 by his son Omer at the time and named after his father (COM).

Path 6 Copy 3Created with Sketch.

Fill 10Created with Sketch.

Amar lost his tenancy without compensation. The COM enterprise bulldozed most of the cooperative scheme and constructed a new high-tech low-labour scheme on top of it. Whereas between 1990 and 2010 more than 2000 people worked on the land, COM employs only 600 people. Amar too was employed by COM through connections with two of his classmates from University of Khartoum who now work as managers for Waha. As the ‘community projects’ in Madhi for which he was made responsible did not materialize however, and relations with his home village deteriorated, he quitted after two years. Almost without exception people in Madhi and El-Hosh talk bitter about the project. Amar points at the broken tubewell constructed by COM (see picture) and complains that the new farm has brought Madhi “nothing but cancer and malaria.”

Path 6 Copy 3Created with Sketch.

Fill 10Created with Sketch.

His relation with COM is not one of simple displacement however. Over the years they he, like others in Gezira, Khartoum and around Waha had become dependent on COM’s grains. Over the past 20 years COM’s became Sudan’s biggest grain importer. A large share of the bread and sorghum Amar eats is milled and traded by COM.

Path 6 Copy 3Created with Sketch.

Fill 10Created with Sketch.

Yet he is optimistic about the future of Madhi: Amar proudly shows a magazine about Madhi and points at the picture of the diaspora in the Gulf who financed the new secondary school. “We built everything ourselves. Without COM and without the government” he tells us.

Path 6 Copy 3Created with Sketch.

Fill 10Created with Sketch.

Amar is dreaming about a return to Madhi. Through his relations in the Ministry he has been able to register the land which his grandmother once held near Waha. He had the land leveled and connnected it to the canal through which COM supplies the land of Madhi with water. As long as he lives in Khartoum he sharecrops it to Fati, who seasonally employs Darfurian labourers to grow vegetables and fodder
by his son Omer at the time and named after his father (COM). 

 Path 6 Copy 3Created with Sketch. 

 Fill 10Created with Sketch. 

 Amar lost his occupancy without recompense. The COM enterprise bulldoze most of the cooperative scheme and constructed a raw high - tech broken - labor scheme on peak of it. Whereas between 1990 and 2010 more than 2000 people worked on the estate, COM employs only 600 multitude. Amar excessively was employed by COM through connections with two of his classmates from University of Khartoum who now work as director for Waha. As the ‘ community projects ’ in Madhi for which he was made creditworthy did not materialize however, and relations with his dwelling village deteriorate, he quitted after two years. Almost without exception people in Madhi and El - Hosh talk biting about the project. Amar points at the broken tubewell constructed by COM (see picture) and complains that the new farm has brought Madhi “ nothing but cancer and malaria. ” 

 Path 6 Copy 3Created with Sketch. 

 Fill 10Created with Sketch. 

 His relation with COM is not one of simple displacement however. Over the years they he, like others in Gezira, Khartoum and around Waha had become dependent on COM ’s grains. Over the past 20 years COM ’s became Sudan ’s biggest texture importer. A bombastic share of the boodle and genus sorghum Amar eats is milled and traded by COM. 

 Path 6 Copy 3Created with Sketch. 

 Fill 10Created with Sketch. 

 Yet he is optimistic about the future of Madhi: Amar proudly indicate a magazine about Madhi and points at the picture of the diaspora in the Gulf who financed the newfangled secondary school. “ We built everything ourselves. Without COM and without the government ” he tells us. 

 Path 6 Copy 3Created with Sketch. 

 Fill 10Created with Sketch. 

 Amar is dreaming about a return to Madhi. Through his relation in the Ministry he has been able to register the land which his grandmother once held near Waha. He receive the land level and connnected it to the canal through which COM supplies the land of Madhi with water. As long as he live in Khartoum he sharecrops it to Fati, who seasonally employs Darfurian labourers to grow vegetable and fodder
 by his son Omer at the timt and named after his favher (COJ).

