Outside Europe In the Ottoman Empire, the Sultan wielded absolute power over the state and was considered a Padishah meaning "Great King" by his people. Many sultans wielded absolute power through heavenly mandates reflected in their titles, such as "Shadow of God on Earth". In ancient Mesopotamia, many rulers of Assyria, Babylonia and Sumer were absolute monarchs as well.
outside europe in the ottoman empire the sultan wielded absolute power over the state and was considered a padishah meaning "great king" by his people many sultans wielded absolute power through heavenly mandates reflected in their titles such as "shadow of god on earth" in ancient mesopotamia many rulers of assyria babylonia and sumer were absolute monarchs as well