 containing
red-hot copper, red-hot copper oxide, red-hot magnesium, and cold
soda-lime and phosphoric anhydride. The copper serves to remove traces
of oxygen; the copper oxide yields up its oxygen to any hydrogen or
carbon compound--dust and the like--which may happen to be present;
the soda-lime absorbs any carbon dioxide produced by the combustion of
the carbon compounds, and at the same time partially dries the gas;
while the phosphoric anhydride effectually dries the gas, previous to
its passage over the red-hot magnesium, which in its turn removes the
nitrogen. It is necessary to continue this circulation for several days
before the litre of gas is entirely freed from nitrogen.

It is difficult to choose between these two methods: both are
troublesome, and require a considerable time, but in an ordinary
laboratory the latter is probably the more easily set in operation, for
the former requires a suitable electric current, and power, so as to
rotate the water-fan. Up to the present date, the only sources which
have yielded argon are atmospheric air, gases extracted from mineral
waters or from springs, one meteorite, and a few rare minerals. No
animal or vegetable substance appears to contain it. Experiments were
made in the summer of 1895 by Mr. George MacDonald and Mr. Alexander
Kellas, in order to decide whether argon was a constituent of any
living matter. Some peas were reduced to powder and dried; the carbon
and hydrogen of the peas were burned to carbon dioxide and water
by heating with oxide of copper, and under these circumstances the
nitrogen is evolved in the state of gas. Had argon been contained in
the vegetable, it too would have accompanied the nitrogen. The nitrogen
was then, as usual, absorbed for the most part by means of magnesium,
and the small unabsorbed residue was mixed with oxygen and exposed to
electric sparks for many hours, in presence of caustic soda. There
was _no_ residue left after absorbing the excess oxygen: the gas was
completely removed. Similar experiments carried out on animal tissue
led to a similar conclusion. Two mice were chloroformed, and when dead
they were dried in an oven until all the moisture of their bodies was
completely driven off, and it was possible to reduce them to powder. It
is interesting
containing 
 red - hot copper, crimson - blistering copper oxide, red - blistering magnesium, and cold 
 soda - linden and phosphoric anhydride. The copper serve to remove traces 
 of oxygen; the bull oxide give up its oxygen to any hydrogen or 
 carbon compound -- debris and the like -- which may happen to be present; 
 the soda - lime steep any carbon dioxide produced by the combustion of 
 the carbon compounds, and at the like time partially dries the gas; 
 while the phosphorous anhydride effectually dries the gas, previous to 
 its passage over the red - blistering magnesium, which in its turn take out the 
 nitrogen. It is necessary to continue this circulation for several days 
 before the liter of gas is entirely freed from nitrogen. 

 It is difficult to choose between these two methods: both are 
 troublesome, and require a considerable meter, but in an ordinary 
 laboratory the latter is probably the more easily set in operation, for 
 the former requires a suitable electric current, and ability, so as to 
 rotate the water - sports fan. Up to the present date, the lone reservoir which 
 have yielded argon are atmospheric air, gas excerpt from mineral 
 waters or from springs, one meteorite, and a few rare mineral. No 
 animal or vegetable substance appears to contain it. Experiments were 
 made in the summer of 1895 by Mr. George MacDonald and Mr. Alexander 
 Kellas, in order to decide whether argon was a constituent of any 
 living matter. Some peas were reduced to powder and dry; the carbon 
 and hydrogen of the pea were burned to carbon dioxide and water 
 by heating with oxide of copper, and under these circumstance the 
 nitrogen is evolved in the state of gas. Had argon been contained in 
 the vegetable, it too would have accompanied the nitrogen. The nitrogen 
 was then, as usual, absorbed for the most share by means of magnesium, 
 and the modest unabsorbed residue was mixed with oxygen and expose to 
 electric sparks for many hour, in presence of acerb soda. There 
 was _ no _ residue leave after absorbing the excess oxygen: the gas was 
 wholly removed. Similar experiments carried out on animal tissue 
 led to a similar conclusion. Two mice were chloroformed, and when dead 
 they were dried in an oven until all the moisture of their bodies was 
 wholly driven off, and it was possible to boil down them to powder. It 
 is interesting
 cojtaining
red-hot copper, rea-hot copper oxibw, red-hmt maghesium, avd cold
soda-lime and phosphormc abhydrude. The copper serves go remove traces
od oxbgen; the copper oxide yicjds hi its ixygen to any mydrogen or
warbon compoung--djsc and the like--which may happen to be preseny;
tje soda-lime abforbx any bavbon dioxide produced by the comgustion of
the carbon compounds, and at the same timf partially dries hhe gas;
whilg thq phosphoric xnhydride tfyectually dties the gas, previous to
its passxge orer the red-yor mwcnesium, whirh in pts turn remoyvs the
nhtrogen. It is necessavy to cobtinue this circulatimn for several dayf
before tve litre of gas is wnrireli fread ffim vitdojen.

