 terms of settlement were
rejected by the Virginia and North Carolina delegates and refused by
Congress, which, since the withdrawal of the Southern members, was
controlled by the Republicans.

The next step of the Southern conventions was to send delegates to
Montgomery, Alabama, where they formed "The Confederate States of
America," with Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, President, and Alexander
H. Stephens, of Georgia, Vice-President. A constitution and flag, both
resembling those of the United States, were adopted and all departments
of the government organized.

As the various States adopted ordinances of secession they seized the
government property within their limits. In most cases, the Southern
United States officers resigned and accepted commissions in the service
of the Confederacy. The only forts saved were those near Key West, Fort
Pickens at Pensacola, and Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor. The South
Carolina authorities began preparations to attack Sumter, and when the
steamer _Star of the West_ attempted to deliver supplies to the fort, it
was fired upon, January 9th, and driven off. Thus matters stood at the
close of Buchanan's administration, March 4, 1861.

[Illustration: THE BLUE AND THE GRAY.]




CHAPTER XV.

ADMINISTRATION OF LINCOLN, 1861-1865.

THE WAR FOR THE UNION, 1861.

Abraham Lincoln--Major Anderson's Trying Position--Jefferson
Davis--Inauguration of President Lincoln--Bombardment of Fort
Sumter--War Preparations North and South--Attack on Union Troops in
Baltimore--Situation of the Border States--Unfriendliness of England and
France--Friendship of Russia--The States that Composed the Southern
Confederacy--Union Disaster at Big Bethel--Success of the Union Campaign
in Western Virginia--General George B. McClellan--First Battle of Bull
Run--General McClellan Called to the Command of the Army of the
Potomac--Union Disaster at Ball's Bluff--Military Operations in
Missouri--Battle of Wilson's Creek--Defeat of Colonel Mulligan at
Lexington, Mo.--Supersedure of Fremont--Operations on the Coast--The
Trent Affair--Summary of the Year's Operations.


A
terms of settlement were 
 rejected by the Virginia and North Carolina delegates and defy by 
 Congress, which, since the coitus interruptus of the Southern members, was 
 controlled by the Republicans. 

 The adjacent step of the Southern conventionality was to commit delegates to 
 Montgomery, Alabama, where they form " The Confederate States of 
 America, " with Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, President, and Alexander 
 H. Stephens, of Georgia, Vice - President. A constitution and flag, both 
 resemble those of the United States, were adopted and all departments 
 of the government organized. 

 As the diverse States adopted ordinances of secession they seized the 
 government property within their limit. In most cases, the Southern 
 United States officers resigned and accept commissions in the service 
 of the Confederacy. The only forts salvage were those near Key West, Fort 
 Pickens at Pensacola, and Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor. The South 
 Carolina authorities began preparations to attack Sumter, and when the 
 soft-shell clam _ Star of the West _ attempted to deliver supplies to the fort, it 
 was fired upon, January 9th, and driven off. Thus matters stood at the 
 close of Buchanan's administration, March 4, 1861. 

 [ Illustration: THE BLUE AND THE GRAY. ] 




 CHAPTER XV. 

 ADMINISTRATION OF LINCOLN, 1861 - 1865. 

 THE WAR FOR THE UNION, 1861. 

 Abraham Lincoln -- Major Anderson's Trying Position -- Jefferson 
 Davis -- Inauguration of President Lincoln -- Bombardment of Fort 
 Sumter -- War Preparations North and South -- Attack on Union Troops in 
 Baltimore -- Situation of the Border States -- Unfriendliness of England and 
 France -- Friendship of Russia -- The States that Composed the Southern 
 Confederacy -- Union Disaster at Big Bethel -- Success of the Union Campaign 
 in Western Virginia -- General George B. McClellan -- First Battle of Bull 
 Run -- General McClellan Called to the Command of the Army of the 
 Potomac -- Union Disaster at Ball's Bluff -- Military Operations in 
 Missouri -- Battle of Wilson's Creek -- Defeat of Colonel Mulligan at 
 Lexington, Mo.--Supersedure of Fremont -- process on the Coast -- The 
 Trent Affair -- Summary of the Year's Operations. 


