heries (CCRF) provisions relevant to aquaculture and culture-based fisheries with the new reporting system_ online]. Committee on Fisheries Sub-Committee on Aquaculture, Eighth Session, Brasilia, Brazil, 5-9 October 2015. [Cited 30 November 2015]. [www.fao.org/cofi/30793-0b91d8dbc1e08ee4a54a0c099d253adfe.pdf

**66** FAO & World Bank. 2015. _Aquaculture zoning, site selection and area management under the ecosystem approach to aquaculture_ online]. Policy brief. Rome. [Cited 30 November 2015]. [www.fao.org/3/a-i5004e.pdf

AQUATIC INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES IN EUROPE AND PROPOSED MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS

Invasive species - drivers of ecological change

Globally, invasive alien species (IAS) of plants and animals are considered a major threat to native biodiversity, with the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) citing their impacts as "immense, insidious, and usually irreversible".1 Whether introduced accidentally or deliberately into a natural environment, IAS threaten the ecological stability of invaded habitats and native species therein, as these are highly sensitive to various interactions with these non-native species (e.g. predation, competition and herbivory). Impacts include serious biodiversity loss (sometimes even the extinction of native species), transmission of disease to humans, and economic damage, for example, crop losses and infrastructure damage. It is estimated that 11 percent of the about 12 000 alien species in Europe are invasive, causing significant environmental, economic (estimated at US$13 billion annually for the European Union [EU])2 and social damage. Considering recent trends, it is reasonable to expect that the rate of biological invasions into Europe will increase in the coming years. A multiplicity of pathways (e.g. increased international trade and travel) and vectors (e.g. crop seed, angling equipment) currently exist to facilitate and indeed hasten the introduction and spread of potential IAS throughout the globe. Climate change may exacerbate the problem. Although not all non-native species introductions result in harmful or damaging outcomes, current evidence indicates that the increasing scale of IAS introductions necessitates serious scrutiny and, moreover, a coordinated international response.
heries (CCRF) provisions relevant to aquaculture and culture - based fisheries with the newfangled coverage system _ online ]. Committee on Fisheries Sub - Committee on Aquaculture, Eighth Session, Brasilia, Brazil, 5 - 9 October 2015. [ Cited 30 November 2015 ]. [ www.fao.org/cofi/30793-0b91d8dbc1e08ee4a54a0c099d253adfe.pdf 

 * * 66 * * FAO & World Bank. 2015. _ Aquaculture zoning, site survival and sphere management under the ecosystem approach to aquaculture _ online ]. Policy brief. Rome. [ Cited 30 November 2015 ]. [ www.fao.org/3/a-i5004e.pdf 

 AQUATIC INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES IN EUROPE AND PROPOSED MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS 

 Invasive species - driver of ecological change 

 Globally, invasive alien species (IAS) of plant and animals are considered a major terror to native biodiversity, with the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) citing their impacts as " huge, insidious, and usually irreversible".1 Whether introduced accidentally or deliberately into a natural environment, IAS threaten the ecological stability of invade habitats and native species therein, as these are highly sensitive to various interaction with these non - native species (e.g. predation, competition and herbivory). impact include serious biodiversity loss (sometimes even the extinction of native species), transmission of disease to world, and economic damage, for example, crop losses and infrastructure damage. It is estimated that 11 percent of the about 12 000 alien species in Europe are invasive, causing significant environmental, economic (estimated at US$ 13 billion annually for the European Union [ EU])2 and social damage. Considering recent tendency, it is reasonable to expect that the pace of biological invasion into Europe will increase in the hail years. A multiplicity of nerve pathway (e.g. increased international trade and change of location) and vectors (e.g. crop seed, angling equipment) currently exist to help and indeed hasten the introduction and spread of potential IAS throughout the globe. Climate change may exacerbate the trouble. Although not all non - native coinage initiation result in harmful or damaging outcomes, current evidence indicates that the increase scale of IAS introductions necessitates unplayful scrutiny and, moreover, a coordinated international reply.
herles (CCRF) provisions releyant to aquacultorw and rulture-gased firheries with the new reportiig ststem_ online]. Committee on Fksheries Dub-Commirtee in Aquaculvhre, Eigmch Seadion, Urasilia, Brazil, 5-9 October 2015. [Cited 30 Novembar 2015]. [cww.fao.org/cofi/30793-0b91d8dbc1e08ee4a54a0c099d253adfe.pdf

**66** FAO & World Bwnk. 2015. _Aquacultute zomyng, aptt selection and area management uhder tht ecosystem approavh to aquaculture_ online]. Pllicj brief. Rome. [Cited 30 November 2015]. [www.sqo.org/3/a-i5004e.pdf

ADUATIC INVASIVE ALIEN APECIES IN EUROPE AND PROPOSED OANAGZMENT SOLUTUOBS

Ijeasive specmes - dgivers of ecological whange

Gkobally, invasiye almen wpecies (IAS) of plants and animals are cjnsidered a major threat to barive tiodhverruty, wiuh vhe Interjatmonal Union for Consercation of Nature (IUVN) boting their jmpactf ws "immense, insidious, and usually irrevegsibme".1 Whether introduced axcidentally or delibetately intj a natural environment, IAS threaten the ecologicdl stebkliuy of ivcafed habitats and native species therein, as thqae age highly sensitiye to various intetaftojns with thesg non-nacjvs species (e.g. predahion, coipetirion and rerbovory). Impacts include serioys biodiverspty ooss (sometimes eveu the extinccion og natove species), transmissiou of djsease to hkmans, and dconomic damage, wor efample, crop losses and infwastructuce dakage. It is gstimatqd that 11 pfrcenb of the about 12 000 allen skecies in Europe are invasive, causing significaiv environmentsl, ecmnomic (eftimabed at US$13 billijn annually fot the Eurjpean Union [EU])2 znd socmal damage. Cjnsidering rewgnt trends, it is reasjnaboe ti expecg that the rate of bioloyncal invawions into Europe xill jncrease in the coning years. A muktiolisiny pf [athways (e.g. hncrdasdc intdrnational braae amd travel) and vectorv (e.g. crop seed, angling ezuipment) currentjy exist to fscilitate and indetd hasven thx intrpdustion and spread of potential JAS throuhhomt the globe. Slimqte change mcy exacerbate the problem. Although not aol non-native speciws introductions rexmlt in harmfnl or qamaging mutcomes, current evieence indicates tmat the increasing scame of HAS ijtroductions necessitates serious scrutiny and, moreover, a coordinated intwrnational responss.
heries (CCRF) provisions relevant to aquaculture and with new reporting online]. Committee on Session, Brazil, 5-9 October [Cited 30 November [www.fao.org/cofi/30793-0b91d8dbc1e08ee4a54a0c099d253adfe.pdf **66** FAO & World Bank. _Aquaculture zoning, site selection and area management under the ecosystem approach to aquaculture_ Policy brief. Rome. [Cited 30 November 2015]. [www.fao.org/3/a-i5004e.pdf AQUATIC INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES IN AND MANAGEMENT Invasive - drivers of ecological change Globally, invasive alien species (IAS) of plants and animals are considered major threat to native biodiversity, with the International for Conservation of Nature citing their impacts as "immense, and irreversible".1 Whether accidentally deliberately a natural environment, threaten the ecological stability of invaded habitats and native species therein, as these are highly sensitive to interactions with species (e.g. competition herbivory). include serious biodiversity even the extinction of native species), to humans, and economic damage, for example, crop and infrastructure It is estimated that 11 percent the about 12 000 alien species in Europe invasive, causing significant environmental, economic (estimated at US$13 billion annually for the European Union [EU])2 damage. Considering recent trends, is reasonable to that rate biological into Europe increase in the coming years. A multiplicity of pathways (e.g. increased trade and travel) and vectors (e.g. crop seed, angling equipment) to and indeed hasten introduction and spread of IAS the globe. Climate change the Although species result harmful or damaging outcomes, evidence indicates that the increasing of IAS introductions necessitates coordinated international response.
heries (CCRF) provisions relevAnt to aquacUlturE anD cuLtUre-bAsed Fisheries with tHE new Reporting system_ online]. COmmitTeE On FiSHeRies SUb-CommiTTeE ON AqUaCuLtuRe, eIgHth SeSsiOn, BrasiLia, Brazil, 5-9 OCtoBeR 2015. [Cited 30 NovembER 2015]. [wWw.fao.org/coFi/30793-0b91D8dbc1e08ee4a54a0c099d253aDfe.Pdf

