Achelous was also said to be the father (with no mothers mentioned) of several nymphs associated with various famous springs.Isler 1981, p. 12; Grimal, s.v. Achelous. These included Pirene, the nymph of a spring at Corinth,Pausanias, 2.2.3. Castalia, the nymph of a spring at Delphi,Panyassis fr. 2 West = Pausanias, 10.8.9. and Dirce, the nymph of a spring (and the stream that flowed from it) at Thebes, which became associated with the Dirce who was Antiope's aunt.Hard, p. 304; Euripides, Bacchae 519–520. Plato has "the nymphs" as daughters of Achelous,Plato, Phaedrus 263d. and the 5th-century BC poet Panyassis seems also to have referred to "Achelesian nymphs".D'Alessio, p. 30; Panyassis fr. 23 West. He was also the father (again with no mother mentioned) of Alcmeon's second wife Callirrhoe, whose name means "the lovely spring".Hard, p. 327; Grimal, s.v. Achelous; Ovid, Metamorphoses 9.413–414; Apollodorus, 3.7.5; Pausanias, 8.24.9. Such examples suggest the possibility of a tradition in which Achelous was considered to be the father of all springs or, at least, the nymphs associated with them.See D'Alessio, p. 30, which attributes to Panyassis, and "many other fifth-century authors the idea that all springs derive" from Achelous, and Isler 1981, p. 12, which says Achelous was considered generally the father of all spring nymphs ("überhaupt als Vater aller Quellnymphen").
achelous was also said to be the father (with no mothers mentioned) of several nymphs associated with various famous springsisler 1981 p 12; grimal sv achelous these included pirene the nymph of a spring at corinthpausanias 223 castalia the nymph of a spring at delphipanyassis fr 2 west = pausanias 1089 and dirce the nymph of a spring (and the stream that flowed from it) at thebes which became associated with the dirce who was antiope's aunthard p 304; euripides bacchae 519–520 plato has "the nymphs" as daughters of achelousplato phaedrus 263d and the 5th-century bc poet panyassis seems also to have referred to "achelesian nymphs"d'alessio p 30; panyassis fr 23 west he was also the father (again with no mother mentioned) of alcmeon's second wife callirrhoe whose name means "the lovely spring"hard p 327; grimal sv achelous; ovid metamorphoses 9413–414; apollodorus 375; pausanias 8249 such examples suggest the possibility of a tradition in which achelous was considered to be the father of all springs or at least the nymphs associated with themsee d'alessio p 30 which attributes to panyassis and "many other fifth-century authors the idea that all springs derive" from achelous and isler 1981 p 12 which says achelous was considered generally the father of all spring nymphs ("überhaupt als vater aller quellnymphen")