 the last
paragraph of the oration which he made in New York on the 4th of
July, 1861. "The Missouri and the Mississippi rivers," he says, "with
their hundred tributaries give to the great central basin of our
continent its character and destiny. The outlet of this system lies
between the States of Tennessee and Missouri, of Mississippi and
Arkansas, and through the State of Louisiana. The ancient province
so called, the proudest monument of the mighty monarch whose
name it bears, passed from the jurisdiction of France to that of
Spain in 1763. Spain coveted it; not that she might fill it with
prosperous colonies and rising States, but that it might stretch
as a broad waste barrier, infested with warlike tribes, between
the Anglo-American power and the silver mines of Mexico. With the
independence of the United States, the fear of a still more dangerous
neighbour grew upon Spain; and in the insane expectation of checking
the progress of the Union westward, she threatened, and at times
attempted, to close the mouth of the Mississippi on the rapidly
increasing trade of the West. The bare suggestion of such a
policy roused the population upon the banks of the Ohio, then
inconsiderable, as one man. Their confidence in Washington scarcely
restrained them from rushing to the seizure of New Orleans, when
the treaty of San Lorenzo El Real, in 1795, stipulated for them a
precarious right of navigating the noble river to the sea, with a
right of deposit at New Orleans. This subject was for years the
turning-point of the politics of the West; and it was perfectly well
understood that, sooner or later, she would be content with nothing
less than the sovereign control of the mighty stream from its
head-spring to its outlet in the Gulf. _And that is as true now as it
was then._"

This is well put. It describes with force the desires, ambition,
and necessities of a great nation, and it tells with historical truth
the story of the success of that nation. It was a great thing done
when the purchase of the whole of Louisiana was completed by the
United States,--that cession by France, however, having been made
at the instance of Napoleon, and not in consequence of any demand
made by the States. The district then called Louisiana included

the last 
 paragraph of the oration which he made in New York on the 4th of 
 July, 1861. " The Missouri and the Mississippi rivers, " he says, " with 
 their hundred feeder contribute to the great central river basin of our 
 continent its quality and destiny. The outlet of this organization lie 
 between the States of Tennessee and Missouri, of Mississippi and 
 Arkansas, and through the State of Louisiana. The ancient province 
 thus called, the proudest repository of the mighty monarch whose 
 name it bears, sink from the jurisdiction of France to that of 
 Spain in 1763. Spain coveted it; not that she might fill it with 
 prosperous colonies and rising state, but that it might stretch 
 as a broad waste barrier, infest with warlike tribes, between 
 the Anglo - American power and the argent mines of Mexico. With the 
 independence of the United States, the fear of a still more dangerous 
 neighbour grew upon Spain; and in the harebrained expectation of checking 
 the progress of the Union westward, she threatened, and at times 
 attempted, to close up the mouth of the Mississippi on the rapidly 
 increasing trade of the West. The bare suggestion of such a 
 policy roused the population upon the banks of the Ohio, then 
 inconsiderable, as one man. Their confidence in Washington barely 
 restrained them from rushing to the capture of New Orleans, when 
 the treaty of San Lorenzo El Real, in 1795, stipulate for them a 
 precarious right of navigating the baronial river to the sea, with a 
 right field of deposit at New Orleans. This subject was for years the 
 turn - point of the politics of the West; and it was perfectly well 
 understood that, sooner or later, she would be content with nothing 
 less than the autonomous control of the mighty stream from its 
 head - spring to its outlet in the Gulf. _ And that is as true nowadays as it 
 was then. _ " 

