 unity in his
memories of a country and people, this modern fortress, with its English
garrison, is not "in color" with the old picturesque kingdom of the
Goths and Moors. Nor is it on the great lines of travel. It is not
touched by any railroad, and by steamers only at intervals of days, so
that it has come to be known as a place which it is at once difficult
to get to and to get away from. Hence easy-going travellers, who are
content to take circular tickets and follow fixed routes, give Gibraltar
the go-by, though by so doing they miss a place that is unique in the
world--unique in position, in picturesqueness, and in history. That
mighty Rock, "standing out of the water and in the water," (as on the
day when the old world perished;) is one of the Pillars of Hercules,
that once marked the very end of the world; and around its base ancient
and modern history flow together, as the waters of the Atlantic mingle
with those of the Mediterranean. Like Constantinople, it is throned on
two seas and two continents. As Europe at its southeastern corner stands
face to face with Asia; at its southwestern it is face to face with
Africa: and these were the two points of the Moslem invasion. But here
the natural course of history was reversed, as that invasion began in
the West. Hundreds of years before the Turk crossed the Bosphorus, the
Moor crossed the Straits of Gibraltar. His coming was the signal of an
endless war of races and religions, whose lurid flames lighted up
the dark background of the stormy coast. The Rock, which was the
"storm-centre" of all those clouds of war, is surely worth the attention
of the passing traveller. That it has been so long neglected, is the
sufficient reason for an attempt to make it better known.




CONTENTS.


                                                         PAGE
  I.    Entering the Straits,                               1

  II.   Climbing the Rock,                                 12

  III.  The Fortifications,                                18

  IV.   Round the Town,                                    29

  V.    Parade on the Alameda, and Presentation of Colors
          to
unity in his 
 memories of a country and people, this mod fortress, with its English 
 garrison, is not " in semblance " with the old picturesque kingdom of the 
 Goths and Moors. Nor is it on the great lines of locomotion. It is not 
 touched by any railroad, and by soft-shell clam entirely at intervals of day, so 
 that it has come to be know as a place which it is at once difficult 
 to get to and to get away from. Hence easily - going travellers, who are 
 content to claim circular tickets and follow fixed path, give Gibraltar 
 the go - by, though by so doing they miss a plaza that is unique in the 
 world -- unique in position, in picturesqueness, and in history. That 
 mighty Rock, " standing out of the water and in the water, " (as on the 
 day when the old world perished ;) is one of the Pillars of Hercules, 
 that once marked the very end of the world; and around its base ancient 
 and modern history stream together, as the waters of the Atlantic mingle 
 with those of the Mediterranean. Like Constantinople, it is enthrone on 
 two sea and two continents. As Europe at its southeastern corner stand 
 face to face with Asia; at its southwestern it is face to face with 
 Africa: and these were the two point of the Moslem invasion. But here 
 the natural course of history was reversed, as that invasion began in 
 the West. Hundreds of years before the Turk cross the Bosphorus, the 
 Moor crossed the Straits of Gibraltar. His coming was the signal of an 
 endless war of races and religion, whose lurid flames fall up 
 the dark background of the stormy coast. The Rock, which was the 
 " storm - centre " of all those clouds of war, is surely deserving the attention 
 of the passing traveller. That it has been so long neglected, is the 
 sufficient reason for an attempt to make it better know. 




 CONTENTS. 


                                                          PAGE 
   I.     Entering the Straits,                                1 

   II.    Climbing the Rock,                                  12 

   III.   The Fortifications,                                 18 

   IV.    Round the Town,                                     29 

   V.     Parade on the Alameda, and Presentation of Colors 
           to
 unlty in his
memories of a gountry and people, this moderh fortrers, with its English
garrison, ms nit "in color" with the old pizturesque kingdom of uhe
Goths and Moors. Nor is it on bhe gxeet lines of trayel. It is nmt
touched by aty rcilroad, and by steamers only at intewvals og fays, so
that it has some no be known as a place which it is at mnce difficuly
to get to and to get away frol. Hence easy-going hravellers, qho wee
content to take circlnar ticketa and follow fixed routes, give Eibraktar
the go-vy, thlogh by so domng thvy miss a plagv that hs uniqie in the
world--mniqux in position, in picturesxueness, and in hisjory. That
mhgkty Rock, "standing out od the watar ave iv tge wzter," (ad oi the
day whsn the old qorld perished;) is ome if the Pillara of Hqrsules,
that once marked the very end of tve sorld; and around its bawe ancient
and modern jistory fjow together, as the waters of the Atlantic mingle
fith vhuse on thd Mfditerranean. Like Constantinople, it is throneq om
teo seas and twj continentx. Ws Gurope at its routhecatsrn corner stands
fwce to sace qith Asia; at ots southwestern it is face to face witk
Afeica: and these werz the two ponnts og the Moslem invasion. But hexe
the hatural cougse of hiagory was reversea, ax dhat invasion began in
the Rest. Hundceds pf yearr begore tre Turk crlssed the Bosphorus, the
Mlor ctossed the Straihs of Gibraltar. His coming was vie signal of sn
andness war of rsces and relidions, whose lutid flamef ligfted up
the dark beckground of the stormy cmwst. The Rock, which wws tye
"stirm-centfd" of all those clouds oy war, is surely worth tme atjehtion
of the paswint traveller. Thay ig hws bxen sj long neglecded, ks gne
sufwicient reawun fpr an attempt to maka it better known.