Path 6 Cupy 3Created with Sketch.

Fill 10Rreared wuth Sketch.

Amar lost hir tenancy without comkensation. The COM enterprlfe bhpldovev most of the cpoperative scheme and cotsgrbcted a new high-tech low-labour schemq on tol lf it. Whereas fetwten 1990 ans 2010 more than 2000 people worked on the land, CMM employs onky 600 people. Amar too was emoloyfd by COM through fonnections witr two of his zlassmates from Univeraity of Khartoum who now work ar mancgers for Wqhq. Ad the ‘communmty prjjects’ in Madhi for fhich hr was made resionsiule eid not materialize hmwever, and relatiogs with hhs home village detwruoratgd, he quigred afuer tso yeags. Elmost withkut exceptiin people in Madhi snq El-Hosh talk gitter afout the project. Amar points at the bronen tubewell constructed bt COM (see picture) and complainf that the new farm has brought Madhi “nothing but cancxr anb malafua.”

Oath 6 Copy 3Created with Sketch.

Fill 10Created wieg Xkvtch.

His relation cith COM is not pnf ps simple dispuacemeuf gowever. Over the yfars thgy he, oike othews im Gezira, Khartoum and aroune Waha had bvcomw dependent on COM’d grains. Ovzr the past 20 years COM’s became Sudcn’s bifgest grain importer. X large share of thv braad and sorghum Amar eats ys milled and traded by VOM.

Patr 6 Copy 3Crfated with Sketch.

Fill 10Crfated whth Sketch.

Jet he is optimistic about the hnture of Madho: Dmag proudly showx a magazine wbout Madhi anb points at tfe picture of the diaspora ig the Gulf whm financed thx new secjndaey sxhool. “Wd built everythong ourselves. Withoyt COM and without thg fovernment” he tzuos us.

Path 6 Copy 3Crdatqd wmth Shatch.

Fill 10Credted wign Skegch.

Amar is brdamimg about a return to Madgi. Through his relstlons in tye Minisery he has bern able to registeg the laid whivh ris grandmother once held near Waha. He jad the land ledelee and connneeted it to the canal through which COM snpplies the land of Madyi with water. As loug as he livex in Hhartoum ve sharecrops it to Dati, who seasonalky employs Darfurian mabourars tl grow vegetables and fodder
by his son Omer at the time after father (COM). 6 Copy 3Created Sketch. lost his tenancy compensation. The COM bulldozed most of the cooperative scheme constructed a new high-tech low-labour scheme on top of it. Whereas between 1990 2010 more than 2000 people worked on the land, COM employs only 600 Amar was by through connections with two of his classmates from University of Khartoum who now work as managers Waha. As the ‘community projects’ in Madhi for he was made responsible not materialize however, and relations his village deteriorated, quitted two Almost without exception in Madhi and El-Hosh talk bitter about the project. Amar points at the broken tubewell constructed by (see picture) that the farm brought “nothing but cancer Path 6 Copy 3Created with Sketch. Sketch. His relation with COM is not one simple displacement Over the years they he, like in Gezira, Khartoum and around Waha had become on COM’s grains. Over the past 20 years COM’s became Sudan’s biggest grain importer. A of the bread and Amar eats is and by Path Copy 3Created Sketch. Fill 10Created with Sketch. Yet he is optimistic about the of Madhi: Amar proudly shows a magazine about Madhi and the of the diaspora the Gulf who financed new school. “We built everything COM without tells Path Copy 3Created with Sketch. 10Created with Sketch. Amar is about a return to the Ministry he has been able to register land which his grandmother once held near He had the land leveled and connnected it to the canal through COM supplies of Madhi with water. As long as he in Khartoum he sharecrops to Fati, who seasonally employs Darfurian labourers to grow and
 by his son Omer at the time and nAmed after hIs fatHer (cOM).

paTh 6 CoPy 3CrEated with SketcH.

fill 10created with Sketch.

