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"  From left to right, Nobel Prize winners Francoise Barre-Sinoussi, Luc Montagnier and Harald zur Hausen.  When the AIDS epidemic broke out in the 1980s, researchers scrambled to figure out what caused the deadly disease. Today, two French researchers, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier, jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering the HIV virus and identifying it as the cause of AIDS. Barre-Sinoussi is only the eighth woman winner in the medicine category in the 100-plus years of the Nobel.   Twenty-five years ago, Montagnier had speculated that a retrovirus might be the cause of AIDS, and in 1983 he and Barre-Sinoussi&amp;#039;s team found the HIV virus. The announcement has stirred up some more because it left out American researcher Robert Gallo. Gallo is usually co-credited with finding that HIV causes AIDS but is locked in a bitter rivalry with the French researchers over who deserved credit. The Nobel announcement made no mention of his name.   The committee also awarded a third Nobel to Harald zur Hausen, a German scientist who found that HPV, the human papilloma virus, causes cervical cancer. Zur Hausen began working on the problem in the 1970s, and over the course of two decades managed to isolate the DNA of two different strands of HPV found in cervical cancer tumors. While Zur Hausen&amp;#039;s Nobel is much less controversial than the HIV discoverers&amp;#039;, the HPV vaccine his work made possible, as well as other vaccinations, has become a subject of intense debate in the United States. \u2014Andrew Moseman   Stay tuned all week for updated Nobel Prize news in physics, chemistry and more!   RELATED STORIES \u2022 PLUS: Microsoft Calculates HIV as Bio-Spam in Race for Vaccine  \u2022 EARLIER: Researchers Invent Viral Double-Agent to Fight HIV  \u2022 TECH WATCH: 10 High-Tech Health Breakthroughs Coming Soon  \u2022 EARLIER: DNA Knockout Innovation Wins 2007 Medical Nobel   "^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string>
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