making their way round the southern extremity of Greenland. This opinion
is mainly founded upon the belief that Thorgils Orrabeinsfostre fell
in with Eskimos upon the east coast, and that this was the Norsemen's
first encounter with them. I have already, in a note on the preceding
page, remarked on the untrustworthiness of this evidence; and such a
theory as to the route of the Eskimo immigration stands, as we know,
in direct conflict with the accounts given in the sagas, from which
it appears (as above) that the Eskimos came from the north and not
from the south, the Wester-district having been destroyed before the
Easter-district. It appears, moreover, that we can draw the same
conclusion from an Eskimo tradition in which their first encounter
with the old Norsemen is described. In former days, we are told, when
the coast was still very thinly populated, a boatful of explorers came
into Godthaab-fiord and saw there a large house whose inhabitants were
strange to them, not being Kaladlit--that is, Eskimo. They had suddenly
come upon the old Norsemen. These, on their side, saw the Kaladlit for
the first time, and treated them in the most friendly fashion. This
happened, it will be observed, in Godthaab-fiord, which was in the
ancient Wester-district--that is to say, the more northern colony. There
is another circumstance which, to my thinking, renders improbable the
route conjectured by Dr. Rink, and that is that if they made their way
around the northern extremity of the country, they must, while in these
high latitudes, have lived as the so-called Arctic Highlanders--that is,
the Eskimos of Cape York and northwards--now do; in other words, they
must have subsisted chiefly by hunting upon the ice, must have travelled
in dog-sledges, and, while in the far north, must have used neither
kaiaks nor woman-boats, since the sea, being usually ice-bound, offers
little or no opportunity for kaiak-hunting or boating of any sort. It
may not be in itself impossible that, when they came further south and
re
making their way round the southern extremity of Greenland. This public opinion 
 is chiefly founded upon the belief that Thorgils Orrabeinsfostre descend 
 in with Eskimos upon the east slide, and that this was the Norsemen's 
 first encounter with them. I have already, in a eminence on the precede 
 page, remarked on the untrustworthiness of this evidence; and such a 
 hypothesis as to the path of the Eskimo immigration stands, as we sleep together, 
 in direct conflict with the account given in the sagas, from which 
 it appears (as above) that the Eskimos came from the north and not 
 from the confederacy, the Wester - district having been destroyed before the 
 Easter - district. It appears, moreover, that we can reap the same 
 conclusion from an Eskimo custom in which their first meeting 
 with the old Norsemen is identify. In former days, we are told, when 
 the seashore was still very thinly populated, a boatful of explorers came 
 into Godthaab - fiord and saw there a large house whose inhabitants were 
 strange to them, not being Kaladlit -- that is, Eskimo. They had suddenly 
 come upon the old Norsemen. These, on their side, saw the Kaladlit for 
 the first time, and treat them in the most friendly fashion. This 
 happen, it will be observe, in Godthaab - fiord, which was in the 
 ancient Wester - district -- that is to say, the more northern colony. There 
 is another context which, to my thinking, renders improbable the 
 path conjectured by Dr. Rink, and that is that if they made their direction 
 around the northern extremity of the country, they must, while in these 
 high latitudes, have lived as the so - call Arctic Highlanders -- that is, 
 the Eskimos of Cape York and northwards -- now do; in other words, they 
 must have exist chiefly by hunting upon the ice rink, must have travel 
 in dog - sledges, and, while in the far north, must have used neither 
 kaiaks nor woman - boats, since the sea, being normally ice - restrict, offers 
 little or no opportunity for kaiak - search or boating of any sort. It 
 may not be in itself impossible that, when they issue forth further south and 
 re
maklng their way round the routhern extremnry of Jreenlahd. This upinion
is mainly founded upoi thw beluef that Thorgils Orraceinsfostge fell
in witi Eskimos upon tis east gjast, wnd chet this was the Norsemen's
xirst encountes dich them. I have already, in a note on ehe prevefing
page, remarhed pg ths untrustworthiness of this evidende; and vuch a
theory ss to the route of the Esklmo lmmigration stands, as we know,
un dyeect conflicg with the accounts giben in the sagas, from which
it aopearx (as above) tyat jhe Eskimos rame fgom the north and not
