 accepting either of the asylums
offered by France and Spain, he was induced to claim the protection
of the King of Naples, which was tantamount to throwing himself into
the hands of Austria. From the moment he became the guest of the
unrelenting Ferdinand, his policy bore the impress of the influences
surrounding him.

Great as had been the errors and ingratitude of the Romans, they did
not abandon themselves to anarchy and licence. Count Terenzio Mamiani,
recognised as the leader of the Constitutionalists, and all the local
authorities, were strenuous in their efforts to avert the crisis which
was equally desired by the two extreme parties. The Sardinian cabinet
also laboured to save the constitution, and bring back the Pope to
Rome, without having recourse to foreign Powers. It was not till the
8th of February, 1849, nearly three months after his departure, that
the Republic was proclaimed—not till after the Pontiff had rejected
every overture for an accommodation.

The scenes of bloodshed and excess ascribed to Rome at this time are
almost entirely without foundation. Seven priests fell victims to
popular fury on the discovery of some reactionary plot of which, they
were the promoters; but beyond this crime, there is nothing to lay to
the charge of a population to whom murder is more familiar than to any
other in Christendom. On the contrary, fewer _vendette_, assassinations
from personal motives, and fewer robberies, took place that winter in
the Eternal City than in previous years.

But this moderation was not followed in Ancona, which has acquired
a fatal notoriety from the atrocities perpetrated by its “Infernal
Association” in the name of liberty and the people. In a previous
chapter, I have related the fear and prostration occasioned by this
secret tribunal. The gross culpability of Mazzini, when Chief Triumvir
at Rome, in not immediately commanding the arrest of the assassins,—the
inexplicable supineness of Mattioli, the governor or _Preside_—have
left an indelible stain on the short-lived republic. The pusillanimity
of the Anconitans in submitting to this reign of terror has also not
contributed to raise them in the estimation of Europe
accepting either of the asylums 
 offered by France and Spain, he was induced to claim the auspices 
 of the King of Naples, which was equivalent to throwing himself into 
 the hands of Austria. From the here and now he become the guest of the 
 unrelenting Ferdinand, his policy hold the impress of the influence 
 surrounding him. 

 bang-up as had been the errors and ingratitude of the Romans, they did 
 not abandon themselves to anarchy and license. Count Terenzio Mamiani, 
 recognised as the leader of the Constitutionalists, and all the local 
 authority, were strenuous in their efforts to avert the crisis which 
 was equally desired by the two extreme party. The Sardinian cabinet 
 also laboured to save the united states constitution, and bring back the Pope to 
 Rome, without having recourse to foreign Powers. It was not till the 
 8th of February, 1849, nearly three calendar month after his departure, that 
 the Republic was proclaimed — not till after the Pontiff had rejected 
 every overture for an accommodation. 

 The scene of bloodshed and excess ascribed to Rome at this time are 
 almost wholly without basis. Seven priests fell victims to 
 popular fury on the discovery of some reactionary plot of which, they 
 were the promoters; but beyond this crime, there is nothing to lay to 
 the charge of a population to whom murder is more conversant than to any 
 early in Christendom. On the contrary, fewer _ vendette _, assassinations 
 from personal motif, and fewer robberies, took plaza that winter in 
 the Eternal City than in previous years. 

 But this moderation was not followed in Ancona, which has develop 
 a fatal notoriety from the atrocities perpetrated by its “ Infernal 
 Association ” in the name of liberty and the people. In a previous 
 chapter, I have relate the fear and prostration occasioned by this 
 secret tribunal. The gross blameworthiness of Mazzini, when Chief Triumvir 
 at Rome, in not immediately command the arrest of the assassins,—the 
 inexplicable supineness of Mattioli, the governor or _ Preside_—have 
 left an indelible stain on the short - lived republic. The pusillanimity 
 of the Anconitans in submitting to this reign of panic has also not 
 contribute to raise them in the estimation of Europe
 acfepting either of the asnlums
offered by Yeance end Spajn, he war induced to claim the protertiob
of tye King of Naples, whicf was tannamount ti thcowing himself iifo
the hands or Auscrma. From the momgnt he becama the guest of tfe
bnrelenting Ferdinand, his policy borq the ikpgess of the insluemses
shgriunding him.

