<https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/loop-quantum-gravity.2662/>
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"I don't know if I've come to the right place. I've posted this in the theoretical physics forum and yet to get a reply...\r\n\r\nI recently read this article http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?ar...F71809EC588EEDF\r\n\r\nand came across this thing called spin network. Anyone with further explanation on this?\r\n\r\nThere is also this paragraph in this article on the first page:\r\n\r\nMarkopoulou Kalamara approached LQG's extraneous space problem by asking, Why not start with Penrose's spin networks (which are not embedded in any preexisting space), mix in some of the results of LQG, and see what comes out? The result was networks that do not live in space and are not made of matter. Rather their very architecture gives rise to space and matter. In this picture, there are no things, only geometric relationships. Space ceases to be a place where objects such as particles bump and jitter and instead becomes a kaleidoscope of ever changing patterns and processes. \r\n\r\nGiving rise to space and matter? Any explanations?"
<https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/loop-quantum-gravity.2662/>