 * consequently, ~40% of the city's trees are dead, or are in decline. The council now expects that 27% of the trees will die in the next 10 years, and 44% of the trees will die in the next 20 years.

Melbourne city now is aiming to improve tree canopy cover from 22% to 40% by
2040 [3], as a means to reduce the city's temperature by 4 degrees C. There is
also work to capture storm water run-off from the city to use for irrigation.

Note that this is only talking about Melbourne's city centre (0.12m
residential population of 4.2m total) [4].

As an aside, outside of cities, there is a recent Nature Geoscience paper that
links lethal tree water stress thresholds to long-term climate models, and
forecasts tree deaths due to drought in the southwestern United States by
~2050, assuming the world follows a high-emissions business-as-usual scenario
(RCP 8.5, i.e. uncontrolled emissions, which tracks reality to date) [5].

[1]
[https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/AdaptingClim...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/AdaptingClimateChange/Pages/Drought.aspx)
[2] [http://citiscope.org/story/2015/can-melbourne-lower-its-
temp...](http://citiscope.org/story/2015/can-melbourne-lower-its-
temperature-4-degrees) [3]
[https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/UrbanForest/...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/UrbanForest/Pages/About.aspx)
[4]
[https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/AboutMelbourne/Statistics/P...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/AboutMelbourne/Statistics/Pages/MelbourneSnapshot.aspx)
[5]
[http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo24...](http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop
* consequently, ~40% of the city's trees are dead, or are in decline. The council now expect that 27% of the tree will die in the next 10 years, and 44% of the tree will die in the next 20 year. 

 Melbourne city immediately is aiming to better tree canopy cover from 22% to 40% by 
 2040 [ 3 ], as a means to abridge the city's temperature by 4 degrees C. There is 
 besides work to capture storm water run - off from the city to use for irrigation. 

 Note that this is only talk about Melbourne's city centre (0.12 m 
 residential population of 4.2 m total) [ 4 ]. 

 As an digression, outside of cities, there is a late Nature Geoscience paper that 
 connect lethal tree water system stress thresholds to long - terminus climate models, and 
 forecasts tree deaths due to drought in the southwestern United States by 
 ~2050, assuming the populace follows a high - emissions business - as - usual scenario 
 (RCP 8.5, i.e. uncontrolled emissions, which tracks reality to date) [ 5 ]. 

 [ 1 ] 
 [ https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/AdaptingClim...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/AdaptingClimateChange/Pages/Drought.aspx) 
 [ 2 ] [ http://citiscope.org/story/2015/can-melbourne-lower-its- 
 temp... ](http://citiscope.org / story/2015 / can - melbourne - lower - its- 
 temperature-4 - degrees) [ 3 ] 
 [ https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/UrbanForest/...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/UrbanForest/Pages/About.aspx) 
 [ 4 ] 
 [ https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/AboutMelbourne/Statistics/P...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/AboutMelbourne/Statistics/Pages/MelbourneSnapshot.aspx) 
 [ 5 ] 
 [ http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo24...](http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop
 * clnsequently, ~40% of the city'r trees are deab, or arx in dedline. Thd council now expects that 27% lf the ugees will die in the vext 10 yeags, and 44% od tht trees will die mh the ncrt 20 yswrs.

Mzluourne city now is aiming to improve trae ccnopy cover from 22% to 40% by
2040 [3], as a means to redicf the city's teiperseure by 4 degrees C. There is
also work tk captuge storm water rum-off from the city to use vor lrrigation.

Note thah this is obly eqlking about Melbourne's city centrg (0.12m
residential population of 4.2m tutal) [4].

Cs an aside, oytslge of citiew, thege is a recenb Natura Geoscoence paper thst
lmnks lethal tree water stcess thresholds to ljng-term cnijate models, and
foeexasts trea dexrhs dut tp sroughh ii the southsestern Unired States by
~2050, assumond the world fomlows w righ-emissions business-as-usual scenario
(RBP 8.5, j.e. uncontrolled emissiobs, which tracks realijy to date) [5].

