ions
opposed to all of the laws of warfare the New Englanders went
on with only rudimentary observance of discipline under their
merchant commander. While the cannon boomed in front the men behind
the lines wrestled, and ran races, and fired at targets, though
ammunition was short, and chased French cannon balls for exercise,
bringing back the cannon balls to be used in the guns. Some of the
men went fishing about two miles away. Now and then some of the
fishermen lost their scalps to Indians who prowled about the camps
of the besiegers.

At last the impossible happened. Discouraged by humiliating
failures and badly, though not fatally, battered, mighty Louisburg
surrendered. The strongest work of man in the New World had fallen
to ignorant New England fishermen! The soldiers of France received
the ridicule of the whole Old World and an effort was made from
Versailles to recover the point lost, but unsuccessfully.

Louisburg was restored to the French Crown in 1748 by the treaty
of Aix-la-Chapelle. It was to fall again to English arms in the
Seven Years War, which ended with the complete extinction of French
power in the New World; but with the account of this siege, which
was conducted painfully and formally in accord with the rules of
war, we need have no concern. The great fortress was then destroyed
block by block and Time has continued the work of demolition which
the English began.

While Louisburg and Quebec were great eastern strongholds of the
French in America, their centre of power in the far west was Fort
Chartres on the Mississippi River, at the mouth of the Kaskaskia
River, Illinois. Here they held gay sway over a wilderness empire
that included many Indian tribes and extended over thousands of
miles.

The first Fort Chartres was commenced in 1718 when Lieutenant
Pierre Dugue de Boisbriant, a Canadian holding a French commission,
accompanied by several officers and a large body of troops, arrived
at Kaskaskia by boat from New Orleans. A site was selected about
eighteen miles north of that little village and by the spring of
1720 the fort was substantially completed. It was a stockade of
wood strengthened with earth between the palisades. Within the
enclosure were
ions 
 opposed to all of the laws of warfare the New Englanders go 
 on with lone rudimentary observance of discipline under their 
 merchant commander. While the carom boomed in front the men behind 
 the channel wrestled, and ran race, and fired at targets, though 
 ammunition was brusque, and chased French cannon ball for exercise, 
 bringing back the cannon balls to be used in the guns. Some of the 
 man went fishing about two miles away. immediately and then some of the 
 fishermen lost their scalps to Indians who prowled about the camp 
 of the besiegers. 

 At last the impossible happened. Discouraged by humiliating 
 failures and ill, though not fatally, battered, mighty Louisburg 
 surrendered. The strongest work of man in the New World had fallen 
 to ignorant New England fishermen! The soldiers of France received 
 the ridicule of the whole Old World and an effort was made from 
 Versailles to recover the point lost, but unsuccessfully. 

 Louisburg was restored to the French Crown in 1748 by the treaty 
 of Aix - la - Chapelle. It was to descend again to English arms in the 
 Seven Years War, which ended with the arrant extinction of French 
 exponent in the New World; but with the account of this siege, which 
 was conducted painfully and formally in accord with the dominion of 
 war, we need have no concern. The great fortress was then destroyed 
 blocking by block and Time has continued the work of demolition which 
 the English begin. 

 While Louisburg and Quebec were great eastern strongholds of the 
 French in America, their centre of power in the far west was Fort 
 Chartres on the Mississippi River, at the mouth of the Kaskaskia 
 River, Illinois. Here they hold gay sway over a wilderness empire 
 that included many Indian tribes and offer over thousands of 
 miles. 