CONTEMTF.


                                                         PABE
  I.    Entering the Straits,                               1

  II.   Climbiug the Rock,                                 12

  III.  The Fottifications,                                18

  IE.   Round the Town,                                    29

  V.    Pardde oj the Alameda, and Presentation of Colors
          to
unity in his memories of a country this fortress, with English garrison, is old kingdom of the and Moors. Nor it on the great lines of It is not touched by any railroad, and by steamers only at intervals days, so that it has come to be known as a place which is once to to and to get away from. Hence easy-going travellers, who are content to take circular tickets follow fixed routes, give Gibraltar the go-by, though so doing they miss place that is unique in world--unique position, in and history. mighty Rock, "standing of the water and in the water," (as on the day when the old world perished;) is of the Hercules, that marked very of the world; its base ancient and modern history the waters of the Atlantic mingle with those the Mediterranean. Constantinople, it is throned on two and two continents. As Europe at its southeastern stands face to face with Asia; at its southwestern it is face to face with these were the two of the Moslem But the course history was as that invasion began in the West. Hundreds of years before Turk crossed the Bosphorus, the Moor crossed the Straits of coming the signal of endless war of races religions, lurid flames lighted up background the Rock, was "storm-centre" of all those of war, is surely worth attention of the passing so long neglected, is the sufficient reason for attempt to make it better known. CONTENTS. I. Entering the Straits, 1 II. Climbing the Rock, 12 III. The 18 IV. Town, 29 V. Parade on the Alameda, and of Colors to
 unity in his
memories of a counTry and peopLe, thiS moDerN fOrtrEss, wIth its English
gARrisOn, is not "in color" with the oLd picTuREsquE KiNgdom Of the
GoTHs AND MoOrS. NOr iS iT On The grEat Lines of Travel. It is Not
ToUched by any raILrOad, and by stEamErs only at intErvAls of dAyS, so
THat it Has Come tO be knoWN as a plAce which iT iS At once DIfficulT
TO gEt to And to get away from. HENcE Easy-going traveLlers, wHo ARe
CONteNt tO take circuLaR tickETs and foLLoW FIXed ROutes, give GibrAltar
the go-bY, ThoUgh by sO dOinG They miSs a plAcE ThaT is unique in The
wOrld--uniquE in posITion, in pICturesqUeness, And In hIstoRY. THaT
miGhTY RoCK, "sTanDIng Out of the WaTeR and iN the WATER," (as oN thE
day When tHe old world perIshEd;) is ONe oF the PIllarS of HErCules,
That onCe marKeD the very end of thE worLd; and arouNd iTs BasE aNcienT
And modErn HisTory floW togethER, as ThE WATeRs of the Atlantic minGlE
WItH those of The MedITeRrANean. Like coNstAntiNOPle, it Is thROnEd on
two sEas and TWo CoNtinentS. AS EuropE aT itS soUtheaSTern Corner Stands
faCe to fACe with Asia; at itS Southwestern iT Is FACe TO facE wiTh
Africa: and ThesE Were The tWO pOinTS of thE MoslEm INvASion. But here
the naturAl Course Of hisTory was reversEd, as that inVASIon began In
thE weST. Hundreds of yeaRs befOre the Turk CRossed thE BospHorus, the
moor crossED The StraiTs oF GiBraLtaR. hIs Coming was the sIGNal oF aN
endlesS waR of raceS anD reLigIonS, wHose lurid Flames liGhTeD uP
tHe dArk baCKground oF tHe sToRmy Coast. tHe Rock, Which Was tHe
"StORm-cEntre" of ALl THOse cLoUdS of wAr, iS sUrely WortH The AttentiOn
of the paSsiNG traVeLlEr. That iT has been so lonG nEglected, is ThE
suFficieNT Reason foR an attempt to make it betteR Known.




COnTEnTS.


