The Wagner number is rather difficult to measure accurately; therefore, other related parameters, that are easier to obtain experimentally with standard cells, are usually used instead. These parameters are derived from two ratios: the ratio of the plating thickness of a specified region of the cathode "close" to the anode to the thickness of a region "far" from the cathode and the ratio of the distances of these regions through the electrolyte to the anode. In a Haring-Blum cell, for example, for its two independent cathodes, and a cell yielding plating thickness ratio of M = 6 has Harring-Blum throwing power . Other conventions include the Heatley throwing power , Field throwing power , and Luke throwing power . A more uniform thickness is obtained by making the throwing power larger (less negative), except for Luke's throwing power, which has the advantage of having a minimum of 0 and a maximum of 100, in terms of the less negative value, according to any of these definitions.
The Wagner number is rather difficult to measure accurately; therefore, other related parameters, that are easier to obtain experimentally with standard cells, are usually used instead. These parameters are derived from two ratios: the ratio of the plating thickness of a specified region of the cathode "close" to the anode to the thickness of a region "far" from the cathode and the ratio of the distances of these regions through the electrolyte to the anode. In a Haring-Blum cell, for example, for its two independent cathodes, and a cell yielding plating thickness ratio of M = 6 has Harring-Blum throwing power . Other conventions include the Heatley throwing power , Field throwing power , and Luke throwing power . A more uniform thickness is obtained by making the throwing power larger (less negative), except for Luke's throwing power, which has the advantage of having a minimum of 0 and a maximum of 100, in terms of the less negative value, according to any of these definitions.