IES OF TRAVEL, TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS.

For the convenience of the closely occupied who have not time to study
as they read, I have thought it well to condense the information above
referred to in a paragraph, which can be taken in at a glance, in
connection with the map.

The one great port of Asia Minor is Constantinople. To reach the centre,
known as Anatolia or Armenia, there are two routes from Constantinople.
One by way of the Mediterranean Sea to Alexandretta, the southern port
or gateway; the other by the Black Sea, to reach the northern ports of
Samsoun and Trebizond, lying along the southern coast of the Black Sea.
There is no land route, but a "pony post," like the overland days of
California, takes important dispatches for the government, or money. The
way is infested by brigands.

There are no regular passenger boats, but Russia, Austria, France and
Greece have dispatch--in reality, coasting boats--one of which aims to
leave Constantinople each week, although at first we found it at least
two weeks between the times of sailing and irregular at that.

The time from Constantinople to Alexandretta is eight to ten days. From
Constantinople to Samsoun, two days. From either of these ports the
interior must be reached by land.

      From Alexandretta to Harpoot is fifteen (15) days,
        "       "       "  Marash is five (5) days.
        "       "       "  Zeitoun is seven (7) days.
        "       "       "  Oorfa is six (6) days.
        "       "       "  Diarbekir is twelve (12) days.
      On the north from Samsoun to Harpoot is fifteen (15) days.

These journeys were made by horse, mule or donkey, over mountain paths,
rocks and precipices. Only in comparatively a few places are there roads
allowing the passing of a wheeled vehicle of any kind, even the passing
of a horse along the steep declivities is sometimes dangerous.


COMMUNICATIONS.

As will be seen, the sending of a letter from Constantinople to the
interior, requires at
IES OF TRAVEL, TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS. 

 For the convenience of the closely occupied who get not meter to study 
 as they read, I have thought it well to digest the information above 
 referred to in a paragraph, which can be taken in at a glance, in 
 association with the map. 

 The one great larboard of Asia Minor is Constantinople. To reach the centre, 
 know as Anatolia or Armenia, there are two routes from Constantinople. 
 One by way of the Mediterranean Sea to Alexandretta, the southern port 
 or gateway; the other by the Black Sea, to achieve the northern ports of 
 Samsoun and Trebizond, lying along the southerly coast of the Black Sea. 
 There is no land route, but a " pony military post, " like the overland days of 
 California, takes important dispatches for the government, or money. The 
 direction is infested by brigands. 

 There are no regular passenger boats, but Russia, Austria, France and 
 Greece have dispatch -- in reality, coasting boats -- one of which aims to 
 leave Constantinople each week, although at first we found it at least 
 two weeks between the times of sailing and atypical at that. 

 The clock time from Constantinople to Alexandretta is eight to ten days. From 
 Constantinople to Samsoun, two sidereal day. From either of these port the 
 interior must be reached by land. 

       From Alexandretta to Harpoot is fifteen (15) day, 
         "        "        "   Marash is five (5) days. 
         "        "        "   Zeitoun is seven (7) days. 
         "        "        "   Oorfa is six (6) days. 
         "        "        "   Diarbekir is twelve (12) days. 
       On the union from Samsoun to Harpoot is fifteen (15) days. 

 These journeys were made by horse, mule or donkey, over mountain paths, 
 rocks and precipices. Only in comparatively a few places are there road 
 allowing the pass of a wheeled vehicle of any kind, even the passing 
 of a horse along the steep declivities is sometimes dangerous. 


 COMMUNICATIONS. 

 As will be watch, the sending of a letter from Constantinople to the 
 interior, requires at
IES OF TRAVEL, TRANSPORTATIOK AND COMMUNICATNINS.

For the cknvenienze of the closely occupied wio hqve nit time to study
as theh read, I jave thoyght ut well to condensc the lnforketion above
refetred to in a paragraph, whiwh ccn be taken in at a glance, in
connectyon witn hhe map.

The one grese podn if Asia Minor is Constantinopme. To rtach the centre,
knoen as Anatolia or Armenia, hherf are two routes fgom Constanjjno[oe.
One by way of the Mediterranean Aea to Alexandretta, the southerv porc
or gateway; tye ljher by the Ulack Fea, to reach the nordhern pprts of
Samsoun anv Trwbizond, lying along tie southern coast of the Blacn Aea.
There is no labd routg, but a "puby oosu," lmke the ogermand days kf
Californiq, takes important dos[qtches for ths govewnient, or money. The
way is infested by bricanss.

There are no regular passenger boats, but Rossia, Austwia, France and
Greece have dispatch--in reality, coasding uoxts--inc of qhlch aims to
leave Constantinople each week, altrkubh at first we fjund it at kewsy
jwo weeks betwgen the tijes of sailing and irregujar ar that.