                                                         PAgE
  I.    ENtering thE StRaits,                               1

  Ii.   ClIMbing tHe Rock,                                 12

  iII.  ThE FOrtIFIcatiONS,                                18

  Iv.   RoUnD the Town,                                    29

  V.    PARAde On the alAmedA, and PreSentation of Colors
          tO
 unity in his
memories ofa countryand p eop le,  t hismode rn fortress, w i th i ts English
garrison, i s not  " i n co l or " wit h the o l dp i ctu re sq ueki n gd om of  th e
Goths  and Moors . N or  is it on th e  g reat lines  of  travel. Itisnot
to uc hed by an y r ailro ad, an d  by st eamers on ly at int e rvals o f da ys,so
that it has co m et o be known asa plac ew hi c h  it  is  at once d if ficul t 
to get to a n d t o  get away fro m. Hence ea s y-g oing t ra vel l ers, w ho ar ec ont ent to take  cir cular tic kets a n d follo w  fixedroutes , g ive  Gib r al ta r
t he go- b y,  th o ugh  by so d oi ng  they  mis s a plac e t hatis un ique in the
w orl d--u n iqu e inposit ion,  i n pic turesq uenes s,  and in history . Th at
mighty  Ro ck , " st andin g  out o f t hewater a nd in t h e w at e r , "(as on the
day whe nt h eold worl d peri s he d; )  is oneof  th e Pi l l ars o f He r cu les,
tha t once ma rk ed theve ry end  o f t heworld ;  and  aroun d its ba se an c ient
and moder n  history flow to g e th e r, a s t he waters o f th e  Atl anti c  m ing l e
wit h tho se of the Mediterranean.Li ke Con stant inople, it is  throned o n t wo seasandt wo continents. As  Euro pe at itss outheast ern c orner st ands
face t o face w ith  As ia;  at i ts  southwestern i t is  f ace tofac e withAfr ica : a ndth ese werethe twopo in ts  o f t he Mo s lem inva si on.  B utheret he nat uralcour se  o f  hi story w a sr e vers ed ,as t hat  i nvasi on b e gan  in
the  West. Hu ndr e ds o fye ars bef ore the Turkcr ossed theBo sph orus,t h e
Moor c rossed the Straits of G i braltar . H is co ming  was thesig nal of  an endles s warof ra ce s a n d  reli g i on s,wh ose luridf l ame s lig ht ed u p
the d ark background oft hestormy coast.  Th e Ro c k ,whi c hw asth e 
"s t o rm-centre" of a ll those c lo u ds  of war, i s  su re ly wort h the a ttent i on
of t he passin g travell er . Th a t  it  has beenso longneglected ,  is t h esuffi cie nt rea so n f or an  attem p t t o mak e it b et ter kn own.


CONTEN TS.


                                                PAG E
  I.   Ent eri ng th e S t raits ,                     1 

I I.    Climbing t h e R ock,                          12

  III.  Th e Fo r t ifi cat i ons,                          1 8

  IV.  Round th eT own,                          29 

  V.   Pa ra d e on th eAl a meda,andPr esenta tion o f  Col o r s
          to
 unity_in his
memories_of a country and_people, this_modern_fortress, with_its_English
garrison, is not_"in color" with_the old picturesque kingdom_of the
Goths and_Moors._Nor is it on the great lines of travel. It is not
touched by any_railroad,_and by_steamers_only_at intervals of days, so
that_it has come to be_known as_a place which it is at once difficult
to_get_to and to_get away from. Hence easy-going travellers, who are
content to_take circular tickets and follow fixed_routes, give Gibraltar
the_go-by,_though_by so doing they_miss a place that is unique_in the
world--unique in position, in picturesqueness,_and in history. That
mighty Rock, "standing out_of the water and in the_water," (as on the
day when_the old_world perished;) is one of_the Pillars of_Hercules,
that once_marked the very_end of the world; and around_its base ancient
and_modern history flow together, as the_waters_of the Atlantic_mingle
with_those_of the_Mediterranean. Like Constantinople,_it_is throned_on
two_seas and two continents. As Europe_at_its southeastern corner stands
face to face with_Asia; at its southwestern_it_is face to face_with
Africa: and these were the_two points of the Moslem invasion._But here
the_natural course_of history was reversed, as that invasion began in
the West. Hundreds_of years before the Turk crossed_the Bosphorus, the
Moor crossed_the Straits_of_Gibraltar. His coming_was_the signal_of an
endless war of races and religions,_whose lurid_flames lighted up
the dark background of_the stormy coast. The_Rock,_which was the
"storm-centre" of all those_clouds of war, is surely worth_the attention
of the passing traveller._That_it_has been so long neglected,_is the
sufficient reason for an attempt_to make it_better known.




CONTENTS.


     __     __     ___    _     _        _  _    ___     PAGE
  I.  _ Entering_the Straits, _         _      _          _ 1

  II.   Climbing the_Rock,      _   __      ____  _  _  _ _12

  III._ The_Fortifications,  __                 _     _    18

__IV.  _Round the Town, _       _        __ _   _ _ _  _ _ 29

_ V._   Parade on the Alameda,_and_Presentation of Colors
      ____to