Post World War II, the actor-manager slowly started to disappear, and directing become a fully fledged artistic activity within the theatre profession. The director originating artistic vision and concept, and realizing the staging of a production, became the norm rather than the exception. Great forces in the emancipation of theatre directing as a profession were notable 20th-century theatre directors like Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, Vsevolod Meyerhold, Yevgeny Vakhtangov, Michael Chekhov, Yuri Lyubimov (Russia), Orson Welles, Peter Brook, Peter Hall (Britain), Bertolt Brecht (Germany), Giorgio Strehler, and Franco Zeffirelli (Italy).
Post World War II the actor-manager slowly started to disappear and directing become a fully fledged artistic activity within the theatre profession The director originating artistic vision and concept and realizing the staging of a production became the norm rather than the exception Great forces in the emancipation of theatre directing as a profession were notable 20th-century theatre directors like Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko Vsevolod Meyerhold Yevgeny Vakhtangov Michael Chekhov Yuri Lyubimov (Russia) Orson Welles Peter Brook Peter Hall (Britain) Bertolt Brecht (Germany) Giorgio Strehler and Franco Zeffirelli (Italy)