The timr from Constantinople to Alwxandretta if eight to ten days. From
Constautinopke to Samsoun, two days. From zither of these plrts the
ihgerior must be rdacmed by land.

      From Alexandwetta to Iarpopt is fkftegn (15) dayf,
        "       "       "  Marash is five (5) gays.
        "       "       "  Zeitoun is setxn (7) days.
        "       "       "  Oorfa is six (6) days.
        "       "       "  Diarbeiir is vwelve (12) days.
      On the tlrth from Saksoun to Harpoot is fifgden (15) days.

These journeys were made by horse, mule or vonkgy, over mountain 'ctys,
rocks and previpkcef. Lnky hn comparatieely a wrw plxces art tmerd rosds
allowing the passhng kf a wheeled vehicke of any jind, eveg the passing
pf a horse along tje stxep derlivitoes is sometimes dangerous.


COMMUNIDATIONS.

As wijl be seen, tre scndigg of a lecter from Constantinople to the
interior, cequires at
IES OF TRAVEL, TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS. For of closely occupied have not time I thought it well condense the information referred to in a paragraph, which be taken in at a glance, in connection with the map. The one port of Asia Minor is Constantinople. To reach the centre, known as Anatolia Armenia, are routes Constantinople. One by way of the Mediterranean Sea to Alexandretta, the southern port or gateway; the by the Black Sea, to reach the northern of Samsoun and Trebizond, along the southern coast of Black There is land but "pony post," like overland days of California, takes important dispatches for the government, or money. The way is infested by There are passenger boats, Russia, France Greece have dispatch--in boats--one of which aims to leave although at first we found it at least weeks between times of sailing and irregular at The time from Constantinople to Alexandretta is eight ten days. From Constantinople to Samsoun, two days. From either of these ports the interior reached by land. From to Harpoot is (15) " " is five days. " " " Zeitoun is seven (7) days. " " Oorfa is six (6) days. " " " Diarbekir is days. the north from to Harpoot is fifteen days. journeys were made by or over and Only comparatively a few places there roads allowing the passing a wheeled vehicle of of a horse along the steep declivities is dangerous. COMMUNICATIONS. As will be seen, the of a letter from Constantinople to the interior, requires at
IES OF TRAVEL, TRANSPORTATION aND COMMUNIcATIOnS.

FOr tHe ConvEnieNce of the closelY OccuPied who have not time to stUdy
as ThEY reaD, i hAve thOught it WElL TO coNdEnSe tHe INfOrmatIon Above
reFerred to in A paRaGraph, which caN Be Taken in at a GlaNce, in
connectIon With thE mAp.

THE one gReaT port Of Asia mInor is constantiNoPLe. To reACh the ceNTRe,
KnowN as Anatolia or ArmeNIa, THere are two routEs from coNStANTinOplE.
One by way oF tHe MedITerraneAN SEA TO AlEXandretta, the sOuthern port
OR gaTeway; tHe OthER by the black seA, To rEach the nortHern Ports of
SaMsoun aND TrebizONd, lying Along tHe sOutHern COaSt Of tHe bLacK seA.
ThERe iS no land rOuTe, But a "pOny pOST," LIke tHe oVerlAnd daYs of
CaliforniA, taKes iMPorTant dIspatChes FoR the gOvernmEnt, or MoNey. The
way is infeSted By brigandS.

ThErE arE nO reguLAr passEngEr bOats, but russia, AUStrIa, fRANcE and
Greece have dispAtCH--In Reality, cOastinG BoAtS--One of whiCh AimS to
lEAVe ConStanTInOple each Week, alTHoUgH at firsT wE found It At lEasT
two wEEks bEtween The times Of saiLIng and irregulaR At that.

The time FRoM cOnSTantInoPle to AlexanDretTA is eIght TO tEn dAYs. FroM
ConsTaNTiNOple to Samsoun, two dayS. FRom eitHer of These ports the
Interior muST BE reached By laND.

      FROm Alexandretta To HarPoot is fiftEEn (15) days,
        "       "       "  MaRash iS five (5) dayS.
        "       "       "  Zeitoun iS SEven (7) days.
        "       "       "  oorFa iS siX (6) daYS.
        "       "       "  diArbekir is twelVE (12) Days.
      on The nortH frOm SamsoUn tO HaRpoOt iS fIfteen (15) dayS.

These joUrNeYs WeRe mAde by HOrse, mule Or DonKeY, ovEr mouNTain paThs,
roCks aNd PrECipIces. OnlY In COMparAtIvEly a Few PlAces aRe thERe rOads
allOwing the pAssINg of A wHeEled vehIcle of any kind, EvEn the passiNg
Of a Horse aLONg the steEp declivities is sometimeS DangeroUs.


CoMMUNiCATiONS.

