 with the animals; in spaces in close proximity to
  water-closets; in fact not a place that even suggested shelter was
  unoccupied. The smell and presence of human excrement were
  everywhere, and this, added to divers other odors, made the air a
  fit place for the culture of disease germs. So much for the hygienic
  conditions of the place.

  Diseases.--I regret that I am unable to give the exact number of
  those afflicted with each individual disease; to ascertain this
  would have taken too much valuable time. We found it a difficult
  task even to make a true estimate of the number ill with acute
  diseases. Our first estimate sent you, viz., 1400 dysentery and
  diarrhoea, 600 typhus fever, afterwards proved nearly correct,
  _i.e._, if we take about three hundred from the typhus and add to
  the dysentery. These were acute cases. Of the refugees, ninety-eight
  per cent complained and were treated for diseases such as chronic
  dysentery, diarrhoea, dropsy (usually those recovering from
  typhus), rheumatism, bronchitis, dyspepsia, malaria; all were
  suffering from anæmia and debility.

  Causes.--Overcrowding and bad air; but that condition bordering on
  starvation was the principal cause of all the sickness. I should
  add, many of the cases of diarrhoea were caused from eating a soup
  made from grass, weeds, buds and leaves of shrubs and trees. In fact
  anything green that could be gathered in the fields was boiled in
  water to which a small quantity of flour was added. This diet was
  especially dangerous to children.

  Treatment.--We were soon convinced that if we expected to gain the
  upper hand of all this sickness and save even a remnant of the
  refugees, we must first feed the sick, and then when they were
  well--to give the former every possible chance to get well, and to
  prevent the well from becoming ill. Second, we must try in every way
  in our power to get the refugees to return to their homes, or at all
  events to camp out in the fields. The first day
with the animals; in spaces in close proximity to 
   water - wardrobe; in fact not a home that even suggested shelter was 
   unoccupied. The smell and bearing of human excrement were 
   everywhere, and this, added to divers early smell, made the breeze a 
   fit place for the culture of disease microbe. So much for the hygienic 
   condition of the place. 

   Diseases.--I regret that I am unable to give the exact number of 
   those afflict with each individual disease; to ascertain this 
   would have taken too a lot valuable time. We found it a unmanageable 
   task even to lay down a true appraisal of the number ill with acute 
   diseases. Our first appraisal sent you, viz. , 1400 dysentery and 
   diarrhoea, 600 typhus fever, afterwards proved nearly correct, 
   _ i.e. _, if we take about three hundred from the typhus and add to 
   the dysentery. These were acute cases. Of the refugees, ninety - eight 
   per cent complained and were treated for diseases such as chronic 
   dysentery, diarrhoea, edema (normally those recovering from 
   typhus), rheumatism, bronchitis, dyspepsia, malaria; all were 
   suffer from anæmia and debility. 

   Causes.--Overcrowding and bad air; but that circumstance bordering on 
   starvation was the chief cause of all the sickness. I should 
   add, many of the case of diarrhoea were caused from eating a soup 
   made from eatage, weeds, buds and leaves of shrubs and tree. In fact 
   anything green that could be accumulate in the sphere was boiled in 
   water to which a small measure of flour was added. This diet was 
   especially dangerous to children. 

   Treatment.--We were soon convinced that if we expected to gain the 
   upper hand of all this sickness and save even a end of the 
   refugees, we must foremost feed the sick, and then when they were 
   well -- to give the former every possible opportunity to get well, and to 
   prevent the well from become ill. Second, we must try in every room 
   in our power to get the refugees to return to their homes, or at wholly 
   events to camp out in the fields. The first sidereal day
 wihh the animals; in spaces in close proximity to
  wated-closets; in fact not a place that evxn syggesuvd shelter was
  unoccjpied. The smell abd pcesence of human excremekc wers
  evzrbwhere, and this, added to givers other ogofs, made the air a
  fit place for the sulture ov disease germf. So iuch for the hygienic
  conditions of tge plact.

  Diseases.--I regrey that I am unable to give the exact number of
  hhose afflixted qith each inaividual dpvease; to aacertain this
  would have taken too kuch valuavlw tlke. We found it a difficult
  bssk evan to mske a true estlmate of the number ill with ecute
  diseases. Our sirst esthmcte sent you, viz., 1400 dyswnrery dnd
  diafehoda, 600 tbphhs fevfr, efterwards lroved nearoy correct,
  _i.e._, if wt twje about thres hundweq from the typhus and add to
  the dysenuery. Fhese were acute cases. If the refugees, nineti-eight
  pew cent complained and were treated for diseases sgch aa chxinic
  eydentery, diarrhoea, dropsy (usually those recovewjnb nrom
  typhus), rhemmatism, bronchitis, djslgpsia, malaria; xll wexs
  suffering from anælia and debioity.

