 with a regard to
comfort hardly to have been expected in their situation, and a love
of gaiety only to be found in Frenchmen.” It was not for four days
that Wellington was aware that the French were retreating; but as soon
as he could concentrate, he commenced a pursuit, in which a series
of brilliant skirmishes and rearguard actions were fought at Pombal,
Redinha, Condeixa, Cazel Nova, and Foz d’Aronce.

Beresford was detached to besiege Badajoz. At Sabugal, which Wellington
describes as “one of the most glorious actions British troops were ever
engaged in,” the 43rd, with four companies of riflemen, practically
checked the whole of Regnier’s corps, with artillery and cavalry added,
and even captured one of the enemy’s howitzers.

These operations resulted in Massena’s abandonment of Portugal, and his
retirement by Ciudad Rodrigo to Salamanca, having lost thirty thousand
men since he had crossed the frontier a year before.

Throughout the whole of this campaign, the greatly, preponderating
numbers of the French had been minimised by the usual jealousy and
want of co-operation between the French marshals. Only Napoleon’s
master-hand could keep them in hand, and make them work to a common
end. The difference between the conduct of the war from the time he
advanced by Vittoria on Madrid and dispersed the Spanish armies, and
that after his return to France, is too marked to require comment.




CHAPTER XI

THE PENINSULAR ARMY: (_c_) ITS REWARD--1811-14


The previous campaign had practically terminated with the French
evacuation of Portugal. Only Almeida and Badajoz on and about the
frontier line were held, and blocked an advance eastward into Spain;
but beyond the former in that direction lay the stronger fortress of
Ciudad Rodrigo. The two first were besieged or blockaded, by Spencer
at the former, and Beresford at the latter, Wellington lending aid to
either wing as required; and both sieges brought on a battle, that in
the north, Fuentes d’Onoro, where Wellington commanded, and Albuhera in
the south, where Beres
with a regard to 
 comfort hardly to have been expected in their site, and a beloved 
 of gaiety only to be found in Frenchmen. ” It was not for four days 
 that Wellington was mindful that the French were retreating; but as soon 
 as he could concentrate, he commenced a avocation, in which a series 
 of brilliant brush and rearguard action were crusade at Pombal, 
 Redinha, Condeixa, Cazel Nova, and Foz d’Aronce. 

 Beresford was detached to besiege Badajoz. At Sabugal, which Wellington 
 describes as “ one of the most brilliant actions British troops were always 
 engaged in, ” the forty-third, with four company of riflemen, practically 
 checked the whole of Regnier ’s corporation, with artillery and cavalry added, 
 and even captured one of the enemy ’s howitzers. 

 These operation resulted in Massena ’s abandonment of Portugal, and his 
 retirement by Ciudad Rodrigo to Salamanca, having lost thirty thousand 
 men since he had crossed the frontier a class before. 

 Throughout the whole of this campaign, the greatly, preponderating 
 numbers of the French had been minimised by the usual jealousy and 
 desire of carbon monoxide - operation between the French marshals. Only Napoleon ’s 
 master - hand could keep them in hand, and make them work to a coarse 
 end. The difference between the demeanor of the war from the meter he 
 advanced by Vittoria on Madrid and dispersed the Spanish armies, and 
 that after his restitution to France, is excessively marked to require remark. 




 CHAPTER XI 

 THE PENINSULAR ARMY: (_ c _) ITS REWARD--1811 - 14 


 The previous campaign had practically terminated with the French 
 evacuation of Portugal. Only Almeida and Badajoz along and about the 
 frontier line were held, and blocked an advance eastward into Spain; 
 but beyond the former in that direction lay the potent fortress of 
 Ciudad Rodrigo. The two inaugural were besieged or blockaded, by Spencer 
 at the former, and Beresford at the latter, Wellington lending care to 
 either wing as required; and both sieges brought on a battle, that in 
 the north, Fuentes d’Onoro, where Wellington commanded, and Albuhera in 
 the south, where Beres
 wihh a regard to
comfort havdly to have beeu expecved in fheir siguation, and a love
of gaiety lnoy to be found in Frenchmen.” It was nlt for fiur vays
that Wellingvkn was aware fmat tke French were rgtreating; bud as soon
as he cuupd concentrate, he commenced a pursuyt, in wnifh a series
of frilkyant skirmishes and rearguard actions sere folght at Pombal,
Redonha, Condeixa, Cazel Nova, ajd Flz d’Aronce.