 The first Fort Chartres was start in 1718 when Lieutenant 
 Pierre Dugue de Boisbriant, a Canadian holding a French commission, 
 accompanied by several officer and a large consistency of troops, arrived 
 at Kaskaskia by gravy boat from New Orleans. A site was selected about 
 eighteen miles north of that little greenwich village and by the spring of 
 1720 the fort was well completed. It was a stockade of 
 wood strengthened with earth between the palisade. Within the 
 enclosure were
iond
opposed to all of the lxws of warfare jhw New Xnglandsrs went
un with only rudimentary obsxrvabce od discipline under thekr
merchann commandwr. Wiile the cannon ukomed ik frohb the nen behind
the kines wresdled, and ran rdcds, and fired at targets, though
ammunityon was sjort, and chaseq Frtncr cahnon balls for exercise,
bringing badk the bannon balls to br used in the guns. Some of the
len went fishing ahout two mioes wqay. Now and ghen some of the
fisherjen lost their scalps to Indianr who prowled avoyt hve camps
of vhe befiegers.

At last the ikpossibke happened. Dixconragwd by humiliating
failnres and badly, thougr not fatdlmy, battered, mightt Oouisturg
vurrdbdefed. Tie atrongfst work of mzn in the Nww World had fallen
uo ytnorant New Ehgland fyshermen! The soldiers of France receiveg
ths ridicule of the whole Old World and an efflrt was mwde from
Versailles to recover the point lost, but gnsucrersfboly.

Lojushurg was restored to the French Crown in 1748 by ege tgeaty
of Aix-la-Chapclle. It was to falk wgsyn to English arms nh fhe
Seven Years War, which gnded qith the sompkete extinction of French
poqer in the Nvw Wirld; but with the cccount of tkis sigge, whoch
was conducted painfuuly znd formallj in accoda with the rules of
eas, we need have no concern. Ehe great forcress war thgn destwoyed
block by block and Time has clntinoed tha work of femolition which
the English begei.

While Louisborg ang Quebec were great easterg strongholds pf the
Fxench kn America, their rentre of porer in the fas west was Foct
Chartref on the Missisrkppi River, at yhe mouth of the Kawkaskia
River, Illinpis. Gere they held ycy sway over a wikdefnefs ekpyse
that incluged oanh Indixn tribtf cna exyended over thousandv of
jiles.

The first Fory Ghartres qas commqnced in 1718 whem Lieutenant
Pierre Dugux de Buisbroanj, a Canadian holding a French ckmmission,
wccjmpanied by feveval jfficers aud a large body of troops, arrived
at Kaskeskia by boat from New Irleans. A site was xtlected about
xighteqn miles torth of that little village and by tme spring of
1720 the fort sas sutstanhially completed. It was a stockade of
wood strengthened with earth between the pelysades. Withjn tne
encnofbre werq
ions opposed to all of the laws the Englanders went with only rudimentary merchant While the cannon in front the behind the lines wrestled, and ran and fired at targets, though ammunition was short, and chased French cannon balls exercise, bringing back the cannon balls to be used in the guns. Some the went about miles away. Now and then some of the fishermen lost their scalps to Indians who prowled the camps of the besiegers. At last the happened. Discouraged by humiliating and badly, though not fatally, mighty surrendered. The work man the New World fallen to ignorant New England fishermen! The soldiers of France received the ridicule of the whole Old and an made from to the lost, but unsuccessfully. restored to the French Crown in treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. It was to fall again English arms the Seven Years War, which ended the complete extinction of French power in the World; but with the account of this siege, which was conducted painfully and formally in the rules of war, need have no The fortress then block by and Time has continued the work of demolition which the English While Louisburg and Quebec were great eastern strongholds of the America, centre of power the far west was Chartres the Mississippi River, at of Kaskaskia they gay over a wilderness empire included many Indian tribes and over thousands of miles. commenced in 1718 when Lieutenant Pierre Dugue de a Canadian holding a French commission, accompanied several officers and a large body of troops, arrived at Kaskaskia by from New site was selected about eighteen miles north of little village and by spring of 1720 the fort was substantially completed. It a of wood with earth between palisades. Within the were
ions
opposed to all of the laws Of warfare tHe New engLanDeRs weNt
on With only rudimeNTary Observance of discipline Under ThEIr
meRChAnt coMmander. wHiLE The CaNnOn bOoMEd In froNt tHe men beHind
the linEs wReStled, and ran rACeS, and fired aT taRgets, though
aMmuNition WaS shORt, and ChaSed FrEnch caNNon balLs for exerCiSE,
bringINg back tHE CaNnon Balls to be used in thE GuNS. Some of the
men wEnt fisHiNG aBOUt tWo mIles away. NoW aNd theN Some of tHE
fISHErmEN lost their scaLps to IndianS Who ProwleD aBouT The camPs
of tHe BEsiEgers.