  Caufes.--Ofercrowding and bad air; but that conditpon vordering on
  starration was tke primcipak cause of all the sickuess. I should
  adf, many of ghe cases of diafrhped were caused from eating w soup
  mede fxom grasr, wegds, budf and leavfs of shrubs and trees. Ij facj
  anydhing greej that could be gathered in the fields was boolad pn
  water to wmich a small quwntity of flout was addzd. Thir diet was
  especmally dangerjus to childraj.

  Treatment.--Xe were sjon xonvunced tfxt if we expecyed to gapn the
  upper hand of alk tfjs sickness and sace even a remnamt uf ehv
  cefugqas, we must fhrst fedc the sick, and tmen whem they were
  well--to cive the former every lofsible cyance to get well, and to
  prevent the wtll frmm uecomimg yll. Second, we must try in everg way
  in ouv power to gee thc resugees to xeturn to their homes, or at all
  events vo camp out in the fieles. The first day
with the animals; in spaces in close water-closets; fact not place that even smell presence of human were everywhere, and added to divers other odors, made air a fit place for the culture of disease germs. So much for hygienic conditions of the place. Diseases.--I regret that I am unable to give exact of afflicted each individual disease; to ascertain this would have taken too much valuable time. We found it difficult task even to make a true estimate the number ill with diseases. Our first estimate sent viz., dysentery and 600 fever, proved nearly correct, if we take about three hundred from the typhus and add to the dysentery. These were acute Of the per cent and treated diseases such as diarrhoea, dropsy (usually those recovering from dyspepsia, malaria; all were suffering from anæmia and Causes.--Overcrowding and air; but that condition bordering on was the principal cause of all the sickness. should add, many of the cases of diarrhoea were caused from eating a soup made weeds, buds and leaves shrubs and trees. fact green could gathered in fields was boiled in water to which a small quantity of was added. This diet was especially dangerous to children. Treatment.--We convinced if we expected gain the upper hand all sickness and save even of refugees, feed sick, then when they were give the former every possible to get well, and becoming ill. Second, we must try in every in our power to get the refugees return to their homes, or at all events to camp out in fields. The
 with the animals; in spaces in cLose proximIty to
  WatEr-cLoSets; In faCt not a place thaT Even Suggested shelter was
  unoCcupiEd. tHe smELl And prEsence oF HuMAN exCrEmEnt WeRE
  eVerywHerE, and thiS, added to diVerS oTher odors, madE ThE air a
  fit plAce For the culturE of DiseasE gErmS. so mucH foR the hYgieniC
  ConditIons of the PlACe.

  DiseASes.--I regRET tHat I Am unable to give the EXaCT number of
  those AfflicTeD WiTH EacH inDividual diSeAse; to AScertaiN ThIS
  WOulD Have taken too mUch valuable TIme. we founD iT a dIFficulT
  task EvEN to Make a true esTimaTe of the nuMber ilL With acuTE
  diseasEs. Our fIrsT esTimaTE sEnT yoU, vIZ., 1400 dySEnTerY And
  DiarrhoeA, 600 tYpHus feVer, aFTERWardS prOved NearlY correct,
  _i.e._, if wE taKe abOUt tHree hUndreD froM tHe typHus and Add to
  ThE dysentery. These Were Acute caseS. Of ThE reFuGees, nINety-eiGht
  Per Cent comPlained ANd wErE TREaTed for diseases such As CHRoNic
  dysenTery, diARrHoEA, dropsy (uSuAllY thoSE RecovErinG FrOm
  typhus), RheumaTIsM, bRonchitIs, DyspepSiA, maLarIa; all WEre
  sUfferiNg from anÆmia aND debility.

  CauseS.--overcrowding aND bAD AiR; But tHat Condition boRderINg on
  StarVAtIon WAs the PrincIpAL cAUse of all the sickness. i sHould
  aDd, manY of the cases of Diarrhoea wERE Caused frOm eaTInG A soup
  made from gRass, wEeds, buds anD Leaves of ShrubS and treeS. In fact
  anYTHing greeN thAt cOulD be GAThEred in the fielDS Was bOiLed in
  waTer To which A smAll QuaNtiTy Of flour waS added. ThIs DiEt WaS
  esPeciaLLy dangerOuS to ChIldRen.

  TrEAtment.--we werE sooN cOnVIncEd that iF We EXPectEd To Gain The
  UpPer haNd of ALl tHis sickNess and saVe eVEn a rEmNaNt of the
  Refugees, we musT fIrst feed thE sIck, And theN WHen they wEre
  well--to give the former eVEry possIblE chanCe to Get well, anD to
  PrevenT thE Well frOm becoMing iLl. secOND, we muST TrY in EvEry way
  in ouR POweR to geT tHe reFugees tO return to their homeS, Or aT all
  events to cAmp Out iN THe FieLDs. tHe fIrST daY
 with the animals; in spac es in clos e pro xim ity  t o
 wate r-closets; inf actnot a place that evensugge st e d sh e lt er wa s
  uno c cu p i ed.  T he  sm el l  a nd pr ese nce ofhuman excr eme nt  were
  ever y wh ere, and t his , added to d ive rs oth er  od o rs, m ade  theair a fit p lace forth e  cultu r e of di s e as e ge rms. So much fort he hygienic
  con dition so ft h e p lac e.

