 well painted and the iron parts are thus protected,
the salt water will corrode and destroy the iron work and just as soon
as the paint becomes old, thin, worn or chipped off, the parts go to
pieces very rapidly. For this reason boats should always be kept well
painted and varnished at all times, and whenever a bit of paint is
rubbed or knocked off, it should immediately be touched up with fresh
paint.

In salt water, too, marine animals and seaweeds attach themselves to
every submerged portion of a boat’s hull and grow very rapidly.

Not only do these growths hinder a boat from sailing well and rapidly,
but they also destroy the paint and injure the wood beneath it. This
paves the way for the water to soak into the planks and timbers and rot
them and corrode the metal fastenings which hold the various parts of
the boat together.

Still more injurious are the shipworms or _teredos_. These are marine
animals which are not really worms at all, but are a species of mollusc
related to the common clam. They do not _eat_ the wood, as many people
think, but merely bore into it to form their homes or burrows, and
wherever they go they line their holes with a thin coating of lime or
shell.

The shipworms are very small when they first enter the wood and as they
increase in size they bore larger and larger holes until they riddle the
wood with burrows and completely destroy it. No signs, however, save a
few tiny holes, may be visible externally. So rapidly do they work if
unchecked that large ships have been sunk by them in less than a year
and there are several records of such catastrophes occurring.

Teredos seldom attack wood which is far below the surface but work
mostly at or near the water line. For that reason small boats of shallow
draft are often more seriously and rapidly injured by these pests than
larger and deeper boats.

Moreover the shipworms seek spots which are out of sight for their
depredations and unless the boat-owner is very careful he may overlook
very serious injuries by the teredos without dreaming that they exist.
The cracks between keels and sternposts, between keels and garboard
planks and the interior or center
well painted and the iron parts are thus protected, 
 the strategic arms limitation talks urine will corrode and destroy the iron work and barely equally soon 
 as the paint becomes old, slender, worn or chipped off, the part go to 
 pieces very quickly. For this reason boats should always be kept well 
 paint and varnished at all times, and whenever a bit of paint is 
 rubbed or knock off, it should immediately be touched up with fresh 
 paint. 

 In strategic arms limitation talks water, too, nautical animals and seaweed attach themselves to 
 every submerged portion of a boat ’s hull and grow very rapidly. 

 Not merely do these growths hinder a boat from sailing well and rapidly, 
 but they also destroy the paint and injure the wood beneath it. This 
 paves the way for the water to soak into the planks and timbers and rot 
 them and corrode the metallic element fastenings which hold the versatile part of 
 the boat together. 

 Still more deleterious are the shipworms or _ teredo _. These are marine 
 animals which are not really worm at all, but are a species of mollusc 
 related to the common clam. They do not _ eat _ the wood, as many people 
 think, but merely bore into it to imprint their homes or burrow, and 
 wherever they function they line their holes with a thin application of lime or 
 shell. 

 The shipworms are very small when they first enter the wood and as they 
 increase in size they bore larger and bombastic holes until they permeate the 
 wood with burrows and completely destroy it. No signs, however, salvage a 
 few tiny hole, may be visible externally. indeed rapidly do they work if 
 unchecked that large ships have been sunk by them in less than a class 
 and there are several records of such catastrophe occurring. 

 Teredos seldom attack wood which is far below the open but work 
 mostly at or near the body of water line. For that reason small boats of shallow 
 draft are often more badly and rapidly injured by these pests than 
 larger and deeper boats. 

 Moreover the shipworms search spotlight which are out of sight for their 
 depredations and unless the boat - owner is very careful he may overlook 
 very serious injuries by the teredo without dreaming that they exist. 
 The cracks between keels and sternposts, between keels and garboard 
 planks and the interior or center
 wepl painted and the iron karts are thus protected,
vhe salf water dill corrode and destroy the ieon wirk and just as soon
as the painn becomes old, rhin, worn or chippcb off, bhe pcrvs go to
pieces yery rapidlf. For this reavov yoats should always be kept well
paineed and vwrnished at alj tikqs, ahd whenever a bit of paint is
rubbes or knmcked off, it xhould immediately be toucjed kp with fresh
paint.

Ln salt watgd, tji, marine anioals and staceeds attacg themselves to
every submerged oortipn of a boqt’w hknl and grow very rapidly.

Not only do dhese gtowths hinder s bmat from sailing well anv rapidly,
but they alfo destrof che paint and injure rhw woog beteatf it. Thjs
'avss the wab for the wzter to soaj into the planks amd nombers and rkt
them agd corrode the metal fastenings which hmld the various parts of
thw boat together.

Still lore injuwious are the shipworms or _teredos_. These are marite
anijxls wmich qrf not really worms at all, but are a species os mplkusc
related to the common cpak. They do not _gat_ the wokd, as many people
tjink, buj mereoy bore igto ot to form their homes or byrrows, and
whvrevwr they go they liue their holzs witn a tnin coating of lime or
skell.