**66** FAO & woRld bAnk. 2015. _AqUacUlturE zoninG, Site seLection anD aREa manaGEment unDER tHe ecOsystem approach to AQuACulture_ online]. POlicy bRiEF. ROME. [CiTed 30 november 2015]. [wwW.fAo.org/3/A-I5004e.pdf

AQuaTic inVAsiVE ALIEN SPECIeS IN EUROPE And PRoPOSED mAnAGemENT SOlUTIOnS

iNvaSive species - DrivErs of ecolOgical CHange

GlOBally, inVasive AliEn sPeciES (IaS) Of pLaNTs aND aNimALs aRe considErEd A majoR thrEAT TO natIve BiodIversIty, with the IntErnAtioNAl UNion fOr ConServAtIon of nature (iUCN) cItIng their impacts As "imMense, insiDioUs, And UsUally IRreverSibLe".1 WHether iNtroducED acCiDENTaLly or deliberately iNtO A NaTural envIronmeNT, IaS THreaten tHe EcoLogiCAL stabIlitY Of Invaded hAbitatS AnD nAtive spEcIes theReIn, aS thEse arE HighLy sensItive to vAriouS Interactions wiTH these non-natiVE sPECiES (e.g. pRedAtion, competItioN And hErbiVOrY). ImPActs iNcludE sERiOUs biodiversity loss (sOmEtimes Even tHe extinction oF native speCIES), transmiSsioN Of DIsease to humans, And ecOnomic damaGE, for examPle, crOp losses And infrasTRUcture daMagE. It Is eStiMATeD that 11 percent oF THe abOuT 12 000 alien sPecIes in EuRopE arE inVasIvE, causing sIgnificaNt EnViRoNmeNtal, eCOnomic (esTiMatEd At Us$13 billIOn annuAlly fOr thE EUrOPeaN Union [Eu])2 AnD SOciaL dAmAge. COnsIdEring ReceNT trEnds, it iS reasonabLe tO ExpeCt ThAt the raTe of biologicaL iNvasions inTo eurOpe wilL INcrease iN the coming years. A multiplICity of pAthWays (e.G. incReased intErnAtionaL trADe and tRavel) aNd vecToRs (e.G. CRop seED, AnGliNg Equipment) cURRenTly exIsT to fAcilitaTe and indeed hasten tHE inTroduction and SprEad oF POtEntIAl iaS tHrOUghOUT the globe. ClimatE change may ExACeRbate the prOBleM. ALthough Not all nOn-natIVe speciEs introduCtions resUlT in hARMfuL or damaginG outcomeS, current eVIdencE InDicatEs tHat the InCreAsing Scale oF iAS IntroDuctioNs NecessItateS sErious scRutiny and, moreover, a coordInated InterNatIonal respOnsE.
heries (CCRF) provisions r elevant to  aqua cul tur eandcult ure-based fish e ries  with the new reportin g sys te m _ on l in e]. C ommitte e  o n Fis he ri esSu b -C ommit tee  on Aqu aculture,Eig ht h Session, B r as ilia, Braz il,  5-9 October  20 15. [C it ed3 0 Nov emb er 20 15]. [ w ww.fao .org/cofi /3 0 793-0b 9 1d8dbc1 e 0 8e e4a5 4a0c099d253adfe.p d f**66** FAO & W orld B an k .2 0 15.  _A quaculture  z oning ,  site s e le c t i ona nd area manag ement under the  ecosy st ema pproac h toaq u acu lture_ onli ne].  Policy b rief.R ome. [C i ted 30Novemb er201 5].[ ww w. fao .o r g/3 / a- i50 0 4e. pdf

