thumb|The burning of a 16th-century Dutch Anabaptist, Anneken Hendriks, who was charged with heresy The Spanish Inquisition was established in 1478, with the aim of preserving Catholic orthodoxy; some of its principal targets were "Marranos", formally converted Jews thought to have relapsed into Judaism, or the Moriscos, formally converted Muslims thought to have relapsed into Islam. The public executions of the Spanish Inquisition were called autos-da-fé; convicts were "released" (handed over) to secular authorities in order to be burnt.
thumb|The burning of a 16th-century Dutch Anabaptist Anneken Hendriks who was charged with heresy The Spanish Inquisition was established in 1478 with the aim of preserving Catholic orthodoxy; some of its principal targets were "Marranos" formally converted Jews thought to have relapsed into Judaism or the Moriscos formally converted Muslims thought to have relapsed into Islam The public executions of the Spanish Inquisition were called autos-da-fé; convicts were "released" (handed over) to secular authorities in order to be burnt