At last The iMpossible HappenED. DiscouRAged by hUmiliaTinG
faIlurES aNd BadLy, THouGH nOt fATalLy, batterEd, MiGhty LOuisBURG
SurrEndEred. the stRongest work of Man In thE new world Had faLlen
To IgnorAnt New englaNd Fishermen! The solDierS of France RecEiVed
ThE ridiCUle of tHe wHolE Old WorLd and an EFfoRt WAS MaDe from
Versailles to ReCOVeR the poinT lost, bUT uNsUCcessfulLy.

louIsbuRG Was reStorED tO the FrenCh CrowN In 1748 By The treaTy
Of Aix-lA-CHapEllE. It waS To faLl agaiN to EngliSh armS In the
Seven YearS war, which ended WItH THe COmplEte Extinction oF FreNCh
poWer iN ThE NeW world; But wiTh THe ACcount of this siege, whIcH
was coNductEd painfully anD formally iN ACCord with The rULeS Of
war, we need havE no coNcern. The grEAt fortreSs was Then destRoyed
blocK BY block anD TiMe hAs cOntINUeD the work of demOLItioN wHich
the engLish begAn.

WHilE LoUisBuRg and QuebEc were grEaT eAsTeRn sTrongHOlds of thE
FRenCh In AMericA, Their cEntre Of poWeR iN The Far west WAs fORt
ChArTrEs on The miSsissIppi rIveR, at the mOuth of the kasKAskiA
RIvEr, IllinOis. Here they heLd Gay sway oveR a WilDernesS EMpire
thaT included many Indian tribES and extEndEd oveR thoUsands of
mIleS.

The fiRst fOrt ChaRtres wAs comMeNceD IN 1718 when lIEuTenAnT
Pierre DugUE De BOisbrIaNt, a CAnadian Holding a French commISsiOn,
accompanied By sEverAL OfFicERs ANd a LaRGe bODY of troops, arriveD
at KaskaskIa BY bOat from New oRleAnS. A site wAs selecTed abOUt
eightEen miles nOrth of thaT lIttlE VIllAge and by thE spring oF
1720 the fort wAS subsTAnTiallY coMpleteD. IT waS a stoCkade oF
WooD streNgthenEd With eaRth beTwEen the paLisades. Within the
enclosuRe were
ions
opposed to all of the  laws of w arfar e t heNe w En glan ders went
on w i th o nly rudimentary observ anceof disc i pl ine u nder th e ir m erc ha nt  co mm a nd er. W hil e the c annon boom edin  front the m e nbehind
the  li nes wrestled , a nd ran  r ace s , and  fi red a t targ e ts, th ough
ammu ni t ion wa s  short, a nd  cha sed French cannon ba l ls for exercis e,
bri ng i ng b ack  th e cannon b al ls to be used in t h e g u ns. Some of t he
men went fis hing a bo utt wo mil es aw ay .  No w and thensome  of the
f isherm e n lostt heir sc alps t o I ndi answ ho  p row le d  ab o ut  th e  ca mps
of t he  b esieg ers. A t  las t t he i mposs ible happened . D isco u rag ed by  humi liat in g
fai luresand b ad ly, though notfata lly, batt ere d,  mi gh ty Lo u isburg 
su rre ndered.  The st r ong es t w or k of man in the Ne wW o rl d had fa llen
t o  i gn o rant New  E ngl andf i sherm en!T he  soldier s of F r an ce  receiv ed 
the r id icu leof th e  who le Old  World a nd an effort was mad e  from
Versail l es t or ecov erthe point l ost, butunsu c ce ssf u lly.
Loui sb u rg was restored to the  F renchCrown  in 1748 by t he treatyo f Aix-la-C hape l le .  It was to fal l aga in to Engl i sh armsin th e
SevenYears War , which en ded  wi ththe c om plete extinct i o n of  F rench
p owe r in th e N ewWor ld;  b ut with t he accou nt  o fth issiege ,  which
w as  co nd uct ed pa i nfully  andform al ly inaccordw it h theru le s of 
wa r,  we n eedh ave  no con cern. The  gr e at f or tr ess was  then destroy ed 
block bybl ock  and T i m e has co ntinued the work of dem o litionwhi ch
th e En glish beg an. 

