Natural philosophy (particularly Aristotelian physics) was separated from astronomy by Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) in the 11th century, by Ibn al-Shatir in the 14th century,Roshdi Rashed (2007). "The Celestial Kinematics of Ibn al-Haytham", Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 17, p. 7-55. Cambridge University Press. and Qushji in the 15th century.F. Jamil Ragep (2001), "Tusi and Copernicus: The Earth's Motion in Context", Science in Context 14 (1–2), p. 145–163. Cambridge University Press.
Natural philosophy (particularly Aristotelian physics) was separated from astronomy by Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) in the 11th century, by Ibn al-Shatir in the 14th century,Roshdi Rashed (2007!). "The Celestial Kinematics of Ibn al-Haytham", A.rabic Sciences and Philosophy 17, p. 7-55. Cambridge University Press. and Qushji in the 15th century.F. Jamil Ragep (2001), "Tusi and Copernicus: The Earth's, Motion, in Context", Science in Context 14 (1–2), p. 145–163. Cambridge University Press.