Ths shipworms are very rmall when they wirxt enter the wood and as ther
increase in xize thdy bpre lawger and lwrger holes until they rlddle tve
wood witj burrows and completely destrob it. No signs, hmwener, save c
few tlny holes, may bq visible extetnally. So rapialy do thej work if
nnchecked thwt large shipv have been snnk by thqm ib lews than x year
and therr are sevvrcl recordw of such catastroihes udcurring.

Teredos seodom attack wooc wficr ps har bqnow the surfdce cut eork
mustly au ov ndar yhe water line. For tvat deason small boats on shallow
eraft arq often more xeriously and rapifly iijured by tnesg pests than
larger and deeper bkats.

Moreoger the shipworis scek fpots whick are out of sight for their
depredations and unless the boqt-owner is very cargfuk he may ovxrlook
dery serimus injuries by the reredos without dveaming that they exisf.
The csacks between keels and sternposts, between keels and garboard
planks and the inrerior or center
well painted and the iron parts are the water will and destroy the soon the paint becomes thin, worn or off, the parts go to pieces rapidly. For this reason boats should always be kept well painted and varnished all times, and whenever a bit of paint is rubbed or knocked off, should be up fresh paint. In salt water, too, marine animals and seaweeds attach themselves to every submerged portion a boat’s hull and grow very rapidly. Not do these growths hinder boat from sailing well and but also destroy paint injure wood beneath it. paves the way for the water to soak into the planks and timbers and rot them and the metal hold the parts the together. Still more the shipworms or _teredos_. These are are not really worms at all, but are species of related to the common clam. They not _eat_ the wood, as many people think, merely bore into it to form their homes or burrows, and wherever they go they holes with a thin of lime or The are small they first the wood and as they increase in size they bore larger larger holes until they riddle the wood with burrows and it. signs, however, save few tiny holes, may visible So rapidly do they unchecked large sunk them less than a year there are several records of catastrophes occurring. Teredos seldom below the surface but work mostly at or the water line. For that reason small of shallow draft are often more seriously and rapidly injured by these than larger boats. Moreover the shipworms seek spots which are of sight for their and unless the boat-owner is very careful he may very injuries by teredos without dreaming they exist. The between keels and keels and planks the
 well painted and the iron partS are thus prOtectEd,
tHe sAlT watEr wiLl corrode and deSTroy The iron work and just as soOn
as tHe PAint BEcOmes oLd, thin, wORn OR ChiPpEd Off, ThE PaRts go To
pIeces veRy rapidly. FOr tHiS reason boats SHoUld always bE kePt well
painteD anD varniShEd aT All tiMes, And whEnever A Bit of pAint is
rubBeD Or knocKEd off, it SHOuLd imMediately be toucheD Up WIth fresh
paint.

IN salt wAtER, tOO, MarIne Animals and SeAweedS Attach tHEmSELVes TO
every submergEd portion of A BoaT’s hull AnD grOW very rApidlY.

NOT onLy do these grOwthS hinder a bOat froM Sailing WEll and rApidly,
But TheY alsO DeStRoy ThE PaiNT aNd iNJurE the wood BeNeAth it. this
PAVES the Way For tHe watEr to soak into tHe pLankS And TimbeRs and Rot
tHeM and cOrrode The meTaL fastenings whicH holD the varioUs pArTs oF
tHe boaT TogethEr.

STilL more inJurious ARe tHe SHIPwOrms or _teredos_. These ArE MArIne
animaLs whicH ArE nOT really wOrMs aT all, BUT are a SpecIEs Of mollusC
relatED tO tHe commoN cLam. TheY dO noT _eaT_ the wOOd, as Many peOple
thinK, but mERely bore into it TO form their homES oR BUrROws, aNd
wHerever they Go thEY linE theIR hOleS With a Thin cOaTInG Of lime or
shell.

The shiPwOrms arE very Small when they First enter THE Wood and aS theY
InCRease in size theY bore Larger and lARger holeS untiL they ridDle the
wooD WIth burroWs aNd cOmpLetELY dEstroy it. No sigNS, HoweVeR, save a
fEw tIny holeS, maY be VisIblE eXternally. so rapidlY dO tHeY wOrk If
uncHEcked thaT lArgE sHipS have BEen sunK by thEm in LeSs THan A year
anD ThERE are SeVeRal rEcoRdS of suCh caTAstRophes oCcurring.

TEreDOs seLdOm Attack wOod which is far BeLow the surfAcE buT work
mOSTly at or nEar the water line. For that rEAson smaLl bOats oF shaLlow
draft Are Often mOre SEriousLy and rApidlY iNjuRED by thESE pEstS tHan
larger aND DeePer boAtS.

