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"Called a gastric if it is located in the stomach, and duodenal if it forms in the duodenum, this ulcer forms in the wall of the digestive track. It is quite painful because it comes into direct contact with the acid in the digestive tract.\n\nCauses\n\nHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a bacterium that survives acidity, is responsible for most ulcers, causing 60-80% of stomach ulcers and 80-85% of duodenal ulcers. It attacks the layer of mucus that normally protects the stomach and small intestine from acidity.\n\nAspirin and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs (e.g. ibuprofen, Naproxen, Celebrex, etc.), are the second most common cause of ulcers in the digestive tract. When taken in combination with an H. Pylori bacterial infection, they increase the risk of ulcers by a factor of 60.\n\nSmoking, alcohol abuse, stress or a hereditary predisposition can also cause excessive acid production in the stomach.\n\nSymptoms\n\n\nBurning sensation in the upper abdomen\nPain caused by a stomach ulcer is aggravated by eating or drinking.\nIn the case of duodenal ulcers, the pain lessens when eating, but increases one to three hours after eating and when the stomach is empty.\nThe feeling of having eaten too much\nBurping and bloating\n\n\nComplications\n\n\nThe ulcer may cause hemorrhage inside the digestive tract (vomiting of blood or blood in the stool)\nIt can pierce the wall of the digestive tract and cause peritonitis, a medical emergency.\n\n\nGastroduodenal ulcer treatment\n\nTreatment with antibiotics is prescribed for a bacterial infection with Helicobacter pylori, the most common cause of gastroduodenal ulcers. Those ulcers not caused by H. pylori are treated the same way as cases of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Changes to diet, stopping the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and taking antacids available over the counter are usually sufficient. If needed, histamine h2 antagonists (cimetidine, famotidine, etc.), or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), such as omeprazole, esomeprazole and pantoprazole, can be prescribed. In rare cases, surgery is indicated for treating certain medication-resistant ulcers, or if gastric cancer is suspected."
<https://www.biron.com/en/education-center/neat-little-guide/digestive-disorders/>