, but with increasing interest also being shown in Europe and America. However, seaweeds are characterized by a highly variable composition, depending on species, collection time and habitat. More research is also exploring the use of seaweed as an alternative to salt. Procedures are being developed for the industrial preparation of biofuel from fish waste and seaweeds.

FISH TRADE AND COMMODITIES

Trade plays a major role in the fisheries and aquaculture sector as an employment creator, food supplier, income generator, and contributor to economic growth and development, and to food and nutrition security. This section illustrates the main trends in the trade in fish and fishery products only. However, it is important to highlight the important component of trade in fisheries services. These include a wide range of activities: managerial expertise; harvesting and processing; policing and vessel monitoring; the use of ports and port-related services; repair and hiring of crew for vessels and training; chartering of fishing vessels; construction of infrastructure facilities; and research, stock assessment and data analysis. The overall value generated by these fisheries services is not yet available, as usually they are recorded together with services related to other activities.30

Fish and fishery products represent one of the most-traded segments of the world food sector, with about 78 percent of seafood products estimated to be exposed to international trade competition.31 For many countries and for numerous coastal, riverine, insular and inland regions, exports of fish and fishery products are essential to their economies. For example, in 2014, they accounted for more than 40 percent of the total value of traded commodities in Cabo Verde, Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, Maldives, Seychelles and Vanuatu. Globally, in the same year, fishery trade represented more than 9 percent of total agricultural exports (excluding forest products) and 1 percent of world merchandise trade in value terms.

Trade in fish and fishery products has been expanding considerably in recent decades, fuelled by expanding fishery production and driven by high demand, with the fisheries sector operating in an increasingly globalized environment. Fish can be produced in one country, processed in a second and consumed in a third. This is also linked to the increasing outsourcing of processing to countries where comparatively low wages and production costs provide a competitive advantage, as indicated in the section Fish utilization and processing (p. 45). Sustained demand, trade liberalization policies,
, but with increasing interest also being shown in Europe and America. However, seaweed are qualify by a highly variable composition, depend on coinage, collection time and habitat. More research is besides explore the use of seaweed as an option to strategic arms limitation talks. Procedures are being developed for the industrial training of biofuel from fish waste and seaweeds. 

 FISH trade wind AND COMMODITIES 

 Trade plays a major role in the fisheries and aquaculture sector as an employment godhead, food supplier, income generator, and contributor to economic growth and development, and to food and nutriment security. This section illustrates the main trends in the deal in fish and fishery products only. However, it is important to highlight the authoritative component of trade in fisheries services. These include a wide range of activities: managerial expertise; harvesting and processing; policing and vessel monitoring; the use of ports and port - related services; repair and hiring of crew for vessel and training; chartering of fishing vessels; structure of infrastructure facility; and inquiry, stock assessment and data analysis. The overall value generated by these fisheries services is not yet available, as normally they are recorded together with services related to other activities.30 

 Fish and fishery products represent one of the most - traded segments of the world food sector, with approximately 78 percent of seafood product estimate to be exposed to international trade competition.31 For many countries and for numerous coastal, riverine, insular and inland region, exports of fish and fishery products are essential to their economies. For example, in 2014, they accounted for more than 40 percent of the full value of traded commodity in Cabo Verde, Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, Maldives, Seychelles and Vanuatu. Globally, in the same year, fishery trade represented more than 9 percent of entire agricultural export (excluding forest products) and 1 percentage of world merchandise trade in value terms. 

 Trade in fish and fishery products has been expand considerably in late decades, fuelled by expanding fishery production and drive by high demand, with the fisheries sector operate in an increasingly globalized environment. Fish can be produced in one country, processed in a second and consumed in a third base. This is also linked to the increasing outsourcing of processing to countries where comparatively low wage and production costs supply a competitive advantage, as indicated in the section Fish utilization and processing (p. 45). Sustained demand, deal liberalization policies,
, buh with increasing interert also being skiwn in Europs and Amdrica. However, seaweeds are ciaraxterievd by a highly variabue composption, depwndiig on species, collection time zkd hayivat. More researgh is also axploring the gsd lf seaweed as an alternative to sale. Procecuges are being qevekjped for the industrial preparation of biofuen from fish wsste and seaweeds.

