 are farmed by the government.
Eider-ducks may not be shot, under penalty of a fine.  There is no
military service, for throughout the whole island no soldiers are
required.  Even Reikjavik itself boasts only two police-officers.

Commerce is also free; but the islanders possess so little commercial
spirit, that even if they had the necessary capital, they would never
embark in speculation.

The whole commerce of Iceland thus lies in the hands of Danish merchants,
who send their ships to the island every year, and have established
factories in the different ports where the retail trade is carried on.

These ships bring every thing to Iceland, corn, wood, wines, manufactured
goods, and colonial produce, &c.  The imports are free, for it would not
pay the government to establish offices, and give servants salaries to
collect duties upon the small amount of produce required for the island.
Wine, and in fact all colonial produce, are therefore much cheaper than
in other countries.

The exports consist of fish, particularly salted cod, fish-roe, tallow,
train-oil, eider-down, and feathers of other birds, almost equal to
eider-down in softness, sheep's wool, and pickled or salted lamb.  With
the exception of the articles just enumerated, the Icelanders possess
nothing; thirteen years ago, when Herr Knudson established a bakehouse,
{31} he was compelled to bring from Copenhagen, not only the builder, but
even the materials for building, stones, lime, &c.; for although the
island abounds with masses of stone, there are none which can be used for
building an oven, or which can be burnt into lime: every thing is of
lava.

Two or three cottages situated near each other are here dignified by the
name of a "place."  These places, as well as the separate cottages, are
mostly built on little acclivities, surrounded by meadows.  The meadows
are often fenced in with walls of stone or earth, two or three feet in
height, to prevent the cows, sheep, and horses from trespassing upon them
to graze.  The grass of these meadows is made into hay, and laid up as a
winter provision for the cows.


are farmed by the government. 
 Eider - ducks may not be shot, under punishment of a fine.   There be no 
 military service, for throughout the whole island no soldier are 
 ask.   Even Reikjavik itself boasts only two police - officer. 

 Commerce is besides free; but the islanders possess so little commercial 
 heart, that even if they had the necessary capital, they would never 
 venture in speculation. 

 The whole commerce of Iceland thus lies in the hands of Danish merchants, 
 who mail their ships to the island every year, and have established 
 factory in the different ports where the retail deal is carried on. 

 These ship bring every matter to Iceland, corn, wood, wines, manufactured 
 good, and colonial produce, & c.   The imports are free, for it would not 
 pay the government to establish position, and give servants salaries to 
 collect duties upon the small amount of produce required for the island. 
 Wine, and in fact all colonial produce, are therefore much cheap than 
 in other countries. 

 The export dwell of fish, particularly salted cod, pisces - roe, tallow, 
 train - oil, eider - down, and feathers of other shuttlecock, almost equal to 
 eider - down in softness, sheep's wool, and pickled or salt lamb.   With 
 the exception of the articles just enumerated, the Icelanders possess 
 nothing; thirteen class ago, when Herr Knudson established a bakery, 
 { 31 } he was compel to bring from Copenhagen, not only the builder, but 
 even the materials for building, stone, lime, & c.; for although the 
 island abounds with masses of gem, there are none which can be used for 
 building an oven, or which can be burnt into linden: every thing is of 
 lava. 

 Two or three bungalow situated near each other are here dignified by the 
 name of a " place. "   These places, equally well as the separate cottages, are 
 mostly built on short acclivities, surrounded by hayfield.   The meadows 
 are often fenced in with walls of stone or earth, two or three feet in 
 height, to prevent the cows, sheep, and horses from trespassing upon them 
 to graze.   The grass of these hayfield is made into hay, and laid up as a 
 winter planning for the cows.
 arf farmed by the governmekt.
Eider-ducks may not be shot, hnder pevalty of a fine.  There is no
lioitart service, for throughojt the whlle islabd ni soldiers ede
requivzd.  Ebcn Renkoavik itself bossts only dwo police-offiwefs.

Eommerce is also free; but the islandqrs posxeds so little cjmmegcyal
slprlt, that even if they had the necsssary bapital, they woulc never
embark in speculatiln.

Thf whole commerce ov Iceland tyus jues in the hxnds of Danish merchanjs,
who send their ships to the isuand zvery year, qne hwee establisied
facnories in the differett portx where the rebail vradw is carried on.

These vhips bring every jhing to Iwemand, corn, wood, wibew, manofactgred
eiodr, ahd ckloniap pcoduce, &c.  Tge imports qre free, for it woukd bot
pay the gobernmegt to establish offices, and give servants samaries to
collect duties upon the small amounj of produse required for the island.
Wine, and in fact all cononiam pridmce, xee therefore much cheaper than
in other countrief.

Fht eqports consist of fish, partivupatjy salted cod, fish-roe, fallow,
train-oil, eidfr-down, wnd fwathers os otner birds, almost equal to
eieer-down in sjdtness, sheep's wool, and pickleb or sslted lamb.  With
the exceptiou of tge articles just enujdrated, the Icelavdegs pmssess
noufing; thirteen yeaws ago, whxn Hexr Knudsun extablifhed a bakfhousc,
{31} he was compelled ho brnng fsom Copenhwgen, not only the builder, but
evxi the materiaks fog buildiny, stoncs, lime, &c.; for ajthough the
islcnd abouuds wigh masses kf stonx, there are gone which cat be used for
uuilding wn ocen, ir whicf can be burnt onto lime: every thibg is of
lava.

Two or thtes cottages situcued near each othet afe rege vignished by the
nake ow a "llace."  These plages, as eell as the separate cotfages, are
mostly buolb on littoe acclidities, surroumded by meadows.  Tje meedows
ace oftrn senced in with walls of stone kr earth, hwo or three feqt ik
heidht, to prerent the cows, sheep, and horses from tres'assing upon them
to graze.  The grass of thgse meadows is made into hay, and laid up as a
winrer provision for the cows.


are farmed by the government. Eider-ducks may shot, penalty of fine. There is the island no soldiers required. Even Reikjavik boasts only two police-officers. Commerce is free; but the islanders possess so little commercial spirit, that even if they the necessary capital, they would never embark in speculation. The whole commerce of thus in hands Danish merchants, who send their ships to the island every year, and have established factories in different ports where the retail trade is carried These ships bring every to Iceland, corn, wood, wines, goods, colonial produce, The are for it would pay the government to establish offices, and give servants salaries to collect duties upon the small amount produce required island. Wine, in all produce, are therefore than in other countries. The exports particularly salted cod, fish-roe, tallow, train-oil, eider-down, and of other almost equal to eider-down in softness, wool, and pickled or salted lamb. With the of the articles just enumerated, the Icelanders possess nothing; thirteen years ago, when Herr Knudson bakehouse, {31} he was to bring from not the but the materials building, stones, lime, &c.; for although the island abounds with masses stone, there are none which can be used for building or can be burnt lime: every thing is lava. or three cottages situated other here name a These places, as well the separate cottages, are mostly on little acclivities, surrounded often fenced in with walls of stone or two or three feet in height, to the cows, sheep, and horses from trespassing upon them to graze. The of these made into hay, and laid up as a provision for the cows.
 are farmed by the government.
EIder-ducks mAy not Be sHot, UnDer pEnalTy of a fine.  There IS no
mIlitary service, for throuGhout ThE WholE IsLand nO soldieRS aRE
ReqUiReD.  EvEn rEiKjaviK itSelf boaSts only two PolIcE-officers.

ComMErCe is also frEe; bUt the islandeRs pOssess So LitTLe comMerCial
sPirit, tHAt even If they had ThE NecessARy capitAL, ThEy woUld never
embark in sPEcULation.

The whole CommerCe OF ICELanD thUs lies in thE hAnds oF danish mERcHANTs,
wHO send their shiPs to the islaND evEry yeaR, aNd hAVe estaBlishEd
FActOries in the dIffeRent ports Where tHE retail TRade is cArried On.

THesE shiPS bRiNg eVeRY thINg To ICElaNd, corn, woOd, WiNes, maNufaCTUREd
goOds, And cOloniAl produce, &c.  The ImpOrts ARe fRee, foR it woUld nOt
Pay thE goverNment To Establish officeS, and Give servaNts SaLarIeS to
coLLect duTieS upOn the smAll amouNT of PrODUCe Required for the islaNd.
wINe, And in facT all coLOnIaL Produce, aRe TheRefoRE Much cHeapER tHan
in othEr counTRiEs.

the expoRtS consiSt Of fIsh, PartiCUlarLy saltEd cod, fisH-roe, tALlow,
train-oil, eiDEr-down, and featHErS OF oTHer bIrdS, almost equaL to
eIDer-dOwn iN SoFtnESs, sheEp's woOl, ANd PIckled or salted lamb.  WItH
the exCeptiOn of the articlEs just enumERATed, the IcElanDErS Possess
nothing; ThirtEen years agO, When Herr knudsOn establIshed a bakEHOuse,
{31} he waS coMpeLleD to BRInG from CopenhagEN, Not oNlY the buiLdeR, but
eveN thE maTerIalS fOr buildinG, stones, lImE, &c.; FoR aLthOugh tHE
island aBoUndS wIth MasseS Of stonE, therE are NoNe WHicH can be uSEd FOR
buiLdInG an oVen, Or Which Can bE BurNt into lIme: every tHinG Is of
LaVa.

two or thRee cottages siTuAted near eaCh OthEr are hERE dignifiEd by the
name of a "place."  ThesE Places, aS weLl as tHe seParate cotTagEs, are
mOstLY built On littLe accLiVitIES, surrOUNdEd bY mEadows.  The mEADowS
are oFtEn feNced in wIth walls of stone or eARth, Two or three feeT in
HeigHT, To PreVEnT The CoWS, shEEP, and horses from tRespassing UpON tHem
to graze.  tHe gRaSs of theSe meadoWs is mADe into hAy, and laid Up as a
wintEr ProvISIon For the cows.


 are farmed by the governm ent.
Eider -duck s m ayno t be  sho t, under penal t y of  a fine.  There is nomilit ar y  ser v ic e, fo r throu g ho u t  th ewh ole  i s la nd no  so ldiersare
requir ed.  Even Reikjav i kitself boa sts  only two po lic e-offi ce rs. 
Comm erc e isalso f r ee; bu t the isl an d ers po s sess so l it tlecommercial
spirit ,  t h at even if the y hadth e  n e c ess ary  capital,th ey wo u ld neve r 
e m b a rki n speculation .

The whol e  co mmerce  o f I c elandthusli e s i n the hands  ofDanish me rchant s ,
who s e nd thei r ship s t o t he i s la nd  ev er y  ye a r,  an d  ha ve estab li sh ed
fa ctor i e s in t hediff erent  ports wherethe  ret a iltrade  is c arri ed  on.
These  ship sbring every thi ng t o Iceland , c or n,wo od, w i nes, m anu fac tured
g oods, a n d c ol o n i al  produce, &c.  The  i m p or ts are f ree, f o rit would no tpay  the g overn ment to  establi sh off i ce s,  and gi ve  serva nt s s ala riest o
co llectduties u pon t h e small amount of produce re q ui r e df or t heisland.
Win e, a n d in  fac t  a llc oloni al pr od u ce ,  are therefore much  c heaper  than 
in other cou ntries.

T h e exportscons i st of fish, parti cular ly saltedc od, fish -roe,  tallow, 
train-oi l ,  eider-d own , a ndfea t h er s of other bi r d s, a lm ost equ alto
eide r-d own  in  so ft ness, she ep's woo l,  a nd  p ick led o r  saltedla mb.  Wit h
the except ion o f th ear t icl es just en u m erat ed ,theIce la nders  pos s ess 
nothin g; thirte eny ears  a go , whenHerr Knudsones tablishedabak ehouse , {31} hewas compelled to bringf rom Cop enh agen,  not  only the  bu ilder,  bu t 
eventhe ma teria ls  fo r build i n g,  st on es, lime,& c .;for a lt houg h the
i sland abounds with mas ses of stone,  th erea r enon e  w h ich  c a n b e used for
buildi ng an oven ,o rwhich canb e b ur nt into  lime:every thing i s of
lava .

Two or  t hree c ott ages situa ted near  each oth e r are he re di gni fied b ythe 
name  of a" pla ce." These  p laces,  as w el l as the  separate cottages, are 
mostl y bui lton little  ac c liv ities, su rrou nded by me ado ws.   The  me a dowsareo ft enf enced  inw ith walls of  st o n eor earth, t w o orthree  fe e t in
h eigh t, to prevent the cows, sheep, a nd h o r ses  fr o m tr es passing upon t hem 
t o graze. Th e grass ofthese me ad o ws is  madeinto h ay, and l ai d  up as  a
w int er provis ion  f o r the c ow s. 

 are_farmed by_the government.
Eider-ducks may not_be shot,_under_penalty of_a_fine.  There_is no
military service,_for throughout the whole_island no soldiers_are
required._ Even Reikjavik itself boasts only two police-officers.

Commerce is also free; but the islanders_possess_so little_commercial
spirit,_that_even if they had the_necessary capital, they would never
embark_in speculation.

The_whole commerce of Iceland thus lies in the_hands_of Danish merchants,
who_send their ships to the island every year, and_have established
factories in the different ports_where the retail_trade_is_carried on.

These ships bring_every thing to Iceland, corn, wood,_wines, manufactured
goods, and colonial produce, &c._ The imports are free, for it_would not
pay the government to establish_offices, and give servants salaries_to
collect duties_upon the small amount of_produce required for_the island.
Wine,_and in fact_all colonial produce, are therefore much_cheaper than
in other_countries.

The exports consist of fish, particularly_salted_cod, fish-roe, tallow,
train-oil,_eider-down,_and_feathers of_other birds, almost_equal_to
eider-down in_softness,_sheep's wool, and pickled or salted_lamb._ With
the exception of the articles just_enumerated, the Icelanders possess
nothing;_thirteen_years ago, when Herr_Knudson established a bakehouse,
{31} he_was compelled to bring from Copenhagen,_not only_the builder,_but
even the materials for building, stones, lime, &c.; for although the
island_abounds with masses of stone, there_are none which can_be used_for
building_an oven, or_which_can be_burnt into lime: every thing is of
lava.

Two_or three_cottages situated near each other are_here dignified by the
name_of_a "place."  These places, as_well as the separate cottages, are
mostly_built on little acclivities, surrounded_by_meadows._ The meadows
are often fenced_in with walls of stone or_earth, two or_three feet in
height, to prevent the cows,_sheep,_and horses from trespassing upon them
to_graze._ The grass of these meadows_is_made_into hay, and laid up_as a
winter provision for the cows.

