. The more general forms
throughout England, Wales, Ireland, and Scotland up to Perthshire, are pale
brown, or greyish brown (typical), sometimes ochreous tinged (Fig. 5); the
latter is referable to ab. _consobrinaria_, Haworth. Black forms have been
recorded from Norwich in Norfolk, and blackish specimens have been noted
from Ashdown Forest, Sussex; from Cannock Chase, Staffordshire; and from
the south of Scotland.

The eggs (Plate 131, Fig. 1a) are green at first, changing to pink mottled
with green, and finally to dark grey; the latter change indicates early
hatching of the caterpillar, which usually occurs about a fortnight after
the eggs are deposited.

The caterpillar (Plate 131, Fig. 1, after a  drawing by Mr. A.
Sich) is dull reddish brown, mottled more or less with ochreous; traces of
diamond-shaped marks on the back, the latter sometimes well defined. It
feeds on ivy (in London gardens especially), hawthorn, birch, privet,
lilac, rose, clematis, broom, and many other shrubs, and also on yew and
fir, in August, and after hibernation in the spring. The moth is out in
July and August; sometimes a second brood occurs in September. {306}

This species is the _gemmaria_ of Brahm (1791), but _rhomboidaria_,
Schiffermuller (1776), although only a catalogue name until figured by
Hubner, about 1797, is adopted by some authors.

SATIN CARPET (_Boarmia abietaria_).

As an inhabitant of Britain this species was first noted from Hampshire,
and in 1825 was figured and described by Curtis as _Alcis sericearia_. Two
specimens of this form, from the New Forest, are depicted on Plate 132,
Figs. 1, 2; but paler, and also darker, examples are found in this
locality, and, occasionally, melanic specimens occur as well. The latter
form, some examples of which might be described as sooty black with black
veins, is more prevalent among the
. The more general forms 
 throughout England, Wales, Ireland, and Scotland up to Perthshire, are pale 
 brown, or greyish brown (typical), sometimes ochreous ting (Fig. 5); the 
 latter is ascribable to ab. _ consobrinaria _, Haworth. Black forms have been 
 read from Norwich in Norfolk, and blackish specimen have been noted 
 from Ashdown Forest, Sussex; from Cannock Chase, Staffordshire; and from 
 the south of Scotland. 

 The testis (Plate 131, Fig. 1a) are fleeceable at first, changing to pink mottled 
 with green, and finally to colored grey; the latter change indicate early 
 hatching of the caterpillar, which usually occurs about a fortnight after 
 the eggs are deposited. 

 The caterpillar (Plate 131, Fig. 1, after a   drawing by Mr. A. 
 Sich) is boring reddish brown, mottled more or less with ochreous; tracing of 
 diamond - shaped marks on the back, the latter sometimes well specify. It 
 feeds on ivy (in London gardens especially), hawthorn, birch, privet, 
 lilac, rose, clematis, broom, and many other shrub, and also on yew and 
 fir, in August, and after hibernation in the spring. The moth is out in 
 July and August; sometimes a second brood occurs in September. { 306 } 

 This species is the _ gemmaria _ of Brahm (1791), but _ rhomboidaria _, 
 Schiffermuller (1776), although only a catalog name until figured by 
 Hubner, about 1797, is adopted by some authors. 

 SATIN CARPET (_ Boarmia abietaria _). 

 As an inhabitant of Britain this species was first noted from Hampshire, 
 and in 1825 was figured and described by Curtis as _ Alcis sericearia _. Two 
 specimens of this form, from the New Forest, are picture on Plate 132, 
 Figs. 1, 2; but paler, and also darker, examples are discover in this 
 vicinity, and, occasionally, melanic specimens occur as well. The latter 
 form, some examples of which might be described as sooty black with bootleg 
 veins, is more prevalent among the
. Thf more general forms
thromghout England, Wcoes, Irxland, ahd Scotlxnd up to Perthshire, are palx
broqn, or greyish brown (typical), sometimed ochreoys tmnged (Fig. 5); the
lavfer is vzferagpe tm ab. _consobrinatia_, Haworth. Tlack forms haee bzen
recorded from Norwich in Norfolk, wnd blavklsh specimens rave feen noted
from Ashdown Forest, Sussex; fdom Caniock Chase, Stafgordshire; and from
the soutj of Scotland.

The eggs (Olate 131, Fig. 1q) arq green at fifst, changing to pink mkttled
with green, and finally to dark grey; the oarteg change indmcates early
hatchikb of tve catetpillar, which msualny iccurs about a fortnijht after
the eggs arg depositeg.

Tke caterpillar (Plate 131, Fug. 1, axter a  aeawkng bb Md. A.
Sicj) ia dull redsish brown, nottled more or lesx rpyh ochreous; fraces os
diamond-shaped marks on the back, the lauter aometimes well defined. Ut
feeds on ivy (in Lonfon gardegs especially), hawthorn, birch, privet,
lilac, rose, clekatis, croim, xbd many other shrubs, and also on yew and
fir, in Whgisn, and after hiberkation in the sprimg. Tng moth is out kn
July ans August; sometimes a secogd briod occurf in September. {306}

This species is rhe _gemmaria_ if Brahm (1791), but _rhomyoidaria_,
Schiyfermukler (1776), although only a cataloyue naje until fihured by
Hhcner, about 1797, is aaopned ty some authors.

SATIN CARPEE (_Boarmia abiztaria_).

As an onhabieant of Brltain this species was flrst uoted from Hampdhire,
and in 1825 was figured and described by Curjis as _Alcis szriceavia_. Two
specimenf of this form, from tke New Forest, arv depictev on Plate 132,
Fygs. 1, 2; but palat, and also dacker, exam[les are found kv this
locality, and, occasionally, mwlanic specimens ogcur xa well. The lattzx
firm, some examplrs uf rhpch mycht be descrhbed as xooty black with clacl
veins, is more prevanent among the
. The more general forms throughout England, and up to are pale brown, ochreous (Fig. 5); the is referable to _consobrinaria_, Haworth. Black forms have been from Norwich in Norfolk, and blackish specimens have been noted from Ashdown Forest, from Cannock Chase, Staffordshire; and from the south of Scotland. The eggs (Plate Fig. are at changing to pink mottled with green, and finally to dark grey; the latter change indicates early of the caterpillar, which usually occurs about a after the eggs are The caterpillar (Plate 131, Fig. after drawing by A. is reddish brown, mottled or less with ochreous; traces of diamond-shaped marks on the back, the latter sometimes well defined. It on ivy gardens especially), birch, lilac, clematis, broom, and shrubs, and also on yew and and after hibernation in the spring. The moth out in and August; sometimes a second brood in September. {306} This species is the _gemmaria_ Brahm (1791), but _rhomboidaria_, Schiffermuller (1776), although only a catalogue name until figured by Hubner, is adopted by some SATIN CARPET (_Boarmia As inhabitant Britain species was noted from Hampshire, and in 1825 was figured and described by as _Alcis sericearia_. Two specimens of this form, from the are on Plate 132, 1, 2; but paler, also examples are found in and, melanic well. latter some examples of which be described as sooty black black veins, is more
. The more general forms
througHout EnglanD, WaleS, IrElaNd, And SCotlAnd up to PerthshIRe, arE pale
brown, or greyish broWn (typIcAL), somETiMes ocHreous tINgED (fig. 5); ThE
lAttEr IS rEferaBle To ab. _conSobrinaria_, hawOrTh. Black forms HAvE been
recorDed From Norwich iN NoRfolk, aNd BlaCKish sPecImens Have beEN noted
From AshdoWn fOrest, SUSsex; froM cAnNock chase, StaffordshirE; AnD From
the south of scotlaNd.

tHe EGGs (PLatE 131, Fig. 1a) are grEeN at fiRSt, changINg TO PInk MOttled
with greEn, and finallY To dArk greY; tHe lATter chAnge iNdICatEs early
hatcHing Of the cateRpillaR, Which usUAlly occUrs aboUt a ForTnigHT aFtEr
tHe EGgs ARe DepOSitEd.

The catErPiLlar (PLate 131, fIG. 1, AFter A  drAwinG by Mr. a.
Sich) is dull reDdiSh brOWn, mOttleD more Or leSs With oChreouS; tracEs Of
diamond-shaped MarkS on the bacK, thE lAttEr SometIMes welL deFinEd. It
feeDs on ivy (IN LoNdON GArDens especially), hawtHoRN, BiRch, priveT,
lilac, ROsE, cLEmatis, brOoM, anD manY OTher sHrubS, AnD also on yEw and
fIR, iN AUgust, anD aFter hiBeRnaTioN in thE SpriNg. The mOth is out In
JulY And August; sometIMes a second broOD oCCUrS In SePteMber. {306}

This speCies IS the _GemmARiA_ of bRahm (1791), bUt _rhoMbOIdARia_,
Schiffermuller (1776), alThOugh onLy a caTalogue name unTil figured BY
hUbner, aboUt 1797, is ADoPTed by some authoRs.

SATiN CARPET (_BoARmia abieTaria_).

as an inhaBitant of BRITain this SpeCieS waS fiRST nOted from HampsHIRe,
anD iN 1825 was figUreD and desCriBed By CUrtIs As _Alcis seRicearia_. twO
sPeCiMenS of thIS form, froM tHe NEw forEst, arE DepictEd on PLate 132,
fiGs. 1, 2; BUt pAler, and ALsO DArkeR, eXaMpleS arE fOund iN thiS
LocAlity, anD, occasionAllY, MelaNiC sPecimenS occur as well. THe Latter
form, SoMe eXampleS OF which miGht be described as sooty blACk with bLacK
veinS, is mOre prevalEnt Among tHe
. The more general forms
t hroughoutEngla nd,  Wa le s, I rela nd, and Scotla n d up  to Perthshire, are pa le
br ow n , or gr eyish  brown( ty p i cal ),  s ome ti m es  ochr eou s tinge d (Fig. 5) ; t he 
latter is r e fe rable to a b._consobrinar ia_ , Hawo rt h.B lackfor ms ha ve bee n 
recor ded fromNo r wich i n  Norfol k ,  a nd b lackish specimens ha v e been noted
f rom As hd o wn F ore st,  Sussex; f ro m Can n ock Cha s e, S t aff o rdshire; andfrom
the so u thof Sco tl and . 

Theeggs(P l ate  131, Fig.1a)are green  at fi r st, cha n ging to  pinkmot tle d
wi t hgr een ,a ndf in all y  to  dark gr ey ;the l atte r c h ange  in dica tes e arly
hatching  of  the cat erpil lar,whic husual ly occ urs a bo ut a fortnightafte r
the egg s a re  de po sited . 

Thecat erp illar ( Plate 1 3 1,Fi g . 1,  after a  drawingby M r.  A.
Sich ) is d u ll  r e ddish br ow n,mott l e d mor e or le ss withochreo u s;  t races o fdiamon d- sha ped  mark s  onthe ba ck, thelatte r  sometimes wel l  defined. Itf ee d s  o n  ivy  (i n London ga rden s  esp ecia l ly ),h awtho rn, b ir c h, privet,
lilac, rose ,clemat is, b room, and man y other sh r u b s, and a lsoo ny ew and
fir, in  Augu st, and af t er hiber natio n in the  spring.T h e moth i s o utinJul y an d August; som e t imes  a  second  br ood occ urs  in  Se pte mb er. {306} 

This s pe ci es  i s t he _g e mmaria_of  Br ah m ( 1791) ,  but _ rhomb oida ri a_ , 
Sc hifferm u ll e r  (17 76 ),  alt hou gh  only  a c a tal ogue na me untilfig u redby 
H ubner,about 1797, i sadopted by  s ome  autho r s .

SATIN  CARPET (_Boarmia abiet a ria_).
As  an i nhab itant ofBri tain t his specie s wasfirst  n ote d fromH a mp shi re ,
and in 1 8 2 5 w as fi gu redand des cribed by Curtis a s  _A lcis sericear ia_ . Tw o sp eci m en s  of  t h isf o rm, from the Ne w Forest,ar e  d epicted on Pla te  132,
F igs. 1,  2; b u t paler , and als o darker,  e xamp l e s a re found i n this
l ocality,a nd, o c ca siona lly , mela ni c s pecim ens oc c uras we ll. Th elatter 
form ,some exa mples of which might be  descr ibedassooty bla ckw ith  black
ve ins,  is more p rev ale nt am ong the
. The_more general_forms
throughout England, Wales, Ireland,_and Scotland_up_to Perthshire,_are_pale
brown, or greyish_brown (typical), sometimes_ochreous tinged (Fig. 5);_the
latter is referable_to_ab. _consobrinaria_, Haworth. Black forms have been
recorded from Norwich in Norfolk, and blackish specimens_have_been noted
from_Ashdown_Forest,_Sussex; from Cannock Chase, Staffordshire;_and from
the south of Scotland.

The_eggs (Plate_131, Fig. 1a) are green at first, changing_to_pink mottled
with green,_and finally to dark grey; the latter change indicates_early
hatching of the caterpillar, which usually_occurs about a_fortnight_after
the_eggs are deposited.

The caterpillar_(Plate 131, Fig. 1, after a_ drawing by Mr. A.
Sich) is_dull reddish brown, mottled more or less_with ochreous; traces of
diamond-shaped marks on_the back, the latter sometimes_well defined._It
feeds on ivy (in London_gardens especially), hawthorn,_birch, privet,
lilac,_rose, clematis, broom,_and many other shrubs, and also_on yew and
fir,_in August, and after hibernation in_the_spring. The moth_is_out_in
July and_August; sometimes a_second_brood occurs_in_September. {306}

This species is the _gemmaria__of_Brahm (1791), but _rhomboidaria_,
Schiffermuller (1776), although only_a catalogue name until_figured_by
Hubner, about 1797, is_adopted by some authors.

SATIN CARPET_(_Boarmia abietaria_).

As an inhabitant of Britain_this species_was first_noted from Hampshire,
and in 1825 was figured and described by Curtis_as _Alcis sericearia_. Two
specimens of this_form, from the New_Forest, are_depicted_on Plate 132,
Figs._1,_2; but_paler, and also darker, examples are found_in this
locality,_and, occasionally, melanic specimens occur as_well. The latter
form, some_examples_of which might be described as_sooty black with black
veins, is more_prevalent among the