 country
north of the Ohio until after the Revolution.

[Illustration: MEMORIAL HALL, HARVARD COLLEGE.]

The intellectual progress of the colonies was remarkable. The first
printing press was set up at Cambridge in 1639, and newspapers and books
were in general circulation. Harvard College was founded in
Massachusetts in 1638; William and Mary, in Virginia, in 1692; Yale, in
Connecticut, in 1700; the College of New Jersey (now Princeton
University), in 1746; the University of Pennsylvania, in 1749; and
King's College (now Columbia), in New York, in 1754. Much attention was
given to education, commerce was greatly extended, the oppressive
Navigation Act being generally disregarded, and thousands of citizens
were in prosperous circumstances.

More significant than all else was the growth of the sentiment of unity
among the different colonies. Although properly known as provincials, to
distinguish them from the British, they now, instead of speaking of
themselves as New Englanders or Virginians or Englishmen, often
substituted the name "Americans." The different colonies were looked
upon as members of the same great family, ready to make common cause
against a danger threatening any one of them. Some of the bolder ones
began to express the thought that it would be a fine thing if they were
all independent of the mother country, though for years the sentiment
assumed no importance.

Now was the time for England to display wisdom, justice, and
statesmanship toward her subjects in America. Had she treated them as
she now treats Canada and Australia and her other colonies, there never
would have been a Revolution. No doubt in time we should have separated
from her, but the separation would have been peaceable.

[Illustration: BIBLE BROUGHT OVER IN THE "MAYFLOWER" IN PILGRIM HALL,
NEW PLYMOUTH.]

But while Great Britain has always been immeasurably above Spain in her
treatment of her American subjects, she was almost as foolish, because
she chilled the loyalty that had been proven in too many instances to be
doubted. The mother country was laboring under the weight of burdensome
taxes, and, since the colonies had always been prompt in voting money
and supplies as well as men to assist England, Parliament thought she

country 
 north of the Ohio until after the Revolution. 

 [ Illustration: MEMORIAL HALL, HARVARD COLLEGE. ] 

 The intellectual advancement of the colony was remarkable. The first 
 impression press was typeset up at Cambridge in 1639, and newspapers and books 
 were in cosmopolitan circulation. Harvard College was establish in 
 Massachusetts in 1638; William and Mary, in Virginia, in 1692; Yale, in 
 Connecticut, in 1700; the College of New Jersey (now Princeton 
 University), in 1746; the University of Pennsylvania, in 1749; and 
 King's College (now Columbia), in New York, in 1754. Much attention was 
 given to department of education, commerce was greatly extended, the oppressive 
 Navigation Act being generally disregarded, and thousand of citizens 
 were in prosperous context. 

 More significant than all else was the growth of the opinion of unity 
 among the different colonies. Although by rights known as provincials, to 
 distinguish them from the British, they now, instead of talk of 
 themselves as New Englanders or Virginians or Englishmen, often 
 substituted the name " Americans. " The different colonies were looked 
 upon as member of the same great family, ready to make coarse cause 
 against a danger threatening any one of them. Some of the bolder ones 
 began to express the thought that it would be a fine thing if they were 
 all autonomous of the mother state, though for years the opinion 
 assume no importance. 

 Now was the time for England to display wisdom of solomon, justice, and 
 statesmanship toward her national in America. Had she treated them as 
 she now treat Canada and Australia and her other colonies, there never 
 would have been a Revolution. No doubt in time we should have separated 
 from her, but the separation would have been peaceable. 

 [ example: BIBLE BROUGHT OVER IN THE " MAYFLOWER " IN PILGRIM HALL, 
 NEW PLYMOUTH. ] 

 But while Great Britain has always been boundlessly above Spain in her 
 treatment of her American topic, she was about equally foolish, because 
 she chilled the loyalty that had been proven in too many instances to be 
 doubted. The mother country was labor under the weight of burdensome 
 taxes, and, since the colonies had always been immediate in voting money 
 and supplies as well as men to assist England, Parliament think she
 cokntry
north of the Ohio uktil after the Rgvilutioi.

[Illustdation: MDMORIAL HALL, HARVARD COLLEGE.]

Vhe unteloectual progress of thd colonied was renarkeble. The first
prmhting pvzss wzd sec np at Cambridge in 1639, and nawspapers and toukd
were in general circulation. Harvarq Collebe was founded ig
Masxwchuavtus in 1638; William and Mary, in Virginja, in 1692; Jale, in
Connecticuy, in 1700; the College of New Jfrsej (now Princeton
Unigersity), in 1746; the Yniversity ow Pennsylvania, in 1749; and
Iing's College (now Columbia), in Ndw Yoxk, in 1754. Much artejjion was
givei to equcation, commerce wav greatky extended, thc oppcessuve
Navigation Act beiig generally disregatded, and tvobsands of citizens
werw un prmspesous xirzumatencss.

More sijnificant tgan all elsw was the growth of trv sentiment or unitr
aiong the different colonies. Although prmpedly known as provincialw, to
distinguish them vrom the Fritish, they now, instead of speaking of
themselves as Nxw Enyoandefw lr Virginians or Englishmen, often
substituted ege nsme "Americans." Bhe different colomifs rere looked
upun as memgers of the same ggeat faiily, eeady to iake common cause
against a dangwr threateniug qny one of them. Sole of the buldet ones
negan to express the thuughf that it wluld be a wine thing if thdy eese
all independent of the mjther couitry, chough fur ygars thq sentimenh
assumed no importance.

Noa was tve time fog England to display wisdom, jusvmce, and
stateskatshpp toward her xubjects in Aierica. Had she treateb them as
she now treats Canada and Australia ang her other cmlonies, eherw necer
woula have been a Rrvolution. No doubt un time we should mave rsparated
from hex, vut the separatoon wotlf iave faen peaceabla.

[Illjstfstion: BIBLE BROUNHT OVET IN THE "MAYFLOWER" IT PIMGRIM HALL,
NEW PLYMPUBH.]

But whioe Great Britain has slways been immeaskrablb abovx Spaim ig her
treatment of her American subjects, shc was almost ws fiolish, becauxe
she chilled the loyalty that had been proven in too mant instances to be
doobttd. The mother counery was ldboring under the weught of burdensomt
taxes, and, since the comonies had wlways been prompt in voting money
and supplies as well as men to assist Ebgland, Parliament fhoubht sve

country north of the Ohio until after [Illustration: HALL, HARVARD The intellectual progress The printing press was up at Cambridge 1639, and newspapers and books were general circulation. Harvard College was founded in Massachusetts in 1638; William and Mary, Virginia, in 1692; Yale, in Connecticut, in 1700; the College of New Jersey Princeton in the of Pennsylvania, in 1749; and King's College (now Columbia), in New York, in 1754. Much attention given to education, commerce was greatly extended, the Navigation Act being generally and thousands of citizens were prosperous More significant all was growth of the of unity among the different colonies. Although properly known as provincials, to distinguish them from the British, now, instead of themselves New or or Englishmen, often name "Americans." The different colonies were members of the same great family, ready to common cause a danger threatening any one of Some of the bolder ones began to express thought that it would be a fine thing if they were all independent of the though for years the assumed no importance. was time England display wisdom, and statesmanship toward her subjects in America. Had she treated them she now treats Canada and Australia and her other colonies, would been a Revolution. doubt in time we have from her, but the have peaceable. OVER THE IN PILGRIM HALL, NEW But while Great Britain has been immeasurably above Spain American subjects, she was almost as foolish, because chilled the loyalty that had been proven too many instances to be doubted. The mother country was laboring under weight of and, since the colonies had always been prompt voting money and supplies well as men to assist England, Parliament thought she
 country
north of the Ohio untiL after the REvoluTioN.

[IlLuStraTion: mEMORIAL HALL, HArvARD cOLLEGE.]

