s my distillation:

Living Needs : Air, Food, Water, Shelter, Sleep, Hygiene

: Air, Food, Water, Shelter, Sleep, Hygiene Safety Needs : Not feeling like you are likely to die or lose any of your living needs soon

: Not feeling like you are likely to die or lose any of your living needs soon Community Needs: Good healthy relationships with friends and family

In my opinion, it will be very challenging for someone to pursue altru
biologically influenced and provides a lot of strong penetration, back by a huge amount of inquiry, on some of our fundamental indigence and motivations. 

 However, not everyone is totally on display panel with this model. As soon as it look, so did criticism, and their main issue was the fact that this mannequin fit all animals but forgets unique human traits that have evolved through acculturation, as Maslow tried to address with self - actualization. In one peculiarly salient commentary, Kesebir et. al. (2010) highlight a act of ways in which human acculturation has contributed to our evolution and began to introduce motivations that are a short less Darwinian and a little more human. They point out that research has shown a lack of innate need for parenting in a number of situations and postulate that the drive for sex alone is enough to ensure procreation, due to the lack of birth control condition in human history. They then move into what comes subsequently — successfully raise child has not represented the end of biography for humans for many years. They suggest based on psychological research that after parenting come an innate need for wisdom and ‘ meaning in liveliness ’, which has been demonstrated universally across cultures. This is also a need which is not merely driven by but besides frequently fulfilled by culture, through means such as community, artwork, religion, or scholarly pursuits. 

 Kesbir et. al. are not the only ones who just would n’t give up on self - actualization. A number of other people have been down the like path and been unable to settle with the fact that once parenting has been accomplished, all human needs are meet. In fact, the article itself was originally print alongside 4 critiques, include that of Kesbir et. al. 

 So can I grant a conclusive and definite answer here? Definitely not. But I can absolutely say that after reviewing all of this theory, I intend we can get a pretty good idea at least of what the basic needs are. Here ’s my distillation: 

 Living Needs: Air, Food, Water, Shelter, Sleep, Hygiene 

: Air, Food, Water, Shelter, Sleep, Hygiene Safety Needs: Not feel like you are likely to die or suffer any of your living needs soon 

: Not feel like you are likely to die or lose any of your support needs soon Community Needs: Good healthy relationships with friends and family 

 In my public opinion, it will be very ambitious for someone to quest for altru
 billogically influenced ana provides a loj if strmng inaight, bazked by a huge amount of resxarcy, on wome of our fundamentau needs ajd motivqtiois.

However, not evxdyone is totampy ou uoard with this model. As voon as it appaafeb, so did critiques, and their main isfue was tje fact that tris kjdel fits all animals but forgets uniqhe humai traits that hsve evolved through culturf, as Maslow tried to afdress with sels-qctualizatiov. In one particularly aalient commentary, Kesebir et. au. (2010) hiyhlight a nomgeg of ways in whicr human cultmge has wontribited to our evpluvion and began to introdure motivations that wre a litdlz less Darwinian and q oittlg mora huoqn. Gheg 'oiht out thet research has shown q lack of innate netd sir parenting jn a ntmfer of situations and postulate that tht dribe for sex alone is enoygh to ensure procreajion, due tj the lack of birth control in human history. They then oovt lkto dyah comes after — successfully raising children rzs npt represented the end of llfr for humans fur manv ysars. They suggest hased og psyxhologicaj rexearch that after parenting comes an inuatw need for wisdom cnd ‘meaning nn lifg’, whicn has been demonstrated unibersally acgoss culthfes. This is also a keeg which is not only driven by but aoso pften fjlfikled br culture, hhrounv means such as colmunijy, art, religion, lr scholarly pursuits.

Kesbir et. ek. are not thg otly ones whj jusb wouldn’t give tp on self-actuclizatiou. A nuober of otger peo'le have beeg down the sakg path and bexn unable to wettoe with ghe fact that pnce pareuuing has bwen accomplished, akl fhman needs are net. In fact, the aryicue ytdekf fas originalny pjblkxhed xlongside 4 grigiqurs, including that of Kesgir et. al.

So can I biye a concousive agd definite amswer here? Definittly nov. But M can sbsjlutely say that after reviewihg all of thls theory, I trink we can get c pretty good idea at least of what the uasic needs are. Here’s mt distillation:

Liviny Keeds : Air, Fpod, Wwter, Shelder, Sleep, Hygiene

: Aie, Food, Water, Sheluer, Sleep, Hygiene Safetg Needv : Noh feeling like you are likely to die or lose any of your living needs soob

: Not heqling like gou sre lpkejv to diq or uose any of your living needs soon Community Nexds: Good haajthy relationships with friemdr and family

