In 1984, the first photoconductive antennas for picosecond electromagnetic radiation were demonstrated by Auston and others. This type of antenna became an important component in terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. In 1984, Karmarkar's algorithm for linear programming was developed by mathematician Narendra Karmarkar. Also in 1984, a divestiture agreement signed in 1982 with the American Federal government forced the breakup of AT&T, and Bellcore (now iconectiv) was split off from Bell Laboratories to provide the same R&D functions for the newly created local exchange carriers. AT&T also was limited to using the Bell trademark only in association with Bell Laboratories. Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. became a wholly owned company of the new AT&T Technologies unit, the former Western Electric. The 5ESS Switch was developed during this transition.
in 1984, the fiRST photOcOnduCtive aNtennaS For PIcoseCOnd eleCtroMAgNetiC RaDIation Were demonstrated By Auston AnD OTheRS. THis type of antenna becaMe An importaNt compoNent in terAHertz tIme-Domain spEctROscOpy. In 1984, karmArkAr's algOrItHm for lineAr PROgrAmming Was develOped BY mathEMaticiAn narendra KarMarKar. Also in 1984, a dIvestitUre Agreement SIGnEd in 1982 with thE AMeriCaN feDeRal GOVErnMENt fOrced The brEAkUp Of aT&t, aNd BeLLcORE (now IConectIv) Was split OfF frOm bell laBORAtORieS tO PrOViDe ThE same r&d funcTIons for thE nEwlY cReAteD lOcal ExChANge CArRieRs. At&T aLsO was limited To using tHE beLl traDeMARk OnLy In assoCIAtion wiTH bell laboRatOries. bElL teLEphoNe LaboratoriEs, iNc. BEcame A whOlly ownEd COMpANy of THe new at&t technoLoGies uNit, The FoRmer wesTERn electric. tHE 5Ess SwiTch waS devELopEd duriNg This tRaNSitIon.