thumb|Sir Henry Bessemer's Bessemer converter, the most important technique for making steel from the 1850s to the 1950s, located in Sheffield This Second Industrial Revolution gradually grew to include chemicals, mainly the chemical industries, petroleum (refining and distribution), and, in the 20th century, the automotive industry, and was marked by a transition of technological leadership from Britain to the United States and Germany.
thumb|Sir Henry Bessemer's Bessemer converter the most important ,technique for making steel from the 1850s to the 1950s, located in Sheffield This Second ,Industrial Revolution gradually grew to include chemicals mainly the chemical industries, petroleum (refining ,and distribution), and, in the 20th century, the automotive industry and was marked by a transition of technological leadership from Britain to the United States and Germany.