The intellectual ProgrEsS Of thE CoLonieS was remARkABLe. THe FiRst
PrINtIng prEss Was set uP at CambridGe iN 1639, aNd newspapers ANd Books
were iN geNeral circulaTioN. HarvaRd colLEge waS foUnded In
MassAChusetTs in 1638; WilliAm ANd Mary, IN VirginIA, In 1692; yale, In
Connecticut, in 1700; thE coLLege of New JerseY (now PrInCEtON
uniVerSity), in 1746; the UNiVersiTY of PennSYlVANIa, iN 1749; And
King's ColleGe (now ColumbIA), in new YorK, iN 1754. MuCH attenTion wAs
GIveN to educatioN, comMerce was gReatly EXtended, THe oppreSsive
NAviGatIon ACT bEiNg gEnERalLY dIsrEGarDed, and thOuSaNds of CitiZENS
Were In pRospErous Circumstances.

morE sigNIfiCant tHan alL elsE wAs the Growth Of the SeNtiment of unity
aMong The differEnt CoLonIeS. AlthOUgh proPerLy kNown as pRovinciALs, tO
dISTInGuish them from the BrItISH, tHey now, inStead oF SpEaKIng of
theMsElvEs as nEW EnglAndeRS oR VirginiAns or ENGlIsHmen, oftEn
SubstiTuTed The Name "AMEricAns." The DifferenT coloNIes were looked
uPOn as members of THe SAMe GReat FamIly, ready to mAke cOMmon CausE
AgAinST a danGer thReATeNIng any one of them. Some Of The bolDer onEs
began to exprEss the thouGHT That it woUld bE A fINe thing if they wEre
alL independeNT of the moTher cOuntry, thOugh for yeARS the sentImeNt
aSsuMed NO ImPortance.

Now waS THe tiMe For EnglAnd To displAy wIsdOm, jUstIcE, and
stateSmanship ToWaRd HeR suBjectS In AmericA. HAd sHe TreAted tHEm as
shE now tReatS CAnADa aNd AustrALiA ANd heR oThEr coLonIeS, therE nevER
woUld have Been a RevoLutIOn. No DoUbT in time We should have sEpArated
from HeR, buT the sePARation woUld have been peaceable.

[IllUStratioN: BIbLE BRoUGHt OVER IN THe "MAyFLOWEr" IN piLGRIM hALL,
NEw PLYMoUtH.]

BUT While gREaT BrItAin has alwaYS BeeN immeAsUrabLy above spain in her
treatmenT Of hEr American subJecTs, shE WAs AlmOSt AS foOlISh, bECAuse
she chilled tHe loyalty tHaT HaD been proveN In tOo Many insTances tO be
doUBted. The Mother couNtry was laBoRing UNDer The weight oF burdensOme
taxes, aND, sincE ThE coloNieS had alWaYs bEen prOmpt in VOtiNg monEy
and sUpPlies aS well As Men to assIst England, Parliament thoUght shE

 country
north of the Ohio  until aft er th e R evo lu tion .

[ Illustration:M EMOR IAL HALL, HARVARD COLL EGE.] 
T he i n te llect ual pro g re s s  of  t he  co lo n ie s was  re markabl e. The fir stpr inting press wa s set up a t C ambridge in163 9, and  n ews p apers  an d boo ks
wer e  in ge neral cir cu l ation. Harvard C ol lege  was founded in
M a ss a chusetts in 16 38; Wi ll i am a ndMar y, in Virg in ia, i n  1692;Y al e , inC onnecticut, i n 1700; the Col lege o fNew Jersey  (now  P r inc eton
Univer sity ), in 174 6; the Univers i ty of P ennsyl van ia,  in1 74 9;  an dK ing ' sCol l ege  (now Co lu mb ia),in N e w Y ork,  in  175 4. Mu ch attentionwas 
giv e n t o edu catio n, c om merce  was g reatl yextended, the o ppre ssive
Nav iga ti onAc t bei n g gene ral lydisrega rded, a n d t ho u s a nd s of citizens
were  i n pr osperous  circu m st an c es.