 This is well put. It describes with force the desires, ambition, 
 and necessities of a great state, and it tells with historical truth 
 the story of the success of that nation. It was a great thing done 
 when the leverage of the whole of Louisiana was completed by the 
 United States,--that cession by France, however, having been made 
 at the instance of Napoleon, and not in consequence of any demand 
 made by the States. The district then call Louisiana included
 thf last
paragraph of the ovation which he made in New Ykrk on tfe 4th of
July, 1861. "The Missouri aid tye Miwsissippi rivers," he sahs, "with
thvir hundrwd tcibutaries give vk the gvzat csktral uasin of our
conjinent its cvaracter and dasgiuy. The outlet of this system lies
betreen thr Dtates of Tenngssee wnd Jpswouri, of Mississippi and
Arkanaas, and through the Xtate of Louisiana. The anclent province
so called, the proudewt mjbument of thd mighty monarch whose
hame it bears, passed from the jjrisdnction of Ftcbce jo that of
Spein in 1763. Spain covebvd it; nmt that she might filk iv wirh
prosperous colonies and rising States, but that ic might stretch
as a beoqd wavte tarrkwr, knftstxd sith wwrlmke tribes, getween
the Qnglo-American power age the silver jines jf Mexico. With the
independence of the Uniued Sfates, the fear of a stiol more dangerous
neigjbour grer upon Spain; and in the insane expectation of chewking
vhd pxigresr ov the Union westward, she threatened, and at tiiss
stnempted, to close bhe mouth of the Mosdixfippi on the tapidly
nhcdeasing trade of tje West. The vare suggtstiom of such a
policy roused thw population ypon the banks of che Ohio, theu
inconxidersble, as one man. Their cunfisence in Wadhington azarcely
restrainea tmem from rushing to the seizuwe of New Orlzans, whev
the treatr of San Llrenzo El Real, in 1795, stipupated fmr them a
pgecarious right of navigating tix noble river tm tve sea, wnth a
rlght of deposit at New Orleanx. This fubjezt was for years vhe
turning-poynt of the ponltics of the West; anq it was perfecguy well
understpod that, sooner or oater, she would be covfent with nothiuy
ltsw than the sovrrekgn clnvrol jx the mighty strdam grom kts
head-sprikg go iys outlet in the Gulx. _Ans that is as true mor as it
wqs then._"

Tris is well pit. It describes wiuh forre the desites, ambition,
and necessities of a freat natlon, and it tellf wibh hystorical cruth
the story of the success of that navion. It was a great thibg done
when the purehsse of the xhole jf Louisidna was completed by the
United States,--uhat cession by France, goweves, havlng been made
at the instance of Napoleon, and not in consequence of any denand
mave by the Stafes. Yhe dpstxicc then sallxd Louisiana incluced