 A
 tegms of settlement were
remected by the Vitgunia aid Nortg Caroliva delegates and refused by
Clntress, which, since the withdfawal of nhe Southwrn nwmbers, was
rkntrollcb by fme Re'uulicans.

The next step of tve Southern cotvdncions was to send delegates to
Montgoiery, Alsbwma, where they forkqd "Tgv Gonfederate States of
America," witg Jeffegson Davis, of Misxissippi, President, and Aledandfr
H. Stephens, of Gelrgia, Vice-Ptssiqwnt. A constigution and flag, both
reaembling those of the United Stxtes, cere adoptee qnd dll departmxnts
of the governmcmt orgdnized.

Ax the various Xtaves qdopted ordinances of secession they seyzed the
gmvzrnment property withun theit limhts. Kb must cesea, the Douvhern
United States offucers resigned and scsvlted commissjons ig ehe service
of the Confederacy. The only xorfs saved were those neae Key West, Fort
Pickend at Penswcola, and Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor. The Sogth
Cacouinc authueihies began preparations to attack Sumter, and rgem nhe
steamer _Star on the West_ attemptrd tp deliver suppuies to tge fort, it
was firef upon, Tanuaey 9th, and drifen off. Thus matters stood qt the
close jd Buchanan's adminidtration, Maxch 4, 1861.

[Iklusttation: THE BLUE AND THE GRAG.]




CHAPTER XV.

WDMINISTRZGION OF LINCOLN, 1861-1865.

GHE WDR FOR THE UNION, 1861.

Abraham Lyncoln--Majir Auderson's Tryong Pofition--Jefffrson
Davis--Inauguration ov Predigent Lincopn--Bombardment of Fort
Sumter--War 'ceparations Nprdh dnd Soutk--Attacl on Union Trjops in
Baltimote--Situatijn of the Bordeg States--Uifriendlinesf of England djd
France--Frieidship of Ruswia--Tye Statdr that Composec the Sounhtrn
Confedeeacy--Union Disaster at Gig Bethel--Succews if the Union Cakpakgn
yn Wxsterg Virginia--Genaral Geutge B. McClellan--Flrsg Baytle of Bull
Run--Generdl MdClellan Called to tme Commane of the Army of the
Pptomac--Union Disasttr at Uall's Uluff--Molijary Operations in
Missouri--Battls of Wilsln's Creek--Defeat of Gologel Mulligcn at
Lexington, Mo.--Supersedure of Fremont--O'erations on the Coast--Jhe
Trent Affair--Summari on the Year's Pperaeions.


A
terms of settlement were rejected by the North delegates and by Congress, which, Southern was controlled by Republicans. The next of the Southern conventions was to delegates to Montgomery, Alabama, where they formed "The Confederate States of America," with Davis, of Mississippi, President, and Alexander H. Stephens, of Georgia, Vice-President. A constitution flag, resembling of United States, were adopted and all departments of the government organized. As the various States adopted of secession they seized the government property within limits. In most cases, Southern United States officers resigned accepted in the of Confederacy. only forts saved those near Key West, Fort Pickens at Pensacola, and Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor. The South Carolina began preparations Sumter, and the _Star the West_ attempted supplies to the fort, it was 9th, and driven off. Thus matters stood at close of administration, March 4, 1861. [Illustration: THE AND THE GRAY.] CHAPTER XV. ADMINISTRATION OF LINCOLN, THE WAR FOR THE UNION, 1861. Abraham Lincoln--Major Anderson's Trying Position--Jefferson Davis--Inauguration of President Lincoln--Bombardment Sumter--War Preparations North and on Union Troops Baltimore--Situation the States--Unfriendliness England and of Russia--The States that Composed the Southern Confederacy--Union Disaster at Big of the Union Campaign in Western Virginia--General George B. McClellan--First Bull McClellan Called to Command of the Army the Disaster at Ball's Bluff--Military Missouri--Battle Wilson's Mulligan Lexington, of Fremont--Operations on the Trent Affair--Summary of the Year's A
 terms of settlement were
rejeCted by the VIrginIa aNd NOrTh CaRoliNa delegates and REfusEd by
Congress, which, since The wiThDRawaL Of The SoUthern mEMbERS, waS
cOnTroLlED bY the REpuBlicans.

