 or boom-and-gaff sail will be better.

It is a great mistake to place too much sail on a boat for nothing is
gained by it and the dangers of sailing are vastly increased. Too much
sail on a boat will invariably and inevitably result in one of three
things. If the boat is not wonderfully stable she will capsize, or will
lean over until she swamps; if so heavy or stable that she still stands
up, the wind will rip the sail or tear out the masts and if neither of
these casualties occur she will simply “drag” sail and will handle
badly. Every boat will sail to the very best advantage with a definite
amount of sail and the amount will vary according to the breeze. Hence
it is no economy to carry on with all sail in a heavy wind, for if the
sail used is adapted to the boat for light winds it stands to reason it
will be far too much in heavy weather.

Flat-bottomed boats are usually very safe if properly handled and not
provided with too much sail, but owing to their shape they capsize very
quickly once they are tipped a trifle too far. For this reason
leg-o’-mutton or gunter sails should be selected for this type of boat,
partly because they offer a small area to the wind near their tops and
because they have the quality of “spilling” the wind when at an angle
and thus preventing the boat from being tipped dangerously. A
flat-bottomed boat may be sailed in perfect safety with these sails when
lug or boom-and-gaff sails of the same area would be extremely
dangerous.

Another matter to remember is that a greater amount of sail may be
safely carried as two or more sails than would be possible in a single
sail, but for boats less than twenty feet over all a multiplicity of
sails is a nuisance. The question of just how much sail should be
carried is a very difficult one to answer, for boats vary in their
stability and a great deal depends upon how they are handled and the
skill of the sailor. For ordinary open boats used for pleasure where a
single sail is carried, the sail area should not greatly exceed one and
one-half times the number of square feet obtained by multiplying the
boat’s length by its extreme breadth. Thus a
or boom - and - gaff sail will be better. 

 It is a great mistake to locate excessively much sail on a boat for nothing is 
 gained by it and the risk of sailing are vastly increased. besides much 
 cruise on a boat will invariably and inevitably result in one of three 
 things. If the gravy boat is not wonderfully stable she will capsize, or will 
 lean over until she swamps; if so arduous or stable that she still stands 
 up, the wind will rip the cruise or tear out the masts and if neither of 
 these casualties happen she will simply “ drag ” sail and will handle 
 badly. Every gravy boat will sail to the very good advantage with a definite 
 amount of sail and the amount will change according to the breeze. Hence 
 it is no economy to carry on with all sail in a heavy wind, for if the 
 sail used is adapted to the boat for light winds it stands to reason it 
 will be far too much in heavy weather. 

 categoric - bottomed boats are usually very dependable if by rights handled and not 
 provided with too much sail, but owe to their shape they capsize very 
 quickly once they are tipped a trifle excessively far. For this reason 
 leg - o’-mutton or gunter sails should be selected for this type of boat, 
 partially because they offer a small area to the wind near their tops and 
 because they have the quality of “ spill ” the wind when at an angle 
 and thus preventing the boat from being tap dangerously. A 
 flat - bottomed boat may be sail in perfect safety with these sails when 
 lug or boom - and - gaff cruise of the same area would be highly 
 dangerous. 

 Another matter to remember is that a greater amount of cruise may be 
 safely carried as two or more sails than would be potential in a single 
 sail, but for boats less than twenty feet over all a multiplicity of 
 sail is a nuisance. The motion of just how much sail should be 
 carried is a very difficult one to answer, for boat vary in their 
 stability and a bang-up deal depends upon how they are handled and the 
 skill of the sailor. For ordinary open gravy boat used for pleasure where a 
 single sail is carried, the sail sphere should not greatly exceed one and 
 one - half time the number of square foot obtained by multiplying the 
 gravy boat ’s length by its extreme breadth. Thus a
 or boom-and-gaff sail will bt better.

It is a gteqt misvake to place tuo much sail on a boat for nltying us
gained by it and the dangers lf sailibg ace vastly increased. Too much
sajp on e boat will invsriably ang inevitably rasjlc in one of three
things. If the boat ys not eojderfully stabje snq wiml capsize, or will
lean over until ahe swakps; if so heafy or stable that she stilp stwnds
up, the wind wipl rip the wail ir tear out ghe masts and if neithgr of
these casualties occur she dill ximply “drat” waip and will hendle
bwdly. Every boat will sail tp the very besb adventate with a definite
amonnt of sail and the wmount winl vary according ti rhe bteeze. Henzw
it is np sconomj tk carry on with all sqil in a heavy wind, fjg if the
sail hsed if wdapted to the boat for light winds it vtahds to reason it
will be far too much in heavi weather.

Fjat-bottomed boats are usually very safe if properny haidued akd nur
pgovided with too much sail, but owing to their ahspv they capsize vevy
quickly once theu wrr tipped a triwle too fzr. For this reason
peg-o’-mutjon or gunter swils should be selected for thiw type of boct,
pqrtly because they offer a smcll arga to yhe wind near their topr ans
because thfy have tgd quality of “spiulikg” dhe wind when at an angle
agd thus pcevencing the boaj from feing tippfd dakcerously. A
flat-bottlmed yoat kay be saiped in perfect safety with thesx sails when
log mr toom-and-gcff salls of the same area would be extremzly
daneerous.

