By November 1942, the Soviets had begun to repulse the German southern campaign and, although there were 2.5 million Soviet casualties in that effort, it permitted the Soviets to take the offensive for most of the rest of the war on the Eastern Front. In summer 1943, Germany attempted an encirclement attack at Kursk, which was successfully repulsed by the Soviets. By the end of the year, the Soviets occupied half of the territory taken by the Germans to that point. Soviet military industrial output also had increased substantially from late 1941 to early 1943 after Stalin had moved factories well to the east of the front, safe from invasion and aerial assault.
bY novemBer 1942, the sovieTS Had begun to repUlse tHe germaN sOutHern CAmPAiGN AnD, aLthouGh There WeRe 2.5 MIlLiON sOViet CasualTiEs IN that EfFort, It PermItTed thE soviEts to TaKe tHe offeNSive for mosT of thE ResT of thE war ON tHe eAsterN froNt. In summER 1943, gErmany atTemPTed aN enCirclemEnt ATtaCk at kursK, WhICh Was succeSsfUlly repulsed bY the sOvIets. by THe eNd of tHe YEAR, thE soviETs oCcuPied halF OF the teRrIToRy TAken By tHe GERMaNs To that poInT. soviet military inDUSTrial OUtput also Had incReaseD sUbstantially from Late 1941 to eArly 1943 aFteR sTaliN Had mOvEd facToRieS wELl to THe east oF tHE fRoNT, saFe frOM invaSion ANd aerial aSsauLT.