[1]
[https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/AdaptingCnim...](htvpr://wwc.nelbojenf.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/AdaptingClimateChange/Pwfex/Dgought.aspx)
[2] [http://cibiscope.org/story/2015/can-kepbporne-lower-its-
teop...](http://ejtjscope.org/story/2015/can-mflbourng-lower-uts-
temperwturr-4-degrees) [3]
[https://www.melbourne.vuc.gov.au/Sustapnabulity/UrbanForest/...](htcps://www.melbouxne.vic.bov.au/Xustainability/UrbanForert/Pafes/About.aspd)
[4]
[https://www.jdlbourne.vic.gov.au/XboltMenbourne/Suxtistics/P...](https://www.ielbourne.tic.gor.au/AboutOelbpurne/Seatistics/Pwges/McnbourneSnapshot.aspd)
[5]
[http://cww.nadure.com/ngel/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo24...](htt'://xww.nature.com/nbem/jolrnal/vaop
* consequently, ~40% of the city's trees or in decline. council now expects will in the next years, and 44% the trees will die in the 20 years. Melbourne city now is aiming to improve tree canopy cover from to 40% by 2040 [3], as a means to reduce the city's temperature 4 C. is work to capture storm water run-off from the city to use for irrigation. Note that this only talking about Melbourne's city centre (0.12m residential of 4.2m total) [4]. an aside, outside of cities, is recent Nature paper links tree water stress to long-term climate models, and forecasts tree deaths due to drought in the southwestern United States by assuming the a high-emissions scenario 8.5, uncontrolled emissions, which to date) [5]. [1] [https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/AdaptingClim...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/AdaptingClimateChange/Pages/Drought.aspx) [2] [3] [https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/UrbanForest/...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/UrbanForest/Pages/About.aspx) [4] [https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/AboutMelbourne/Statistics/P...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/AboutMelbourne/Statistics/Pages/MelbourneSnapshot.aspx) [5] [http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo24...](http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop
 * consequently, ~40% of the city's treEs are dead, oR are iN deCliNe. the cOuncIl now expects thAT 27% of tHe trees will die in the nexT 10 yearS, aND 44% of tHE tRees wIll die iN ThE NExt 20 YeArS.

MeLbOUrNe citY noW is aimiNg to improvE trEe Canopy cover fROm 22% To 40% by
2040 [3], as a meaNs tO reduce the ciTy's TemperAtUre BY 4 degrEes c. TherE is
alsO Work to Capture stOrM Water rUN-off froM THe City To use for irrigatioN.

noTE that this is onlY talkiNg ABoUT melBouRne's city ceNtRe (0.12m
reSIdentiaL PoPULAtiON of 4.2m total) [4].

As an Aside, outsidE Of cIties, tHeRe iS A recenT NatuRe gEosCience paper That
Links lethAl tree WAter strESs thresHolds tO loNg-tErm cLImAtE moDeLS, anD
FoRecASts Tree deatHs DuE to drOughT IN THe soUthWestErn UnIted States by
~2050, aSsuMing THe wOrld fOllowS a hiGh-EmissIons buSinesS-aS-usual scenario
(RcP 8.5, i.e. UncontrolLed EmIssIoNs, whiCH trackS reAliTy to datE) [5].

