Opposition to Ghica's arbitrary and highly conservative rule, together with the rise of liberal and radical currents, was first felt with the protests voiced by Ion Câmpineanu (quickly repressed);Djuvara, p. 329; Giurescu, p. 134 subsequently, it became increasingly conspiratorial, and centered on those secret societies created by young officers such as Nicolae Bălcescu and Mitică Filipescu.Djuvara, p. 330; Giurescu, pp. 132–133 Frăția, a clandestine movement created in 1843, began planning a revolution to overthrow Bibescu and repeal Regulamentul Organic in 1848 (inspired by the European rebellions of the same year). Their pan-Wallachian coup d'état was initially successful only near Turnu Măgurele, where crowds cheered the Islaz Proclamation (9 June); among others, the document called for political freedoms, independence, land reform, and the creation of a national guard.Djuvara, p. 331; Giurescu, pp. 133–134 On 11–12 June the movement was successful in deposing Bibescu and establishing a Provisional Government,Djuvara, p. 331; Giurescu, pp. 136–137 which made Dreptate, Frăție ("Justice, Brotherhood") the national motto. Although sympathetic to the anti-Russian goals of the revolution, the Ottomans were pressured by Russia into repressing it: Ottoman troops entered Bucharest on 13 September. Russian and Turkish troops, present until 1851, brought Barbu Dimitrie Știrbei to the throne, during which interval most participants in the revolution were sent into exile.
Opposition to Ghica's arbitrary and highly conservative rule together with the rise of liberal and radical currents was first felt with the protests voiced by Ion Câmpineanu (quickly repressed);Djuvara p 329; Giurescu p 134 subsequently it became increasingly conspiratorial and centered on those secret societies created by young officers such as Nicolae Bălcescu and Mitică FilipescuDjuvara p 330; Giurescu pp 132–133 Frăția a clandestine movement created in 1843 began planning a revolution to overthrow Bibescu and repeal Regulamentul Organic in 1848 (inspired by the European rebellions of the same year) Their pan-Wallachian coup d'état was initially successful only near Turnu Măgurele where crowds cheered the Islaz Proclamation (9 June); among others the document called for political freedoms independence land reform and the creation of a national guardDjuvara p 331; Giurescu pp 133–134 On 11–12 June the movement was successful in deposing Bibescu and establishing a Provisional GovernmentDjuvara p 331; Giurescu pp 136–137 which made Dreptate Frăție ("Justice Brotherhood") the national motto Although sympathetic to the anti-Russian goals of the revolution the Ottomans were pressured by Russia into repressing it Ottoman troops entered Bucharest on 13 September Russian and Turkish troops present until 1851 brought Barbu Dimitrie Știrbei to the throne during which interval most participants in the revolution were sent into exile