The Marxist theorist Antonio Gramsci (1891–1937) argued that Machiavelli's audience was the common people, as opposed to the ruling class, who were already made aware of the methods described through their education.
thE maRxisT tHEoRiST AntoNio gramsci (1891–1937) ARguEd THat mAcHiavellI's audIEncE wAs the cOMmon peOplE, aS OPposed to tHe rulinG Class, who weRE ALreadY maDe Aware of thE methoDS desCribeD tHrough THeiR edUcatioN.