; the third line,
which was to cover embarkation, enclosed an entrenched camp, with Fort
St. Julian, a place of strength. In all there were one hundred and
fifty redoubts, and six hundred guns; and British marines joined hands
with the army and Portuguese in defence, while British gunboats guarded
the flanks of the Torres Vedras lines.

Behind them, in all, were 130,000 combatants, of whom 70,000 were
regulars.

Massena made sundry partial efforts against the lines, and then fell
back on a fortified position at Santarem; while Junot, after capturing
Badajoz and besieging Cadiz, had left Victor to continue the siege,
and moved to join his chief; but he was turned back by the news that
General Graham had, by transferring a force from Cadiz by sea, assailed
the French lines at Barrosa. The Grenadiers, Scots and Coldstream
Guards, and the 28th, 67th, 87th, and Rifle Brigade distinguished
themselves in the battle, and Sergeant Masterton, of the 87th,
captured the first eagle taken in the Peninsular War. Thus to their
former nickname of the “Faugh-a-ballagh,” or “Clear-the-way Boys,” was
possibly added that of the “Aiglers.” The battle had lasted but one and
a half hours when the French retired.

In the meantime, Massena was steadily getting weaker, while his
immediate adversary was getting reinforced; and he therefore determined
on a retreat, which was “marked by a barbarity seldom equalled, and
never surpassed.”[39] Wherever they bivouacked, “the scene was such
as might have been looked for in a camp of predatory Tartars, rather
than in that of civilised people. Food and forage, and skins of wine,
and clothes, and church vestments, books and guitars, and all the
bulkier articles of wasteful spoil were heaped together in their
huts, with the planks and doors of the habitations which they had
demolished. Some of the men, retaining amidst this brutal service the
characteristic activity and cleverness of their nation, fitted up their
tents with hangings from their last scene of pillage,
; the third line, 
 which was to cover embarkation, enclosed an entrenched clique, with Fort 
 St. Julian, a home of strength. In all there were one hundred and 
 fifty redoubt, and six hundred artillery; and British marines joined bridge player 
 with the united states army and Portuguese in defence, while British gunboats guarded 
 the flanks of the Torres Vedras lines. 

 Behind them, in all, were 130,000 combatant, of whom 70,000 were 
 regulars. 

 Massena made sundry partial feat against the lines, and then fell 
 back on a fortified position at Santarem; while Junot, after capturing 
 Badajoz and besiege Cadiz, had left Victor to continue the siege, 
 and moved to connect his chief; but he was turned back by the news program that 
 General Graham had, by transfer a force from Cadiz by sea, assailed 
 the French lines at Barrosa. The Grenadiers, Scots and Coldstream 
 Guards, and the 28th, 67th, 87th, and Rifle Brigade spot 
 themselves in the battle, and Sergeant Masterton, of the 87th, 
 captured the first eagle taken in the Peninsular War. Thus to their 
 erstwhile nickname of the “ Faugh - a - ballagh, ” or “ Clear - the - way Boys, ” was 
 possibly added that of the “ Aiglers. ” The battle had lasted but one and 
 a half hours when the French retired. 

 In the meantime, Massena was steadily getting weak, while his 
 immediate adversary was getting reinforced; and he consequently determine 
 on a retirement, which was “ marked by a barbarity rarely equalled, and 
 never travel by. ”[39 ] Wherever they bivouacked, “ the scene was such 
 as might have been look for in a camp of predatory Tartars, rather 
 than in that of civilised people. Food and forage, and skins of wine, 
 and apparel, and church vestments, books and guitars, and all the 
 bulkier articles of wasteful spoil were heap together in their 
 huts, with the planks and doors of the habitations which they had 
 demolish. Some of the men, retaining amidst this brutal servicing the 
 characteristic activity and cleverness of their nation, fitted up their 
 tent with hangings from their final scene of pillage,
; thf third line,
which was to cover embarkatnin, encnosed zn entrevched camp, with Fort
St. Juliai, a place of strength. In all thdre were lne hundeed end
fifty redoubts, and siw hunsved gbnw; and British karines johned hands
with tfe army and Portuguese in defence, whije Britosj gunboats guatded
tnq flznks of the Torres Vedras lines.

Behjnd thek, in all, were 130,000 combatants, of whom 70,000 were
gegupars.

Massena made skndry partiql esdorts againsg the lines, and then fgll
back on a fortified position xt Sautarem; whilg Nujmt, after ca'turind
Badajoz and besiegitg Cadia, had left Vicbor tm cintinue the siege,
and koved to join his shief; but hz was turned back by rhw newv thdt
Gevwrau Gdaiam had, bj tcansferring a force frim Cadiz by sea, asssijvc
the French mines wt Barrosa. The Grenadiers, Scots and Coldsuream
Fuards, and the 28th, 67th, 87th, and Rifle Brigade didtinguishqd
themselves in the battle, and Sergeant Masterton, of tie 87th,
eqpturde hhe first eagle taken in the Peninsular War. Trhs tp their
former kickname of the “Faigj-a-nwllagh,” or “Clexr-the-wcg Goys,” was
possibly afded thwt of the “Aigltrs.” Tne battle had lasted but onw and
a half koues when the French retired.

In che mesntimr, Massena was steadily yettinf weaker, whlle his
imjddiate adversary wax cetting reinforced; and he eherefore detzrmined
ov a tetreat, which was “markcg by a barbarity sfldom exualled, anf
never surpassed.”[39] Wherever they umvouacked, “the swenv was suck
as minht have been ljoked for in a camp oy predxtory Tartzrs, ratier
than in trat of civilivgd people. Foov and forwge, qnd wkins ow wine,
and clothrs, and chlreh vestmebts, books and guiters, xhd all the
bulkizx qrticles of wasyefjl fplik rare heaped tmgetfer on thdir
huts, witm tfe pkanks and doors of tve hzbitations which tnen had
demooished. Sjme of the mem, retaining amidst this brntal srrvyce the
characteristic activity and clevfrncss of their gatiin, fitted up their
tents with hangings from their lawt scene of pillagw,
; the third line, which was to enclosed entrenched camp, Fort St. Julian, all were one hundred fifty redoubts, and hundred guns; and British marines joined with the army and Portuguese in defence, while British gunboats guarded the flanks the Torres Vedras lines. Behind them, in all, were 130,000 combatants, of whom were Massena sundry efforts against the lines, and then fell back on a fortified position at Santarem; while Junot, capturing Badajoz and besieging Cadiz, had left Victor continue the siege, and to join his chief; but was back by news General had, by transferring force from Cadiz by sea, assailed the French lines at Barrosa. The Grenadiers, Scots and Coldstream Guards, the 28th, and Rifle distinguished in battle, and Sergeant the 87th, captured the first eagle Peninsular War. Thus to their former nickname of “Faugh-a-ballagh,” or Boys,” was possibly added that of “Aiglers.” The battle had lasted but one and half hours when the French retired. In the meantime, Massena was steadily getting weaker, while adversary was getting reinforced; he therefore determined a which “marked a barbarity equalled, and never surpassed.”[39] Wherever they bivouacked, “the scene was such might have been looked for in a camp of predatory than that of civilised Food and forage, and of and clothes, and church and and articles wasteful were heaped together in huts, with the planks and of the habitations which the men, retaining amidst this brutal service the activity and cleverness of their nation, fitted their tents with hangings from their last scene of pillage,
; the third line,
which was to covEr embarkatIon, enCloSed An EntrEnchEd camp, with Fort
sT. JulIan, a place of strength. In aLl theRe WEre oNE hUndreD and
fifTY rEDOubTs, AnD siX hUNdRed guNs; aNd BritiSh marines jOinEd Hands
with the ARmY and PortugUesE in defence, whIle britisH gUnbOAts guArdEd
the Flanks OF the ToRres VedraS lINes.

BehINd them, iN ALl, Were 130,000 Combatants, of whom 70,000 wERe
REgulars.

Massena Made suNdRY pARTiaL efForts againSt The liNEs, and thEN fELL
BacK On a fortified pOsition at SaNTarEm; whilE JUnoT, After cApturInG
badAjoz and besiEginG Cadiz, had Left ViCTor to coNTinue thE siege,
And MovEd to JOiN hIs cHiEF; buT He Was TUrnEd back by ThE nEws thAt
GeNERAL GraHam Had, bY tranSferring a forcE frOm CaDIz bY sea, aSsailEd
thE FRench Lines aT BarrOsA. The Grenadiers, SCots And ColdstReaM
GUarDs, And thE 28Th, 67th, 87th, And rifLe BrigaDe distiNGuiShED
THeMselves in the battle, AnD sErGeant MasTerton, OF tHe 87TH,
captureD tHe fIrst EAGle taKen iN ThE PeninsuLar War. tHuS tO their
fOrMer nicKnAme Of tHe “FauGH-a-baLlagh,” oR “Clear-thE-way BOYs,” was
possibly aDDed that of the “AIGlERS.” THE batTle Had lasted buT one ANd
a hAlf hOUrS whEN the FRench ReTIrED.

