Beginning in the mid second century BC, dynastic strife and a series of foreign wars weakened the kingdom, and it became increasingly reliant on the Roman Republic. Under Cleopatra VII, who sought to restore Ptolemaic power, Egypt became entangled in a Roman civil war, which ultimately led to its conquest by Rome in 30 BC. The Crisis of the Third Century in the Roman Empire freed the Levantine city state of Palmyra who conquered Egypt, however their rule lasted only a few years before Egypt was reintegrated into the Roman Empire. In the midst of this, Kush regained total independence from Egypt, and they would persist as a major regional power until, having been weakened from internal rebellion amid worsening climatic conditions, invasions by both the Aksumites and the Noba caused their disintegration into Makuria, Alodia, and Nobatia in the 5th century AD. The Romans managed to hold on to Egypt for the rest of the ancient period.
Beginning in the mid second century BC dynastic strife and a series of foreign wars weakened the kingdom and it became increasingly reliant on the Roman Republic Under Cleopatra VII who sought to restore Ptolemaic power Egypt became entangled in a Roman civil war which ultimately led to its conquest by Rome in 30 BC The Crisis of the Third Century in the Roman Empire freed the Levantine city state of Palmyra who conquered Egypt however their rule lasted only a few years before Egypt was reintegrated into the Roman Empire In the midst of this Kush regained total independence from Egypt and they would persist as a major regional power until having been weakened from internal rebellion amid worsening climatic conditions invasions by both the Aksumites and the Noba caused their disintegration into Makuria Alodia and Nobatia in the 5th century AD The Romans managed to hold on to Egypt for the rest of the ancient period