Remarkable advancements have been and are continuing to be made in recent years in our understanding of synthetic biology in terms of endocrine and paracrine signaling mechanisms, and the myriad of modes by which bacteria record domestic and foreign cell numbers. The modulation of gene expression in response to oscillations in cell-population density is thanks to the QS techniques regulating bacterial communication natural and artificial cultures. It is also clear that intra- and inter-species cell–cell communication occurs and is regulated by quorum sensing systems. Further, there is mounting data demonstrating that autoinducer signals elicit specific responses from eukaryotic hosts.
REmarKablE advaNCeMeNts haVe been and are continUinG to be made In recent yeARS in Our UNdersTANDing Of syntHetIC biOlogy iN tErms of endOcRIne and parACRine sigNaling mecHaNisms, aNd THe MyRIad of modes By Which bacteRia reCord doMesTiC and Foreign celL NumbeRs. the ModULatioN of gEne exPrEsSion In responsE to OScILlaTIOns In celL-pOPulaTiOn deNsitY is ThanKs tO the qs TeChNiqUes regULATing bacteRiaL cOMmunicatIon nAtURal and artifICIaL cultuRes. it is ALso cleAr THat InTra- And intEr-species cell–celL comMUNiCatiOn OCCuRS and is ReguLatED By QuoRum sEnsING systEmS. fURtHer, There Is MOUntiNg data deMonsTrating thAT AuTOinducer sIgnals eliCit speCifIc rEsponseS fROm eUkaRyotic hOsts.