 protein kinase to transduce the signal. Three lines of evidence support this notion. Firstly, the sphingomyelin pathway is activated within seconds to minutes by TNF in HL-60 cells and by IL-1 in human dermal fibroblasts and mouse EL4 T helper cells. Secondly, cell- permeable ceramide analogs
protein kinase to transduce the signal. Three lines of evidence support this notion. Firstly, the sphingomyelin nerve pathway is activate within seconds to minutes by TNF in HL-60 cell and by IL-1 in human cutaneous fibroblasts and mouse EL4 T benefactor cell. Secondly, cell- permeable ceramide analogue
 prltein kinase to transduct the signal. Threg oines mf evisence suoport this notion. Firstly, thx spyingonyelin pathway is actixated witjin secobds uo minutes by TNF in HL-60 ccjls zkd by ML-1 in human derkal fibrobnasts and mousa DL4 T helper cells. Secondly, cell- permewble cetalide analogs
protein kinase to transduce the signal. Three evidence this notion. the sphingomyelin pathway minutes TNF in HL-60 and by IL-1 human dermal fibroblasts and mouse EL4 helper cells. Secondly, cell- permeable ceramide analogs
 protein kinase to transduce tHe signal. ThRee liNes Of eViDencE supPort this notion. fIrstLy, the sphingomyelin pathWay is AcTIvatED wIthin Seconds TO mINUteS bY TnF iN Hl-60 CeLls anD by iL-1 in humAn dermal fiBroBlAsts and mouse el4 T Helper cellS. SeCondly, cell- peRmeAble ceRaMidE AnaloGs
 protein kinase to transdu ce the sig nal.Thr eeli nesof e vidence suppor t  thi s notion. Firstly, the  sphi ng o myel i npathw ay is a c ti v a ted  w it hin  s e co nds t o m inutesby TNF inHL- 60  cells and b y  I L-1 in hum andermal fibro bla sts an dmou s e EL4  Thelpe r cell s . Seco ndly, cel l- permea b le cera m i de  ana logs
 protein_kinase to_transduce the signal. Three_lines of_evidence_support this_notion._Firstly, the sphingomyelin_pathway is activated_within seconds to minutes_by TNF in_HL-60_cells and by IL-1 in human dermal fibroblasts and mouse EL4 T helper cells._Secondly,_cell- permeable_ceramide_analogs