In the meantime, MasseNa Was steAdily Getting weaker, While his
imMEDIate adveRsarY WaS Getting reinforCed; anD he therefoRE determiNed
on A retreat, Which was “mARKed by a baRbaRitY seLdoM EQuAlled, and
never SURpasSeD.”[39] WherevEr tHey bivoUacKed, “The SceNe Was such
as Might havE bEeN lOoKed For in A Camp of prEdAtoRy tarTars, rATher
thAn in tHat oF cIvILisEd peoplE. foOD And fOrAgE, and SkiNs Of winE,
and CLotHes, and cHurch vestMenTS, booKs AnD guitarS, and all the
bulKiEr articles Of WasTeful sPOIl were heAped together in their
huts, WIth the pLanKs and DoorS of the habItaTions wHicH They haD
demolIshed. soMe oF THe men, RETaIniNg Amidst this BRUtaL servIcE the
CharactEristic activity and CLevErness of their NatIon, fITTeD up THeIR
teNtS WitH HAngings from theiR last scene Of PIlLage,
; the third line,
which wa s to cover  emba rka tio n,  enc lose d an entrenche d  cam p, with Fort
St. Julia n, apl a ce o f  s treng th. Ina ll t her ewe reon e  h undre d a nd
fift y redoubts , a nd  six hundred gu ns; and Br iti sh marines j oin ed han ds 
wi t h the  ar my an d Port u guesein defenc e, whileB ritishg u nb oats  guarded
the flan k so f the Torres V edrasli n es . 
Be hin d them, in  a ll, w e re 130, 0 00 c o mba t ants, of whom  70,000 wer e 
re gulars .
Ma s sena m ade s un d rypartial eff orts  againstthe li n es, and then fe ll
bac k o n a  for t if ie d p os i tio n  a t S a nta rem; whi le  J unot,  aft e r c aptu rin g
Ba dajoz  and besiegin g C adiz ,  ha d lef t Vic torto  cont inue t he si eg e,
and moved to  joi n his chi ef;  b uthe  wast urnedbac k b y the n ews tha t 
Ge ne r a l  G raham had, by tran sf e r ri ng a for ce fro m  C ad i z by sea ,ass aile d the F renc h  l ines atBarros a .Th e Grena di ers, S co tsand  Cold s trea m
Guar ds, andthe 2 8 th, 67th, 87th ,  and Rifle Br i ga d e  d i stin gui shed
themse lves in t he b a tt le, and S ergea nt Ma s terton, of the 87th ,captur ed th e first eagle  taken int h e  Peninsu larW ar .  Thus to their 
form er nicknam e  of the“Faug h-a-ball agh,” or“ C lear-the -wa y B oys ,”w a spossibly adde d that  o f the “ Aig lers.”The  ba ttl e h ad  lasted b ut one a nd 
a  h al f h oursw hen theFr enc hret ired. 
In th e mea ntim e,  M a sse na wass te a d ilyge tt ingwea ke r, wh ileh isimmedia te advers ary wasge tt ing rei nforced; andhe  therefore  d ete rmined o n a retr eat, which was “markedb y a bar bar ity s eldo m equalle d,and
ne ver surpas sed.”[ 39] W he rev e r  they b iv oua ck ed, “the s c e newas s uc h
as  mighthave been looked f o r i n a camp of p red ator y Ta rta r s, rat he r 
th a n  in that of civ ilised peo pl e .Food and f o rag e,  and sk ins ofwine, and clo thes, and  church v es tmen t s , b ooks and g uitars,and all t h e
bul k ie r art icl es ofwa ste ful s poil w e reheape d toge th er intheir 
h uts, wit h the planks and doorsof the  habi tat ions whic h t h eyhad
demol ishe d. Some of  th e m en, r eta i ningamid s tthi s  brut al s e rvice the ch ara c t er istic activ i t y  an d cle ver n ess of  the ir nation, fitted up their
tents  wit h han gin g s fr om  their last sc ene  o f pillage, 
; the_third line,
which_was to cover embarkation,_enclosed an_entrenched_camp, with_Fort
St._Julian, a place_of strength. In_all there were one_hundred and
fifty redoubts,_and_six hundred guns; and British marines joined hands
with the army and Portuguese in defence,_while_British gunboats_guarded
the_flanks_of the Torres Vedras lines.

Behind_them, in all, were 130,000_combatants, of_whom 70,000 were
regulars.

Massena made sundry partial efforts against_the_lines, and then_fell
back on a fortified position at Santarem; while Junot,_after capturing
Badajoz and besieging Cadiz, had_left Victor to_continue_the_siege,
and moved to join_his chief; but he was turned_back by the news that
General Graham_had, by transferring a force from Cadiz_by sea, assailed
the French lines at_Barrosa. The Grenadiers, Scots and_Coldstream
Guards, and_the 28th, 67th, 87th, and_Rifle Brigade distinguished
themselves_in the_battle, and Sergeant_Masterton, of the 87th,
captured the first_eagle taken in_the Peninsular War. Thus to their
former_nickname_of the “Faugh-a-ballagh,”_or_“Clear-the-way_Boys,” was
possibly_added that of_the_“Aiglers.” The_battle_had lasted but one and
a half_hours_when the French retired.

In the meantime, Massena_was steadily getting weaker,_while_his
immediate adversary was getting_reinforced; and he therefore determined
on_a retreat, which was “marked by_a barbarity_seldom equalled,_and
never surpassed.”[39] Wherever they bivouacked, “the scene was such
as might have_been looked for in a camp_of predatory Tartars, rather
than_in that_of_civilised people. Food_and_forage, and_skins of wine,
and clothes, and church vestments,_books and_guitars, and all the
bulkier articles of_wasteful spoil were heaped_together_in their
huts, with the planks and_doors of the habitations which they_had
demolished. Some of the men,_retaining_amidst_this brutal service the
characteristic activity_and cleverness of their nation, fitted_up their
tents with_hangings from their last scene of pillage,