Evidence for the existence of quarks comes from deep inelastic scattering: firing electrons at nuclei to determine the distribution of charge within nucleons (which are baryons). If the charge is uniform, the electric field around the proton should be uniform and the electron should scatter elastically. Low-energy electrons do scatter in this way, but, above a particular energy, the protons deflect some electrons through large angles. The recoiling electron has much less energy and a jet of particles is emitted. This inelastic scattering suggests that the charge in the proton is not uniform but split among smaller charged particles: quarks.
evidence for the existence of quarks comes from deep inelastic scattering firing electrons at nuclei to determine the distribution of charge within nucleons (which are baryons) if the charge is uniform the electric field around the proton should be uniform and the electron should scatter elastically low-energy electrons do scatter in this way but above a particular energy the protons deflect some electrons through large angles the recoiling electron has much less energy and a jet of particles is emitted this inelastic scattering suggests that the charge in the proton is not uniform but split among smaller charged particles quarks