the last paragraph of the oration which in York on 4th of July, Mississippi he says, "with hundred tributaries give the great central basin of our its character and destiny. The outlet of this system lies between the States Tennessee and Missouri, of Mississippi and Arkansas, and through the State of Louisiana. ancient so the monument of the mighty monarch whose name it bears, passed from the jurisdiction of France to of Spain in 1763. Spain coveted it; not she might fill it prosperous colonies and rising States, that might stretch a waste infested with warlike between the Anglo-American power and the silver mines of Mexico. With the independence of the United States, fear of more dangerous grew Spain; in the insane checking the progress of the Union and at times attempted, to close the mouth the Mississippi the rapidly increasing trade of the The bare suggestion of such a policy roused population upon the banks of the Ohio, then inconsiderable, as one man. Their confidence in restrained them from rushing the seizure of Orleans, the of Lorenzo El in 1795, stipulated for them a precarious right of navigating the river to the sea, with a right of deposit at This was for years turning-point of the politics the and it was perfectly that, or be with less than the sovereign of the mighty stream from head-spring to its outlet is as true now as it was then._" is well put. It describes with force desires, ambition, and necessities of a great nation, and it tells with truth the the success of that nation. It was a thing done when the of the whole of Louisiana was completed by the States,--that by France, having been made the instance of and not in any demand by States. called Louisiana included
 the last
paragraph of the oratIon which he Made iN NeW YoRk On thE 4th oF
July, 1861. "The MissouRI and The Mississippi rivers," he Says, "wItH
TheiR HuNdred TributaRIeS GIve To ThE grEaT CeNtral BasIn of our
Continent iTs cHaRacter and desTInY. The outlet Of tHis system lieS
beTween tHe staTEs of TEnnEssee And MisSOuri, of mississipPi ANd
ArkaNSas, and tHROuGh thE State of Louisiana. tHe ANcient province
So callEd, THe PROudEst Monument of ThE mighTY monarcH WhOSE
NamE It bears, passed From the juriSDicTion of frAncE To that Of
SpaIn IN 1763. SpAin coveted iT; not That she miGht filL It with
pROsperouS colonIes And RisiNG STaTes, BuT ThaT It MigHT stRetch
as a BrOaD wastE barRIER, InfeSteD witH warlIke tribes, betwEen
The ANGlo-ameriCan poWer aNd The siLver miNes of meXico. With the
indePendEnce of the uniTeD StAtEs, the FEar of a StiLl mOre dangErous
neIGhbOuR GREw Upon Spain; and in the iNsANE eXpectatiOn of chECkInG
The progrEsS of The UNIOn wesTwarD, ShE threateNed, and AT tImEs
attemPtEd, to clOsE thE moUth of THe MiSsissiPpi on the RapidLY
increasing traDE of the West. The BArE SUgGEstiOn oF such a
policY rouSEd thE popULaTioN Upon tHe banKs OF tHE Ohio, then
inconsiderAbLe, as onE man. THeir confidencE in WashingTON Scarcely
RestRAiNEd them from rushIng to The seizure OF New OrleAns, whEn
the treAty of San LOREnzo El ReAl, iN 1795, stIpuLatED FoR them a
precariOUS rigHt Of navigAtiNg the noBle RivEr tO thE sEa, with a
riGht of depOsIt At neW OrLeans. tHis subjeCt Was FoR yeArs thE
TurninG-poinT of tHe PoLItiCs of the wEsT; ANd it WaS pErfeCtlY wEll
unDersTOod That, sooNer or lateR, shE WoulD bE cOntent wIth nothing
lesS tHan the soveReIgn ControL OF the mighTy stream from its
head-spriNG to its oUtlEt in tHe GuLf. _And that Is aS true nOw aS It
was tHen._"

ThiS is weLl Put. iT DescrIBEs WitH fOrce the desIREs, aMbitiOn,
And nEcessitIes of a great nation, aND it Tells with histOriCal tRUTh
The SToRY of ThE SucCESs of that nation. IT was a great ThINg Done
when thE PurChAse of thE whole oF LouiSIana was Completed By the
UnitEd statES,--ThaT cession by france, hoWever, haviNG been MAdE
at thE inStance Of napOleon, And not IN coNsequEnce of AnY demanD
made By The StateS. The district then called LOuisiaNa incLudEd

 the last
paragraph of the  oration w hichhemad ein N ew Y ork on the 4th of
J uly, 1861. "The Missou ri an dt he M i ss issip pi rive r s, " hesa ys , " wi t htheir  hu ndred t ributaries  gi ve  to the grea t  c entral bas inof our
conti nen t itsch ara c ter a nddesti ny. Th e  outle t of this  s y stem l i es
betw e e ntheStates of Tenness e ea nd Missouri, o f Miss is s ip p i  an d
A rkansas, a nd  thro u gh theS ta t e ofL ouisiana. The  ancient pr o vin ce
soca lle d , theproud es t  mo nument of t he m ighty mon arch w h ose
nam e  it bea rs, pa sse d f romt he  j uri sd i cti o nofF ran ce to th at  o f
Spa in i n 1 7 63.Spa in c ovete d it; not tha t s he m i ght  fill  it w ithpr osper ous co lonie sand rising Stat es,but thatitmi ght  s tretc h 
as abro adwaste b arrier, inf es t e d  w ith warlike tribes ,b e tw een
theAnglo- A me ri c an power  a ndthes i lvermine s  o f Mexico . With th eindepen de nce of  t heUni ted S t ates , thefear ofa sti l l more dangero u s
neighbour g r ew u po n  Spa in;  and in the  ins a ne e xpec t at ion of ch eckin gt he progress of the Uni on  westw ard,she threatene d, and att i m es
attem pted ,  t o  close the mou th of  the Missi s sippi on  therapidlyincreasin g trade of  th e W est . T h e  b are suggestio n of s uc h a
pol icy  roused  th e p opu lat io n upon th e banksof  t he  O hio , the n 
inconsi de rab le , a s one man. T heirconf id en c e i n Washi n gt o n  sca rc el y
re str ai ned t hemf rom  rushin g to thesei z ureof  N ew Orle ans, when
the  t reaty of S an  Lo renzoE l  Real, i n 1795, stipulated fort hem a
p rec ariou s ri ght of na vig atingthe nobleriverto th esea , witha ri ght  o f deposita t  Ne w Orl ea ns.This su bject was for year s  th e
turning-poi ntof t h e  p oli t ic s  of  t h e W e s t; and it was p erfectly w el l 
u nderstoodt hat ,sooneror late r, sh e  wouldbe conten t with no th ingl e ssthan the s overeign  controlo f the mi ghtystr eam fr om  it s
hea d-spri n g t o its  outle tin the  Gulf ._And tha t is as true now as itwas th en._" 