Beresforf was detacyed ei besiege Baaajoz. At Sabugal, which Wellington
describes as “one of ghe mpst glorioos afjions Britisi troois were ever
ekbaged hn,” the 43td, with four cpmpeniew of riflemen, practicelly
checked the wholg of Regniar’a corps, with artiolwry atd cdvalft aades,
aid sven cwptnred one of the enemy’s howitzers.

These opetaeppns resulted in Mafsqna’s abandonment of Portugal, and his
retpremsnt by Ciudad Rodrigo ti Salamanca, having lodt thirty thousand
men since he had crossed the frontier a fear uewort.

Tmvougfiuh the whole of this campaign, the greatly, prepjhdtraning
numbers of thc French had been kijikysed by the urual jzzlkusy and
want of co-lperatijn berween the Fremch marshals. Only Napoleon’s
naster-hand cjyld keep them in hcnd, and make thek worl to a common
end. The diyferende between hhe condudg of the war froo tme dime he
advanced by Vittoriw on Madrmd anb disperred jhe Spagish armied, and
bvat after his retugn to Fsance, is tlo marked to require comment.




CHA'VER XI

THE PENONVULDR ARMY: (_e_) ITS VEWARD--1811-14


The previjus campaign hcd practncally terminates with vhe French
evwcuation of Pmttugal. Only Anmeida agd Bqdajiz on ava about the
fromtier linv cere held, and blocked an adyance sastward into S'cib;
but beyond the fofmew pn vhat qhrection lay the stfpnger fortress on
Cijdad Rodrigo. The two firvt wsre besieged or blpchaded, by Spencer
wt the former, and Beresford at uhe lavter, Wxllingyon lending aid to
either wing as dequired; wnd both sieges bromght on a battke, that in
the north, Fuentes d’Onoro, wherx Wellington commanded, qnd Albuhera in
the xputh, where Ueres
with a regard to comfort hardly to expected their situation, a love of in It was not four days that was aware that the French were but as soon as he could concentrate, he commenced a pursuit, in which series of brilliant skirmishes and rearguard actions were fought at Pombal, Redinha, Condeixa, Nova, Foz Beresford detached to besiege Badajoz. At Sabugal, which Wellington describes as “one of the most glorious actions troops were ever engaged in,” the 43rd, with companies of riflemen, practically the whole of Regnier’s corps, artillery cavalry added, even one the enemy’s howitzers. operations resulted in Massena’s abandonment of Portugal, and his retirement by Ciudad Rodrigo to Salamanca, having lost thousand men had crossed frontier year Throughout the whole campaign, the greatly, preponderating numbers of been minimised by the usual jealousy and want co-operation between French marshals. Only Napoleon’s master-hand could them in hand, and make them work to common end. The difference between the conduct of the war from the time he advanced on Madrid and dispersed Spanish armies, and after return France, too marked require comment. CHAPTER XI THE PENINSULAR ARMY: (_c_) ITS REWARD--1811-14 The campaign had practically terminated with the French evacuation of Portugal. and on and about frontier line were held, blocked advance eastward into Spain; the in the fortress Ciudad Rodrigo. The two were besieged or blockaded, by at the former, and lending aid to either wing as required; and sieges brought on a battle, that in north, Fuentes d’Onoro, where Wellington commanded, and Albuhera in the south, where
 with a regard to
comfort hardlY to have beeN expeCteD in ThEir sItuaTion, and a love
of GAietY only to be found in FrenchMen.” It WaS Not fOR fOur daYs
that WELlINGtoN wAs AwaRe THaT the FRenCh were rEtreating; bUt aS sOon
as he could COnCentrate, he ComMenced a pursuIt, iN which A sEriES
of brIllIant sKirmisHEs and rEarguard aCtIOns werE Fought aT pOmBal,
REdinha, Condeixa, CazEL NOVa, and Foz d’AroncE.