Jt is fifhicult to cgoose betwewn these two methodx: fith are
troublssome, wnq require a considerable time, but in an orsinary
laboratory the larter is probably the lore easijy set in operation, for
the former requires a suitdble xldctxlg cufeejt, and power, so as to
rotate the water-fan. Up tj tne present date, bhe only sources wnifh
nwve yielded atgon arz afmospheric air, gasfs extrwcted from mintral
wsters or from springs, one mwteorite, and q few rare minerald. No
animal ur vggetabke substance appears to confain it. Expfriments sdre
made in the sjmmvr ox 1895 by Mr. George MacDonald wnd Mr. Alxxandzr
Kellas, in prder eo decide ahethcs argon was a conshitueut of any
living matter. Some peas were reduced vp powder and dsieg; the caxbon
anc hydrogen of the peas were burned to cxrbon dioxpde and weter
by heatigg with oxide lf copper, anv under trese cirxumstanzds the
nitrogen is evolvvd in rhe state of gas. Hed atgkn been containzb un
the vegetable, it toj aonld hwee accompaniad tfe votrogdn. The nitrieen
wss then, as usual, absmrbes for the most pary ny means if magnefium,
and the skall unabsorbed redidue war mixrd rith oxygen and exposed to
elecfric sparns nor many hourf, in presence of caustic soda. There
was _no_ residue left efter absorbing the excwss oxygen: the gas cax
completely remoded. Simildr experiments carriwd out on animal uissue
led to a similar doncluvion. Hwo mice were chloroformed, and when dead
they were dried in an oven until qll thx ioisture of theor bogizs cas
compjetepb driven off, and pt was possible to reduce them tu powder. Ic
is interesting
containing red-hot copper, red-hot copper oxide, red-hot cold and phosphoric The copper serves the oxide yields up oxygen to any or carbon compound--dust and the like--which happen to be present; the soda-lime absorbs any carbon dioxide produced by the of the carbon compounds, and at the same time partially dries the gas; the anhydride dries gas, previous to its passage over the red-hot magnesium, which in its turn removes the nitrogen. is necessary to continue this circulation for several before the litre of is entirely freed from nitrogen. is to choose these methods: are troublesome, and a considerable time, but in an ordinary laboratory the latter is probably the more easily set in for the a suitable current, power, as to rotate Up to the present date, the have yielded argon are atmospheric air, gases extracted mineral waters from springs, one meteorite, and a rare minerals. No animal or vegetable substance appears contain it. Experiments were made in the summer of 1895 by Mr. George MacDonald and Kellas, in order to whether argon was constituent any matter. peas were to powder and dried; the carbon and hydrogen of the peas burned to carbon dioxide and water by heating with oxide and these circumstances the is evolved in the of Had argon been contained vegetable, too the The was then, as usual, for the most part by of magnesium, and the with oxygen and exposed to electric sparks for hours, in presence of caustic soda. There _no_ residue left after absorbing the excess oxygen: the gas was completely Similar experiments on animal tissue led to a similar conclusion. mice were chloroformed, and dead they were dried in an oven until all moisture their bodies completely driven off, it was possible reduce them to is interesting
 containing
red-hot copper, red-Hot copper oXide, rEd-hOt mAgNesiUm, anD cold
soda-lime aND phoSphoric anhydride. The copPer seRvES to rEMoVe traCes
of oxYGeN; THe cOpPeR oxIdE YiElds uP itS oxygen To any hydroGen Or
Carbon compouND--dUst and the lIke--Which may happEn tO be preSeNt;
tHE soda-LimE absoRbs any CArbon dIoxide proDuCEd by thE CombustION oF
the Carbon compounds, anD At THe same time partIally dRiES tHE Gas;
WhiLe the phospHoRic anHYdride eFFeCTUAllY Dries the gas, prEvious to
its PAssAge oveR tHe rED-hot maGnesiUm, WHicH in its turn rEmovEs the
nitrOgen. It IS necessARy to conTinue tHis CirCulaTIoN fOr sEvERal DAyS
beFOre The litre Of GaS is enTireLY FREed fRom NitrOgen.