xrom thr south, the Wextec-disrrict having been desvroyed before the
Easjer-districd. Nt appears, moreover, tyar we wan graw rhe saje
rondlusioj fcom an Eskijo traditiob in which their fitse encounter
witg the jlq Norsemen is described. In former days, fe zre told, when
the coast qas still very thinly populateq, a boatful of explorers came
into Godthaab-fiord atd sax ghexc x lwrge house whose inhabitants were
strange to trsm, npt being Kaladjit--that is, Rsnikj. They had suadenly
ekms upon the old Nordemen. Trese, in their fide, saw the Kaladlit for
the fiest time, and rreated them in thz most frienbly faxhion. This
happened, it will bz obsedved, in Godhhaab-fiors, which was in thd
anbiend Wester-district--that is to say, the nore northefn cplony. Ehere
is anlther circumstance which, to mi thinning, rendegs improbable the
route conjectucxd by Dr. Rink, atd nhat is tkat if they made thqir way
around jhe northzrn exgremity of the conntry, they mtst, while in djese
high latmtudes, hade luved as the ro-called Arctiv Highlanbtrs--that is,
rhe Eskimos of Capc Yory and northwards--uuq do; in other wprdr, trej
muxt vave subsistad cfiewky by hunting upiv thr ice, must have travalles
in dog-sledges, and, wmile in tye far njrth, must havr used neither
kaians noc womai-boats, sigce the sea, being usually ice-bkund, offegs
llttle or no o[porbunijy for kaial-hunting or boating of any sort. It
may nit be in itself impossible that, when jhen came furthxr soueh and
re
making their way round the southern extremity This is mainly upon the belief with upon the east and that this the Norsemen's first encounter with them. have already, in a note on the preceding page, remarked on the untrustworthiness this evidence; and such a theory as to the route of the Eskimo stands, we in conflict with the accounts given in the sagas, from which it appears (as above) that the came from the north and not from the the Wester-district having been before the Easter-district. It appears, that can draw same from Eskimo tradition in their first encounter with the old Norsemen is described. In former days, we are told, when the was still populated, a of came Godthaab-fiord and saw large house whose inhabitants were strange being Kaladlit--that is, Eskimo. They had suddenly come the old These, on their side, saw the for the first time, and treated them in most friendly fashion. This happened, it will be observed, in Godthaab-fiord, which was in the is to say, the northern colony. There another which, my renders improbable route conjectured by Dr. Rink, and that is that if they their way around the northern extremity of the country, they in high latitudes, have as the so-called Arctic is, Eskimos of Cape York do; other have chiefly hunting upon the ice, have travelled in dog-sledges, and, in the far north, nor woman-boats, since the sea, being usually ice-bound, little or no opportunity for kaiak-hunting or of any sort. It may not be in itself impossible that, when came further re
making their way round the souThern extreMity oF GrEenLaNd. ThIs opInion
is mainly fOUndeD upon the belief that ThorGils ORrABeinSFoStre fEll
in wiTH ESKImoS uPoN thE eASt Coast, And That thiS was the NorSemEn'S
first encounTEr With them. I hAve Already, in a noTe oN the prEcEdiNG
page, RemArked On the uNTrustwOrthiness Of THis eviDEnce; and SUCh A
theOry as to the route of THe eSkimo immigratiOn stanDs, AS wE KNow,
In dIrect conflIcT with THe accouNTs GIVEn iN The sagas, from wHich
it appeaRS (as Above) tHaT thE eskimoS came FrOM thE north and noT
froM the south, The WesTEr-distrICt havinG been dEstRoyEd beFOrE tHe
EAsTEr-dIStRicT. it aPpears, moReOvEr, thaT we cAN DRAw thE saMe
coNclusIon from an EskiMo tRadiTIon In whiCh theIr fiRsT encoUnter
wIth thE oLd Norsemen is desCribEd. In formeR daYs, We aRe Told, wHEn
the cOasT waS still vEry thinLY poPuLATEd, A boatful of explorerS cAME
iNto GodthAab-fioRD aNd SAw there a LaRge HousE WHose iNhabITaNts were
sTrange TO tHeM, not beiNg kaladlIt--ThaT is, eskimO. they Had sudDenly
comE upon THe old Norsemen. THEse, on their sidE, SaW THe kAladLit For
the first Time, ANd trEateD ThEm iN The moSt friEnDLy FAshion. This
happened, iT wIll be oBservEd, in Godthaab-fIord, which wAS IN the
anciEnt WEStER-district--that iS to saY, the more noRThern colOny. ThEre
is anoTher circuMSTance whiCh, tO my ThiNkiNG, ReNders improbabLE The
rOuTe conjeCtuRed by Dr. rinK, anD thAt iS tHat if they Made theiR wAy
ArOuNd tHe norTHern extrEmIty Of The CountRY, they mUst, whIle iN tHeSE
hiGh latitUDeS, HAve lIvEd As thE so-CaLled ARctiC higHlanderS--that is,
thE EsKImos Of caPe York aNd northwards--nOw Do; in other wOrDs, tHey
musT HAve subsiSted chiefly by hunting upoN The ice, mUst Have tRaveLled
in dog-SleDges, anD, whILe in thE far noRth, muSt HavE USed neITHeR
kaIaKs nor woman-BOAts, Since ThE sea, Being usUally ice-bound, offerS
LitTle or no opportUniTy foR KAiAk-hUNtINg oR bOAtiNG Of any sort. It
may nOt be in itseLf IMpOssible thaT, WheN tHey came Further South ANd
re
making their way round the  southernextre mit y o fGree nlan d. This opinio n 
ismainly founded upon th e bel ie f  tha t  T horgi ls Orra b ei n s fos tr efel li nwithEsk imos up on the eas t c oa st, and that th is was the  No rsemen's
fir stencoun te r w i th th em.  I ha ve alr e ady, i n a noteon the pr e cedingp a ge , re marked on the unt r us t worthiness ofthis e vi d en c e ; a ndsuch a
the or y ast o the r o ut e o f t h e Eskimo immi gration sta n ds,  as we  k now , 
in di rectco n fli ct with the  acc ounts giv en int he saga s , fromwhichitapp ears (a sabo ve )  th a tthe Esk imos cam efr om th e no r t h andnot 
fro m the  south, the W est er-d i str ict h aving  bee ndestr oyed b efore  t he
Easter-distr ict.  It appea rs,  m ore ov er, t h at wecan  dr aw thesame
co n clu si o n fr om an Eskimo tradi ti o n  i n whichtheirf ir st encounte rwit h th e old N orse m en  is desc ribed. In  f ormer d ay s, wear e t old , whe n 
the  coast  was sti ll ve r y thinly popul a ted, a boatfu l  o f ex p lore rscame
into G odth a ab-f iord an d s a w the re ala r ge house whose inhabit an ts wer e
str ange to them,  not being K a ladlit-- that is ,  Eskimo. Theyhad s uddenly
co m e upon t he ol d Norsem en. These , on their  si de,  sa w t h e  K aladlit for
t h e  fir st  time,and  treate d t hem  in  th emost frie ndly fas hi on .Th ishappe n ed, it w il l b eobs erved ,  in Go dthaa b-fi or d, whi ch wasi nt h e
an ci en t We ste r- distr ict- - tha t is to  say, the  mo r e no rt he rn colo ny. There
isan other circ um sta nce wh i c h, to my  thinking, renders impr o bable t heroute  con jecturedbyDr. Ri nk, and th at isthatif  th e y  made t he irwa y
around t h e  no rther nextr emity o f the country, the y  mu st, while inthe se
h i g hlat i tu d es,  h a vel i ved as the so-c alled Arct ic Hi ghlanders- - tha tis,
the  Eskimo s ofC ape Yor k and nor thwards-- no w do ; inother word s, theymust have subsi s te d chi efl y by h un tin g upo n thei ce,  must  havetr avelle d
indo g-sledge s, and, while in the fa r nort h, mu sthave used  ne i the r
kaiaksnorwoman-boat s,sin ce th e s e a, be ingu su all y  ice- boun d , offersl it tle o rno opportun i t y  fo r kai ak- h unting  orboating of any so r t. It
may notbe i n its elf impo ss ible that, whe n t he y came fur th er south an d
re
making their_way round_the southern extremity of_Greenland. This_opinion
is_mainly founded_upon_the belief that_Thorgils Orrabeinsfostre fell
in_with Eskimos upon the_east coast, and_that_this was the Norsemen's
first encounter with them. I have already, in a note on_the_preceding
page, remarked_on_the_untrustworthiness of this evidence; and_such a
theory as to the_route of_the Eskimo immigration stands, as we know,
in direct_conflict_with the accounts_given in the sagas, from which
it appears (as above)_that the Eskimos came from the_north and not
from_the_south,_the Wester-district having been_destroyed before the
Easter-district. It appears, moreover,_that we can draw the same
conclusion_from an Eskimo tradition in which their_first encounter
with the old Norsemen is_described. In former days, we_are told,_when
the coast was still very_thinly populated, a_boatful of_explorers came
into Godthaab-fiord_and saw there a large house_whose inhabitants were
strange_to them, not being Kaladlit--that is,_Eskimo._They had suddenly
come_upon_the_old Norsemen._These, on their_side,_saw the_Kaladlit_for
the first time, and treated them_in_the most friendly fashion. This
happened, it will_be observed, in Godthaab-fiord,_which_was in the
ancient Wester-district--that_is to say, the more_northern colony. There
is another circumstance which,_to my_thinking, renders_improbable the
route conjectured by Dr. Rink, and that is that if_they made their way
around the northern_extremity of the country,_they must,_while_in these
high latitudes,_have_lived as_the so-called Arctic Highlanders--that is,
the Eskimos of_Cape York_and northwards--now do; in other words,_they
must have subsisted chiefly_by_hunting upon the ice, must have_travelled
in dog-sledges, and, while in the_far north, must have used_neither
kaiaks_nor_woman-boats, since the sea, being_usually ice-bound, offers
little or no opportunity_for kaiak-hunting or_boating of any sort. It
may not be_in_itself impossible that, when they came_further_south and
re