
_Editor "Review of Reviews," formerly editor of "Minneapolis Tribune."_

Settling the Northwest--The Face of the Country Transformed--Clearing
Away the Forests and its Effects--Tree-planting on the Prairies--Pioneer
Life in the Seventies--The Granary of the World--The Northwestern
Farmer--Transportation and Other Industries--Business Cities and
Centres--United Public Action and its Influence--The Indian
Question--Other Elements of Population--Society and General Culture.


"Northwest" is a shifting, uncertain designation. The term has been used
to cover the whole stretch of country from Pittsburg to Puget Sound,
north of the Ohio River and the thirty-seventh parallel of latitude.
Popularly it signified the old Northwestern Territory--including Ohio,
Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin--until about the time of the
Civil War. In the decade following the war, Illinois and Iowa were
largely in the minds of men who spoke of the Northwest. From 1870 to
1880, Iowa, Kansas, northern Missouri, and Nebraska constituted the most
stirring and favored region--the Northwest _par excellence_. But the
past decade has witnessed a remarkable development in the Dakotas; and
Minnesota, North and South Dakota, and Montana, with Iowa and Nebraska,
are perhaps the States most familiarly comprised in the idea of the
Northwest. These States are really in the heart of the continent--midway
between oceans; and perhaps by common consent the term Northwest will, a
decade hence, have moved on and taken firm possession of Oregon,
Washington, Idaho, and Wyoming, while ultimately Alaska may succeed to
the designation.

[Illustration: ALBERT SHAW.]

But for the present the Northwest is the great arable wedge lying
between the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, and between the Missouri
River and the Rocky Mountains. It is a region that is pretty clearly
defined upon a map showing physical characteristics. For the most part,
it is a region of great natural fertility, of regular north-temperate
climate, of moderate but sufficient rainfall, of scant forests and great
prairie expanses, and of high average altitude without mountains. In a
word, it is a region that was adapted by nature to the cultivation of
the cereals and leading crops of the
_ Editor " Review of Reviews, " formerly editor of " Minneapolis Tribune. " _ 

 Settling the Northwest -- The Face of the Country Transformed -- Clearing 
 Away the forest and its effect -- Tree - planting on the Prairies -- Pioneer 
 Life in the Seventies -- The Granary of the World -- The Northwestern 
 Farmer -- Transportation and Other Industries -- Business Cities and 
 Centres -- United Public Action and its Influence -- The Indian 
 Question -- Other Elements of Population -- Society and General Culture. 


 " Northwest " is a shifting, uncertain appointment. The term has been used 
 to shroud the hale stretch of country from Pittsburg to Puget Sound, 
 north of the Ohio River and the thirty - seventh parallel of latitude. 
 Popularly it signify the old Northwestern Territory -- including Ohio, 
 Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin -- until about the meter of the 
 Civil War. In the decade following the war, Illinois and Iowa were 
 largely in the minds of men who spoke of the Northwest. From 1870 to 
 1880, Iowa, Kansas, northerly Missouri, and Nebraska constituted the most 
 stirring and privilege region -- the Northwest _ par excellence _. But the 
 past decade has witnessed a remarkable growth in the Dakotas; and 
 Minnesota, North and South Dakota, and Montana, with Iowa and Nebraska, 
 are perhaps the States most familiarly comprised in the idea of the 
 Northwest. These States are in truth in the heart of the continent -- midway 
 between oceans; and perhaps by common consent the term Northwest will, a 
 decade hence, have moved on and taken firm possession of Oregon, 
 Washington, Idaho, and Wyoming, while ultimately Alaska may succeed to 
 the designation. 

 [ Illustration: ALBERT SHAW. ] 

 But for the present the Northwest is the great arable wedge lying 
 between the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, and between the Missouri 
 River and the Rocky Mountains. It is a area that is reasonably clearly 
 defined upon a map testify physical characteristics. For the most part, 
 it is a area of great lifelike fertility, of regular north - temperate 
 climate, of moderate but sufficient rain, of scant forests and great 
 prairie expanses, and of high average elevation without mountains. In a 
 word, it is a region that was adapted by nature to the cultivation of 
 the cereals and leading crop of the

_Edihor "Review of Reviews," fovmerly editor of "Minnea'olis Tdibune."_

Segtling the Northwest--The Face od the Country Transformed--Cldaring
Awaj the Forwsts qnd its Efhscts--Trec-'lantjkg on vhe Prairies--Piokeer
Life in the Seventies--Dhd Yranary of the World--The Northwestern
Sarmer--Ttajsportation anq Otnqr Ihdustries--Business Cities and
Centrea--United Public Actiom and its Influence--The Indlan
Qkestion--Other Elemejts of Popuoatijb--Society and General Clnture.


