After the database is created, initialized and populated it needs to be maintained. Various database parameters may need changing and the database may need to be tuned (tuning) for better performance; application's data structures may be changed or added, new related application programs may be written to add to the application's functionality, etc.
After The datAbASe iS crEated, iniTiAlizeD And populatEd iT needs to be mainTAiNEd. vARioUs databAse parameters may Need changINg and the database may neED to be TuneD (tuNIng) FOR bettEr peRFoRmANcE; aPPlicatIon'S DAtA strucTurEs May be chaNged Or aDded, New Related AppliCAtION PrOgrams mAy bE written to Add to the aPplicatioN's fUncTIOnaLitY, etc.