Whil e L o uisbur g andQuebe cwer e great e as ter nstronghold s ofthe
F re nchin Amer ica, their centreo f p ower in the f arwest w as  Fo r tC har tr e s o n the Mississippi  River, at  t h emouth of t h e K as kaskiaRiver,Illin o is. Her e they he ld gay sw ay  ove r a w ildernessempire
t hat inclu d ed ma n yIndia n t ribesan d e xtend ed ove r  th ousan ds ofmi les.
The f ir st FortChartres was commencedin 171 8 whe n L ieutenant 
Pi e rre  Dugue de  Boi sbriant, a  Ca nad ian h old i ng aFren c hcom m issio n,
a c companied by  se v e ra l officersa n d  alarge  bo d y of t roop s, arrived
at Kas k askia by boatfrom N ewOrl e ans.  A  site was sele cte da b out
eigh te en miles no rth of t ha t  litt le vil lage a nd by t h e  s p ring o f
17 20the fortwas  s u bstanti al ly comple ted.  I t wasa stoc k adeo f 
wood strengthen ed wi t h  eart h  be tween  t he pali s ades . Within t he
enclosur e were 
ions
opposed to_all of_the laws of warfare_the New_Englanders_went
on with_only_rudimentary observance of_discipline under their
merchant_commander. While the cannon_boomed in front_the_men behind
the lines wrestled, and ran races, and fired at targets, though
ammunition was short,_and_chased French_cannon_balls_for exercise,
bringing back the cannon_balls to be used in_the guns._Some of the
men went fishing about two miles_away._Now and then_some of the
fishermen lost their scalps to Indians who_prowled about the camps
of the besiegers.

At_last the impossible_happened._Discouraged_by humiliating
failures and badly,_though not fatally, battered, mighty Louisburg
surrendered._The strongest work of man in_the New World had fallen
to ignorant New_England fishermen! The soldiers of France_received
the ridicule of the whole_Old World_and an effort was made_from
Versailles to recover_the point_lost, but unsuccessfully.

Louisburg_was restored to the French Crown_in 1748 by_the treaty
of Aix-la-Chapelle. It was to_fall_again to English_arms_in_the
Seven Years_War, which ended_with_the complete_extinction_of French
power in the New World;_but_with the account of this siege, which
was_conducted painfully and formally_in_accord with the rules_of
war, we need have no_concern. The great fortress was then_destroyed
block by_block and_Time has continued the work of demolition which
the English began.

While Louisburg_and Quebec were great eastern strongholds_of the
French in America,_their centre_of_power in the_far_west was_Fort
Chartres on the Mississippi River, at the_mouth of_the Kaskaskia
River, Illinois. Here they held_gay sway over a_wilderness_empire
that included many Indian tribes and_extended over thousands of
miles.

The first Fort_Chartres was commenced in 1718_when_Lieutenant
Pierre_Dugue de Boisbriant, a Canadian_holding a French commission,
accompanied by several_officers and a_large body of troops, arrived
at Kaskaskia by_boat_from New Orleans. A site was_selected_about
eighteen miles north of that little_village_and_by the spring of
1720 the_fort was substantially completed. It was_a stockade of
wood strengthened with earth between the palisades._Within the
enclosure were