War and revolution against Napoleon's occupation led to the Spanish Constitution of 1812, promulgated by the Cortes of Cádiz, later a cornerstone of European liberalism. Though victorious in war, the burden of war destroyed the social and economic fabric of both Portugal and Spain; and the following civil wars between liberal and absolutist factions ushered in revolts in Spanish America and the beginning of an era of social turbulence, increased political instability, and economic stagnation.
war and revolution against napoleon's occupation led to the spanish constitution of 1812 promulgated by the cortes of cádiz later a cornerstone of european liberalism though victorious in war the burden of war destroyed the social and economic fabric of both portugal and spain; and the following civil wars between liberal and absolutist factions ushered in revolts in spanish america and the beginning of an era of social turbulence increased political instability and economic stagnation