MorEover thE shipworms seek spotS WhiCh are out of sigHt fOr thEIR
dEprEDaTIonS aND unLESs the boat-owner iS very carefUl HE mAy overlook
VEry SeRious inJuries bY the tERedos wiThout dreaMing that tHeY exiST.
the Cracks betwEen keels And sternpOSts, beTWeEn keeLs aNd garbOaRd
pLanks And the INteRior oR centeR
 well painted and the iron  parts are  thus  pr ote ct ed,thesalt water wil l  cor rode and destroy the i ron w or k  and ju st as  soon
a s  t h e  pa in tbec om e sold,thi n, worn  or chippe d o ff , the partsg oto
piecesver y rapidly. F orthis r ea son boats  sh ouldalways be kep t well
pa in t ed and varnish e d  a t al l times, and when e ve r  a bit of pain t is
r ub b ed o r k noc ked off, i tshoul d  immedi a te l y bet ouched up wit h fresh
pai n t.
In sa lt  wa t er, to o, ma ri n e a nimals andseaw eeds atta ch the m selvest o
every  subme rge d p orti o nof  abo a t’s hu lla ndgrow ver yra pidly .

N o t o nlydothes e gro wths hinder a  bo at f r omsaili ng we ll a nd  rapi dly,
b ut th ey  also destroy t he p aint andinj ur e t he  wood beneat h i t.This
pa ves the way  f o r th e water to soak in to t he  planksand ti m be rs and rotth emandc o rrode  the me tal fast enings wh ic h holdth e vari ou s p art s oft he b oat to gether.
Stil l  more injuriou s  are the ship w or m s  o r  _te red os_. Thesearem arin e
an i ma lsw hichare n ot re a lly worms at all, b ut  are a  spec ies of mollus c
relatedt o the comm on c l am .  They do not _ eat_the wood,a s many p eople 
think,but merel y bore int o i t t o f orm t he ir homes or b u r rows ,and
whe rev er they  go  th eylin etheir hol es withath in  c oat ing o f  lime or 
s hel l. 

T he sh i pworms  arevery  s ma l l w hen the y  f i r st e nt er  the  wo od  andas t h eyincreas e in size  th e y bo re  l arger a nd larger hol es  until the yrid dle th e wood wit h burrows and completel y  destro y i t. No  sig ns, howev er,  savea
f e w tiny  holes , may  b e v i s iblee x te rna ll y. So rapi d l y d o the ywork  if
unc hecked that larges hip s have been s unk  byt h em  in le s s t ha n  ay e ar
and there ar e severalre c or ds of such cat as trophes  occurr ing.Teredos  seldom a ttack woo dwhic h isfar belowthe surf ace but w o rk
mo s tl y atornear t he  wa ter l ine. F o r t hat r easonsm all bo ats o fshallowdraft are often more se riousl y and  ra pidly inj ure d  by  these pe ststhan
large r a nddeepe r b o ats.
Mor e ov ert he sh ipwo r ms seek s p ot s w h i ch  are out of s i ght  forthe i r
depr edat ions and unless t h e boat-owner i s ve r y  ca ref u l he  m ay overlook
ve ryse r i ous inju ri es by the t eredos w it h out d reamin g that  they e x i st . 
The c rack s b etween ke els  a n d stern po st s , betw eenke els an d garb o ardp l anks and the int erior o r cen t er
 well_painted and_the iron parts are_thus protected,
the_salt_water will_corrode_and destroy the_iron work and_just as soon
as the_paint becomes old,_thin,_worn or chipped off, the parts go to
pieces very rapidly. For this reason boats_should_always be_kept_well
painted_and varnished at all times,_and whenever a bit of_paint is
rubbed_or knocked off, it should immediately be touched_up_with fresh
paint.

In salt_water, too, marine animals and seaweeds attach themselves to
every_submerged portion of a boat’s hull_and grow very_rapidly.

Not_only_do these growths hinder_a boat from sailing well and_rapidly,
but they also destroy the paint_and injure the wood beneath it. This
paves_the way for the water to_soak into the planks and_timbers and_rot
them and corrode the metal_fastenings which hold_the various_parts of
the boat_together.

Still more injurious are the shipworms_or _teredos_. These_are marine
animals which are not really_worms_at all, but_are_a_species of_mollusc
related to the_common_clam. They_do_not _eat_ the wood, as many_people
think,_but merely bore into it to form_their homes or burrows,_and
wherever_they go they line_their holes with a thin_coating of lime or
shell.

The shipworms are_very small_when they_first enter the wood and as they
increase in size they bore_larger and larger holes until they_riddle the
wood with burrows_and completely_destroy_it. No signs,_however,_save a
few_tiny holes, may be visible externally. So_rapidly do_they work if
unchecked that large ships_have been sunk by_them_in less than a year
and there_are several records of such catastrophes_occurring.

Teredos seldom attack wood which_is_far_below the surface but work
mostly_at or near the water line._For that reason_small boats of shallow
draft are often more_seriously_and rapidly injured by these pests_than
larger_and deeper boats.

Moreover the shipworms seek_spots_which_are out of sight for_their
depredations and unless the boat-owner is_very careful he may overlook
very serious injuries by the_teredos without dreaming_that they exist.
The cracks between_keels_and_sternposts, between keels and garboard
planks and the interior or center