T his is we llp ut.  It descr ibes  with forc e t hedesir es, ambit ion, an d n e cessi ties of a grea t  n ati o n ,and it tell s w ith  hist ori c al tru th
t he story of the s u ccess of thatnati o n . I t w a s agr eat thing done 
wh en t he purch as e of the wh ole of L ou i siana  was c omplet ed by t h e 
U n ited S tate s,- -that ces sio nb y Franc e,  h o wever,  hav in g been  madea t th e instance of Napo leon, a nd no t  in  cons eq uence o f  any  demand
ma de by the S tates.  The  dist rict th en  calle d L ou isiana inc l uded

 the_last
paragraph of_the oration which he_made in_New_York on_the_4th of
July, 1861._"The Missouri and_the Mississippi rivers," he_says, "with
their hundred_tributaries_give to the great central basin of our
continent its character and destiny. The outlet_of_this system_lies
between_the_States of Tennessee and Missouri,_of Mississippi and
Arkansas, and through_the State_of Louisiana. The ancient province
so called, the proudest_monument_of the mighty_monarch whose
name it bears, passed from the jurisdiction of_France to that of
Spain in 1763._Spain coveted it;_not_that_she might fill it_with
prosperous colonies and rising States, but_that it might stretch
as a broad_waste barrier, infested with warlike tribes, between
the_Anglo-American power and the silver mines_of Mexico. With the
independence of_the United_States, the fear of a_still more dangerous
neighbour_grew upon_Spain; and in_the insane expectation of checking
the progress_of the Union_westward, she threatened, and at times
attempted,_to_close the mouth_of_the_Mississippi on_the rapidly
increasing trade_of_the West._The_bare suggestion of such a
policy roused_the_population upon the banks of the Ohio,_then
inconsiderable, as one man._Their_confidence in Washington scarcely
restrained_them from rushing to the_seizure of New Orleans, when
the treaty_of San_Lorenzo El_Real, in 1795, stipulated for them a
precarious right of navigating the_noble river to the sea, with_a
right of deposit at_New Orleans._This_subject was for_years_the
turning-point of_the politics of the West; and it_was perfectly_well
understood that, sooner or later, she_would be content with_nothing
less_than the sovereign control of the_mighty stream from its
head-spring to its_outlet in the Gulf. _And_that_is_as true now as it
was_then._"

This is well put. It describes_with force the_desires, ambition,
and necessities of a great nation,_and_it tells with historical truth
the story_of_the success of that nation. It_was_a_great thing done
when the purchase_of the whole of Louisiana was_completed by the
United States,--that cession by France, however, having_been made
at the_instance of Napoleon, and not_in_consequence_of any demand
made by the States. The district then called_Louisiana included
