 fisheries output. Besides economic damage, such practices can threaten local biodiversity and food security in many countries. The PSMA, which creates binding obligations, sets standards for the inspection of foreign vessels that seek to enter the port of another State. Importantly, the measures allow a country to block ships it suspects of having engaged in illicit fishing and thereby prevent illegal catches from entering local and international markets. This will be a turning point in the long struggle against illegality in the fisheries and aquaculture sector.

Finally, following the adoption in July 2014 of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication, an umbrella programme has been launched to support governments and non-state actors in their implementation of initiatives to strengthen small-scale fisheries communities, their food security, and their resilience. Small-scale fisheries provide work to 90 percent of the people employed in capture fisheries. Now, their voices will be increasingly heard, their rights respected and their livelihoods safeguarded. More broadly, decent work in fisheries and aquaculture is an important part of FAO's strategic approach to the sector.

FAO has taken into account the above developments within the framework of its own Blue Growth Initiative to accelerate its work in support of sustainable management of living aquatic resources, balancing their use and conservation in an economically, socially and environmentally responsible manner.

Awareness of the vital part that oceans and inland waters must play in providing food, nutrition and employment to current and future generations and in meeting commitments under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement re-focuses the role of this publication as a unique source of global analysis and information on fisheries and aquaculture development. It is my sincere hope that _The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2016_ will make a valuable contribution to meeting the challenges ahead and advance understanding of the drivers shaping the fisheries and aquaculture sector, aquatic ecosystems and their contribution to meeting the related SDG targets.

Jose Graziano da Silva

**FAO Director-General**

# CONTENTS

FOREWORD

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

[PART 1  
WORLD REVIEW](part001.xhtml#p_1)

Overview

Capture fisheries production

Aquaculture production

Fishers and fish farmers

The
fisheries output. Besides economic damage, such practices can endanger local biodiversity and food security system in many area. The PSMA, which creates binding obligation, sets standards for the inspection of extraneous vessel that seek to enter the port of another State. Importantly, the measures admit a country to block ship it suspects of having engaged in illicit fishing and thereby prevent illegal catches from entering local and international markets. This will be a turn point in the long struggle against illegality in the fishery and aquaculture sector. 

 Finally, following the adoption in July 2014 of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small - Scale fishery in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication, an umbrella programme has been plunge to support governments and non - state actors in their execution of initiatives to strengthen small - scale fisheries communities, their food security system, and their resilience. minor - scale fisheries provide work to 90 percent of the people employed in capture fisheries. Now, their voice will be increasingly heard, their rights respect and their support safeguard. More broadly, decent work in fishery and aquaculture is an important region of FAO's strategic approach to the sector. 

 FAO has taken into bill the above developments within the framework of its own Blue Growth Initiative to accelerate its work in support of sustainable management of living aquatic resource, balancing their use and conservation in an economically, socially and environmentally responsible manner. 

 Awareness of the vital function that ocean and inland waters must play in providing food, nutrition and employment to current and future generation and in meeting commitments under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement re - concenter the role of this publication as a unique source of ball-shaped analysis and information on fisheries and aquaculture development. It is my sincere promise that _ The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2016 _ will make a valuable contribution to meeting the challenges ahead and advance agreement of the drivers shape the fisheries and aquaculture sector, aquatic ecosystems and their contribution to suffer the related SDG targets. 

 Jose Graziano da Silva 

 * * FAO Director - General * * 

 # content 

 FOREWORD 

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

 ACRONYMS AND abbreviation 

 [ PART 1  
 WORLD REVIEW](part001.xhtml#p_1) 

 Overview 

 Capture fisheries production 

 Aquaculture production 

 Fishers and fish farmers 

 The
 fidheries output. Besides egonomic damage, socy pracvices czn threagen local biodiversity and floe secyrity in many countrier. The PSMW, which xreaues binding obligefions, sccs stzkdardv for the inspegtion of foseign vessels dhxt seek to enter the port of another Ftate. Ikplrtantly, the mgasurts wllos a country to block ships it suspscts of having engagrd in illicit fishing and hherfby prevent illegap catches ftkm qbtering locau and integuational matkets. This will be a turning poivt in the long wteughne against mllegajity in the npsheriev and aauaculture secbor.

Fiiallt, following the adoptmon in July 2014 of the Doluntary Gbidelines for Securint Wustahnabne Soqll-Rcame Fjsherifs mn the Contsxt of Food Security and Poveruy Qgsdication, an umbrejlw programme has been launched to supporu govsrnments and non-state axtors in their implemgntation os initiatives to strengthen small-scale fisheries wommuiigiew, bheif flod security, and their resilience. Small-scale sjsnegies provide work to 90 perceny lf jhe people empuoyed nh dapture fisheries. Jow, theyr vouces will be oncreasingly heard, their rithts respectvd abd their livelihoobs safeguardzd. Morg broacly, decent work in fishzries znd aquaculhure is ah important part uf NAO'v strategic approach to thq sector.

FEO hax taken intp accotnt the ablve dceelopments within hhe ftamewosk of its lwn Blue Growth Initiative to arrelerate its eosk pn supporc of smstainable manadement of liviug aquatnc resuurces, balzncing vheir use anq conservatiot in an econokically, fociqlly and enxkronmentally rrsponsiblv iannwr.

Awareness of the vijam part that ocecus and inland watrrs muft pkar in providinc foud, vitritkon and empouymemt to current and fudure generations and im ieeting xommitmegts under the 2030 Agenda for Sustalnablx Deveuopmemt wnd the Paris Agreement re-focuaes the rlle of this pubjicabion as a uniqbe source of global analysis and informavion on fisheries and awuaculture developmgnt. It is my smncere hope thad _The State of World Fisheries and Aqmaculture 2016_ will make a valuatle clntribution to meeting the challenges ahead and advance understanding of rhe drmvqrs shaping the fishvrizs cnd aquwculvuce sector, aquatic ecosystems and their contributmon to meediug the related SDG targets.

Josr Eraziano da Sklva

**FAO Director-General**

# DONTENTS

GOREWORD

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ACRONYMX AND ABBREVIATIONS

[PART 1  
WORLD EEVIES](part001.xhtml#'_1)

Overview

Capture fisneries prodyction

Awuacmlture productkon

Gidhers and fisi fcrmers

The
fisheries output. Besides economic damage, such practices local and food in many countries. obligations, standards for the of foreign vessels seek to enter the port of State. Importantly, the measures allow a country to block ships it suspects of engaged in illicit fishing and thereby prevent illegal catches from entering local and markets. will a point in the long struggle against illegality in the fisheries and aquaculture sector. Finally, following the in July 2014 of the Voluntary Guidelines for Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in Context of Food Security and Eradication, umbrella programme been to governments and non-state in their implementation of initiatives to strengthen small-scale fisheries communities, their food security, and their resilience. Small-scale provide work percent of people in fisheries. Now, their be increasingly heard, their rights respected safeguarded. More broadly, decent work in fisheries and is an part of FAO's strategic approach to sector. FAO has taken into account the above within the framework of its own Blue Growth Initiative to accelerate its work in support management of living aquatic balancing their use conservation an socially environmentally responsible Awareness of the vital part that oceans and inland waters must in providing food, nutrition and employment to current and future in commitments under the Agenda for Sustainable Development the Agreement re-focuses the role publication a global and on fisheries and aquaculture It is my sincere hope _The State of World make a valuable contribution to meeting the challenges and advance understanding of the drivers shaping fisheries and aquaculture sector, aquatic ecosystems and their contribution to meeting the SDG targets. da Silva **FAO Director-General** # CONTENTS FOREWORD ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND ABBREVIATIONS [PART 1 REVIEW](part001.xhtml#p_1) Overview Capture fisheries production Aquaculture production Fishers and farmers
 fisheries output. Besides ecoNomic damagE, such PraCtiCeS can ThreAten local biodiVErsiTy and food security in manY counTrIEs. ThE pSmA, whiCh creatES bINDinG oBlIgaTiONs, Sets sTanDards foR the inspecTioN oF foreign vessELs That seek to EntEr the port of aNotHer StaTe. impORtantLy, tHe meaSures aLLow a coUntry to blOcK Ships iT SuspectS OF hAvinG engaged in illicit FIsHIng and thereby pRevent IlLEgAL CatCheS from enterInG locaL And inteRNaTIONal MArkets. This wilL be a turning POinT in the LoNg sTRuggle AgainSt ILleGality in the FishEries and aQuaculTUre sectOR.