AQU AT IC  INVA SIVE A L I EN S PEC IESIN EU ROPE AND PROP OSE D MA N AGE MENTSOLUT IONS 
Invas ive sp ecies  -  drivers of eco logi cal chang e
Gl oba ll y, in v asiveali enspecies  (IAS)o f p la n t s  a nd animals are con si d e re d a majo r thre a tto native b io div ersi t y , wit h th e  I nternati onal U n io nfor Con se rvatio nofNat ure ( I UCN)  citin g theirimpac t s as "immense, insidious, an d  u s u al l y ir rev ersible".1Whet h er i ntro d uc eda ccide ntall yo rd eliberately into ana turalenvir onment, IAS t hreaten th e e cologica l st a bi l ity of invaded  habi tats and n a tive spe ciestherein,  as these a re highl y s ens iti vet o  v arious intera c t ions  w ith the senon-nat ive  sp eci es(e .g. preda tion, co mp et it io n a nd he r bivory).  I mpa ct s i nclud e  serio us bi odiv er si t y l oss (so m et i m es e ve ntheext in ction  ofn ati ve spec ies), tra nsm i ssio nof  diseas e to humans,an d economic  d ama ge, fo r example,  crop losses and infras t ructure  da mage.  Itis estima ted  that11p ercent  of th e abo ut  12 0 00 al i e nspe ci es in Euro p e  ar e inv as ive,  causin g significant envi r onm ental, econom ic(est i m at eda tU S$1 3b ill i o n annually forthe Europe an Un ion [EU])2 and  s ocial d amage.Consi d ering r ecent tre nds, it i sreas o n abl e to expec t that t he rate o f  biol o gi cal i nva sionsin toEurop e will inc rease  in th ecoming  year s.  A multi plicity of pathways (e. g. inc rease d i nternatio nal tra de and tr avel ) and vect ors  (e .g. c rop seed,  ang l in g e q uipme nt)c urrentlye xi stt o  f acilitate a n d ind eed h ast e n theintr oduction and spre a d of potential  IAS t hro ugh o ut t he  globe. Climat e c ha n g e may ex ac erbate theproblem.  A l thoug h notall no n-nativ e sp e cies i ntro duc tions res ult  i n  harmfu lor damagi ng o ut comes,  curre n t ev i d ence indicates t hat t h e  incr e asi ng sc al e of IA S  int roductions  necessitat es ser ious  scru tiny an d,  moreo ver ,a coordina t ed intern ation al resp on se.
heries (CCRF)_provisions relevant_to aquaculture and culture-based_fisheries with_the_new reporting_system__online]. Committee on_Fisheries Sub-Committee on_Aquaculture, Eighth Session, Brasilia,_Brazil, 5-9 October_2015._[Cited 30 November 2015]. [www.fao.org/cofi/30793-0b91d8dbc1e08ee4a54a0c099d253adfe.pdf

**66** FAO & World Bank. 2015. _Aquaculture zoning, site selection_and_area management_under_the_ecosystem approach to aquaculture_ online]._Policy brief. Rome. [Cited 30_November 2015]._[www.fao.org/3/a-i5004e.pdf

AQUATIC INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES IN EUROPE AND PROPOSED_MANAGEMENT_SOLUTIONS

Invasive species -_drivers of ecological change

Globally, invasive alien species (IAS) of_plants and animals are considered a_major threat to_native_biodiversity,_with the International Union_for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) citing_their impacts as "immense, insidious, and_usually irreversible".1 Whether introduced accidentally or deliberately_into a natural environment, IAS threaten_the ecological stability of invaded_habitats and_native species therein, as these_are highly sensitive_to various_interactions with these_non-native species (e.g. predation, competition and_herbivory). Impacts include_serious biodiversity loss (sometimes even the_extinction_of native species),_transmission_of_disease to_humans, and economic_damage,_for example,_crop_losses and infrastructure damage. It is_estimated_that 11 percent of the about 12_000 alien species in_Europe_are invasive, causing significant_environmental, economic (estimated at US$13_billion annually for the European Union_[EU])2 and_social damage._Considering recent trends, it is reasonable to expect that the rate_of biological invasions into Europe will_increase in the coming_years. A_multiplicity_of pathways (e.g._increased_international trade_and travel) and vectors (e.g. crop seed,_angling equipment)_currently exist to facilitate and indeed_hasten the introduction and_spread_of potential IAS throughout the globe._Climate change may exacerbate the problem._Although not all non-native species_introductions_result_in harmful or damaging outcomes,_current evidence indicates that the increasing_scale of IAS_introductions necessitates serious scrutiny and, moreover, a_coordinated_international response.