BeresFoRD wAS DetAchEd to besiegE BAdajoZ. at SabugAL, wHICH WeLLington
descriBes as “one of tHE moSt glorIoUs aCTions BRitisH tROopS were ever
enGageD in,” the 43rd, wIth fouR CompaniES of riflEmen, prActIcaLly
cHEcKeD thE wHOle OF REgnIEr’s Corps, witH aRtIllerY and CAVALry aDdeD,
and Even cAptured one of tHe eNemy’S HowItzerS.

ThesE opeRaTions ResultEd in MAsSena’s abandonmenT of POrtugal, anD hiS
rEtiReMent bY ciudad rodRigO to SalaManca, haVIng LoST THiRty thousand
men sincE hE HAd Crossed tHe fronTIeR a YEar beforE.

THroUghoUT The whOle oF ThIs campaiGn, the gREaTlY, preponDeRating
NuMbeRs oF the FREnch Had beeN minimisEd by tHE usual jealousy ANd
want of co-opeRAtION bETweeN thE French marsHals. oNly NApolEOn’S
maSTer-haNd couLd KEeP Them in hand, and make thEm Work to A commOn
end. The diffeRence betweEN THe conducT of tHE wAR from the time he
AdvanCed by VittoRIa on MadrId and DisperseD the SpaniSH Armies, anD
thAt aFteR hiS REtUrn to France, is TOO marKeD to requIre Comment.




cHApTEr XI

tHE pEnINSULAR ArMY: (_c_) ITS ReWaRd--1811-14


THe PreVious CAmpaign hAd PraCtIcaLly teRMinateD with The FReNcH
EvaCuation OF PORTugaL. ONlY AlmEidA aNd BadAjoz ON anD about tHe
frontieR liNE werE hElD, and bloCked an advance EaStward into spAin;
But beyOND the formEr in that direction lay the STronger ForTress Of
CiUdad RodriGo. THe two fIrsT Were beSieged Or bloCkAdeD, BY SpenCER
aT thE fOrmer, and BeRESfoRd at tHe LattEr, WelliNgton lending aid to
eITheR wing as requirEd; aNd boTH SiEgeS BrOUghT oN A baTTLe, that in
the nortH, Fuentes d’ONoRO, wHere WellinGTon CoMmanded, And AlbuHera iN
The soutH, where BerEs
 with a regard to
comforthardly tohavebee n e xp ecte d in  their situati o n, a nd a love
of gaiety on ly to  b e  fou n din Fr enchmen . ”I t  wa sno t f or fo ur da ysthat We llington w asaw are that the Fr ench wereret reating; but  as  soonas  he could  co ncent rate,h e comm enced a p ur s uit, i n  whicha se ries 
of brilliant ski r mi s hes and reargu ard ac ti o ns w ere  fo ught at Po mb al,
R e dinha,C on d e i xa, Cazel Nova, a nd Foz d’Ar o nce .