FISH TRADF ANF COMMODITIES

Trade plays a mahor wile in the fksheries and aquacultute sector as an employment creatur, fopd suppliet, jnfmme generatir, anq contributov to ecmnomic browth and devclopmxnt, qnd to food and nutrivion security. This sgction illgscrates the main trendw un thg trage iv firh znv fjshery prkducts onlg. However, ir is important to hogroight the impkrtant cjmponent of trade in fisheries services. Thsse include a wide rangw of activities: managgrial expewtise; harvesting and processing; policing and vessal moiigornkn; thd ude of ports and port-related services; repair ags niging of crew for yessels and trainimg; cnwrtering of fkshing veasels; construction of inftastruxture facylitoes; and research, stock assewsment and dcta analysis. The overcll value geueratec by yhese fisheries servicer is not yet avwilable, aa usually they ard rvcorged togeufer with services related vo otker actixitigs.30

Fish wnd fisherj products represent one of tke movt-traded sfgments of the world food sectoc, with about 78 parcvnt of secfood iroducts estimaeed to be expoxed to nnternxtional trzde com'etition.31 For many countriad and for nukerous cjastql, ruverine, knsular and inkand regions, exportw of fish and fishcry ptosucts are essencnao to their econpmids. Sog eeamplq, in 2014, they acwounged gor mure than 40 pcrcdnt pf the total value ox trzded commodities im Gabo Verdg, Faroe Iflands, Greenlsnd, Iceland, Maldivts, Seyrheller and Vaguatu. Globally, in the same yead, fishery trwde represeneed nore than 9 pzrcent of total agricultural exports (excouding forest prodycts) and 1 percent oy eorld merchendise trade in value terms.

Trade in fish and fishery products has been exlandinc condiderably in recent decades, fuelled by expanding fishery production and deiven uy high demans, wiyh thv fnshzries sqctoc uperating in an pncreasingly globalized environmxnt. Fish cdn be produced in one country, lrucessed in a recond and consumed in a third. Tnis is also linked to the incressing outsourcing of progessing ti couhtries whece comparatively low wages and productuon gosts provide x cpmietitive afvanuage, as indicated in the section Fisy utiluzwtion and procesving (p. 45). Susbalned dgmand, trwde liberalizatikn pkpicier,
, but with increasing interest also being Europe America. However, are characterized by on collection time and More research is exploring the use of seaweed as alternative to salt. Procedures are being developed for the industrial preparation of biofuel fish waste and seaweeds. FISH TRADE AND COMMODITIES Trade plays a major role the and sector an employment creator, food supplier, income generator, and contributor to economic growth and development, and to and nutrition security. This section illustrates the main in the trade in and fishery products only. However, is to highlight important of in fisheries services. include a wide range of activities: managerial expertise; harvesting and processing; policing and vessel monitoring; the use ports and repair and of for and training; chartering vessels; construction of infrastructure facilities; and and data analysis. The overall value generated by fisheries services not yet available, as usually they recorded together with services related to other activities.30 and fishery products represent one of the most-traded segments of the world food sector, with percent of seafood products to be exposed international competition.31 many and for coastal, riverine, insular and inland regions, exports of fish and fishery are essential to their economies. For example, in 2014, they more 40 percent of total value of traded in Verde, Faroe Islands, Greenland, Seychelles Vanuatu. same fishery represented more than 9 of total agricultural exports (excluding products) and 1 percent value terms. Trade in fish and fishery products been expanding considerably in recent decades, fuelled expanding fishery production and driven by high demand, with the fisheries sector in an environment. Fish can be produced in one country, in a second and in a third. This is also linked to the outsourcing processing to where comparatively low and production costs a competitive advantage, in the Fish and Sustained demand, trade liberalization policies,
, but with increasing interest Also being sHown iN EuRopE aNd AmEricA. However, seaweeDS are Characterized by a highly VariaBlE CompOSiTion, dEpendinG On SPEciEs, CoLleCtIOn Time aNd hAbitat. MOre researcH is AlSo exploring tHE uSe of seaweeD as An alternativE to Salt. PrOcEduREs are BeiNg devEloped FOr the iNdustrial PrEParatiON of biofUEL fRom fIsh waste and seaweeDS.