Anotger matver to rememfer is that a hreater amouit of saij mat be
wafely zxrried as two pr more scnls than qould be possible ln a rjngle
sail, but fir voats less than twdntr vext ovqs all a multhplizith of
sakls is a nulsavce. Yhe question of just how much sail should ne
garried iw a very difficult onr to answer, for bowts very in theit
stwbility and a great deal depenss upon hlw bhey are handjed qnd the
skill of the sailor. For ordinary open boats nsed for pleasure wherg a
single sail is cartiec, the sail erea srould not greatly exceed one qnd
one-half times uhe number of square fest obtdined by multiplying the
boat’s length by its extreme breadth. Thus a
or boom-and-gaff sail will be better. It great to place much sail on gained it and the of sailing are increased. Too much sail on a will invariably and inevitably result in one of three things. If the boat not wonderfully stable she will capsize, or will lean over until she swamps; so or that still stands up, the wind will rip the sail or tear out the masts and if of these casualties occur she will simply “drag” and will handle badly. boat will sail to the best with a amount sail the amount will according to the breeze. Hence it is no economy to carry on with all sail in a wind, for sail used adapted the for light winds to reason it will be far heavy weather. Flat-bottomed boats are usually very safe properly handled not provided with too much sail, owing to their shape they capsize very quickly they are tipped a trifle too far. For this reason leg-o’-mutton or gunter sails should for this type of partly because they a area the near their and because they have the quality of “spilling” the wind when an angle and thus preventing the boat from being tipped flat-bottomed may be sailed perfect safety with these when or boom-and-gaff sails of area be matter remember that a greater amount sail may be safely carried two or more sails a single sail, but for boats less than feet over all a multiplicity of sails a nuisance. The question of just how much sail should be carried a very to answer, for boats vary in their stability a great deal depends how they are handled and the skill of the For open boats for pleasure where single sail is the sail area greatly exceed and times square feet obtained by multiplying the length its extreme breadth. Thus a
 or boom-and-gaff sail will be beTter.

It is a gReat mIstAke To PlacE too Much sail on a boaT For nOthing is
gained by it and tHe danGeRS of sAIlIng arE vastly INcREAseD. TOo MucH
sAIl On a boAt wIll invaRiably and iNevItAbly result in ONe Of three
thiNgs. if the boat is nOt wOnderfUlLy sTAble sHe wIll caPsize, oR Will
leAn over untIl SHe swamPS; if so heAVY oR staBle that she still stANdS
Up, the wind will rIp the sAiL Or TEAr oUt tHe masts and If NeithER of
thesE CaSUALtiES occur she will Simply “drag” sAIl aNd will HaNdlE
Badly. EVery bOaT WilL sail to the vEry bEst advantAge witH A definiTE
amount Of sail And The AmouNT wIlL vaRy ACcoRDiNg tO The Breeze. HeNcE
iT is no EconOMY TO carRy oN witH all sAil in a heavy wiNd, fOr if THe
sAil usEd is aDaptEd To the Boat foR lighT wInds it stands to rEasoN it
will be Far ToO muCh In heaVY weathEr.

FLat-BottomeD boats aRE usUaLLY VeRy safe if properly haNdLED aNd not
proVided wITh ToO Much sail, BuT owIng tO THeir sHape THeY capsize Very
quICkLy Once theY aRe tippEd A trIflE too fAR. For This reAson
leg-o’-MuttoN Or gunter sails sHOuld be selecteD FoR THiS Type Of bOat,
partly beCausE They OffeR A sMalL Area tO the wInD NeAR their tops and
becausE tHey havE the qUality of “spillIng” the wind WHEN at an angLe
anD ThUS preventing the Boat fRom being tiPPed dangeRouslY. A
flat-boTtomed boaT MAy be sailEd iN peRfeCt sAFEtY with these saiLS When
LuG or boom-And-Gaff saiLs oF thE saMe aReA would be eXtremely
DaNgErOuS.

AnOther MAtter to rEmEmbEr Is tHat a gREater aMount Of saIl MaY Be
sAfely caRRiED As twO oR mOre sAilS tHan woUld bE PosSible in A single
saIl, bUT for BoAtS less thAn twenty feet oVeR all a multiPlIciTy of
saILS is a nuisAnce. The question of just hoW Much saiL shOuld bE
carRied is a veRy dIfficuLt oNE to ansWer, for Boats VaRy iN THeir
sTABiLitY aNd a great deAL DepEnds uPoN how They are Handled and the
skill OF thE sailor. For ordInaRy opEN BoAts USeD For PlEAsuRE Where a
single saiL is carried, ThE SaIl area shouLD noT gReatly eXceed onE and
oNE-half tiMes the numBer of squaRe Feet OBTaiNed by multiPlying thE
boat’s lenGTh by iTS eXtremE brEadth. THuS a
 or boom-and-gaff sail wil l be bette r.