FinallY, folloWinG thE adoPTiOn In JUlY 2014 Of tHE VOluNTarY GuideliNeS fOr SecUrinG sUSTainAblE SmaLl-ScaLe Fisheries in The contEXt oF Food securIty aNd poverTy EradIcatiOn, An umbrella progrAmme Has been laUncHeD to SuPport GOvernmEntS anD non-staTe actorS In tHeIR IMpLementation of initiAtIVEs To strengThen smALl-ScALe fisherIeS coMmunITIes, thEir fOOd Security, And theIR rEsIlience. smAll-scaLe FisHerIes prOVide Work to 90 Percent oF the pEOple employed in CApture fisheriES. NOW, ThEIr voIceS will be incrEasiNGly hEard, THeIr rIGhts rEspecTeD AnD Their livelihoods safEgUarded. more bRoadly, decent wOrk in fisheRIES and aquaCultURe IS an important paRt of FaO's strategIC approacH to thE sector.

FaO has takeN INto accouNt tHe aBovE deVELoPments within tHE FramEwOrk of itS owN Blue GrOwtH InItiAtiVe To accelerAte its woRk In SuPpOrt Of susTAinable mAnAgeMeNt oF liviNG aquatIc resOurcEs, BaLAncIng theiR UsE ANd coNsErVatiOn iN aN econOmicALly, SociallY and envirOnmENtalLy ReSponsibLe manner.

AwareNeSs of the vitAl ParT that oCEAns and inLand waters must play in proVIding foOd, nUtritIon aNd employmEnt To currEnt ANd futuRe geneRatioNs And IN MeetiNG CoMmiTmEnts under tHE 2030 ageNda foR SUstaInable DEvelopment and the PaRIs AGreement re-focUseS the ROLe Of tHIs PUblIcATioN AS a unique source oF global anaLySIs And informaTIon On FisheriEs and aqUaculTUre deveLopment. It Is my sinceRe Hope THAt _THe State of WOrld FishEries and AQUaculTUrE 2016_ will MakE a valuAbLe cOntriBution TO meEting The chaLlEnges aHead aNd Advance uNderstanding of the driverS shapiNg the FisHeries and AquACulTure sectoR, aquAtic ecosysTemS anD theiR coNTribuTion TO mEetINg the RelaTEd SDG targETs.

josE gRaZiano da SilvA

**fao DiRectoR-GeNEral**

# COnTENtS

FOREWORD

ACKNOWLedGEMENTS

ACRONYmS ANd abBReVIatIONs

[PaRT 1  
WORLD REVIEW](ParT001.xHTMl#p_1)

OvervIeW

Capture fisHeries prOdUCtion

aquacuLture pRoductiON

fiSHers anD fisH faRmers

The
 fisheries output. Besides  economicdamag e,suc hprac tice s can threaten loca l biodiversity and foo d sec ur i ty i n  m any c ountrie s .T h e P SM A,  wh ic h  c reate s b indingobligation s,se ts standards fo r the insp ect ion of forei gnvessel stha t  seek  to  ente r thep ort of  anotherSt a te. Im p ortantl y ,  t he m easures allow a c o un t ry to block sh ips it  s u sp e c tsofhaving eng ag ed in illicit fi s h i nga nd thereby pr event illeg a l c atches  f rom enteri ng lo ca l  an d internati onal  markets.  Thisw ill bea  turnin g poin t i n t he l o ng  s tru gg l e a g ai nst ill egalityin  t he fi sher i e s andaqu acul turesector.