As wilL be Seen, thE seNDing of A letteR from coNstANTinopLE To The
InTerior, requIREs aT
IES OF TRAVEL, TRANSPORTAT ION AND CO MMUNI CAT ION S. 

Fo r th e convenienceo f th e closely occupied who  have  n o t ti m eto st udy
ast he y rea d,  I  ha ve th ought  it  well t o condense  th einformationa bo ve
referre d t o in a parag rap h, whi ch  ca n  be t ake n inat a g l ance,in
connec ti o n with the map . 
T he o ne great port ofA si a  Minor is Cons tantin op l e. T o r eac h the cent re ,
kno w n as An a to l i a  or Armenia, ther e are two r o ute s from  C ons t antino ple.On e  by  way of the  Med iterranea n Seat o Alexa n dretta,  the s out her n po r tor  ga te w ay; th e o t her  by theBl ac k Sea , to r e a ch t henort hernports of
Sams oun  and Tre bizon d, ly ingal ong t he sou thern  c oast of the Bla ck S ea.
There  is  n o l an d rou t e, but  a"po ny post ," like the  o v e r la nd days of
Califor ni a ,  t akes imp ortant di sp a tches fo rthe  gov e r nment , or mo ney. The 
way i s  i nf ested b ybrigan ds .
The re ar e  noregula r passen ger b o ats, but Russi a , Austria, Fr a nc e an d 
Gre ece  have dispa tch- - in r eali t y,  co a sting  boat s- - on e  of which aims to
l ea ve Con stant inople each w eek, altho u g h  at firs t we fo u nd it at least 
twoweeks betw e en the t imesof saili ng and ir r e gular at  th at. 

T het i me  from Constan t i nopl eto Alex and retta i s e igh t t o t en  days. Fr om
Const an ti no pl e t o Sam s oun, two  d ays .Fro m eit h er ofthese  por ts  t h e
i nterior mu s t  bere ac hedbyla nd.
    Fr om Alex andrettatoH arpo ot  i s fifte en (15) days, 
       "    "    "  Maras h is five (5) days.
      "     "     "  Zeito unis sev en( 7) day s.
      "   "   " Oo rfa is six ( 6)days. 
      "      "       "  Dia r bek ir is twelve(12 ) da y s .   O n t he nor t h  from Samsoun t o Harpootis fi fteen (15) day s. 

These  journe ys we r e madeby horse,  mule ordo nkey , ove r mountain  paths,rocks and preci p ic es. O nly  in co mp ara tivel y a fe w  pl acesare th er e road s
all ow ing thepassing of a wheeled ve hicleof an y k ind, even  th e  pa ssing
ofa ho rse alongthe  st eep d ecl i vitie s is so met i mes d ange r ous.


CO M MU NIC A T IO NS.

As wil l b e s een,the sendin g of  a letter from Co n stantinople to  the i nte rio r , re qu ires at
IES OF_TRAVEL, TRANSPORTATION_AND COMMUNICATIONS.

For the convenience_of the_closely_occupied who_have_not time to_study
as they read,_I have thought it_well to condense_the_information above
referred to in a paragraph, which can be taken in at a glance,_in
connection_with the_map.

The_one_great port of Asia Minor_is Constantinople. To reach the_centre,
known as_Anatolia or Armenia, there are two routes from_Constantinople.
One_by way of_the Mediterranean Sea to Alexandretta, the southern port
or gateway;_the other by the Black Sea,_to reach the_northern_ports_of
Samsoun and Trebizond, lying_along the southern coast of the_Black Sea.
There is no land route,_but a "pony post," like the overland_days of
California, takes important dispatches for_the government, or money. The
way_is infested_by brigands.

There are no regular_passenger boats, but_Russia, Austria,_France and
Greece have_dispatch--in reality, coasting boats--one of which_aims to
leave Constantinople_each week, although at first we_found_it at least
two_weeks_between_the times_of sailing and_irregular_at that.

The_time_from Constantinople to Alexandretta is eight_to_ten days. From
Constantinople to Samsoun, two days._From either of these_ports_the
interior must be reached_by land.

   _  From Alexandretta to Harpoot_is fifteen_(15) days,
_       "   _   "  _   _" _Marash_is five (5)_days.
_ _     " _ _   "  _   _"_ Zeitoun is seven (7) days.
_     _ "   ___ "   _   "  Oorfa_is six (6)_days.
      __"     __"     __"_ Diarbekir is twelve (12)_days.
     _On the north from Samsoun to Harpoot is fifteen_(15) days.

These journeys_were made by horse, mule_or_donkey,_over mountain paths,
rocks and precipices. Only in comparatively a few_places are_there roads
allowing the_passing of a wheeled vehicle of any kind, even the_passing
of a horse along the steep declivities_is sometimes dangerous.


COMMUNICATIONS.

As will be seen, the sending of a letter_from Constantinople to the
interior, requires at