The first recorded organized skiing exercises and races are from military uses of skis in Norwegian and Swedish infantries. For instance, details of military ski exercises in the Danish-Norwegian army from 1767 included downhill in rough terrain, target practice while skiing downhill, and 3 km cross-country skiing with full military backpack. Slalom (Norwegian: slalåm) is a word of Norwegian origin that has entered the international skiing vocabulary. In the 1800s, skiers in Telemark challenged each other on "wild slopes" (ville låmir), more gentle slopes had the adjective "sla". Some races were on "bumpy courses" (kneikelåm) and sometimes included "steep jumps" (sprøytehopp) for difficulty. These 19th-century races in Telemark ran along particularly difficult trails usually from a steep mountain, along timber slides, and ended with a sharp turn ("Telemark turn") on a field or icy lake. 1809: Olaf Rye was first known ski jumper. 1843: First public skiing competition ("betting race") held in Tromsø, Norway on March 19, 1843. Also the first skiing competition reported in a newspaper. 1861: First ski clubs: Inderøens Skiløberforening founded in the Trøndelag region of Norway (possibly in 1862). Trysil Skytte- og Skiløberforning founded 20 May 1861 in Trysil. Onion Valley Snow Shoe Club formed January 1861 in California. Skiing established in Australia at Kiandra, which led to the founding of the Kiandra Snow Shoe Club. Ski racing as an organised sport commenced in America. 1862: First public ski jumping competition held at Trysil, Norway, January 22, 1862. Judges awarded points for style ("elegance and smoothness"). 1863: First recorded female ski jumper at Trysil competition. 1864: From January 1864, "Trondheim Weapons Training Club" organized regular training and competition races (cross-country and jumping), in Trondheim, Norway. 1872: The oldest ski club in North America still existing is the Nansen Ski Club, which was founded in 1872 by Norwegian immigrants of Berlin, New Hampshire under a different name. 1878: On the occasion of the Exposition Universelle in Paris, the Norwegian pavilion presented a display of skis. This ancient means of locomotion drew the attention of visitors who bought many of them. Henry Duhamel experimented with a pair at Chamrousse in the Alps. 1879: first recorded use of the word slalom. 1884: First pure cross-country competition held in Trondheim when ski jumping was dropped from the annual competition. 1893: Franz Reisch made first descent on skis at Kitzbühel 1893: William Adolf Baillie Grohman started skiing in the Tyrol with his family using four pairs of skis sent from Norway as a present. 1893: Henrik Angell introduced skiing in Montenegro. November 1895: creation of the Ski Club des Alpes in Grenoble by the friends of Henry Duhamel, to whom he had distributed 14 pairs of skis acquired during his trip to Finland 1897: The Norwegian Starkad Ski Club, a ski club and literary society, was founded, publishing a journal featuring reports, interviews, poems, plays, and drawings from the early days of skiing in Norway 1898: Canadian championships in ski jumping and ski-running won by Olaus Jeldness 1904: First ski race in Italy, at Bardonecchia. 1905: foundation of the Czech national ski association 1905: foundation of the U.S. national ski association. 1905/1906: The notion of "slalom" (Norwegian: "slalåm") was used for the first time at a race in Sonnenberg. Skiing between poles with flags called "Wertungsfahren" at Münchenkuggel. 1906: A slalom race was held in Oslo. 1907: First International Ski Competition, between Montgenevre (in France) and Claviere (in Italy). 1908: Sir Arnold Lunn founded the Alpine Ski Club 1908: The Kiandra Snow Shoe Club of Australia held an "international contest" of "ski running". 1922: start of the Vasaloppet. 1922: Arnold Lunn created modern slalom competitive skiing. 1922: First team ski race event at a Varsity Trip between Oxford and Cambridge Universities. 1924: formation of the International Ski Federation, also the first Winter Olympics. 1924: Kandahar Ski Club formed in Mürren, Switzerland 1929: Norwegian instructors arrived in Sapporo and train Japanese in ski jumping. 1931: FIS international slalom contest. 1932: start of the Birkebeinerrennet 1936: Winter Olympics included downhill race. 1950: FIS officially included Giant Slalom in its alpine events 1952 Winter Olympics: Women's Nordic skiing included for first time 1957: Doug Pfeiffer created modern freestyle skiing 1959: The FIS officially required the wearing of helmets in all races 1960: Cable network CBS bought the rights to show the Olympic Winter Games, marking the first time instant-replay is utilized in the sport Paralympic cross-country skiing included at the 1976 Winter Paralympics. 1980: After the cross-country skiing event at the Olympic Winter Games was won by 0.01 seconds, the FIS was forced to change the precision of the timing in the events 1992: Mogul skiing and freestyle skiing added to the 1992 Winter Olympics. 2002 Winter Olympics: Appearance of sprint and mass start cross-country events in Salt Lake City. 2009: campaign for the inclusion of women's ski jumping led to its inclusion in the 2014 Winter Olympics.