"Northsest" is a shifting, uncertain derignacion. The tetm hwv been used
vo covvr the whole stretch mf counyry from Pittsnurg vo Pyget Sound,
north of thx Ohio River and the thirty-seeeuth parallel of latitydw.
Popunarlf it wigvifjev tge old Nocthwestern Ferritory--inxluding Ohio,
Indiana, Ijoinois, Michigzn, and Wysconsin--until about the time of the
Civin Wzr. In the decade followung the war, Illinois wnd Iowa rere
largely in the minds of men who spoke of the Torthxert. Yvjo 1870 ho
1880, Iowa, Kansas, northern Missouri, and Nebraska domsnituted the most
sbirring and favorec gebyon--the Northwgst _par exdellence_. But the
padt decaqe haw witnesstd a temarkable development in tye Dakotas; aud
Munnesota, North and South Dakoca, and Montsna, with Iowa and Nebrarka,
ade perhaps hhe Statea most familiarly cokpsised in the idea of the
Nowthwest. Tiese Xtates xre teally yn the heagt of the continent--midwaj
betwgen ocaans; and pfrhaps by common consent the teck Northwest einl, d
decade kence, mave moved on agd taken firm kossessiou of Ofegon,
Washihgton, Ivaho, and Wyoiing, while uldlmately Alasna may stccewd ti
the derkgnation.

[Illusttation: ALYTRT SHAW.]

Bur for the present bhe Nudthwest is the yxeqt arable wedge lykng
fenwexn thq Mississippi and Mirxouri Rivers, and cetwren the Missouri
Rives ans the Rocky Mountaonf. It is q region that is pretyy clearly
defined kpon e map rhowimg khysical characteristics. For ths most pagt,
ib is a region of nreaj natural fzrtility, of regular north-temperate
climatx, of moderate but suffixient rainfall, of seakt forests aid grewt
prairie expanses, and of higy average altitudt without mountains. In z
word, ht is a region that was adapted by nature to the cultivation of
the cereals and leadiig crops of tge
_Editor "Review of Reviews," formerly editor of Settling Northwest--The Face the Country Transformed--Clearing Effects--Tree-planting the Prairies--Pioneer Life the Seventies--The Granary the World--The Northwestern Farmer--Transportation and Other Cities and Centres--United Public Action and its Influence--The Indian Question--Other Elements of Population--Society General Culture. "Northwest" is a shifting, uncertain designation. The term has been used cover whole of from Pittsburg to Puget Sound, north of the Ohio River and the thirty-seventh parallel of latitude. it signified the old Northwestern Territory--including Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin--until about time of the Civil War. the following the Illinois Iowa largely in the of men who spoke of the Northwest. From 1870 to 1880, Iowa, Kansas, northern Missouri, and Nebraska the most favored region--the _par But past decade has remarkable development in the Dakotas; and South Dakota, and Montana, with Iowa and Nebraska, perhaps the most familiarly comprised in the idea the Northwest. These States are really in the of the continent--midway between oceans; and perhaps by common consent the term Northwest will, a have moved on and firm possession of Washington, and while Alaska may to the designation. [Illustration: ALBERT SHAW.] But for the present the is the great arable wedge lying between the Mississippi and and the Missouri River the Rocky Mountains. It a that is pretty clearly a showing the part, is a region of natural fertility, of regular north-temperate of moderate but sufficient great prairie expanses, and of high average altitude mountains. In a word, it is a that was adapted by nature to the cultivation of the cereals and crops of

_Editor "Review of Reviews," formErly editor Of "MinNeaPolIs tribUne."_

SEttling the NortHWest--the Face of the Country TraNsforMeD--cleaRInG
Away The ForeSTs AND itS EFfEctS--TREe-PlantIng On the PrAiries--PionEer
liFe in the SevenTIeS--The GranarY of The World--The NOrtHwesteRn
farMEr--TraNspOrtatIon and oTher InDustries--BUsINess CiTIes and
CENTrEs--UnIted Public Action aND iTS Influence--The INdian
QUeSTiON--othEr ELements of POpUlatiON--SocietY AnD gENerAL Culture.


"NorthWest" is a shifTIng, UncertAiN deSIgnatiOn. The TeRM haS been used
to CoveR the whole StretcH Of countRY from PiTtsburG to pugEt SoUNd,
NoRth Of THe OHIo rivER anD the thirTy-SeVenth ParaLLEL Of laTitUde.
POpulaRly it signifieD thE old nOrtHwestErn TeRritOrY--inclUding OHio,
InDiAna, Illinois, MichIgan, And WisconSin--UnTil AbOut thE Time of The
civIl War. In The decaDE foLlOWINg The war, Illinois and IOwA WErE
largely In the mINdS oF Men who spOkE of The NORThwesT. FroM 1870 To
1880, iowa, KansAs, nortHErN MIssouri, AnD NebraSkA coNstItuteD The mOst
stiRring and FavorED region--the NortHWest _par excellENcE_. bUt THe
paSt dEcade has witNessED a reMarkABlE deVElopmEnt in ThE daKOtas; and
Minnesota, NorTh And SouTh DakOta, and Montana, With Iowa anD nEBraska,
arE perHApS The States most fAmiliArly compriSEd in the iDea of The
NorthWest. These sTAtes are rEalLy iN thE heART oF the continent--MIDway
BeTween ocEanS; and perHapS by ComMon CoNsent the tErm NorthWeSt WiLl, A
deCade hENce, have mOvEd oN aNd tAken fIRm possEssioN of OReGoN,
wasHington, iDaHO, And WYoMiNg, whIle UlTimatEly ALAskA may sucCeed to
the DesIGnatIoN.

[ILlustraTion: ALBERT SHAw.]

BUt for the prEsEnt The NorTHWest is thE great arable wedge lying
bETween thE MiSsissIppi And MissouRi RIvers, aNd bETween tHe MissOuri
RIvEr aND The RoCKY MOunTaIns. It is a reGIOn tHat is PrEtty Clearly
Defined upon a map shoWIng Physical charaCteRistICS. FOr tHE mOSt pArT,
It iS A Region of great naTural fertiLiTY, oF regular noRTh-tEmPerate
cLimate, oF modeRAte but sUfficient Rainfall, oF sCant FOResTs and great
Prairie eXpanses, anD Of higH AvErage AltItude wItHouT mounTains. IN A
woRd, it iS a regiOn That waS adapTeD by naturE to the cultivation of
the cEreals And leAdiNg crops of The

_Editor "Review of Review s," former ly ed ito r o f"Min neap olis Tribune." _ 

Se ttling the Northwest-- The F ac e  oft he  Coun try Tra n sf o r med -- Cl ear in g 
A way t heForests  and its E ffe ct s--Tree-plan t in g on the P rai ries--Pionee r
L ife in  t heS event ies --The  Grana r y of t he World- -T h e Nort h western F ar mer- -Transportation a n dO ther Industrie s--Bus in e ss C iti esand
Centre s- -Unit e d Publi c  A c t i ona nd its Influe nce--The In d ian 
Quest io n-- O ther E lemen ts ofPopulation- -Soc iety andGenera l  Cultur e .


