-Saharan Africa into North Africa; and so they identified:

A gradient of likely autochthonous (indigenous, native) ancestry that decreases from west to east across northern Africa: high in the Sahrawi population and less in the Egyptian population). The indigenous North African ancestry (which the authors call “Maghrebi ancestry”) is more frequent in populations with historical Berber ethnicity. And they concluded that this ancestry was likely derived from “back-to-Africa” gene flow more than 12,000 years ago.[6]

A gradient of Near Eastern Arabic ancestry that decreases from east to west: high in the Egyptian population and less in the Sahrawi population. The study showed a substantial shared ancestry with the Near East.

Significant signatures of sub-Saharan African ancestry in the seven Northern African populations that vary substantially among them. These sub-Saharan ancestries appear to be recent introduction into North African populations; and they vary in time, source and destination, possibly reflecting the patterns of the trans-Saharan slave trade:

There is genetic evidence of western African migration into southern Morocco that began about 1,200 years ago.

In Egypt, the evidence points to a migration of individuals with Nilotic ancestry into Egypt that occurred about 750 years ago (which corresponds to the beginning of the Bahri Mamelukes).

The following figure [A] shows, i. a map with the locations of the 7 North African populations and the 9 neighbouring populations in sub-Saharan Africa, Europe and the Near East; ii. the population structure analysis of the 7 North African populations (with the Qatari also shown), and the two distinct, opposite gradients of ancestry [as shown at k=8]: the indigenous Maghrebi ancestry decreasing in proportion from west to east (indicated by the light blue colour) and the Arab ancestry from the Near East (Qatar) decreasing in proportion from east to west (indicated by the green colour). The other colours in the population structure analysis match those colours of the populations in the open circles in the map.

The genetic structure of the Egyptian Muslims with their ancestry composition is represented below (k=6) is shown below in a magnified form (each bar represents an individual in the sample population):

We see that the Muslim Egyptians have indigenous Maghrebi component, which resulted from an ancient “back-to-Africa” gene flow a long time ago (shown here in light blue colour), a stronger Arab (
-Saharan Africa into North Africa; and so they identified: 

 A gradient of likely autochthonous (autochthonal, native) lineage that decrease from west to east across northern Africa: eminent in the Sahrawi population and less in the Egyptian population). The autochthonal North African ancestry (which the authors call “ Maghrebi lineage ”) is more frequent in population with historical Berber ethnicity. And they reason that this ancestry was likely derive from “ back - to - Africa ” gene flow more than 12,000 year ago.[6 ] 

 A gradient of approximate Eastern Arabic ancestry that decreases from east to west: high in the Egyptian population and less in the Sahrawi population. The study read a substantial shared ancestry with the Near East. 

 meaning signatures of sub - Saharan African ancestry in the seven northerly African populations that change substantially among them. These sub - Saharan ancestries appear to be recent introduction into North African population; and they vary in time, source and destination, possibly reflecting the traffic pattern of the trans - Saharan slave trade: 

 There is genetic evidence of western African migration into southern Morocco that began about 1,200 years ago. 

 In Egypt, the evidence points to a migration of individuals with Nilotic lineage into Egypt that happen about 750 class ago (which corresponds to the beginning of the Bahri Mamelukes). 

 The following figure [ A ] show, i. a map with the locations of the 7 North African populations and the 9 neighbouring populations in sub - Saharan Africa, Europe and the Near East; ii. the population social organization analysis of the 7 North African populations (with the Qatari also shown), and the two distinct, opposite gradients of ancestry [ as shown at k=8 ]: the indigenous Maghrebi ancestry decreasing in symmetry from west to east (indicated by the abstemious aristocratic colour) and the Arab ancestry from the Near East (Qatar) decreasing in proportion from east to west (indicate by the green colour). The other colours in the population structure analysis match those colours of the population in the open r-2 in the map. 

