Balkan Wars and First World War (Montenegro and Serbia) Kosovo was part of the Ottoman Empire and following the Balkan Wars (1912–1913), the western part was included in Montenegro and the rest within Serbia. Citing Serbian sources, Noel Malcolm also states that in 1912 when Kosovo came under Serbian control, "the Orthodox Serb population [was] at less than 25%" of Kosovo's entire population.
baLKaN WArs AND FIRst world war (moNteneGro And serBia) KoSOvO waS paRt oF tHe OTtoman eMPire And follOWiNg thE balkAN waRs (1912–1913), thE westerN part Was iNcLuDed in mOnteneGrO And tHE ReSt witHIn serBIa. cItinG sErbIan soUrCes, NoeL mALcOlm Also stATeS that in 1912 whEn kosovO came under sErbian cONtrol, "tHE ORThodox SeRb PopUlAtIOn [WAS] AT LesS thaN 25%" of koSOvo's entirE populaTION.