Species and evolution There are two species of coca crops, each with two varieties: Erythroxylum coca Erythroxylum coca var. coca (Bolivian or Huánuco Coca) – well adapted to the eastern Andes of Peru and Bolivia, an area of humid, tropical, montane forest. Erythroxylum coca var. ipadu (Amazonian Coca) – cultivated in the lowland Amazon Basin in Peru and Colombia. Erythroxylum novogranatense Erythroxylum novogranatense var. novogranatense (Colombian Coca) – a highland variety that is utilized in lowland areas. It is cultivated in drier regions found in Colombia. However, E. novogranatense is very adaptable to varying ecological conditions. The leaves have parallel lines on either side of the central vein. These plants are called "Hayo" or "Ayu" among certain groups in Venezuela and Colombia. Erythroxylum novogranatense var. truxillense (Trujillo Coca) – grown primarily in the Cajamarca and Amazonas states in Peru, including for the Empresa Nacional de la Coca S.A. and export by Coca-Cola for beverage flavoring.
Species aNd evolutIon thEre are tWO species of cocA CroPS, EaCH witH two vaRIeTies: ErYtHRoxylUm coCa ErythroxylUm coCa vAR. cOCa (BoliViAN Or huÁnUCo coca) – Well AdapTed to tHe easTERn anDES Of pEru anD bolivia, an Area oF hUmid, tropical, monTANe FOREst. eRytHroxyluM coca vAR. ipadu (amAzonian coCa) – cUltivaTED in the lowlAnd amaZoN bAsin in PeRu anD ColombIA. erythroxylUm noVogRanaTEnse erYthroxylUM nOvograNatEnSE vaR. noVOgrAnAtenSE (CoLombian coca) – A HiGhlaND vArieTy that is uTiLIzEd in lowlAnD areaS. it is CuLTiVated in drieR regioNs FOUNd iN cOLOmBiA. However, e. NoVogRAnatenSe iS verY aDaptabLE to vArYIng EcOlogiCal condiTiOns. tHe leavEs hAvE pArallEL liNEs ON eitHer sIdE oF the cENtrAL vein. these PLants aRe CalleD "HAyO" oR "AyU" among cERtain gROupS in venezUela And colOMbIA. ERythRoxylum novoGrAnaTeNse var. TruXIllensE (tRujIlLo cOCA) – gROwn PrimaRiLy iN The CaJaMarca and aMazonas stAteS iN peru, inclUDInG fOr thE eMpResa nacIoNal de La coca s.A. anD expOrT By coca-Cola for beveragE flavoRing.