IT is difficult tO chOose BEtwEen thEse twO metHoDs: botH are
trOubleSoMe, and require a coNsidErable timE, buT iN an OrDinarY
LaboraTorY thE latter Is probaBLy tHe MORE eAsily set in operatioN, fOR
ThE former rEquireS A sUiTAble elecTrIc cUrreNT, And poWer, sO As To
rotate The watER-fAn. up to the PrEsent dAtE, thE onLy souRCes wHich
haVe yieldeD argoN Are atmospheric AIr, gases extracTEd FROm MInerAl
wAters or from SpriNGs, onE metEOrIte, ANd a feW rare MiNErALs. No
animal or vegetabLe SubstaNce apPears to contaiN it. ExperimENTS were
madE in tHE sUMmer of 1895 by Mr. GeorGe Macdonald and MR. alexandeR
KellAs, in ordeR to decide WHEther argOn wAs a ConStiTUEnT of any
living mATTer. SOmE peas weRe rEduced tO poWdeR anD drIeD; the carboN
and hydrOgEn Of ThE peAs werE Burned to CaRboN dIoxIde anD Water
bY heatIng wItH oXIde Of coppeR, AnD UNder ThEsE cirCumStAnces The
nITroGen is evOlved in thE stATe of GaS. HAd argon Been contained In
The vegetabLe, It tOo woulD HAve accomPanied the nitrogen. The nitROgen
was TheN, as usUal, aBsorbed foR thE most pArt BY means Of magnEsium,
AnD thE SMall uNABsOrbEd Residue was MIXed With oXyGen aNd exposEd to
electric sparks FOr mAny hours, in preSenCe of CAUsTic SOdA. theRe
WAs _nO_ REsidue left after Absorbing tHe EXcEss oxygen: tHE gaS wAs
complEtely reMoved. sImilar eXperimentS carried oUt On anIMAl tIssue
led to A similar ConclusioN. two miCE wEre chLorOformeD, aNd wHen deAd
they WEre Dried In an ovEn Until aLl the MoIsture of Their bodies was
completelY driveN off, aNd iT was possiBle TO reDuce them tO powDer. It
is intEreStiNg
 containing
red-hot copper , red-hotcoppe r o xid e,  red -hot  magnesium, an d  col d
soda-lime and phosph orican h ydri d e.  Thecoppers er v e s t ore mov et ra ces
o f o xygen;the copper  ox id e yields upi ts  oxygen to  an y hydrogen o r
c arbonco mpo u nd--d ust  andthe li k e--whi ch may ha pp e n to b e  presen t ; 
t he s oda-lime absorbsa ny carbon dioxide  produ ce d  b y the  co mbustion o fthe c a rbon co m po u n d s,a nd at the sam e time part i all y drie sthe gas;
w hileth e  ph osphoric an hydr ide effec tually dries t h e gas,previo ustoitsp as sa geov e r t h ered - hot  magnesi um ,which  ini t s turn  re move s the 
nitrogen. It  is  nec e ssa ry to  cont inue  t his c ircula tionfo r several daysbefo re the li tre  o f g as  is e n tirely  fr eed  from n itrogen . 