The first recorded organized skiing exercises and races are from military uses of skis in Norwegian and Swedish infantries. For instance, details of military ski exercises in the Danish-Norwegian army from 1767 included downhill in rough terrain, target practice while skiing downhill, and 3 km cross-country skiing with full military backpack. Slalom (Norwegian: slalåm) is a word of Norwegian origin that has entered the international skiing vocabulary. In the 1800s, skiers in Telemark challenged each other on "wild slopes" (ville låmir), more gentle slopes had the adjective "sla". Some races were on "bumpy courses" (kneikelåm) and sometimes included "steep jumps" (sprøytehopp) for difficulty. These 19th-century races in Telemark ran along particularly difficult trails usually from a steep mountain, along timber slides, and ended with a sharp turn ("Telemark turn") on a field or icy lake. 1809: Olaf Rye was first known ski jumper. 1843: First public skiing competition ("betting race") held in Tromsø, Norway on March 19, 1843. Also the first skiing competition reported in a newspaper. 1861: First ski clubs: Inderøens Skiløberforening founded in the Trøndelag region of Norway (possibly in 1862). Trysil Skytte- og Skiløberforning founded 20 May 1861 in Trysil. Onion Valley Snow Shoe Club formed January 1861 in California. Skiing established in Australia at Kiandra, which led to the founding of the Kiandra Snow Shoe Club. Ski racing as an organised sport commenced in America. 1862: First public ski jumping competition held at Trysil, Norway, January 22, 1862 Judges awarded points for style ("elegance and smoothness"). 1863: First recorded female ski jumper at Trysil competition. 1864: From January 1864, "Trondheim Weapons Training Club" organized regular training and competition races (cross-country and jumping), in Trondheim, Norway. 1872: The oldest ski club in North America still existing is the Nansen Ski Club, which was founded in 1872 by Norwegian immigrants of Berlin, New Hampshire under a different name. 1878: On the occasion of the Exposition Universelle in Paris, the Norwegian pavilion presented a display of skis. This ancient means of locomotion drew the attention of visitors who bought many of them. Henry Duhamel experimented with a pair at Chamrousse in the Alps. 1879: first recorded use of the word slalom. 1884: First pure cross-country competition held in Trondheim when ski jumping was dropped from the annual competition. 1893: Franz Reisch made first descent on skis at Kitzbühel 1893: William Adolf Baillie Grohman started skiing in the Tyrol with his family using four pairs of skis sent from Norway as a present. 1893: Henrik Angell introduced skiing in Montenegro. November 1895: creation of the Ski Club des Alpes in Grenoble by the friends of Henry Duhamel, to whom he had distributed 14 pairs of skis acquired during his trip to Finland 1897: The Norwegian Starkad Ski Club, a ski club and literary society, was founded, publishing a journal featuring reports, interviews, poems, plays, and drawings from the early days of skiing in Norway 1898: Canadian championships in ski jumping and ski-running won by Olaus Jeldness 1904: First ski race in Italy, at Bardonecchia. 1905: foundation of the Czech national ski association 1905: foundation of the U.S. national ski association. 1905/1906: The notion of "slalom" (Norwegian: "slalåm") was used for the first time at a race in Sonnenberg. Skiing between poles with flags called "Wertungsfahren" at Münchenkuggel. 1906: A slalom race was held in Oslo. 1907: First International Ski Competition, between Montgenevre (in France) and Claviere (in Italy). 1908: Sir Arnold Lunn founded the Alpine Ski Club 1908: The Kiandra Snow Shoe Club of Australia held an "international contest" of "ski running". 1922: start of the Vasaloppet. 1922: Arnold Lunn created modern slalom competitive skiing. 1922: First team ski race event at a Varsity Trip between Oxford and Cambridge Universities. 1924: formation of the International Ski Federation, also the first Winter Olympics. 1924: Kandahar Ski Club formed in Mürren, Switzerland 1929: Norwegian instructors arrived in Sapporo and train Japanese in ski jumping. 1931: FIS international slalom contest. 1932: start of the Birkebeinerrennet 1936: Winter Olympics included downhill race. 1950: FIS officially included Giant Slalom in its alpine events 1952 Winter Olympics: Women's Nordic skiing included for first time 1957: Doug Pfeiffer created modern freestyle skiing 1959: The FIS officially required the wearing of helmets in all races 1960: Cable network CBS bought the rights to show the Olympic Winter Games, marking the first time instant-replay is utilized in the sport Paralympic cross-country skiing included at the 1976 Winter Paralympics. 1980: After the cross-country skiing event at the Olympic Winter Games was won by 0.01 seconds, the FIS was forced to change the precision of the timing in the events 1992: Mogul skiing and freestyle skiing added to the 1992 Winter Olympics. 2002 Winter Olympics: Appearance of sprint and mass start cross-country events in Salt Lake City. 2009: campaign for the inclusion of women's ski jumping led to its inclusion in the 2014 Winter Olympics.