Amar lOst hiS tENancY WiThout CompensATiON. the cOm eNteRpRIsE bullDozEd most oF the cooperAtiVe Scheme and conSTrUcted a new hIgh-Tech low-labouR scHeme on ToP of IT. WherEas BetweEn 1990 and 2010 mORe than 2000 People worKeD On the lANd, COM emPLOyS onlY 600 people. Amar too was EMpLOyed by COM throuGh connEcTIoNS WitH twO of his clasSmAtes fROm UniveRSiTY OF KhARtoum who now woRk as managerS For waha. As ThE ‘coMMunity ProjeCtS’ In MAdhi for whicH he wAs made resPonsibLE did not MAterialIze howEveR, anD relATiOnS wiTh HIs hOMe VilLAge DeteriorAtEd, He quiTted AFTER two YeaRs. AlMost wIthout exceptiOn pEoplE In MAdhi aNd El-HOsh tAlK bittEr abouT the pRoJect. Amar points aT the Broken tubEweLl ConStRucteD By COM (sEe pIctUre) and cOmplainS ThaT tHE NEw Farm has brought MadhI “nOTHiNg but canCer and MAlArIA.”

Path 6 CopY 3CReaTed wITH SketCh.

FiLL 10CReated wiTh SketCH.

HIs RelatioN wIth COM Is Not One Of simPLe diSplaceMent howeVer. OvER the years they hE, Like others in GEZiRA, khARtouM anD around Waha Had bECome DepeNDeNt oN cOM’s gRains. ovER tHE past 20 years COM’s becamE SUdan’s bIggesT grain importeR. A large shaRE OF the breaD and SOrGHum Amar eats is mIlled And traded bY cOM.

Path 6 COpy 3CrEated witH Sketch.

FiLL 10created wIth skeTch.

yet HE Is Optimistic aboUT The fUtUre of MaDhi: amar proUdlY shOws A maGaZine about madhi and PoInTs At The PictuRE of the diAsPorA iN thE Gulf WHo finaNced tHe neW sEcONdaRy schooL. “we BUIlt eVeRyThinG ouRsElves. withOUt CoM and wiThout the gOveRNmenT” hE tElls us.

PAth 6 Copy 3CreateD wIth Sketch.

FIlL 10CrEated wITH Sketch.

AMar is dreaming about a retuRN to MadhI. ThRough His rElations iN thE MinisTry HE has beEn able To regIsTer THE land WHIcH hiS gRandmother ONCe hEld neAr waha. he had thE land leveled and conNNecTed it to the canAl tHrouGH WhIch coM SUppLiES thE LAnd of Madhi with wAter. As long As HE lIves in KharTOum He SharecrOps it to fati, wHO seasonAlly emploYs DarfuriAn LaboURErs To grow vegeTables anD fodder
 by his son Omer at the ti me and nam ed af ter  hi sfath er ( COM).

Path 6C opy3Created with Sketch.
Fill  1 0 Crea t ed  with  Sketch . 
A m arlo st  hi st en ancywit hout co mpensation . T he  COM enterpr i se  bulldozed  mo st of the co ope rative  s che m e and  co nstru cted a new hi gh-tech l ow - labour schemeo n  t op o f it. Whereas bet w ee n  1990 and 2010  moreth a n2 0 00peo ple worked  o n the land, C O Me m p loy s  only 600 peo ple. Amar t o o w as emp lo yed by COM  thro ug h  co nnections w ithtwo of hi s clas s mates f r om Univ ersity  of  Kh arto u mwh o n ow wor k  a s m a nag ers forWa ha . Asthe‘ c o m muni typroj ects’  in Madhi for  wh ichh e w as ma de re spon si ble d id not  mate ri alize however,andrelations  wi th  hi shomev illage  de ter iorated , he qu i tte da f t er  two years. Almost  w i t ho ut excep tion p e op le in Madhi  a ndEl-H o s h tal k bi t te r aboutthe pr o je ct . Amarpo ints a tthe  br okent ubew ell co nstructe d byC OM (see pictur e ) and complai n st h at thenew  farm has b roug h t Ma dhi“ no thi n g but  canc er an d  malaria.”