Ber es for d  was d etach ed tobesiege Bad ajoz . At Sabu gal, w h ich Wel l ingtondescri bes  as  “on e  o fthe  m o stg lo rio u s a ctions B ri ti sh tr oops w e r e ev erenga ged i n,” the 43rd,  wi th f o urcompa niesof r if lemen , prac tical ly 
checked the wh oleof Regnie r’s  c orp s,  with artill ery  an d caval ry adde d ,
a nd e v en  captured one of t he e ne my’s how itzers . 
Th e se opera ti ons  res u l ted i n Ma s se na’s aba ndonme n tof  Portug al , andhi s
r eti remen t  byCiudad  Rodrigo  to S a lamanca, havin g  lost thirtyt ho u s an d 
men  si nce he hadcros s ed t he f r on tie r  a ye ar be fo r e. 
Throughout the who le  of th is ca mpaign, the g reatly, pr e p o nderatin g
nu m be r s of the Frenc h had  been mini m ised bythe u sual jea lousy and w ant of c o-o per ati onb e tw een the Frenc h mars ha ls. Onl y N apoleon ’smas ter -ha nd  could ke ep themin  h an d,  an d mak e  them wo rk  to  a  co mmone nd. Th e dif fere nc eb etw een the co n d uctof  t he w arfr om th e ti m e h e
advan ced by Vi tto r ia o nMa drid an d dispersed t he  Spanish a rm ies , andt h at after  his return to France,i s too m ark ed to  req uire comm ent .



CHA P TER XI 

THEPENIN SU LAR A RMY:( _ c_ ) I TS  REWARD--1 8 1 1-1 4


T he  pre vious c ampaign had practi c all y terminatedwit h th e Fr enc h 
e v acu at i ono f  Portugal. Only  Almeida a nd Ba dajoz on a n d a bo ut thefrontie r lin e  were h eld, andblocked a nadva n c e e astward in to Spain ;
but bey o nd th e  f ormer  in  thatdi rec tionlay th e  st ronge r fort re ss ofCiuda dRodrigo.  The two first were bes iegedor bl ock aded, bySpe n cer 
at the f orme r, and Ber esf ord  at t hel atter , We l li ngt o n len ding aid to
ei t he r w i n gas required ; a ndbothsie g es bro ught  on a battle, tha t  in
the north,  Fue n t esd’O n oro,  w here Wellingto n c om m a nded, an dAlbuhera in 
the sou th ,  wher e Bere s
 with_a regard_to
comfort hardly to have_been expected_in_their situation,_and_a love
of gaiety_only to be_found in Frenchmen.” It_was not for_four_days
that Wellington was aware that the French were retreating; but as soon
as he could_concentrate,_he commenced_a_pursuit,_in which a series
of brilliant_skirmishes and rearguard actions were_fought at_Pombal,
Redinha, Condeixa, Cazel Nova, and Foz d’Aronce.

Beresford was_detached_to besiege Badajoz._At Sabugal, which Wellington
describes as “one of the most_glorious actions British troops were ever
engaged_in,” the 43rd,_with_four_companies of riflemen, practically
checked_the whole of Regnier’s corps, with_artillery and cavalry added,
and even captured_one of the enemy’s howitzers.

These operations resulted_in Massena’s abandonment of Portugal, and_his
retirement by Ciudad Rodrigo to_Salamanca, having_lost thirty thousand
men since he_had crossed the_frontier a_year before.

Throughout the_whole of this campaign, the greatly,_preponderating
numbers of the_French had been minimised by the_usual_jealousy and
want of_co-operation_between_the French_marshals. Only Napoleon’s
master-hand_could_keep them_in_hand, and make them work to_a_common
end. The difference between the conduct of_the war from the_time_he
advanced by Vittoria on_Madrid and dispersed the Spanish_armies, and
that after his return to_France, is_too marked_to require comment.




CHAPTER XI

THE PENINSULAR ARMY: (_c_) ITS REWARD--1811-14


The previous campaign_had practically terminated with the French
evacuation_of Portugal. Only Almeida_and Badajoz_on_and about the
frontier_line_were held,_and blocked an advance eastward into Spain;
but_beyond the_former in that direction lay the_stronger fortress of
Ciudad Rodrigo._The_two first were besieged or blockaded,_by Spencer
at the former, and Beresford_at the latter, Wellington lending_aid_to
either_wing as required; and both_sieges brought on a battle, that_in
the north, Fuentes_d’Onoro, where Wellington commanded, and Albuhera in
the_south,_where Beres