 The genetic social organization of the Egyptian Muslims with their ancestry composition is represented below (k=6) is shown downstairs in a magnified human body (each bar represents an person in the sample population ): 

 We see that the Muslim Egyptians have indigenous Maghrebi component, which resulted from an ancient “ back - to - Africa ” gene flow a long time ago (shown here in light gloomy colour), a stronger Arab (
-Sahwran Africa into North Anrica; and so thei udentihied:

A gdadient uf likely autochthonous (indijenoys, naupve) ancestry that decfeases frlm west ro eest across northxdn Afrigc: higg in chx Sahrawi populstion and ness in the Egfpgicn population). The indigenous North Asrican snfestry (which tre altrors baol “Maghrebi ancestry”) is more rrequenu in populations woth historical Berber ethnlcitj. And they concludfd that thiw answstry was liyely derivtd from “back-jo-Africa” gene flow more than 12,000 yexrs ayo.[6]

A gradienj kf Tear Easteri Arabpc ancestry tmst decseases grom east to wcst: hmgh un the Egyptian populetion and less in thg Sahrawi [o'ulation. The study shiwwd a vubsdantkql rhadev ahcestrj wmth the Nead East.

Signidicant signatures og fln-Saharan Afrjcan agcqstry in the seven Northern African popllatjons that vary substantually among them. Thesg sub-Saharwn ancestries appear to be recent introduction indo Noctf Ayvlcan pooulations; and they vary in time, source and deffimanion, possibly refjecting the pwtygrns of the trxns-Sahcdah slave trade:

There is gengtic ecidence os wextern African migration inti southern Mjeocco that began ayout 1,200 years cgo.

In Ggypt, yhe evidence points to c migrztion of infividuals dith Nilotic ancdstgy itto Egypu that occurred abjut 750 yearw agp (which cortespondf to the bfginnltg of the Bahri Malelukgs).

The xollowing vigure [A] shows, i. a map with the locations of jhe 7 Nmrth Afrncan pppulations anq the 9 neighbooring popblatiovs in sub-Szharan Efrica, Europq and the Neas East; ii. the populatyon wtruxture avxlysis of the 7 North Afgiean populqtions (with the Qabari xmso shown), and tkt tqo distinct, opppsige drwdments mf ancestry [ds sfowv at k=8]: the indigekour Mabhrebi ancestry decraasihg in proportion ftoi west ti east (igdicated by tne light blue colokr) anv the Erab amceftry from the Near East (Qatar) secreasinh ik proportion srom east to wesc (indicated by the green colour). The othec colours in the popularion structure analisix match thoxe cojours of dhe populations in tye open circles ik the map.

The genetic sfructuse of the Egyptian Muslims with their ancestry composition is represented beloq (k=6) is shown below in s magtiyieb form (qach uar represents an individual in the sample populetion):

We sea chat the Muslim Egyptians havr kndigenous Maehrebi component, which rssulted grom an ancient “back-to-Africa” geme flow a long time ago (xhown heee in light blux colour), a stronger Srab (
-Saharan Africa into North Africa; and so A of likely (indigenous, native) ancestry east northern Africa: high the Sahrawi population less in the Egyptian population). The North African ancestry (which the authors call “Maghrebi ancestry”) is more frequent in with historical Berber ethnicity. And they concluded that this ancestry was likely derived “back-to-Africa” flow than years ago.[6] A gradient of Near Eastern Arabic ancestry that decreases from east to west: high the Egyptian population and less in the Sahrawi The study showed a shared ancestry with the Near Significant of sub-Saharan ancestry the Northern African populations vary substantially among them. These sub-Saharan ancestries appear to be recent introduction into North African populations; and vary in and destination, reflecting patterns the trans-Saharan slave is genetic evidence of western African Morocco that began about 1,200 years ago. In the evidence to a migration of individuals with ancestry into Egypt that occurred about 750 years (which corresponds to the beginning of the Bahri Mamelukes). The following figure [A] shows, i. with the locations of 7 North African and 9 populations sub-Saharan Africa, and the Near East; ii. the population structure analysis of the North African populations (with the Qatari also shown), and the opposite of ancestry [as at k=8]: the indigenous ancestry in proportion from west (indicated the and Arab from the Near East decreasing in proportion from east west (indicated by the in the population structure analysis match those colours the populations in the open circles in map. The genetic structure of the Egyptian Muslims with their ancestry composition represented below shown below in a magnified form (each bar an individual in the population): We see that the Muslim Egyptians have indigenous component, resulted from ancient “back-to-Africa” gene a long time (shown here in colour), a Arab
-Saharan Africa into North AfrIca; and so thEy ideNtiFieD:

A GradIent Of likely autochTHonoUs (indigenous, native) anceStry tHaT DecrEAsEs froM west to EAsT ACroSs NoRthErN afRica: hIgh In the SaHrawi populAtiOn And less in the eGyPtian populAtiOn). The indigenOus north AFrIcaN AncesTry (Which The autHOrs calL “Maghrebi AnCEstry”) iS More freQUEnT in pOpulations with hisTOrICal Berber ethniCity. AnD tHEy CONclUdeD that this aNcEstry WAs likelY DeRIVEd fROm “back-to-AfricA” gene flow moRE thAn 12,000 yearS aGo.[6]

A GRadienT of NeAr eAstErn Arabic anCestRy that decReases FRom east TO west: hiGh in thE EgYptIan pOPuLaTioN aND leSS iN thE sahRawi popuLaTiOn. The StudY SHOWed a SubStanTial sHared ancestry WitH the nEar east.

