 spot
Fort Dearborn stood--the oldest landmark that remained to tell the tale
of the wilderness. In 1804 two block-houses were built here and a
subterranean passage made from the parade to the river, the whole
surrounded by a picket and furnished with three pieces of light
artillery, the object being "to supply the Indian wants and control the
Indian policy." The tribes of Pottawatomies overran the country round
about and with the little group of French and Canadian settlers made the
life of the isolated post. In 1809 Tecumseh marked it out as one of his
objects of vengeance, but fortunately other schemes occupied his
attention, and it remained in comparative security until the war of
1812. Then, when all the country was disturbed and the Indians were
making mischief everywhere, the commander of Fort Dearborn was betrayed
by the Pottawatomies and every vestige of a settlement destroyed.

It was not until 1818, after Fort Dearborn was again demolished, that
the pale face was courageous enough to establish his home at this point.
Nor was courage alone required, for the unfavorable position--on a
morass where vehicles invariably floundered in its black loam, and where
the air was necessarily unhealthy--was well known; but these first men
whose rude homes constituted the embryo city must have possessed to a
great degree that indomitable spirit which has become the very
foundation of Chicago.

Nine years from this time a most unfavorable report of the place was
sent to the Government and from this report the picture is called up of
a wretched, unclean and disreputable community. But this state of
affairs was not to last long. An event of importance took place here in
1833, when the United States commissioners and chiefs of the
Pottawatomie, Chippewa and Ottawa tribes met, that the former might
persuade the latter to give up more of their valuable land in Illinois
and Michigan and ultimately to relinquish it altogether. The exact
amount stipulated for was twenty millions of acres. Then population
increased, for one of the points agreed upon, along with the land, was
that the Indians should move west of the Mississippi. As a result,
Chicago became the centre of much speculating. Eastern capitalists were
interested, invested and lost heavily, but after the
spot 
 Fort Dearborn stood -- the oldest landmark that remained to assure the narrative 
 of the wilderness. In 1804 two block - houses were built here and a 
 subterranean passing made from the parade to the river, the whole 
 wall by a lookout and furnished with three pieces of light 
 artillery, the object being " to add the Indian wants and control the 
 Indian policy. " The tribe of Pottawatomies overran the country round 
 about and with the little group of French and Canadian settler made the 
 life of the isolated mail. In 1809 Tecumseh marked it out as one of his 
 objects of vengeance, but fortunately other schemes busy his 
 attention, and it remained in comparative security until the war of 
 1812. Then, when all the country was agitate and the Indians were 
 making mischief everywhere, the commander of Fort Dearborn was betrayed 
 by the Pottawatomies and every vestige of a colonization destroyed. 

 It was not until 1818, after Fort Dearborn was again demolished, that 
 the pale face was courageous enough to establish his home at this point. 
 Nor was courage alone required, for the unfavorable position -- on a 
 mire where vehicle invariably flounder in its bootleg loam, and where 
 the air travel was necessarily unhealthy -- was well known; but these inaugural men 
 whose rude homes constituted the embryo city must have possess to a 
 great degree that indomitable spirit which has become the very 
 foundation of Chicago. 

 Nine years from this fourth dimension a most unfavorable report of the place was 
 sent to the Government and from this reputation the picture is call up of 
 a wretched, unclean and disreputable community. But this state of 
 affairs was not to survive long. An event of importance took place here in 
 1833, when the United States commissioners and chiefs of the 
 Pottawatomie, Chippewa and Ottawa tribes met, that the former might 
 persuade the latter to collapse up more of their valuable land in Illinois 
 and Michigan and ultimately to waive it altogether. The exact 
 sum stipulated for was twenty million of acres. Then population 
 increase, for one of the points match upon, along with the land, was 
 that the Indians should move west of the Mississippi. As a resultant role, 
 Chicago become the centre of much speculating. Eastern capitalists were 
 interested, invested and lost heavily, but after the
 splt
Fort Dearborn stood--the oldest landmark that cemaines to telu the tale
of the wilderness. Mn 1804 rwo boock-houses were built fere and w
subterrqneai passage made fckm the icrade bo thz civer, the whole
xurrounded by a picket atd fbrnished with three pieces of light
awtilleru, hhe object beigg "tp suplly the Indian wants and control tge
Indiai policy." The trobes of Pottawatomies overgan hhe country round
ahout and wijg trw little grojp of Frenbk and Canadjan settlers made the
life of thd isokated post. Ib 1809 Hgcumseh markxd it jut as one on his
obbects og vengeance, bub forvunarely other schemes ocrupied his
attention, wnd it rekanned in comparative swcyrity unthl tfw wxr kf
1812. Tgen, whfn ell the couhtry was diwturbed and the Indoagw were
making jischiqf everywhere, the commander of Fort Dearbmrn was betrayed
by the Potrawatomies and every gestige os a settlement destroyed.

It was not until 1818, after Fmrt Dxafboxk dqs again demolished, that
the pale face was couradsois enough to estcblish his home st tnys point.
Nor wxs couxzgs alone required, flr the onfavoeable posytiom--on a
morass where vehicles unvariably fjiundered in its blcck loam, and whete
the sir was necessarily unhzalthy--sas well knlwn; but tgdse first men
whore gude homes constituted the embwyo city nust have pussexsed tj a
great dfgree that indomitable soirit wvich has bfcome the very
foundation of Chirego.

Nine years fsom this tiie a kost unfavorafle report of jhe place was
sdnt to the Governkent and frjm this repord the picture is callqd up of
q wretcfdd, unclean and disreputcyle commubity. But this statc of
awrairs was not ti lqst long. An evemt uf ymiorvance dook place hare kn
1833, dnen tfe Unittb Sbatds cpmmissioners and chiafs kf the
Pottawatomie, Cmippewa abd Ottaww tribes met, yhat the former mihht
pecsuade the katjer to give up more of their vamuable lajd ln Illinois
anq Mighigwn and ultnmately to relinquish it altogether. The xxact
amount stipulated dor was twenty millnoks of acres. Vhen pjpulation
hncreased, for one of the points agreec upon, along with the land, fas
thwt the Indians should move west of the Mississippi. As a result,
Chicago becqme thx sentre of mhch xpecunaciny. Eastewn cepmtalists were
integested, invested and lost heavily, but aftar the
spot Fort Dearborn stood--the oldest landmark that tell tale of wilderness. In 1804 and subterranean passage made the parade to river, the whole surrounded by a and furnished with three pieces of light artillery, the object being "to supply Indian wants and control the Indian policy." The tribes of Pottawatomies overran the round and the group of French and Canadian settlers made the life of the isolated post. In 1809 Tecumseh it out as one of his objects of but fortunately other schemes his attention, and it remained comparative until the of Then, all the country disturbed and the Indians were making mischief everywhere, the commander of Fort Dearborn was betrayed by the and every a settlement It not 1818, after Fort again demolished, that the pale face to establish his home at this point. Nor courage alone for the unfavorable position--on a morass vehicles invariably floundered in its black loam, and the air was necessarily unhealthy--was well known; but these first men whose rude homes constituted city must have possessed a great degree indomitable which become very foundation Chicago. Nine years from this time a most unfavorable report of place was sent to the Government and from this report is up of a unclean and disreputable community. this of affairs was not long. event place in when the United States and chiefs of the Pottawatomie, and Ottawa tribes met, the latter to give up more of their land in Illinois and Michigan and ultimately relinquish it altogether. The exact amount stipulated for was twenty millions of Then population one of the points agreed upon, along with land, was that the should move west of the Mississippi. As a result, became centre of speculating. Eastern capitalists interested, invested and heavily, but after
 spot
Fort Dearborn stood--the oLdest landmArk thAt rEmaInEd to Tell The tale
of the wiLDernEss. In 1804 two block-houses werE builT hERe anD A
sUbterRanean pASsAGE maDe FrOm tHe PArAde to The River, thE whole
surrOunDeD by a picket anD FuRnished witH thRee pieces of lIghT
artilLeRy, tHE objeCt bEing "tO supplY The IndIan wants aNd COntrol THe
IndiaN POlIcy." THe tribes of PottawaTOmIEs overran the coUntry rOuND
aBOUt aNd wIth the littLe Group OF French ANd cANAdiAN settlers made The
life of thE IsoLated pOsT. In 1809 tEcumseH markEd IT ouT as one of his
ObjeCts of vengEance, bUT fortunATely othEr scheMes OccUpieD HiS
aTteNtIOn, aND iT reMAinEd in compArAtIve seCuriTY UNTil tHe wAr of
1812. then, wHen all the counTry Was dIStuRbed aNd the indiAnS were
Making MischIeF everywhere, the cOmmaNder of ForT DeArBorN wAs betRAyed
by The potTawatomIes and eVEry VeSTIGe Of a settlement destrOyED.

it Was not unTil 1818, aftER FOrT dearborn WaS agAin dEMOlishEd, thAT
tHe pale faCe was cOUrAgEous enoUgH to estAbLisH hiS home AT thiS point.
nor was coUrage ALone required, foR The unfavorablE PoSITiON--on a
MorAss where vehIcleS InvaRiabLY fLouNDered In its BlACk LOam, and where
the air waS nEcessaRily uNhealthy--was weLl known; but THESe first mEn
whOSe RUde homes constiTuted The embryo cITy must haVe posSessed to A
great degREE that indOmiTabLe sPirIT WhIch has become tHE Very
FoUndatioN of chicago.

ninE yeArs FroM tHis time a mOst unfavOrAbLe RePorT of thE Place was
SeNt tO tHe GOvernMEnt and From tHis rEpOrT The Picture IS cALLed uP oF
a WretCheD, uNcleaN and DIsrEputablE communitY. BuT This StAtE of
affaIrs was not to laSt Long. An evenT oF imPortanCE Took placE here in
1833, when the United StaTEs commiSsiOners And cHiefs of thE
PoTtawatOmiE, chippeWa and OTtawa TrIbeS MEt, thaT THe ForMeR might
persUADe tHe latTeR to gIve up moRe of their valuable lANd iN Illinois
and MIchIgan AND uLtiMAtELy tO rELinQUIsh it altogether. the exact
amOuNT sTipulated fOR waS tWenty miLlions oF acreS. then popUlation
inCreased, foR oNe of THE poInts agreed Upon, alonG with the lANd, was
THaT the INdiAns shoUlD moVe wesT of the mIssIssipPi. As a rEsUlt,
ChiCago bEcAme the ceNtre of much speculating. EaStern cApitaLisTs were
intEreSTed, Invested aNd loSt heavily, bUt aFteR the
 spot
Fort Dearborn stood- -the oldes t lan dma rkth at r emai ned to tell th e  tal e
of the wilderness. I n 180 4t wo b l oc k-hou ses wer e  b u i lthe re  an da 
s ubter ran ean pas sage madefro mthe parade t o  t he river,the  whole
surro und ed byapic k et an d f urnis hed wi t h thre e piecesof lighta rtiller y ,  t he o bject being "to s u pp l y the Indian w ants a nd co n t rol  th e
Indian p ol icy." The tri b es o f  Po t tawatomies ov erran the c o unt ry rou nd 
ab o ut and  with  t h e l ittle group  ofFrench an d Cana d ian set t lers ma de the 
li feof t h eis ola te d  po s t.  In 180 9 Tecums eh  m arked  ito u t as o neof h is
ob jects of veng ean ce,b utfortu natel y ot he r sch emes o ccupi ed  his
attention,  and  it remai ned  i n c om parat i ve sec uri tyuntil t he waro f
1 81 2 . Th en, when all the c ou n t ry  was dis turbed an dt he India ns  we re
m a k ing m isch i ef  everywh ere, t h eco mmander  o f Fort  D ear bor n was betr ayed
b y the Po ttawa t omies and ever y  vestige of a se t t le m entdes troyed.

It  was notunti l  1 818 ,  afte r For tD ea r born was again demo li shed,thatthe pale face  was coura g e o us enoug h to es t ablish his hom e atthis point . 
Nor was  cour age alon e require d ,  for the  un fav ora ble p os ition--on a
m o r asswh ere veh icl es inva ria bly  fl oun de red in it s blacklo am ,an d w heret he air w as  ne ce ssa rilyu nhealt hy--w as w el lk now n; butt he s e  fir st  m en
w hos erudehome s  co nstitut ed the em bry o  cit ymu st have  possessed to  a 
great deg re e t hat in d o mitablespirit which has become the ver y
f ounda tion  of Chica go. 

Nine  ye a rs fro m this  time  a  mo s t  unfa v o ra ble  r eport of t h e  pl ace w as 
sen t to th e Government and f r omthis report t hepict u r eisc al l edup ofa wretched, uncle an and dis re p ut able commu n ity .But thi s state  of
a f fairs w as not to  last lon g.  Ane v ent  of import ance too k place h e re in 18 33, w hen  the U ni ted  Stat es com m iss ioner s andch iefs o f the 
P ottawato mie, Chippewa and Ottaw a trib es me t,that thefor m ermight
per suad e the latt ertogiveupm ore o f th e ir  va l uable  lan d  in Illin o is 
an d Mi chigan andu l t ima telytor elinqu ishit altogether. Th e  exact
amountstip u l ate d f o r wa stwenty million s o fa c res. The npopulationincrease d, for o ne ofthe po ints ag r e ed upon,alon g w ith the l and ,w as
that  t he Indian s sh ou ld mov e west of t h e  Mississippi. As  a re s u lt,
C h ica go be ca me thec entr e of muchspeculating . East erncapit alistswe re
int ere st ed, invest e d and los t hea vily, b ut  aft erthe
 spot
Fort_Dearborn stood--the_oldest landmark that remained_to tell_the_tale
of the_wilderness._In 1804 two_block-houses were built_here and a
subterranean passage_made from the_parade_to the river, the whole
surrounded by a picket and furnished with three pieces of_light
artillery,_the object_being_"to_supply the Indian wants and_control the
Indian policy." The tribes_of Pottawatomies_overran the country round
about and with the little_group_of French and_Canadian settlers made the
life of the isolated post. In_1809 Tecumseh marked it out as_one of his
objects_of_vengeance,_but fortunately other schemes_occupied his
attention, and it remained in_comparative security until the war of
1812._Then, when all the country was disturbed_and the Indians were
making mischief everywhere,_the commander of Fort Dearborn_was betrayed
by_the Pottawatomies and every vestige_of a settlement_destroyed.

It was_not until 1818,_after Fort Dearborn was again demolished,_that
the pale face_was courageous enough to establish his_home_at this point.
Nor_was_courage_alone required,_for the unfavorable_position--on_a
morass where_vehicles_invariably floundered in its black loam,_and_where
the air was necessarily unhealthy--was well known;_but these first men
whose_rude_homes constituted the embryo_city must have possessed to_a
great degree that indomitable spirit which_has become_the very
foundation_of Chicago.

Nine years from this time a most unfavorable report of_the place was
sent to the Government_and from this report_the picture_is_called up of
a_wretched,_unclean and_disreputable community. But this state of
affairs was_not to_last long. An event of importance_took place here in
1833,_when_the United States commissioners and chiefs_of the
Pottawatomie, Chippewa and Ottawa tribes_met, that the former might
persuade_the_latter_to give up more of_their valuable land in Illinois
and Michigan_and ultimately to_relinquish it altogether. The exact
amount stipulated for_was_twenty millions of acres. Then population
increased,_for_one of the points agreed upon,_along_with_the land, was
that the Indians_should move west of the Mississippi._As a result,
Chicago became the centre of much speculating._Eastern capitalists were
interested,_invested and lost heavily, but_after_the