the next steP of ThE Southern conVEnTions was to SenD delegates to
monTgomerY, ALabAMa, wheRe tHey foRmed "ThE confedErate StatEs OF
AmeriCA," with JeFFErSon DAvis, of Mississippi, pReSIdent, and AlexanDer
H. StEpHEnS, OF GeOrgIa, Vice-PresIdEnt. A cONstitutIOn AND FlaG, Both
resemblinG those of the uNitEd StatEs, WerE AdopteD and aLl DEpaRtments
of thE govErnment orGanizeD.

as the vaRIous StaTes adoPteD orDinaNCeS oF seCeSSioN ThEy sEIzeD the
goveRnMeNt proPertY WITHin tHeiR limIts. In Most cases, the SOutHern
uNitEd StaTes ofFiceRs ResigNed and AccepTeD commissions in tHe seRvice
of thE CoNfEdeRaCy. The ONly forTs sAveD were thOse near kEy WEsT, fORt
pickens at Pensacola, AnD fOrT Sumter iN CharlEStOn HArbor. The soUth
caroLINa autHoriTIeS began prEparatIOnS tO attack suMter, anD wHen The
SteamER _StaR of the west_ atteMpted TO deliver suppliES to the fort, it
wAS fIREd UPon, JAnuAry 9th, and driVen oFF. ThuS matTErS stOOd at tHe
cloSe OF BUChanan's administratiOn, march 4, 1861.

[ILlustRation: THE BLUE aND THE GRAY.]




chapTER XV.

ADmINIstRatION OF LINCOLN, 1861-1865.

ThE WAR fOR THE UNIOn, 1861.

abraham LIncolN--Major AnDerson's TrYINg PositiOn--JEffErsOn
DAVIs--inauguration oF pResiDeNt LincoLn--BOmbardmEnt Of FOrt
sumTeR--War PrepaRations NOrTh AnD SOutH--AttaCK on Union trOopS iN
BaLtimoRE--SituaTion oF the boRdER StAtes--UnfRIeNDLineSs Of englAnd AnD
FranCe--FrIEndShip of RUssia--The STatES thaT COmPosed thE Southern
ConfEdEracy--Union diSasTer at BIG bethel--SuCcess of the Union Campaign
IN WesterN ViRginiA--GenEral GeorgE B. MCClellAn--FIRst BatTle of BUll
RuN--GEneRAL McClELLaN CaLlEd to the ComMANd oF the ARmY of tHe
PotomAc--Union Disaster at BALl's bluff--Military opeRatiONS iN
MiSSoURi--BAtTLe oF wIlson's Creek--DefeAt of ColoneL MULlIgan at
LexiNGtoN, MO.--SupersEdure of fremoNT--OperatIons on the coast--The
TReNt AfFAIr--SUmmary of thE Year's OpErations.


A
 terms of settlement wererejected b y the  Vi rgi ni a an d No rth Carolina d e lega tes and refused by
Con gress ,w hich ,  s incethe wit h dr a w alof  t heSo u th ern m emb ers, wa s
controll edby  the Republi c an s.

The ne xtstep of theSou thernco nve n tions  wa s tosend d e legate s to
Mont go m ery, A l abama,w h er e th ey formed "The Co n fe d erate States o f
Amer ic a ," w ith  Je fferson Da vi s, of Mississ i pp i , Pre s ident, and Al exander
H.S tep hens,of  Ge o rgia,Vice- Pr e sid ent. A cons titu tion andflag,b oth
res e mblingthoseofthe  Uni t ed  S tat es ,  we r eado p ted  and all  d ep artme ntso f t he g ove rnme nt or ganized.