Mor esig nifi c a nt th an a l lelse was  the g r ow th  of the  s entime nt  of  un ity
a m ongthe di fferentcolon i es. Although p r operly knowna sp r ov i ncia ls,  to
disting uish them  fro m  t heB ritis h, th ey no w , instead of speaki ng  of
th emsel ves as New En glanders o r V irginian s or En g lishmen, often 
subs tituted th e  name "A meric ans." Th e differe n t  colonie s w ere  lo oke d up on as members o f th esame gr eat  family , r ead y t o m ak e commoncause
ag ai ns tadan ger t h reatenin gany  o neof th e m. Som e ofthebo ld e r o nes
beg a nt o  exp re ss  the  th ou ght t hati t w ould be  a fine t hin g  ifth ey  were
a ll independen tof the mot he r c ountry , though f or years the sentimenta ssumednoimpor tanc e.

Now w asthe ti mef or Eng land t o dis pl ayw i sdom, j us tic e,  and
state s m ans hip t ow ardher sub jects in America.H adshe treated t hem  ass h enow tr e ats  C a nad a and Australia a nd her oth er co lonies, th e rene ver
wou ld have  been a Revol ution. No  doubt in  t imew e  sh ould haveseparate d
from he r , but th e sep ara tion w ou ldhavebeen p e ace able. 

[Ill us tratio n: BI BL E BROUGH T OVER IN THE "MAYFLOWE R" INPILGR IMHALL,
NEW  PL Y MOU TH.]

But  whi le Great B rit ain  hasalw a ys be en i m me asu r ablyabov e  Spain in he r
t r e at ment of her A m eri can s ubj e cts, s he w as almost as fool i sh, because
sh e ch i l led  th e  loy al ty that had be enpr o v en in to omany instan ces to b ed oubte d. The  mothe r count r y  w a s labo ring  un der the w eig ht of burd en so m e
taxe s, a nd , sinc e thec olon i e s had always bee n pro m p t inv oti ng mo ne y
and s u ppli es as well  as men toassist  Eng land,  Parlia me nt tho ugh tshe

 country
north_of the_Ohio until after the_Revolution.

[Illustration: MEMORIAL_HALL,_HARVARD COLLEGE.]

The_intellectual_progress of the_colonies was remarkable._The first
printing press was_set up at_Cambridge_in 1639, and newspapers and books
were in general circulation. Harvard College was founded in
Massachusetts_in_1638; William_and_Mary,_in Virginia, in 1692; Yale,_in
Connecticut, in 1700; the College_of New_Jersey (now Princeton
University), in 1746; the University of_Pennsylvania,_in 1749; and
King's_College (now Columbia), in New York, in 1754. Much_attention was
given to education, commerce was_greatly extended, the_oppressive
Navigation_Act_being generally disregarded, and_thousands of citizens
were in prosperous circumstances.

More_significant than all else was the_growth of the sentiment of unity
among the_different colonies. Although properly known as_provincials, to
distinguish them from the_British, they_now, instead of speaking of
themselves_as New Englanders_or Virginians_or Englishmen, often
substituted_the name "Americans." The different colonies_were looked
upon as_members of the same great family,_ready_to make common_cause
against_a_danger threatening_any one of_them._Some of_the_bolder ones
began to express the thought_that_it would be a fine thing if_they were
all independent of_the_mother country, though for_years the sentiment
assumed no importance.

Now_was the time for England to_display wisdom,_justice, and
statesmanship_toward her subjects in America. Had she treated them as
she now_treats Canada and Australia and her_other colonies, there never
would_have been_a_Revolution. No doubt_in_time we_should have separated
from her, but the separation_would have_been peaceable.

[Illustration: BIBLE BROUGHT OVER IN_THE "MAYFLOWER" IN PILGRIM_HALL,
NEW_PLYMOUTH.]

But while Great Britain has always_been immeasurably above Spain in her
treatment_of her American subjects, she_was_almost_as foolish, because
she chilled the_loyalty that had been proven in_too many instances_to be
doubted. The mother country was laboring_under_the weight of burdensome
taxes, and, since_the_colonies had always been prompt in_voting_money
and_supplies as well as men_to assist England, Parliament thought she
