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"&lt;p&gt;Readers of this column by now know the details of the effort to use fraudulent &amp;quot;lawfare&amp;quot; to extort billions from Chevron Corp., for pollution damages most likely caused by an Ecuadorean corporation long after Texaco Petroleum (which Chevron subsequently purchased) had left Ecuador and had obtained a formal certification that all pollution had been remediated.&amp;nbsp; The fraud was masterminded by an American attorney and involved Ecuadorean lawyers and judges.&lt;/p&gt;\r\n\r\n&lt;p&gt;In 2009 Chevron and Texaco sought international arbitration against the Government of Ecuador, claiming that this fraud entailed violations of the United States-Ecuador Bilateral Investment Treaty (the &amp;ldquo;BIT&amp;rdquo;), the parties&amp;rsquo; agreements, and international law.&amp;nbsp; Chevron seeks ultimately to hold Ecuador financially accountable for the damages it has suffered in defending itself and its reputation.&lt;/p&gt;\r\n\r\n&lt;p&gt;Between 2012 and 2013, the BIT Tribunal issued&amp;nbsp;five awards and orders in favor of Chevron.&amp;nbsp;In January, 2014, Ecuador filed a petition in the District Court of the Hague (the legal seat of the BIT arbitration) to set aside the above-mentioned arbitral awards.&amp;nbsp; On January 20, 2016, the District Court&amp;nbsp;rejected all of Ecuador&amp;rsquo;s claims.&amp;nbsp; In 2017 the Hague Court of Appeal upheld the District Court&amp;rsquo;s decision.&amp;nbsp; And last week, on April 12, 2019, the Dutch Supreme Court upheld the Court of Appeal&amp;rsquo;s decision.&amp;nbsp; Last week&amp;#39;s decision means that the&amp;nbsp;five arbitral awards are no longer subject to challenge.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;This includes the&amp;nbsp;BIT Tribunal&amp;#39;s interim awards ordering Ecuador to &amp;ldquo;take all measures necessary&amp;rdquo; to prevent or suspend enforcement of the Lago Agrio Judgment worldwide and declaring Ecuador in breach of international law for&amp;nbsp;having failed to voluntarily do so.&lt;/p&gt;\r\n\r\n&lt;p&gt;Read more &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelkrauss/2019/04/14/dutch-high-court-finds-for-chevron-over-ecuador/#396a358b6723&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;\r\n"
<https://www.juiciocrudo.com/articulo/dutch-high-court-finds-for-chevron-over-ecuador/11531>