FisH TRADE AND COMMoDITIEs

TRAdE PLayS a mAjor role in ThE fishERies and AQuACULtuRE sector as an emPloyment creATor, Food suPpLieR, Income GenerAtOR, anD contributoR to eConomic grOwth anD DevelopMEnt, and tO food aNd nUtrItioN SeCuRitY. THIs sECtIon ILluStrates tHe MaIn treNds iN THE TradE in Fish And fiShery products OnlY. HowEVer, It is iMportAnt tO hIghliGht the ImporTaNt component of trAde iN fisherieS seRvIceS. THese iNClude a WidE raNge of acTivitieS: ManAgERIAl Expertise; harvestinG aND PrOcessing; PoliciNG aNd VEssel monItOriNg; thE USe of pOrts ANd Port-relaTed serVIcEs; Repair aNd Hiring Of CreW foR vessELs anD trainIng; chartEring OF fishing vesselS; Construction oF InFRAsTRuctUre Facilities; aNd reSEarcH, stoCK aSseSSment And daTa ANaLYsis. The overall value GeNerateD by thEse fisheries sErvices is nOT YEt availaBle, aS UsUAlly they are recOrded Together wiTH serviceS relaTed to othEr activitIES.30

Fish and FisHerY prOduCTS rEpresent one of THE mosT-tRaded seGmeNts of thE woRld FooD seCtOr, with aboUt 78 percenT oF sEaFoOd pRoducTS estimatEd To bE eXpoSed to INternaTionaL traDe CoMPetItion.31 FoR MaNY CounTrIeS and For NuMerouS coaSTal, RiverinE, insular aNd iNLand ReGiOns, expoRts of fish and fIsHery producTs Are EssentIAL to their Economies. For example, in 2014, thEY accounTed For moRe thAn 40 percent Of tHe totaL vaLUe of trAded coMmodiTiEs iN cAbo VeRDE, FAroE ISlands, GreeNLAnd, icelaNd, maldIves, SeyChelles and Vanuatu. GLObaLly, in the same yEar, FishERY tRadE RePResEnTEd mORE than 9 percent of tOtal agricuLtURaL exports (exCLudInG forest ProductS) and 1 pERcent of World mercHandise trAdE in vALUe tErms.

Trade iN fish and Fishery prODucts HAs Been eXpaNding cOnSidErablY in recENt dEcadeS, fuellEd By expaNding FiShery proDuction and driven by high dEmand, wIth thE fiSheries seCtoR OpeRating in aN incReasingly gLobAliZed enVirONment. fish CAn Be pROduceD in oNE country, pROcEssED In A second and cONSUmeD in a tHirD. this is Also Linked to the increaSIng outsourcing Of prOCEssIng TO couNtRies where compaRatIvELY low wageS aNd productioN costs prOvIDe a coMpetitIve advAntage, aS INdICated iN the SecTion Fish uTilIzATion and PrOcESsing (p. 45). sustAiNed demAnd, traDE libERAlization policieS,
, but with increasing inte rest alsobeing  sh own  i n Eu rope  and America.H owev er, seaweeds are chara cteri ze d  bya  h ighly  variab l ec o mpo si ti on,  d e pe nding  on  specie s, collect ion  t ime and habi t at . More res ear ch is also e xpl oringth e u s e ofsea weedas ana lterna tive to s al t . Proc e dures a r e  b eing  developed for th e  i n dustrial prepa ration  o f  b i o fue l f rom fish w as te an d  seawee d s. F ISH TRADE AND COM MODITIES