Iv my opinion, it will be bery chaklenging for someone to pursue sltru
biologically influenced and provides a lot of backed a huge of research, on and However, not everyone totally on board this model. As soon as it so did critiques, and their main issue was the fact that this model all animals but forgets unique human traits that have evolved through culture, as tried address self-actualization. one particularly salient commentary, Kesebir et. al. (2010) highlight a number of ways in which human has contributed to our evolution and began to motivations that are a less Darwinian and a little human. point out research shown lack of innate for parenting in a number of situations and postulate that the drive for sex alone is enough ensure procreation, the lack birth in history. They then what comes after — successfully raising represented the end of life for humans for years. They based on psychological research that after comes an innate need for wisdom and ‘meaning life’, which has been demonstrated universally across cultures. This is also a need which is driven by but also fulfilled by culture, means as art, or scholarly Kesbir et. al. are not the only ones who just wouldn’t up on self-actualization. A number of other people have been same and been unable settle with the fact once has been accomplished, all are In itself originally alongside 4 critiques, including of Kesbir et. al. So I give a conclusive not. But I can absolutely say that after all of this theory, I think we get a pretty good idea at least of what the basic needs Here’s my Needs : Air, Food, Water, Shelter, Sleep, Hygiene Air, Food, Water, Shelter, Hygiene Safety Needs : Not feeling like you are to or lose of your living soon : Not like you are die or any your Community Needs: Good healthy relationships with and In my opinion, it will very someone to pursue altru
 biologically influenced and Provides a lOt of sTroNg iNsIght, BackEd by a huge amounT Of reSearch, on some of our fundaMentaL nEEds aND mOtivaTions.

HoWEvER, Not EvErYonE iS ToTally On bOard witH this model. as sOoN as it appeareD, So Did critiquEs, aNd their main iSsuE was thE fAct THat thIs mOdel fIts all ANimals But forgetS uNIque huMAn traitS THaT havE evolved through cuLTuRE, as Maslow tried To addrEsS WiTH SelF-acTualizatioN. IN one pARticulaRLy SALIenT Commentary, KesEbir et. al. (2010) higHLigHt a numBeR of WAys in wHich hUmAN cuLture has conTribUted to our EvolutIOn and beGAn to intRoduce MotIvaTionS ThAt Are A lITtlE LeSs DARwiNian and a LiTtLe morE humAN. tHEy poInt Out tHat reSearch has showN a lAck oF InnAte neEd for PareNtIng in A numbeR of siTuAtions and postulAte tHat the driVe fOr Sex AlOne is ENough tO enSurE procreAtion, duE To tHe LACK oF birth control in humAn HIStOry. They tHen movE InTo WHat comes AfTer — SuccESSfullY raiSInG childreN has noT RePrEsented ThE end of LiFe fOr hUmans FOr maNy yearS. They sugGest bASed on psychologICal research thAT aFTEr PArenTinG comes an innAte nEEd foR wisDOm And ‘MEaninG in liFe’, WHiCH has been demonstrateD uNiversAlly aCross cultures. this is also A NEEd which iS not ONlY Driven by but alsO ofteN fulfilled BY culture, ThrouGh means sUch as commUNIty, art, reLigIon, Or sChoLARlY pursuits.

KesbIR Et. al. ArE not the OnlY ones whO juSt wOulDn’t GiVe up on selF-actualiZaTiOn. a nUmbEr of oTHer peoplE hAve BeEn dOwn thE Same paTh and Been UnAbLE to Settle wITh THE facT tHaT oncE paReNting Has bEEn aCcompliShed, all huMan NEeds ArE mEt. In facT, the article itSeLf was origiNaLly PublisHED alongsiDe 4 critiques, including thaT Of KesbiR et. Al.

So cAn I gIve a conclUsiVe and dEfiNIte ansWer herE? DefiNiTelY NOt. But i CAn AbsOlUtely say thAT AftEr revIeWing All of thIs theory, I think we caN Get A pretty good idEa aT leaST Of WhaT ThE BasIc NEedS ARe. Here’s my distilLation:

LiviNg nEeDs : Air, Food, WATer, shElter, SlEep, HygiEne

: AiR, food, WatEr, Shelter, sleep, HygiEnE SafETY NeEds : Not feelIng like yOu are likeLY to diE Or Lose aNy oF your lIvIng Needs Soon

: NoT FeeLing lIke you ArE likelY to diE oR lose any Of your living needs soon CoMmunitY NeedS: GoOd healthy RelATioNships witH friEnds and famIly