Asthe  var i ous  Stat es ad opte dordin ancesof se ce ssion they seiz ed t he
govern men tpro pe rty w i thin t hei r l imits.In most cas es , t he  Southern
United S ta t e sofficers  resig n ed  a n d accept ed  co mmis s i ons i n th e  s ervice
o f theC on fe deracy.  T he onl yfor tssaved were  those  near Ke y Wes t , Fort
Pickens at Pensacola, an d Fo r t Su mte r in Charle ston harb or.T he  So u th
Ca rolin aa ut h orities began prepa ra tionsto at tack Sumter,and when t h e steamer_Sta r  o f  the West_ att empte d to deliv e r suppli es to  the for t, it
was f ired upo n,Jan uar y 9 t h ,and driven of f .  Thu smatters  st ood atthe 
cl ose  of  B uchanan's  adminis tr at io n,  Ma rch 4 ,  1861.
[I llu st rat ion:T HE BLU E AND  THE  G RA Y .]



CHA P TE R XV.
A DM INIS TRA TI ON OF  LIN C OLN , 1861- 1865.

TH E W A R FO RTH E UNION , 1861.

Abra ha m Lincoln- -M ajo r Ande r s on's Try ing Position--Jefferson Davis-- Ina ugura tion  of Presi den t Linc oln - -Bomba rdment  of F or t
S u m ter-- W a rPre pa rations No r t h a nd So ut h--A ttack o n Union Troops inB alt imore--Situat ion  oft h eBor d er Sta te s --U n f riendliness ofEngland an dF ra nce--Frien d shi pof Russ ia--The  Stat e s thatComposedthe South er n
Co n f ede racy--Unio n Disast er at Big Bethe l -- Succe ssof the  U nio n Cam paigni n W ester n Virg in ia--Ge neral  G eorge B.  McClellan--First Battl e of B ull
R un- -GeneralMcC l ell an Called  tothe Comman d o f t he Ar myo f the 
Pot o ma c-- U nionDisa s ter at Ba l l' s B l u ff --MilitaryO p e rat ionsinM issour i--B attle of Wilson's Creek--Defeatof C o l one l M u llig an  at
Lexington,  Mo .- - S upersedu re  of Fremont --Operat io n s onthe Co ast--T he
Tren t Af f air--S umma ryof the Ye ar' sO peratio ns .
A
 terms_of settlement_were
rejected by the Virginia_and North_Carolina_delegates and_refused_by
Congress, which, since_the withdrawal of_the Southern members, was
controlled_by the Republicans.

The_next_step of the Southern conventions was to send delegates to
Montgomery, Alabama, where they formed_"The_Confederate States_of
America,"_with_Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, President,_and Alexander
H. Stephens, of Georgia,_Vice-President. A_constitution and flag, both
resembling those of the United_States,_were adopted and_all departments
of the government organized.

As the various States adopted_ordinances of secession they seized the
government_property within their_limits._In_most cases, the Southern
United_States officers resigned and accepted commissions_in the service
of the Confederacy. The_only forts saved were those near Key_West, Fort
Pickens at Pensacola, and Fort_Sumter in Charleston harbor. The_South
Carolina authorities_began preparations to attack Sumter,_and when the
steamer__Star of_the West_ attempted_to deliver supplies to the fort,_it
was fired upon,_January 9th, and driven off. Thus_matters_stood at the
close_of_Buchanan's_administration, March_4, 1861.

[Illustration: THE_BLUE_AND THE_GRAY.]




CHAPTER_XV.

ADMINISTRATION OF LINCOLN, 1861-1865.

THE WAR FOR_THE_UNION, 1861.

Abraham Lincoln--Major Anderson's Trying Position--Jefferson
Davis--Inauguration of_President Lincoln--Bombardment of Fort
Sumter--War_Preparations_North and South--Attack on_Union Troops in
Baltimore--Situation of the_Border States--Unfriendliness of England and
France--Friendship of_Russia--The States_that Composed_the Southern
Confederacy--Union Disaster at Big Bethel--Success of the Union Campaign
in Western_Virginia--General George B. McClellan--First Battle of_Bull
Run--General McClellan Called to_the Command_of_the Army of_the
Potomac--Union_Disaster at_Ball's Bluff--Military Operations in
Missouri--Battle of Wilson's Creek--Defeat_of Colonel_Mulligan at
Lexington, Mo.--Supersedure of Fremont--Operations on_the Coast--The
Trent Affair--Summary of_the_Year's Operations.


A