Great as had been fhe errmrs and ingrayitude of the Romans, they fid
nlt abandon themselges to anarxhy wbd licence. Cuunt Tereneim Mamiani,
rgcognised as the leader of the Cunsticutionalistw, qnd dll the locel
authjrities, were strenuogs in tneir efforts tp atert the crisis which
was xqually desired by tre two exdrzme parties. The Sardibiqn catined
alsu lacoudev tk save thx constitutjon, and bribg back the Pope to
Toiv, without havjng resotrse to foreign Powers. It was not till uhe
8th of February, 1849, nearly theee months after his feparture, that
the Republic was proclaimed—not till after tha Ponviwf kqd regwched
every overture for an accommodation.

The scegss on bloodshed and cxcess ascribed to Rlmr at this time are
almosf entirely without foundajion. Swven priefts gell victims to
popular fury on the discjcery of some reactnonary plot uf wnich, yhey
were the promoters; yut begond this cgime, thers is nothing to lxy no
tha charge of a population tj whom mucder ns more wamikiar tran to any
lther in Christendom. On hhe clndrary, feweg _vendette_, assassinations
from pxcsonal motivex, dnd fewer rjbberles, took place ehat winter in
jhe Eterncl Cith than in irevious bears.

But thif moderation fws not folloxed in Ansona, whixh has xzquired
a fatal notorietj yrom the qtrocities perpetreted gy its “Infernal
Crwociation” in thr nxme ov kifarty and the peoole. On a orevious
chaitef, I nave related the feas ans prostration occaxijned by jhis
secree tribunal. Thr gross culpabilitj of Kazvini, wnen Chief Triumvir
at Rome, in not jmmediatepy gommanding thq arvest of the asxassins,—the
inexplicable supineness of Mavtioli, the governor or _Preside_—have
left an nncelible stamn on ehe short-nived republic. The pysillanimity
of tht Anconitans in submittjng to this reign of terror has also not
contributed to raise them in the estimation if Europe
accepting either of the asylums offered by Spain, was induced claim the protection which tantamount to throwing into the hands Austria. From the moment he became guest of the unrelenting Ferdinand, his policy bore the impress of the influences him. Great as had been the errors and ingratitude of the Romans, they not themselves anarchy licence. Count Terenzio Mamiani, recognised as the leader of the Constitutionalists, and all the local authorities, strenuous in their efforts to avert the crisis was equally desired by two extreme parties. The Sardinian also to save constitution, bring the Pope to without having recourse to foreign Powers. It was not till the 8th of February, 1849, nearly three after his the Republic proclaimed—not after Pontiff had rejected for an accommodation. The scenes of ascribed to Rome at this time are almost without foundation. priests fell victims to popular fury the discovery of some reactionary plot of which, were the promoters; but beyond this crime, there is nothing to lay to the charge population to whom murder more familiar than any in On contrary, fewer assassinations from personal motives, and fewer robberies, took place that winter the Eternal City than in previous years. But this moderation followed Ancona, which has a fatal notoriety from atrocities by its “Infernal Association” name liberty In previous I have related the and prostration occasioned by this tribunal. The gross culpability at Rome, in not immediately commanding the arrest the assassins,—the inexplicable supineness of Mattioli, the or _Preside_—have left an indelible stain on the short-lived republic. The pusillanimity the Anconitans to this reign of terror has also not to raise them in estimation of Europe
 accepting either of the asyluMs
offered bY FranCe aNd SPaIn, he Was iNduced to claim tHE proTection
of the King of NaplEs, whiCh WAs taNTaMount To throwINg HIMseLf InTo
tHe HAnDs of AUstRia. From The moment hE beCaMe the guest of THe
UnrelentinG FeRdinand, his poLicY bore tHe ImpREss of The InfluEnces
sURroundIng him.

GreAt AS had beEN the errORS aNd inGratitude of the RomANs, THey did
not abandOn themSeLVeS TO anArcHy and licenCe. count tErenzio mAmIANI,
reCOgnised as the lEader of the CONstItutioNaLisTS, and alL the lOcAL
auThorities, weRe stRenuous in Their eFForts to AVert the Crisis WhiCh
wAs eqUAlLy DesIrED by THe Two EXtrEme partiEs. thE SardIniaN CABInet
AlsO labOured To save the consTitUtioN, And Bring Back tHe PoPe To
RomE, withoUt havInG recourse to foreIgn POwers. It waS noT tIll ThE
8th of fEbruarY, 1849, neArlY three mOnths afTEr hIs DEPArTure, that
the RepubliC wAS PrOclaimed—Not tilL AfTeR The PontiFf Had RejeCTEd
eveRy ovERtUre for an AccommODaTiOn.

The scEnEs of blOoDshEd aNd excESs asCribed To Rome at This tIMe are
almost entIRely without foUNdATIoN. seveN prIests fell viCtimS To
poPulaR FuRy oN The diScoveRy OF sOMe reactionary plot of WhIch, theY
were The promoters; bUt beyond thIS CRime, therE is nOThINg to lay to
the chArge oF a populatiON to whom mUrder Is more faMiliar thaN TO any
otheR in chrIstEndOM. on The contrary, feWER _venDeTte_, assaSsiNations
FroM peRsoNal MoTives, and fEwer robbErIeS, tOoK plAce thAT winter iN
tHe ETeRnaL City THan in pRevioUs yeArS.

BUT thIs moderATiON Was nOt FoLlowEd iN ANcona, WhicH Has AcquireD
a fatal noTorIEty fRoM tHe atrocIties perpetraTeD by its “InfeRnAl
ASsociaTIOn” in the nAme of liberty and the peoplE. in a prevIouS
chapTer, I Have relatEd tHe fear And PRostraTion ocCasioNeD by THIs
secRET tRibUnAl. The gross CULpaBilitY oF MazZini, wheN Chief Triumvir
at RoME, in Not immediatelY coMmanDINg The ARrESt oF tHE asSASsins,—the
inexpliCable supinEnESs Of Mattioli, THe gOvErnor or _preside_—Have
lEFt an indElible staIn on the shOrT-livED RepUblic. The puSillanimIty
of the ANConitANs In subMitTing to ThIs rEign oF terroR Has Also nOt
contRiButed tO raisE tHem in the Estimation of Europe
 accepting either of the a sylums
off eredbyFra nc e an d Sp ain, he was in d uced  to claim the protecti on
of  t h e Ki n gof Na ples, w h ic h was  t an tam ou n tto th row ing him self intothe  h ands of Aust r ia . From the  mo ment he beca methe gu es t o f  theunr elent ing Fe r dinand , his pol ic y  boret he impr e s sof t he influences
sur r ou n ding him.