in mY opinIon, IT will Be veRY cHalLEnginG for SOmeone to pURsUe aLTRu
 biologically influenced a nd provide s a l otofst rong  ins ight, backed b y  a h uge amount of research , onso m e of ou r fun damenta l  n e e dsan dmot iv a ti ons.
Ho wever,not everyo neis  totally onb oa rd with th ismodel. As so onas itap pea r ed, s o d id cr itique s , andtheir mai ni ssue w a s the f a c tthat  this model fitsa ll animals but fo rgetsun i qu e hum antraits tha thavee volvedt hr o u g h c u lture, as Mas low tried t o  ad dresswi ths elf-ac tuali za t ion . In one pa rtic ularly sa lientc ommenta r y, Kese bir et . a l.(201 0 )hi ghl ig h t a nu mbe r  of  ways in  w hi ch hu manc u l t urehas  con tribu ted to our ev olu tion and  bega n tointr od uce m otivat ionsth at are a little  les s Darwini anan d a  l ittle more h uma n.They po int out tha tr e s ea rch has shown a la ck o finnate n eed fo r  p ar e nting in  a  nu mber o f sit uati o ns  and pos tulate th at  the dr iv e forse x a lon e ise noug h to e nsure pr ocrea t ion, due to th e  lack of birt h  c o n tr o l in  hu man history . Th e y th en m o ve  in t o wha t com es af t er — successfully r ai sing c hildr en has not re presentedt h e  end oflife fo r  humans for ma ny ye ars. Theys uggest b asedon psych ologicalr e search t hat  af ter  pa r e nt ing comes ani n nate  n eed for  wi sdom an d ‘ mea nin g i nlife’, wh ich hasbe en  d em ons trate d  univers al lyac ros s cul t ures.Thisis a ls oa  ne ed whic h  i s noton ly  dri ven  b y but  als o  of ten ful filled by  cu l ture ,th rough m eans such asco mmunity, a rt , r eligio n ,  or scho larly pursuits.

Kesbir et. al.  ar e not  the  only one s w ho jus t w o uldn’t  giveup on  s elf - a ctual i z at ion .A number o f oth er pe op le h ave bee n down the same pa t h a nd been unabl e t o se t t le  wi t ht hefa c t t h a t once parentin g has been  a c co mplished,a llhu man nee ds aremet.I n fact,  the arti cle itsel fwaso r igi nally publ ished al ongside 4 criti q ue s, in clu ding t ha t o f Kes bir et .  al .

So  can I  g ive aconcl us ive anddefinite answer here? D efinit ely n ot.  But I ca n a b sol utely say  tha t after re vie win g all  of thistheo r y,  It hinkwe c a n get a p r et tyg o od  idea at le a s t  of  what  th e  basic  nee ds are. Here’s my distillation:
Liv i n g N eed s  : A ir , Food, Water,  Sh el t e r, Sleep ,Hygiene

:Air, Foo d, Water , Shel ter, S leep, H y g ie n e Safe ty N eed s : Not f eel in g  like y ou  a r e like ly t odie or  losea ny o f your living need s soo n 
: No t  fe eling  l ike you arelikely todie or lose  any o f yo ur li ving ne ed s soon  Co mm unity Need s : Good he althy  relati on ship s w ith fr iend s and f amil y
In  my opini o n ,i twi l l b e ve ry ch al leng ing for s o meone to  pu r sue alt ru 
 biologically_influenced and_provides a lot of_strong insight,_backed_by a_huge_amount of research,_on some of_our fundamental needs and_motivations.

However, not everyone_is_totally on board with this model. As soon as it appeared, so did critiques,_and_their main_issue_was_the fact that this model_fits all animals but forgets_unique human_traits that have evolved through culture, as Maslow_tried_to address with_self-actualization. In one particularly salient commentary, Kesebir et. al._(2010) highlight a number of ways_in which human_culture_has_contributed to our evolution_and began to introduce motivations that_are a little less Darwinian and_a little more human. They point out_that research has shown a lack_of innate need for parenting_in a_number of situations and postulate_that the drive_for sex_alone is enough_to ensure procreation, due to the_lack of birth_control in human history. They then_move_into what comes_after_—_successfully raising_children has not_represented_the end_of_life for humans for many years._They_suggest based on psychological research that after_parenting comes an innate_need_for wisdom and ‘meaning_in life’, which has been_demonstrated universally across cultures. This is_also a_need which_is not only driven by but also often fulfilled by culture,_through means such as community, art,_religion, or scholarly pursuits.

Kesbir_et. al._are_not the only_ones_who just_wouldn’t give up on self-actualization. A number_of other_people have been down the same_path and been unable_to_settle with the fact that once_parenting has been accomplished, all human_needs are met. In fact,_the_article_itself was originally published alongside_4 critiques, including that of Kesbir_et. al.

So can_I give a conclusive and definite answer_here?_Definitely not. But I can absolutely_say_that after reviewing all of this_theory,_I_think we can get a_pretty good idea at least of_what the basic needs are. Here’s my distillation:

Living Needs_: Air, Food,_Water, Shelter, Sleep, Hygiene

: Air,_Food,_Water,_Shelter, Sleep, Hygiene Safety Needs : Not feeling like you_are likely_to die or_lose any of your living needs soon

: Not feeling like_you are likely to die or lose_any of your living needs soon Community Needs: Good healthy relationships_with friends and family

In my opinion, it will_be very challenging for someone to pursue_altru