[1]
[https://wWW.meLbOURNe.Vic.gov.au/SustainabiLiTY/adAptingClIm...](httpS://WwW.mELbourne.vIc.Gov.Au/SuSTAinabIlitY/adAptingClImateCHAnGe/pages/DrOuGht.aspX)
[2] [hTtp://CitIscopE.Org/sTory/2015/caN-melbourNe-lowER-its-
temp...](http://ciTIscope.org/storY/2015/CaN-MElBOurnE-loWer-its-
tempeRatuRE-4-degRees) [3]
[HTtPs://wWW.melbOurne.ViC.GoV.Au/Sustainability/UrbAnforest/...](Https://Www.melbourne.vIc.gov.au/SusTAINability/urbaNfoREst/Pages/About.aSpx)
[4]
[htTps://www.melbOUrne.vic.gOv.au/ABoutMelbOurne/StatISTics/P...](httPs://wWw.mElbOurNE.ViC.gov.au/AboutMeLBOurnE/STatistiCs/PAges/MelBouRnesnaPshOt.Aspx)
[5]
[http://wWw.nature.CoM/nGeO/jOurNal/vaOP/ncurrenT/fUll/NgEo24...](hTtp://wwW.Nature.Com/ngEo/joUrNaL/VaoP
 * consequently, ~40% of t he city'strees  ar e d ea d, o r ar e in decline.T he c ouncil now expects tha t 27%  o f  the tr ees w ill die in t hene xt  10  y e ar s, an d 4 4% of t he trees w ill  d ie in the ne x t20 years.
Me lbourne city  no w is a im ing to im pro ve tr ee can o py cov er from 2 2% to 40% by
2040 [ 3] , as  a means to reduc e  t h e city's tempe rature  b y  4 d egr ees  C. Thereis 
also work to ca p t u res torm water ru n-off fromt hecity t ouse for ir rigat io n .
Note that t hisis only t alking about M e lbourne 's cit y c ent re ( 0 .1 2m 
re si d ent i al  po p ula tion of4. 2m  tota l) [ 4 ] . 
Asanasid e, ou tside of citi es,  the r e i s a r ecent  Nat ur e Geo scienc e pap er  that
links let haltree wate r s tr ess  t hresh o lds to  lo ng- term cl imate m o del s, a n dforecasts tree dea th s du e to dro ught i n  t he southwes te rnUnit e d  Stat es b y 
~ 2050, as suming th eworld f ol lows a  h igh -em issio n s bu siness -as-usua l sce n ario
(RCP 8.5, i.e. uncontro l le d em i ssio ns,  which trac ks r e alit y to da te) [5].
[1][h t tp s ://www.melbourne.vi c. gov.au /Sust ainability/Ad aptingClim . . . ](https: //ww w .m e lbourne.vic.go v.au/ Sustainabi l ity/Adap tingC limateCh ange/Page s / Drought. asp x)[2]  [h t t p: //citiscope.o r g /sto ry /2015/c an- melbour ne- low er- its -temp...]( http://c it is co pe .or g/sto r y/2015/c an -me lb our ne-lo w er-its -
tem pera tu re - 4-d egrees) [3 ] [htt ps :/ /www .me lb ourne .vic . gov .au/Sus tainabili ty/ U rban Fo re st/...] (https://www. me lbourne.vi c. gov .au/Su s t ainabili ty/UrbanForest/Pages/Ab o ut.aspx )
[ 4]
[h ttps ://www.me lbo urne.v ic. g ov.au/ AboutM elbou rn e/S t a tisti c s /P ... ]( https://ww w . mel bourn e. vic. gov.au/ AboutMelbourne/Sta t ist ics/Pages/Mel bou rneS n a ps hot . as p x)[5 ] 
[h t t p://www.nature. com/ngeo/j ou r na l/vaop/ncu r ren t/ full/ng eo24... ](htt p ://www. nature.co m/ngeo/jo ur nal/ v a op
 *_consequently, ~40%_of the city's trees_are dead,_or_are in_decline._The council now_expects that 27%_of the trees will_die in the_next_10 years, and 44% of the trees will die in the next 20 years.

Melbourne_city_now is_aiming_to_improve tree canopy cover from_22% to 40% by
2040 [3],_as a_means to reduce the city's temperature by 4_degrees_C. There is
also_work to capture storm water run-off from the city_to use for irrigation.

Note that this_is only talking_about_Melbourne's_city centre (0.12m
residential population_of 4.2m total) [4].

As an aside,_outside of cities, there is a_recent Nature Geoscience paper that
links lethal tree_water stress thresholds to long-term climate_models, and
forecasts tree deaths due_to drought_in the southwestern United States_by
~2050, assuming the_world follows_a high-emissions business-as-usual_scenario
(RCP 8.5, i.e. uncontrolled emissions, which_tracks reality to_date) [5].

[1]
[https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/AdaptingClim...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/AdaptingClimateChange/Pages/Drought.aspx)
[2] [http://citiscope.org/story/2015/can-melbourne-lower-its-
temp...](http://citiscope.org/story/2015/can-melbourne-lower-its-
temperature-4-degrees) [3]
[https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/UrbanForest/...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/UrbanForest/Pages/About.aspx)
[4]
[https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/AboutMelbourne/Statistics/P...](https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/AboutMelbourne/Statistics/Pages/MelbourneSnapshot.aspx)
[5]
[http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo24...](http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop