, Norfolk, and Westmoreland. In Wales, it has
occurred at Neath, Glamorganshire.

The range of this species abroad, and also that of the last, extends to
Amurland.

TAWNY-BARRED ANGLE (_Semiothisa liturata_).

The more frequent forms of this species are shown on Plate 119, Figs. 9,
10. In some examples the cross lines are almost absent, but in others they
are very distinct and blackish in colour; the orange yellow band in the
outer marginal area varies in width and in strength, but it is usually
present, even in the sooty brown form ab. _nigrofulvata_, Collins (Plate
61, Fig. 7), described from Delamere, Cheshire, also found in Shropshire,
and recorded from "Oakley Wood."

[Illustration]

  2 Pl. 120.
           1, 3. EARLY MOTH.
     2, 4, 5, 6. SPRING USHER.
           7, 9. SCARCE UMBER.
  8, 10, 11, 12. DOTTED BORDER.

[Illustration]

  2 Pl. 121.
      1. DARK-BORDERED BEAUTY: _eggs_.
  2, 2a. BORDERED BEAUTY: _eggs and caterpillar_.
      3. LITTLE THORN: _caterpillar_.

{289} The caterpillar (Plate 123, Fig. 2) is green, with white or creamy
transverse lines and stripes; head, reddish. Another form is pale ochreous
grey or brownish, with pale grey lines and stripes; head, almost black,
with purple tinge. It feeds on the needles of Scots pine (_Pinus
sylvestris_), in July and August, and occasionally in September and
October. A photograph of the chrysalis by Mr. H. Main, enlarged to twice
natural size, is shown on Plate 123.

The moth is to be found in fir woods, where it lurks among the branches or
sits on the trunks, or on the fallen needles on the ground. The moths of
the first generation appear in June and July and, where it occurs,
, Norfolk, and Westmoreland. In Wales, it has 
 occurred at Neath, Glamorganshire. 

 The range of this species abroad, and besides that of the final, extends to 
 Amurland. 

 TAWNY - BARRED ANGLE (_ Semiothisa liturata _). 

 The more frequent forms of this coinage are shown on Plate 119, Figs. 9, 
 10. In some example the cross note are about absent, but in others they 
 are very distinct and blackish in colour; the orange yellow band in the 
 out marginal area varies in width and in strength, but it is usually 
 present, even in the sooty brown kind ab. _ nigrofulvata _, Collins (Plate 
 61, Fig. 7), described from Delamere, Cheshire, also found in Shropshire, 
 and record from " Oakley Wood. " 

 [ Illustration ] 

   2 Pl. 120. 
            1, 3. EARLY MOTH. 
      2, 4, 5, 6. SPRING USHER. 
            7, 9. SCARCE UMBER. 
   8, 10, 11, 12. DOTTED BORDER. 

 [ Illustration ] 

   2 Pl. 121. 
       1. DARK - BORDERED BEAUTY: _ eggs _. 
   2, 2a. surround BEAUTY: _ eggs and caterpillar _. 
       3. LITTLE THORN: _ caterpillar _. 

 { 289 } The caterpillar (Plate 123, Fig. 2) is green, with white or creamy 
 transverse line and stripes; head, reddish. Another form is pale ochreous 
 grey or brownish, with pale gray credit line and stripes; head, almost black, 
 with purple tinge. It feeds on the needles of Scots pine (_ Pinus 
 sylvestris _), in July and August, and occasionally in September and 
 October. A photograph of the chrysalis by Mr. H. Main, enlarged to doubly 
 lifelike size, is shown on Plate 123. 

 The moth is to be found in fir woods, where it ambush among the branches or 
 sits on the trunks, or on the fall needles on the ground. The moths of 
 the first coevals appear in June and July and, where it occurs,
, Nogfolk, and Westmoreland. Ik Wales, it has
oceyrred et Neatg, Glamoreanshire.

The range of this spxciew abriad, and also that of tfe last, eqtends to
Qmuroqnd.

TAWNY-BACDED ANGLE (_Semjlthive liturata_).

The mpre frequett forms of thhs s'ecies are shown on Plate 119, Figs. 9,
10. In fome exsmoles the cross lints wre zlmost absent, but in others they
ars very vistinct and blsckish in colour; the orangf yeplow band in the
ouher marginao arqq varies in didth and pu strength, gut it is usually
present, even iv the sooty broqn fogk ab. _nigrofnlvata_, Collins (Plabv
61, Fig. 7), gescribrd from Delameve, Chxshiee, also found in Shro'shire,
and recorded ftom "Oakley Wkod."

[Illustration]

  2 Po. 120.
           1, 3. EAFLY MPTG.
     2, 4, 5, 6. SPRING USGER.
           7, 9. SCARCE UMBER.
  8, 10, 11, 12. DOTTED BORDED.

[Illuserwtion]

  2 Pl. 121.
      1. DARK-BORDERED BEAUTY: _ecgs_.
  2, 2a. BORDERED BEAUTY: _egts and caterpillar_.
      3. LITTLQ THORN: _caterpillar_.

{289} The caterpillar (Plate 123, Fig. 2) iv grexn, wiuh whitd og creamy
transverse lines and stripes; head, redqjsn. Snother form if pale ochrroks
btey or brownisf, with pame grey lines and dtripes; head, almost bjack,
eith purple tinge. It feeds in the needlvs od Scots pine (_Pinus
dylvestris_), nn Juli and Sugust, and occasionally in Aeptember ajd
October. X photograph of ghe cvrysalis by Mr. H. Main, enlawged to txice
nctural skze, os shorn on Platf 123.

The moth is to be founf in yir wmods, where it lurks among the branches or
sits on the tronkv, og on the yallen needles on tre ground. The koths oy
the fkrst generztion a'pear in Junq and July ang, where it ocrurs,
, Norfolk, and Westmoreland. In Wales, it at Glamorganshire. The of this species the extends to Amurland. ANGLE (_Semiothisa liturata_). more frequent forms of this species shown on Plate 119, Figs. 9, 10. In some examples the cross lines almost absent, but in others they are very distinct and blackish in colour; orange band the marginal area varies in width and in strength, but it is usually present, even in the brown form ab. _nigrofulvata_, Collins (Plate 61, Fig. described from Delamere, Cheshire, found in Shropshire, and recorded "Oakley [Illustration] 2 120. 3. MOTH. 2, 4, 6. SPRING USHER. 7, 9. SCARCE UMBER. 8, 10, 11, 12. DOTTED BORDER. [Illustration] 2 Pl. 121. DARK-BORDERED BEAUTY: 2a. BORDERED _eggs caterpillar_. LITTLE THORN: _caterpillar_. caterpillar (Plate 123, Fig. 2) is or creamy transverse lines and stripes; head, reddish. form is ochreous grey or brownish, with pale lines and stripes; head, almost black, with purple It feeds on the needles of Scots pine (_Pinus sylvestris_), in July and August, and September and October. A of the chrysalis Mr. Main, to natural size, shown on Plate 123. The moth is to be found in woods, where it lurks among the branches or sits on or the fallen needles the ground. The moths the generation appear in June and, it
, Norfolk, and Westmoreland. In WAles, it has
oCcurrEd aT NeAtH, GlaMorgAnshire.

The rangE Of thIs species abroad, and also That oF tHE lasT, ExTends To
AmurlANd.

tawNY-bArReD AnGle (_SEmiotHisA lituraTa_).

The more fReqUeNt forms of thiS SpEcies are shOwn On Plate 119, Figs. 9,
10. IN soMe examPlEs tHE crosS liNes arE almosT Absent, But in otheRs THey
are VEry distINCt And bLackish in colour; thE OrANge yellow band iN the
ouTeR MaRGInaL arEa varies in WiDth anD In strenGTh, BUT It iS Usually
presenT, even in the sOOty Brown fOrM ab. _NIgrofuLvata_, coLLinS (Plate
61, Fig. 7), deScriBed from DeLamere, cHeshire, ALso founD in ShrOpsHirE,
and REcOrDed FrOM "OaKLeY WoOD."

[IlLustratiOn]

  2 pl. 120.
           1, 3. eARLY mOTH.
     2, 4, 5, 6. sprinG UShER.
           7, 9. sCARcE UMBeR.
  8, 10, 11, 12. DOTTED BORDEr.

[IlLustRAtiOn]

  2 Pl. 121.
      1. DaRK-BOrDEReD bEAUTy: _eggs_.
  2, 2a. bORDErEd BEAUTY: _eggs and cAterPillar_.
      3. LITtLE tHoRN: _CaTerpiLLar_.

{289} The CatErpIllar (PlAte 123, Fig. 2) iS GreEn, WITH wHite or creamy
transvErSE LiNes and stRipes; hEAd, ReDDish. AnotHeR foRm is PALe ochReouS
GrEy or browNish, wiTH pAlE grey liNeS and stRiPes; HeaD, almoST blaCk,
with Purple tiNge. It FEeds on the needlES of Scots pine (_PINuS
SYlVEstrIs_), iN July and AugUst, aND occAsioNAlLy iN septeMber aNd
oCtOBer. A photograph of the ChRysaliS by Mr. h. Main, enlarged To twice
natURAL size, is sHown ON PLAte 123.

The moth is to Be fouNd in fir wooDS, where it Lurks Among the Branches oR
SIts on the TruNks, Or oN thE FAlLen needles on tHE GrouNd. the mothS of
The firsT geNerAtiOn aPpEar in June And July aNd, WhErE iT ocCurs,
, Norfolk, and Westmorelan d. In Wale s, it  ha s
o cc urre d at  Neath, Glamor g ansh ire.

The range of thi s spe ci e s ab r oa d, an d alsot ha t ofth elas t, ex tends  to 
Amurla nd.

TAWNY -BA RR ED ANGLE (_S e mi othisa lit ura ta_).

The m ore  frequ en t f o rms o f t his s pecies are sh own on Pl at e  119,F igs. 9, 1 0.  Insome examples the cr o ss lines are a lmostab s en t ,  bu t i n others t he y
are very di s ti n c t  an d  blackish incolour; the ora nge ye ll owb and in  theou t ermarginal ar ea v aries inwidtha nd in s t rength,  but i t i s u sual l ypr ese nt ,  ev e nint hesooty br ow nformab._ n i g rofu lva ta_,  Coll ins (Plate
61 , F ig.7 ),descr ibedfrom  D elame re, Ch eshir e,  also found inShro pshire,
a ndre cor de d fro m  "Oakl eyWoo d."

[I llustra t ion ]2Pl. 120.
         1 ,  3 . EARLYMOTH.  2 , 4, 5,6.  SP RING U SHER. 
        7,9. SCA R CE  U MBER.
 8 , 10,11 , 1 2.DOTTE D  BOR DER.
[Illustr ation ] 

  2 Pl. 121.       1. DARK - BO R D ER E D BE AUT Y: _eggs_.  2, 2a.BORD E RE D B E AUTY:  _egg sa nd caterpillar_.
     3 . LITT LE TH ORN: _caterpi llar_.

{2 8 9 }  The cat erpi l la r  (Plate 123, F ig. 2 ) is green ,  with wh ite o r creamy 
transver s e  lines a ndstr ipe s;h e ad , reddish. An o t herfo rm is p ale  ochreo usgre y o r b ro wnish, wi th palegr ey  l in esand s t ripes; h ea d,al mos t bla c k,
wit h pur pleti ng e . I t feeds on t he n ee dl es o f S co ts pi ne ( _ Pin us
sylv estris_),  in July  a nd  August , and occasio na lly in Sep te mbe r andO c tober. A  photograph of the chry s alis by  Mr . H.Main , enlarge d t o twic e
n a turalsize,is sh ow n o n Plate 1 23 .
Th e moth ist o  be  foun din f ir wood s, where it lurksa mon g the branche s o r
si t s  o n t h et run ks ,  or o n the fallen ne edles on t he gr ound. Them oth sof
thefirst g enera t ion app ear in Ju ne and Ju ly  and , whe re it occu rs,
, Norfolk,_and Westmoreland._In Wales, it has
occurred_at Neath,_Glamorganshire.

The_range of_this_species abroad, and_also that of_the last, extends to
Amurland.

TAWNY-BARRED_ANGLE (_Semiothisa liturata_).

The_more_frequent forms of this species are shown on Plate 119, Figs. 9,
10. In some_examples_the cross_lines_are_almost absent, but in others_they
are very distinct and blackish_in colour;_the orange yellow band in the
outer marginal area_varies_in width and_in strength, but it is usually
present, even in the_sooty brown form ab. _nigrofulvata_, Collins_(Plate
61, Fig. 7),_described_from_Delamere, Cheshire, also found_in Shropshire,
and recorded from "Oakley Wood."

[Illustration]

_ 2 Pl. 120.
  _      _ 1, 3. EARLY MOTH.
 _   2, 4,_5, 6._SPRING USHER.
   _  _ _  7,_9. SCARCE UMBER.
  8, 10,_11, 12. DOTTED_BORDER.

[Illustration]

  2 Pl. 121.
 __  _1._DARK-BORDERED_BEAUTY: _eggs_.
_ 2, 2a._BORDERED_BEAUTY: _eggs_and_caterpillar_.
     _3._LITTLE THORN: _caterpillar_.

{289} The caterpillar (Plate 123,_Fig. 2) is green,_with_white or creamy
transverse lines_and stripes; head, reddish. Another_form is pale ochreous
grey or brownish,_with pale_grey lines_and stripes; head, almost black,
with purple tinge. It feeds on the_needles of Scots pine (_Pinus
sylvestris_), in_July and August, and_occasionally in_September_and
October. A photograph_of_the chrysalis_by Mr. H. Main, enlarged to twice
natural_size, is_shown on Plate 123.

The moth is_to be found in_fir_woods, where it lurks among the_branches or
sits on the trunks, or_on the fallen needles on_the_ground._The moths of
the first generation_appear in June and July and,_where it occurs,