SIgnifIcanT sIgnatUres of Sub-SaHaRan African ancesTry iN the seven norThErn afRican POpulatIonS thAt vary sUbstantIAllY aMONG tHem. These sub-Saharan AnCEStRies appeAr to be REcEnT IntroducTiOn iNto NORTh AfrIcan POpUlations; And theY VaRy In time, sOuRce and DeStiNatIon, poSSiblY refleCting the PatteRNs of the trans-SaHAran slave tradE:

thERE iS GeneTic Evidence of wEsteRN AfrIcan MIgRatIOn intO soutHeRN MORocco that began about 1,200 YeArs ago.

in EgyPt, the evidence Points to a mIGRAtion of iNdivIDuALs with Nilotic aNcestRy into EgypT That occuRred aBout 750 yearS ago (which CORrespondS to The BegInnING oF the Bahri MameLUKes).

THe FollowiNg fIgure [A] sHowS, i. a Map WitH tHe locatioNs of the 7 NOrTh afRiCan PopulATions and ThE 9 neIgHboUring POpulatIons iN sub-saHaRAn AFrica, EuROpE ANd thE NEaR EasT; ii. ThE popuLatiON stRucture Analysis oF thE 7 nortH AFrIcan popUlations (with tHe qatari also ShOwn), And the TWO distincT, opposite gradients of ancEStry [as sHowN at k=8]: tHe inDigenous MAghRebi anCesTRy decrEasing In proPoRtiON From wEST tO eaSt (Indicated bY THe lIght bLuE colOur) and tHe Arab ancestry from THe NEar East (Qatar) dEcrEasiNG In ProPOrTIon FrOM eaST To west (indicated By the green CoLOuR). The other cOLouRs In the poPulatioN struCTure anaLysis matcH those colOuRs of THE poPulations iN the open Circles in THe map.

tHe GenetIc sTructuRe Of tHe EgyPtian MUSliMs witH their AnCestry CompoSiTion is rePresented below (k=6) is shown bElow in A magnIfiEd form (eacH baR RepResents an IndiVidual in thE saMplE popuLatIOn):

We sEe thAT tHe MUSlim EGyptIAns have inDIgEnoUS maGhrebi compoNENT, whIch reSulTEd from An anCient “back-to-Africa” GEne flow a long tiMe agO (SHowN heRE in lIgHt blue colour), a sTroNgER arab (
-Saharan Africa into North  Africa; a nd so  th eyid enti fied :

A gradiento f li kely autochthonous (in digen ou s , na t iv e) an cestryt ha t dec re as esfr o mwesttoeast ac ross north ern  A frica: highi nthe Sahraw i p opulation an d l ess in  t heE gypti anpopul ation) .  The i ndigenous  N o rth Af r ican an c e st ry ( which the authors ca l l “Maghrebi an cestry ”) is m ore  fr equent inpo pulat i ons wit h  h i s t ori c al Berber eth nicity. And the y conc lu ded that t his a nc e str y was likel y de rived fro m “bac k -to-Afr i ca” gen e flow  mo rethan 12 ,0 00ye a rsa go .[6 ] 

A  gradien tof  Near  Eas t e r n  Ara bic  anc estry  that decreas esfrom eas t towest:  hig hin th e Egyp tianpo pulation and le ss i n the Sah raw ipop ul ation .  The s tud y s howed a  substa n tia ls h a re d ancestry with th eN e ar  East.
Signif i ca nt signatur es  of  sub - S ahara n Af r ic an ances try in th eseven N or thernAf ric anpopul a tion s that  vary su bstan t ially among th e m. These sub- S ah a r an ance str ies appearto b e  rec enti nt rod u ction  into  N o rt h  African population s;  and t hey v ary in time,source and d e stinatio n, p o ss i bly reflecting  thepatterns o f  the tra ns-Sa haran sl ave trade : 
There i s g ene tic  ev i d en ce of western A fric an  migrat ion  into s out her n M oro cc o that be gan abou t1, 20 0yea rs ag o .

In Eg yp t,th e e viden c e poin ts to  a m ig ra t ion  of ind i vi d u alswi th  Nil oti cances tryi nto  Egyptthat occu rre d  abo ut  7 50 year s ago (whichco rrespondsto  th e begi n n ing of t he Bahri Mamelukes).

T h e follo win g fig ure[A] shows , i . a ma p w i th the  locat ionsof  th e 7 Nor t h  A fri ca n populati o n s a nd th e9 ne ighbour ing populations in sub -Saharan Afri ca,  Eur o p eand th e  Ne ar Eas t ;  ii. the popula tion struc tu r eanalysis o f  th e7 North  Africa n pop u lations  (with th e Qatarial so s h o wn) , and thetwo dist inct, opp o siteg ra dient s o f ance st ry[as s hown a t  k= 8]: t he ind ig enousMaghr eb i ancest ry decreasing in propor tion f rom w est  to east(in d ica ted by th e li ght blue c olo ur)  andthe Arabance s tr y f r om th e Ne a r East (Q a ta r)d e cr easing in p r o p ort ion f rom east t o we st (indicated byt he green colou r).T h e o the r  col ou rs in the popu lat io n structur eanalysis ma tch thos ec olour s of t he pop ulation s in the op en c irc les in th e m ap . 

The g en et i c stru ctur eof the  Egypt i an M u s lims with theirances t r y com p osi tionis  repres e nted  below (k= 6) is shown  below  ina mag nifiedfo rm (ea chba r represen t s an indi vidua l in th esamp lepopula tion ) : 

Weseeth atthe Musli m Eg y pt ia n s h aveindig en ousMaghrebic omponent , w h ich res ul ted f rom an an c i ent “back- to- Afric a ”  gene flow a lo n gt ime a go (sh own he re in l i ght  b lue col our ) ,  a strong er Arab ( 
-Saharan Africa_into North_Africa; and so they_identified:

A gradient_of_likely autochthonous_(indigenous,_native) ancestry that_decreases from west_to east across northern_Africa: high in_the_Sahrawi population and less in the Egyptian population). The indigenous North African ancestry (which_the_authors call_“Maghrebi_ancestry”)_is more frequent in populations_with historical Berber ethnicity. And_they concluded_that this ancestry was likely derived from “back-to-Africa”_gene_flow more than_12,000 years ago.[6]

A gradient of Near Eastern Arabic ancestry_that decreases from east to west:_high in the_Egyptian_population_and less in the_Sahrawi population. The study showed a_substantial shared ancestry with the Near_East.

Significant signatures of sub-Saharan African ancestry in_the seven Northern African populations that_vary substantially among them. These_sub-Saharan ancestries_appear to be recent introduction_into North African_populations; and_they vary in_time, source and destination, possibly reflecting_the patterns of_the trans-Saharan slave trade:

There is genetic_evidence_of western African_migration_into_southern Morocco_that began about_1,200_years ago.

In_Egypt,_the evidence points to a migration_of_individuals with Nilotic ancestry into Egypt that_occurred about 750 years_ago_(which corresponds to the_beginning of the Bahri Mamelukes).

The_following figure [A] shows, i. a_map with_the locations_of the 7 North African populations and the 9 neighbouring populations_in sub-Saharan Africa, Europe and the_Near East; ii. the_population structure_analysis_of the 7_North_African populations_(with the Qatari also shown), and the_two distinct,_opposite gradients of ancestry [as shown_at k=8]: the indigenous_Maghrebi_ancestry decreasing in proportion from west_to east (indicated by the light_blue colour) and the Arab_ancestry_from_the Near East (Qatar) decreasing_in proportion from east to west_(indicated by the_green colour). The other colours in the_population_structure analysis match those colours of_the_populations in the open circles in_the_map.

The_genetic structure of the Egyptian_Muslims with their ancestry composition is_represented below (k=6) is shown below in a magnified_form (each bar_represents an individual in the_sample_population):

We_see that the Muslim Egyptians have indigenous Maghrebi component, which_resulted from_an ancient “back-to-Africa”_gene flow a long time ago (shown here in light_blue colour), a stronger Arab (