I t i s a  g reat  mis take to placet oo m uch sail on a boat for  noth in g  isg ai ned b y it an d  t h e  da ng er s o fs ai lingare  vastly  increased . T oo  much
sail o n  a  boat will  in variably and  in evitab ly  re s ult i n o ne of  three things . If thebo a t is n o t wonde r f ul ly s table she will ca p si z e, or will
lea n over  u n ti l she  sw amps; if s oheavy or stab l et h a t s h e still stand s
up, the w i ndwill r ip  th e  sailor te ar out  the mastsandif neithe r of
t h ese cas u altiesoccurshe  wi ll s i mp ly  “d ra g ” s a il  an d  wi ll handl eba dly.Ever y b o at w ill  sai l tothe very best  ad vant a gewitha def init eamoun t of s ail a nd  the amount wil l va ry accord ing  t o t he  bree z e. Hen ceitis no e conomyt o c ar r y on  with all sail inah e av y wind,for if th es ail used  i s a dapt e d  to t he b o at  for lig ht win d sit  stands  t o reas on  it 
wi ll be fartoo mu ch in he avy w e ather.

Flat-b o ttomed boatsa re u su a llyver y safe if p rope r ly h andl e dand not
p rovid ed wi t h too much sail, bu towingto th eir shape the y capsizev e r y
quickl y on c et hey are tipped  a tr ifle too f a r. For t his r eason
le g-o’-mutt o n  or gunt ersai lssho u l dbe selected f o r  thi stype of  bo at,
par tly  be cau seth ey offera smallar ea  t othe  wind near the ir  to ps  an d
bec a use th ey ha ve t he  q u ali ty of “ s pi l l ing”  t he  win d w he n atan a n gle 
and th us preven tin g  the  b oa t frombeing tippedda ngerously.  A 
fl at-bot t o med boat  may be sailed in perfe c t safet y w ith t hese  sails wh enlug or  bo o m-and- gaff s ailsof  th e samea r ea  wo ul d be extre m e lydange ro us.
Anothe r matter to rememb e r i s that a grea ter  amo u n tofs ai l  ma yb e
s a f ely carried astwo or mor es ai ls than wo u ldbe  possib le in a  sing l e
sail,  but forboats les sthan t wen ty feet ov er all a  multipli c ity o f 
s ailsisa nuis an ce.  Thequesti o n o f jus t howmu ch sai l sho ul d be
car ried is a very difficul t oneto an swe r, for bo ats var y in thei r
st ability an d a  gr eat d eal depen ds u p on  ho w  they  are handled a n dthe s ki ll of the s a i l or.  Forord i nary o penboats used for pl e asure where asing l e  sa ili s ca rr ied, the sailare as h ould not  g reatly exce ed one a nd one-h alf ti mes th e numbe r of square  fee t o btained b y m ul t iplying  t he boat’s  len gt h by i ts ext r emeb r eadth. Thus a
 or_boom-and-gaff sail_will be better.

It is_a great_mistake_to place_too_much sail on_a boat for_nothing is
gained by it_and the dangers_of_sailing are vastly increased. Too much
sail on a boat will invariably and inevitably result_in_one of_three
things._If_the boat is not wonderfully_stable she will capsize, or_will
lean over_until she swamps; if so heavy or stable_that_she still stands
up,_the wind will rip the sail or tear out_the masts and if neither of
these_casualties occur she_will_simply_“drag” sail and will_handle
badly. Every boat will sail to_the very best advantage with a_definite
amount of sail and the amount will_vary according to the breeze. Hence
it_is no economy to carry_on with_all sail in a heavy_wind, for if_the
sail used_is adapted to_the boat for light winds it_stands to reason_it
will be far too much in_heavy_weather.

Flat-bottomed boats are_usually_very_safe if_properly handled and_not
provided_with too_much_sail, but owing to their shape_they_capsize very
quickly once they are tipped a_trifle too far. For_this_reason
leg-o’-mutton or gunter sails_should be selected for this_type of boat,
partly because they offer_a small_area to_the wind near their tops and
because they have the quality of_“spilling” the wind when at an_angle
and thus preventing the_boat from_being_tipped dangerously. A
flat-bottomed_boat_may be_sailed in perfect safety with these sails_when
lug or_boom-and-gaff sails of the same area_would be extremely
dangerous.

Another matter_to_remember is that a greater amount_of sail may be
safely carried as_two or more sails than_would_be_possible in a single
sail, but_for boats less than twenty feet_over all a_multiplicity of
sails is a nuisance. The question_of_just how much sail should be
carried_is_a very difficult one to answer,_for_boats_vary in their
stability and a_great deal depends upon how they_are handled and the
skill of the sailor. For ordinary_open boats used_for pleasure where a
single sail_is_carried,_the sail area should not greatly exceed one and
one-half times_the number_of square feet_obtained by multiplying the
boat’s length by its extreme breadth. Thus_a