The theoretical foundations are summarized by thermodynamics. When biological systems are modeled as physical systems, in the most general abstraction, they are thermodynamic open systems that exhibit self-organised behavior, and the set/subset relations between dissipative structures can be characterized in a hierarchy.
The theoretical foundations are summarized by thermodynamics When biological systems are modeled as physical systems in the most general abstraction, they are thermodynamic open systems that exhibit self-organised behavior and the, set/subset relations between dissi,pative structures can be characterized in a hierarchy.