Germany In Germany, administrative law () includes all law that specifically governs the legal relationships between public authorities and private persons, and that is not more precisely described as constitutional law. It sets out the tasks, aims and powers, as well as the organization and procedure, for all public authorities (). As a field of legal study, administrative law has been differentiated from other branches of public law since the late 19th century in Germany;H. P. Bull and V. Mehde, Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht mit Verwaltungslehre [Generally Applicable Administrative Law, Also Comprising the Study of Administration], 10th ed. (Heidelberg: C.F. Müller, 2022), at margin notes 501 and 502. the precise delimitations of "administration" as a concept, however, are in contention. Administrative law defines all aspects of public administration in the modern German state, whose legal culture emphasizes private persons' subjective rights (also, pursuant to art. 19 of the current German Constitution of 1949, such rights must be fully justiciable). The final say on the interpretation of the law lies with the courts of administrative jurisdiction (), and the law usually permits close judicial scrutiny of public authorities' exercise of discretion.M. Jestaedt, "Maßstäbe des Verwaltungshandelns" [Yardsticks of Administrative Action] in D. Ehlers; H. Pünder (eds.), Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht [Generally Applicable Administrative Law], 16th ed. (Heidelberg: C.F. Müller, 2022), § 22, passim.
Germany In Germany, administrative law () includes all law that specifically governs the legal relationships between public authorities and private persons, and that is not more precisely described as constitutional law. It sets out the tasks, aims and powers, as well as the organization and procedure, for all public authorities (). As a field of legal s.tudy, administrative law has been differentiated from other branches of public law since the late 19th century in Germany;H. P. Bull and V. Mehde, Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht mit Verwaltungslehre [Generally Applicable Administrative Law, Also Comprising the Study of Administration], 10th ed. (Heidelberg: C.F. Müller, 2022), at margin notes 501 and 502. the precise delimitations of "administration" as a concept, however, are in contention. Administrative law defines all aspects of public administration in the modern German state, whose legal culture emphasizes private persons' subjective rights (also, pursuant to art. 19 of the current German Constitution of 1949, such rights must be fully justiciable). The final say on the interpretation of the law lies with the courts of administrative jurisdiction (), and the law usually permits close judicial scrutiny of public authorities' exercise of discretion.M. Jestaedt, "Maßstäbe des Verwaltungshandelns" [Yardsticks of Administrative Action] in D Ehlers; H. Pünder (eds.), Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht [Generally Applicable Administrative Law], 16th ed. (Heidelberg: C.F. Müller, 2022), § 22, passim.