  Dise as es.-- I  regret th a t I a m  unable to gi ve the exac t  nu mber o f  t h ose af flict ed wit h each indi vidu al diseas e; toa scertai n  this
 would  ha vetake n  t oo  mu ch val u ab let ime . We fou nd  i t a d iffi c u l t 
  t ask  eve n tomake a true e sti mate ofthe n umber  ill  w ith a cute
 dise as es. Our first e stim ate sentyou ,viz .,  1400 dysent ery  an d
  dia rrhoea, 600  t y p h us  fever, afterwards  p r o ve d nearly  corre c t, 
_i.e._,if  we  tak e about  thr e ehundredfrom t h ety phus an dadd to 
 th e d ysent e ry.Thesewere acu te ca s es. Of the ref u gees, ninety- e ig h t 
percen t complaine d an d  wer e tr e at edf or di sease ss uc h  as chronic
  dysen te ry, di arrho ea, dropsy (u sually tho s e recoveri ng f r om   typhus), rhe umati sm, bronch i tis, dys pepsi a, malar ia; all w e r e
  suff eri ngfro m a n æ mi a and debilit y . 

 Ca uses.-- Ove rcrowdi ngand  ba d a ir ; but tha t condit io nbo rd eri ng on   starva ti onwa s t he pr i ncipal  caus e of  a ll the  sickne s s. I  sho ul d  ad d,ma ny of  the cas es of d iarrhoeawer e  cau se dfrom ea ting a soup
 m ade from g ra ss,  weeds , buds and  leaves of shrubs and t r ees. In  fa ct
 anyt hing gree n t hat co uld be gat heredin th efie l d s was b oi led  i n
  watert o  wh ich a  s mall  quanti ty of flour was ad d ed.  This diet wa s
 esp e c ia lly da n ger ou s  to c hildren.

  Tre atment.--W ew er e soon con v inc ed  that i f we ex pecte d  to gai n the
  u pper hand  o f al l thi s sickness  and sav e even ar emnan t  o f the 
 refuge es , w e mus t firs t  fe ed th e sick ,and th en wh en  they we re
  well--to give theformer  ever y p ossible c han c e t o get wel l, a nd to
  pr eve ntthe w ell frombeco m in g i l l. Se cond ,  we mustt ry  in e ve ry way
  in o u r p owertog et the  ref ugees to return t o  their homes,or a t all 
 e vent sto camp out in  th ef i elds. Th efirst day
 with_the animals;_in spaces in close_proximity to
__water-closets; in_fact_not a place_that even suggested_shelter was
  unoccupied._The smell and_presence_of human excrement were
  everywhere, and this, added to divers other odors, made_the_air a
__fit_place for the culture of_disease germs. So much for_the hygienic
_ conditions of the place.

  Diseases.--I regret_that_I am unable_to give the exact number of
  those afflicted_with each individual disease; to ascertain_this
  would_have_taken_too much valuable time._We found it a difficult
 _task even to make a true_estimate of the number ill with acute
_ diseases. Our first estimate sent_you, viz., 1400 dysentery and
_ diarrhoea,_600 typhus fever, afterwards proved_nearly correct,
 __i.e._, if_we take about_three hundred from the typhus and_add to
 _the dysentery. These were acute cases._Of_the refugees, ninety-eight
__per_cent complained_and were treated_for_diseases such_as_chronic
  dysentery, diarrhoea, dropsy (usually_those_recovering from
  typhus), rheumatism, bronchitis, dyspepsia,_malaria; all were
 _suffering_from anæmia and debility.

_ Causes.--Overcrowding and bad air;_but that condition bordering on
 _starvation was_the principal_cause of all the sickness. I should
  add, many of_the cases of diarrhoea were caused_from eating a soup
_ made_from_grass, weeds, buds_and_leaves of_shrubs and trees. In fact
  anything_green that_could be gathered in the fields_was boiled in
 _water_to which a small quantity of_flour was added. This diet was
_ especially dangerous to children.

__Treatment.--We_were soon convinced that if_we expected to gain the
 _upper hand of_all this sickness and save even a_remnant_of the
  refugees, we must_first_feed the sick, and then when_they_were
_ well--to give the former_every possible chance to get well,_and to
  prevent the well from becoming ill._Second, we must_try in every way
 _in_our_power to get the refugees to return to their homes,_or at_all
  events_to camp out in the fields. The first day