premise: The American Civil War ended in the 19th century.
hypothesis: The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865 . The Appomattox Campaign was a series of American Civil War battles fought March 29 -- April 9 , 1865 in Virginia that concluded with the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee 's Army of Northern Virginia to the Union Army ( Army of the Potomac , Army of the James and Army of the Shenandoah ) under the overall command of Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant .