Morphology thumb|Rubaksa tufa plug in Ethiopia The karstification of a landscape may result in a variety of large- or small-scale features both on the surface and beneath. On exposed surfaces, small features may include solution flutes (or rillenkarren), runnels, limestone pavement (clints and grikes), kamenitzas collectively called karren or lapiez. Medium-sized surface features may include sinkholes or cenotes (closed basins), vertical shafts, foibe (inverted funnel shaped sinkholes), disappearing streams, and reappearing springs.
Morphology thumb|Rubaksa tufa plug in Ethiopia The karstification of a landscape may result in a variety of large- or small-scale features both on the surface and beneath On exposed surfaces small features may include solution flutes (or rillenkarren) runnels limestone pavement (clints and grikes) kamenitzas collectively called karren or lapiez Medium-sized surface features may include sinkholes or cenotes (closed basins) vertical shafts foibe (inverted funnel shaped sinkholes) disappearing streams and reappearing springs