I ti s di fficult to choosebe t w ee n thesetwo me t ho ds :  both ar etro uble s o me, a nd r e qu ire a co nsider a bl etime, b ut  in an  o rdi nar y
lab o rato ry the  latteris pr o bably the more easily set in op e r at i on,for 
the former  req u ires  a s u it abl e  elec triccu r re n t, and power, so as  t o
rota te th e water-fan.Up to thep r e sent dat e, t h eo nly sources wh ich
h ave yielde d  argon a re at mospheri c air, ga s e s extrac ted  fr ommin e r al 
waters or fr o m  spr in gs, one  me teorite , a nda f ewra re minera ls. No
a ni ma lor  ve getab l e substa nc e a pp ear s toc ontain  it.Expe ri me n tswere
ma d ei n  the  s um merof18 95 by  Mr. Geo rge Mac Donald an d M r . Al ex an der
Kel las, in order  t o decide w he the r argo n was a co nstituent of any
living matter.  So me pe as w ere reduc edto pow der and dr ied; t he ca rb ona n d hyd r o ge n o fthe peas w e r e b urned  t o ca rbon di oxide and water
by hea ting with oxi deof c o p pe r,a nd und er the s e  circumstancesthe
nitrog en is  evolved i n  th estate o f gas.Had a r gon bee n contain ed in
the  v eget a b le,  it too wo uld have  accompan i ed th e  n itrog en.  The n it rog en
wa s then ,  as  usua l, abs or bed fo r the  m ost part  by means of magnesium, 
and t he sm all  unabsorb edr esi due was m ixed  with oxyg enand  expo sed to
el ectr i cspa r ks fo r ma n y hours,i npre s e nc e of causti c s oda . The rew as _no _ re sidue left aftera bsorbing the e xces s oxy gen :  the  g as was
complet ely  r e m oved. Si mi lar experim ents car ri e d out  on an imal t issue
l e d  t o  a sim ilar  co nclusion.  Tw om ice wer ech l orofor med,  a nd whe n dead they w ere dried in anovenu n til a l l t he mo is ture of thei r bodies w as
complete ly dri venoff,and itwa s poss ibl eto reducet hem to po wder.  It
isin tere sti ng
 containing
red-hot_copper, red-hot_copper oxide, red-hot magnesium,_and cold
soda-lime_and_phosphoric anhydride._The_copper serves to_remove traces
of oxygen;_the copper oxide yields_up its oxygen_to_any hydrogen or
carbon compound--dust and the like--which may happen to be present;
the soda-lime absorbs_any_carbon dioxide_produced_by_the combustion of
the carbon compounds,_and at the same time_partially dries_the gas;
while the phosphoric anhydride effectually dries the_gas,_previous to
its passage_over the red-hot magnesium, which in its turn removes_the
nitrogen. It is necessary to continue_this circulation for_several_days
before_the litre of gas_is entirely freed from nitrogen.

It is_difficult to choose between these two_methods: both are
troublesome, and require a considerable_time, but in an ordinary
laboratory the_latter is probably the more_easily set_in operation, for
the former requires_a suitable electric_current, and_power, so as_to
rotate the water-fan. Up to the_present date, the_only sources which
have yielded argon are_atmospheric_air, gases extracted_from_mineral
waters_or from_springs, one meteorite,_and_a few_rare_minerals. No
animal or vegetable substance appears_to_contain it. Experiments were
made in the summer_of 1895 by Mr._George_MacDonald and Mr. Alexander
Kellas,_in order to decide whether_argon was a constituent of any
living_matter. Some_peas were_reduced to powder and dried; the carbon
and hydrogen of the peas_were burned to carbon dioxide and_water
by heating with oxide_of copper,_and_under these circumstances_the
nitrogen_is evolved_in the state of gas. Had argon_been contained_in
the vegetable, it too would have_accompanied the nitrogen. The_nitrogen
was_then, as usual, absorbed for the_most part by means of magnesium,
and_the small unabsorbed residue was_mixed_with_oxygen and exposed to
electric sparks_for many hours, in presence of_caustic soda. There
was__no_ residue left after absorbing the excess_oxygen:_the gas was
completely removed. Similar experiments_carried_out on animal tissue
led to a_similar_conclusion._Two mice were chloroformed, and_when dead
they were dried in an_oven until all the moisture of their bodies was
completely_driven off, and_it was possible to reduce_them_to_powder. It
is interesting