Beam's student Edward Greydon Pickels solved the problem in 1935 by vacuumizing the system, which allowed a reduction in friction generated at high speeds. Vacuum systems also enabled the maintenance of constant temperature across the sample, eliminating convection currents that interfered with the interpretation of sedimentation results.Elzen B. Vacuum ultracentrifuge. In: Encyclopedia of 20th-Century Technology, Colin Hempstead & William Worthington, eds. Routledge, 2005. p. 868.
Beam's student Edward Greydon Pickels solved the problem in 1935 by vacuumizing the system which allowed a reduction in friction generated at high speeds Vacuum systems also enabled the maintenance of constant temperature across the sample eliminating convection currents that interfered with the interpretation of sedimentation resultsElzen B Vacuum ultracentrifuge In Encyclopedia of 20th-Century Technology Colin Hempstead & William Worthington eds Routledge 2005 p 868