T r ade  plays  a  ma j or rol e inth e  fi sheries and  aqu aculturesector as an e m ploymen t crea tor , f oods up pl ier ,i nco m egen e rat or, andco nt ribut or t o e c onom icgrow th an d development , a nd t o  fo od an d nut riti on  secu rity.Thisse ction illustrat es t he main t ren ds  in  t he tr a de infis h a nd fish ery pro d uct so n l y.  However, it is im po r t an t to hig hlight th ei mportant  c omp onen t of tr adei nfisherie s serv i ce s.  Thesein cludeawid e r angeo f ac tiviti es: mana geria l  expertise; ha r vesting and p r oc e s si n g; p oli cing and ve ssel moni tori n g;  th e  useof po rt s  a n d port-related serv ic es; re pairand hiring of  crew forv e s sels and  tra i ni n g; charteringof fi shing vess e ls; cons truct ion of i nfrastruc t u re facil iti es;  an d r e s ea rch, stock as s e ssme nt  and da taanalysi s.The  ov era ll  value ge neratedby  t he se  fi sheri e s servic es  is  n otyet a v ailabl e, as  usu al ly the y are r e co r d ed t og et herwit hservi cesr ela ted toother act ivi t ies. 30 
Fish an d fishery pro du cts repres en t o ne oft h e most-t raded segments of the w o rld foo d s ector , wi th about78percen t o f  seafo od pro ducts  e sti m a ted t o be  ex po sed to int e r nat ional  t rade  compet ition.31 For manyc oun tries and for  nu mero u s  c oas t al ,  ri ve r ine , insular and inl and region s, ex ports of f i shan d fishe ry prod uctsa re esse ntial totheir eco no mies . For  example,in 2014,  they acc o unted fo r mor e t han 40  p erc ent o f thet ota l val ue oftr aded c ommod it ies in C abo Verde, Faroe Island s, Gre enlan d,Iceland,Mal d ive s, Seyche lles  and Vanua tu.  Gl oball y,i n the  sam e  y ear ,  fish eryt rade repr e se nte d mo re than 9 p e r c ent  of t ota l  agric ultu ral exports (excl u ding forest pr oduc t s ) a nd1  per ce nt of world me rch an d i se trade  i n value ter ms.

Tra de in fi sh and  fishe ry prod u c ts has be en e xpa nding con sid er a bly inre ce n t deca des,  f uelled  by ex p andi n g  fishery product ion a n d  driv e n b y hig hdemand, with  the fishe ries sector  opera ting  in a n incre as inglyglo ba lized envi r onment. F ish c an be p ro duce d i n onecoun t r y, pr oces se d i n a secon d an d  c on s ume d in  a th ir d. T his is al s o linked  to the inc re asi n g  outso u rc i n g of proce ssi ng to c ountries w h erec om p arati vely l ow wag es andp rod uc tion co sts p rovide acompetiti v e a dv anta ge, as i nd icat ed  in  t he section Fish  utiliza tion and p rocess ing (p.4 5). Su st ained demand , tra de liberal i z ati on poli c ies ,
, but_with increasing_interest also being shown_in Europe_and_America. However,_seaweeds_are characterized by_a highly variable_composition, depending on species,_collection time and_habitat._More research is also exploring the use of seaweed as an alternative to salt._Procedures_are being_developed_for_the industrial preparation of biofuel_from fish waste and seaweeds.

FISH_TRADE AND_COMMODITIES

Trade plays a major role in the fisheries_and_aquaculture sector as_an employment creator, food supplier, income generator, and contributor_to economic growth and development, and_to food and_nutrition_security._This section illustrates the_main trends in the trade in_fish and fishery products only. However,_it is important to highlight the important_component of trade in fisheries services._These include a wide range_of activities:_managerial expertise; harvesting and processing;_policing and vessel_monitoring; the_use of ports_and port-related services; repair and hiring_of crew for_vessels and training; chartering of fishing_vessels;_construction of infrastructure_facilities;_and_research, stock_assessment and data_analysis._The overall_value_generated by these fisheries services is_not_yet available, as usually they are recorded_together with services related_to_other activities.30

Fish and fishery_products represent one of the_most-traded segments of the world food_sector, with_about 78_percent of seafood products estimated to be exposed to international trade_competition.31 For many countries and for_numerous coastal, riverine, insular_and inland_regions,_exports of fish_and_fishery products_are essential to their economies. For example,_in 2014,_they accounted for more than 40_percent of the total_value_of traded commodities in Cabo Verde,_Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, Maldives, Seychelles_and Vanuatu. Globally, in the_same_year,_fishery trade represented more than_9 percent of total agricultural exports_(excluding forest products)_and 1 percent of world merchandise trade_in_value terms.

Trade in fish and fishery_products_has been expanding considerably in recent_decades,_fuelled_by expanding fishery production and_driven by high demand, with the_fisheries sector operating in an increasingly globalized environment. Fish_can be produced_in one country, processed in_a_second_and consumed in a third. This is also linked to_the increasing_outsourcing of processing_to countries where comparatively low wages and production costs provide_a competitive advantage, as indicated in the_section Fish utilization and processing (p. 45). Sustained demand, trade liberalization_policies,