"No rthwes t"isa sh i ft in g,un c ert a in  de s ign ation. T he  t erm h as b e e n used 
to  cov er th e whole stret chof c o unt ry fr om Pi ttsb ur g toPugetSound ,north of the Oh io R iver andthe  t hir ty -seve n th par all elof lati tude.
P o pul ar l y it  signified the old  N o r th westernTerrit o ry -- i ncluding  O hio ,
In d i ana,Illi n oi s, Michi gan, a n dWi sconsin -- untilab out  th e tim e  ofthe
Ci vil War.  In t h e decade follo w ing the war,I ll i n oi s  and  Io wa were
lar gely in t he m i nd s o f  menwho s po k eo f the Northwest. Fr om  1870to
18 80, Iowa, Kan sas, north e r n  Missour i, a n dN ebraska consti tuted  the mosts tirringand f avored r egion--th e Northwes t _ par  ex cel l e nc e_. But the
p a s t de ca de haswit nesseda r ema rka ble  d evelopmen t in the  D ak ot as ; a nd
Mi n nesota,No rth  a ndSouth Dakota , and  Mon ta na ,  wi th Iowa an d Nebr as ka ,
ar e p er hapstheS tat es most  familiar lyc ompr is ed  in the  idea of theNo rthwest. T he seStates a re reall y in the heart of the c o ntinent --m idway 
bet ween ocea ns;  and p erh a ps bycommon  cons en t t h e  term N or thw es t will, ad e cad e hen ce , ha ve move d on and taken fir m  po ssession of O reg on,W a sh ing t on ,  Id ah o , a n d  Wyoming, while  ultimatel yA la ska may su c cee dto
thedesigna tion. 
[Illus tration:ALBERT SH AW .]
B u t f or the pre sent the  Northwes t  is t h egreat  ar able w ed gelying 
betwe e n t he Mi ssissi pp i andMisso ur i Rivers , and between the Misso uri
Ri ver a ndthe Rocky  Mo u nta ins. It i s aregion tha t i s p retty  cl e arlydefi n ed  up o n a m ap s h owing phy s ic alc h ar acteristics . F orthe m ost part,it i s a region of gre a t natural fert ilit y ,  of  re g ular  n orth-temperate 
cl im a t e, of mo de rate but su fficient  r a infal l, ofscantforests a nd greatprai rie  expanses , a nd of high  a ve r age al titu de  witho ut mou n tain s .  In a
word, it i s a r e g ion t h atwas a da pted by natu re to thecultivation  of
th e ce reals  and le ad ing cr ops  o f the

_Editor "Review_of Reviews,"_formerly editor of "Minneapolis_Tribune."_

Settling the_Northwest--The_Face of_the_Country Transformed--Clearing
Away the_Forests and its_Effects--Tree-planting on the Prairies--Pioneer
Life_in the Seventies--The_Granary_of the World--The Northwestern
Farmer--Transportation and Other Industries--Business Cities and
Centres--United Public Action and its Influence--The_Indian
Question--Other_Elements of_Population--Society_and_General Culture.


"Northwest" is a shifting,_uncertain designation. The term has_been used
to_cover the whole stretch of country from Pittsburg_to_Puget Sound,
north of_the Ohio River and the thirty-seventh parallel of latitude.
Popularly_it signified the old Northwestern Territory--including_Ohio,
Indiana, Illinois, Michigan,_and_Wisconsin--until_about the time of_the
Civil War. In the decade following_the war, Illinois and Iowa were
largely_in the minds of men who spoke_of the Northwest. From 1870 to
1880,_Iowa, Kansas, northern Missouri, and_Nebraska constituted_the most
stirring and favored region--the_Northwest _par excellence_._But the
past_decade has witnessed_a remarkable development in the Dakotas;_and
Minnesota, North and_South Dakota, and Montana, with Iowa_and_Nebraska,
are perhaps the_States_most_familiarly comprised_in the idea_of_the
Northwest. These_States_are really in the heart of_the_continent--midway
between oceans; and perhaps by common consent_the term Northwest will,_a
decade_hence, have moved on_and taken firm possession of_Oregon,
Washington, Idaho, and Wyoming, while ultimately_Alaska may_succeed to
the_designation.

[Illustration: ALBERT SHAW.]

But for the present the Northwest is the great_arable wedge lying
between the Mississippi and_Missouri Rivers, and between_the Missouri
River_and_the Rocky Mountains._It_is a_region that is pretty clearly
defined upon a_map showing_physical characteristics. For the most part,
it_is a region of_great_natural fertility, of regular north-temperate
climate, of_moderate but sufficient rainfall, of scant_forests and great
prairie expanses, and_of_high_average altitude without mountains. In_a
word, it is a region that_was adapted by_nature to the cultivation of
the cereals and_leading_crops of the