Early historical attestation The earliest separate Turkic peoples, such as the Gekun (鬲昆) and Xinli (薪犁), appeared on the peripheries of the late Xiongnu confederation about 200 BCESima Qian Records of the Grand Historian Vol. 110 "後北服渾庾、屈射、丁零、鬲昆、薪犁之國。於是匈奴貴人大臣皆服，以冒頓單于爲賢。" tr. "Later [he went] north [and] subjugated the nations of Hunyu, Qushe, Dingling, Gekun, and Xinli. Therefore, the Xiongnu nobles and dignitaries all admired [and] regarded Modun chanyu as capable" (contemporaneous with the Chinese Han dynasty)Findley (2005), p. 29. and later among the Turkic-speaking TieleSuishu, vol. 84 as Hegu (紇骨)Pulleyblank, E. G. "The Name of the Kirghiz." Central Asiatic Journal 34, no. 1/2 (1990). p. 99 and Xue (薛).
early historical attestation the earliest separate turkic peoples such as the gekun (鬲昆) and xinli (薪犁) appeared on the peripheries of the late xiongnu confederation about 200 bcesima qian records of the grand historian vol 110 "後北服渾庾、屈射、丁零、鬲昆、薪犁之國。於是匈奴貴人大臣皆服，以冒頓單于爲賢。" tr "later [he went] north [and] subjugated the nations of hunyu qushe dingling gekun and xinli therefore the xiongnu nobles and dignitaries all admired [and] regarded modun chanyu as capable" (contemporaneous with the chinese han dynasty)findley (2005) p 29 and later among the turkic-speaking tielesuishu vol 84 as hegu (紇骨)pulleyblank e g "the name of the kirghiz" central asiatic journal 34 no 1/2 (1990) p 99 and xue (薛)