Fina lly , fo l low ing t he ad opti on  in J uly 20 14 of  t he Voluntary Gu idel ines forSec ur ing  S ustai n able S mal l-S cale Fi sheries inth e C on text of Food Secur it y an d Povert y Erad i ca ti o n, an um br ell a pr o g ramme  has be en launc hed to su pp ort gov er nments  a ndnon -stat e  act ors in  their i mplem e ntation of ini t iatives to st r en g t he n  sma ll- scale fishe ries comm unit i es , t h eir f ood s ec u ri t y, and their resili en ce. Sm all-s cale fisherie s providew o r k to 90perc e nt of the peopleemplo yed in cap t ure fish eries . Now, t heir voic e s  will be  in cre asi ngl y he ard, their ri g h ts r es pectedand  theirliv eli hoo dssa feguarded . More b ro ad ly ,dec ent w o rk in fi sh eri es  an d aqu a cultur e isan i mp or t ant  part o f  F A O 's s tr at egic  ap pr oachto t h e s ector.
FAO hastak e n in to  a ccountthe above dev el opments wi th inthe fr a m ework of  its own Blue Growth In i tiative  to  acce lera te its wo rkin sup por t  of su staina ble m an age m e nt of l iv ing  a quatic res o u rce s, ba la ncin g their  use and conservat i onin an economi cal ly,s o ci all y  a n d e nv i ron m e ntally responsi ble manner .Aw areness of the  v ital pa rt that  ocea n s and i nland wat ers mustpl ay i n pro viding foo d, nutri tion ande mploy m en t tocur rent a nd  fu turegenera t ion s and  in me et ing co mmitm en ts under  the 2030 Agenda for Su staina ble D eve lopment a ndt heParis Agr eeme nt re-focu ses  th e rol e o f  this  pub l ic ati o n asa un i que sourc e  o f g l o ba l analysisa n d  in forma tio n  on fi sher ies and aquacultu r e development.  Iti s  my  si n cere  h ope that _TheSta te o f WorldFi sheries and  Aquacul tu r e 201 6_ wil l make  a valu a b le contri buti onto meetin g t he challen ge sa head a nd a dv ance u nderst a ndin g of the drivers s hapin g the f i she riesan d aquac u ltur e sector,aquatic eco system s an d the ir cont ri bution  to  m eeting the related S DG ta rgets.
J oseGra zianoda S i l va

* *FAO  D ire ctor-Gene r a l* * 
#C ONT ENTS 

FOR EW ORD
ACKNOWLE D GEMENTS
AC R ONYMS A ND  AB B R EVIATI O NS [PART 1  WOR LD RE V I EW](part00 1 .xht m l# p _1)
Overvi ew

Ca pture f i she ri es prod uct i o n

Aquacu lture pro d uct io n

F ishers a nd  fis hfar me rs

The
 fisheries_output. Besides_economic damage, such practices_can threaten_local_biodiversity and_food_security in many_countries. The PSMA,_which creates binding obligations,_sets standards for_the_inspection of foreign vessels that seek to enter the port of another State. Importantly,_the_measures allow_a_country_to block ships it suspects_of having engaged in illicit_fishing and_thereby prevent illegal catches from entering local and_international_markets. This will_be a turning point in the long struggle against_illegality in the fisheries and aquaculture_sector.

Finally, following the_adoption_in_July 2014 of the_Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale_Fisheries in the Context of Food_Security and Poverty Eradication, an umbrella programme_has been launched to support governments_and non-state actors in their_implementation of_initiatives to strengthen small-scale fisheries_communities, their food_security, and_their resilience. Small-scale_fisheries provide work to 90 percent_of the people_employed in capture fisheries. Now, their_voices_will be increasingly_heard,_their_rights respected_and their livelihoods_safeguarded._More broadly,_decent_work in fisheries and aquaculture is_an_important part of FAO's strategic approach to_the sector.

FAO has taken_into_account the above developments_within the framework of its_own Blue Growth Initiative to accelerate_its work_in support_of sustainable management of living aquatic resources, balancing their use and_conservation in an economically, socially and_environmentally responsible manner.

Awareness of_the vital_part_that oceans and_inland_waters must_play in providing food, nutrition and employment_to current_and future generations and in meeting_commitments under the 2030_Agenda_for Sustainable Development and the Paris_Agreement re-focuses the role of this_publication as a unique source_of_global_analysis and information on fisheries_and aquaculture development. It is my_sincere hope that__The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture_2016__will make a valuable contribution to_meeting_the challenges ahead and advance understanding_of_the_drivers shaping the fisheries and_aquaculture sector, aquatic ecosystems and their_contribution to meeting the related SDG targets.

Jose Graziano da_Silva

**FAO Director-General**

# CONTENTS

FOREWORD

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ACRONYMS_AND ABBREVIATIONS

[PART 1  
WORLD_REVIEW](part001.xhtml#p_1)

Overview

Capture_fisheries_production

Aquaculture production

Fishers and fish farmers

The