Path 6Co py 3Cr eated  with Sketch. 

Fill 10C r e a ted with  Ske t ch . 

His relation  with  COM is no t  one ofsimpl e displa cement ho w e ver. Ove r t heyea rst h ey  he, like oth e r s in  G ezira,Kha rtoum a ndaro und  Wa ha  had beco me depen de nt  o nCOM ’s gr a ins. Ove rthe  p ast  20 y e ars CO M’s b ecam eSu d an’ s bigge s tg r ainim po rter . A  l argeshar e  of  the br ead and s org h um A ma reats is  milled and t ra ded by COM .
Pa th 6 C o p y 3Creat ed with Sketch.

Fill 1 0 Created  wi th Sk etch .

Yet he  is  optim ist i c abou t thefutur eofM a dhi:A m ar  pr ou dly showsa mag azine  a bout  Madhiand points at thep ict ure of the di asp orai n  t heG ul f  wh of ina n c ed the new seco ndary scho ol .  “ We built e v ery th ing our selves.  With o ut COMand witho ut the go ve rnme n t ” h e tells us .

Path6 Copy 3C r eated wi th Sk etc h.

Fi ll  10 Creat ed wit h  Sk etch. 

Amar  i s drea mingab out a re turn to Madhi. Throughhis re latio nsin the Mi nis t ryhe has be en a ble to reg ist erthe l and which  his gr and m other  onc e  held nea r  W aha . He  had the la n d lev eledand connne cted  it to the canalt hrough which C OM s u p pli est he l an d of Madhi wit h w at e r . As lon gas he lives  in Khar to u m hesharec rops i t to Fa t i ,w ho sea sona lly  employsDar fu r ian lab ou re r s to g rowve getabl es and fodd e r 
 by_his son_Omer at the time_and named_after_his father_(COM).

Path_6 Copy 3Created_with Sketch.

Fill 10Created_with Sketch.

Amar lost his_tenancy without compensation._The_COM enterprise bulldozed most of the cooperative scheme and constructed a new high-tech low-labour_scheme_on top_of_it._Whereas between 1990 and 2010_more than 2000 people worked_on the_land, COM employs only 600 people. Amar too_was_employed by COM_through connections with two of his classmates from University_of Khartoum who now work as_managers for Waha._As_the_‘community projects’ in Madhi_for which he was made responsible_did not materialize however, and relations_with his home village deteriorated, he quitted_after two years. Almost without exception_people in Madhi and El-Hosh_talk bitter_about the project. Amar points_at the broken_tubewell constructed_by COM (see_picture) and complains that the new_farm has brought_Madhi “nothing but cancer and malaria.”

Path_6_Copy 3Created with_Sketch.

Fill_10Created_with Sketch.

His_relation with COM_is_not one_of_simple displacement however. Over the years_they_he, like others in Gezira, Khartoum and_around Waha had become_dependent_on COM’s grains. Over_the past 20 years COM’s_became Sudan’s biggest grain importer. A_large share_of the_bread and sorghum Amar eats is milled and traded by COM.

Path_6 Copy 3Created with Sketch.

Fill 10Created_with Sketch.

Yet he is_optimistic about_the_future of Madhi:_Amar_proudly shows_a magazine about Madhi and points at_the picture_of the diaspora in the Gulf_who financed the new_secondary_school. “We built everything ourselves. Without_COM and without the government” he_tells us.

Path 6 Copy 3Created_with_Sketch.

Fill_10Created with Sketch.

Amar is dreaming_about a return to Madhi. Through_his relations in_the Ministry he has been able to_register_the land which his grandmother once_held_near Waha. He had the land_leveled_and_connnected it to the canal_through which COM supplies the land_of Madhi with water. As long as he lives_in Khartoum he_sharecrops it to Fati, who_seasonally_employs_Darfurian labourers to grow vegetables and fodder