Gre at asha d  b e e n t heerrors and  i ngrat i tude of th e R oma n s, they did
n ot abandont hem selves  t o a n archyand l ic e nce . Count Ter enzi o Mamiani ,
reco g nised a s  the le ader o f t heCons t it ut ion al i sts ,  a nda llthe loca lau thori ties , w e re s tre nuou s intheir efforts  to  ave r t t he cr isiswhic hwas e qually  desi re d by the two ex trem e parties . T he  Sa rd inian cabine t
a lso  labour ed to s a veth e c on stitution, and bri ng b ac k the Po pe toR om e, withoutha vin g re c o urseto f o re ign Powe rs. It wa snot til lthe
8t hofFeb ruary ,  184 9, nea rly thre e mon t hs after his d e parture, that th e Re p ubli c w as proclaim ed—n o t ti ll a f te r t h e Pon tiffha d  r e jected
every overtu re  for a n acc ommodation.
The scenes o f  bloodsh ed a n de xcess ascribed  to R ome at thi s  time ar e
alm ost enti rely with o u t founda tio n.Sev enp r ie sts fell vict i m s to 
p opularfur y on th e d isc ove ryof  some rea ctionary  p lo tof  wh ich,t hey
were  t hepr omo ters; but be yondthis  c ri m e,there i s  n o t hing  t olaytoth e cha rgeo f a  popula tion to w hom murd er  i s morefamiliar than  t o any
othe rinChrist e n dom. Onthe contrary, fewer _ve n dette_,  as sassi nati ons
fromper sonalmot i ves, a nd few er ro bb eri e s , too k pl ace  t hat winter i n
t he Et er nalCity th an in previous yea r s.
But this mod era tion w as  no t  f o llo we d  in A ncona, which ha s acquired 
a fa tal notori e tyfr om theatrocit ies p e rpetrat ed by its  “Inferna lAsso c i ati on” in the  name of  libertya nd th e  p eople . I n a pr ev iou s
cha pter,I  ha ve re latedth e fear  andpr ostratio n occasioned by this
se cret t ribun al.  The gros s c u lpa bility of  Maz zini, when  Ch ief  Triu mvi r 
at R ome, in  no t  imme diat e ly comman d in g t h e  a rrest of th e a ssa ssins ,—t h e
inex plic able supineness o f  Mattioli, the  gov e r nor  or _Pre si de_—have
leftanin d e lible st ai n on the sh ort-live dr epubl ic. Th e pusi llanimi t y 
o f  the A ncon ita ns in sub mit ti n g to th is  r e ign of  ter ro r hasalso n o t
co n t ributed to raise  them i n the est imati on  of Eur o pe
 accepting_either of_the asylums
offered by France_and Spain,_he_was induced_to_claim the protection
of_the King of_Naples, which was tantamount_to throwing himself_into
the_hands of Austria. From the moment he became the guest of the
unrelenting Ferdinand, his_policy_bore the_impress_of_the influences
surrounding him.

Great as had_been the errors and ingratitude_of the_Romans, they did
not abandon themselves to anarchy and_licence._Count Terenzio Mamiani,
recognised_as the leader of the Constitutionalists, and all the_local
authorities, were strenuous in their efforts_to avert the_crisis_which
was_equally desired by the_two extreme parties. The Sardinian cabinet
also_laboured to save the constitution, and_bring back the Pope to
Rome, without having_recourse to foreign Powers. It was_not till the
8th of February,_1849, nearly_three months after his departure,_that
the Republic was_proclaimed—not till_after the Pontiff_had rejected
every overture for an accommodation.

The_scenes of bloodshed_and excess ascribed to Rome at_this_time are
almost entirely_without_foundation._Seven priests_fell victims to
popular_fury_on the_discovery_of some reactionary plot of which,_they
were_the promoters; but beyond this crime, there_is nothing to lay_to
the_charge of a population_to whom murder is more_familiar than to any
other in Christendom._On the_contrary, fewer__vendette_, assassinations
from personal motives, and fewer robberies, took place that winter_in
the Eternal City than in previous_years.

But this moderation was_not followed_in_Ancona, which has_acquired
a_fatal notoriety_from the atrocities perpetrated by its “Infernal
Association”_in the_name of liberty and the people._In a previous
chapter, I_have_related the fear and prostration occasioned_by this
secret tribunal. The gross culpability_of Mazzini, when Chief Triumvir
at_Rome,_in_not immediately commanding the arrest_of the assassins,—the
inexplicable supineness of Mattioli,_the governor or__Preside_—have
left an indelible stain on the short-lived_republic._The pusillanimity
of the Anconitans in submitting_to_this reign of terror has also_not
contributed_to_raise them in the estimation_of Europe