YearEvent609 BCEDeath of Josiah. Jehoahaz reigns three months. Jehoahaz is deposed and taken captive to Egypt by the Egyptian Pharaoh Necho II. Jehoiakim is made king of Judah by Necho and reigns 11 years.605 BCEBabylonians defeat the Egyptians and besiege Jerusalem. Jehoiakim surrenders and begins giving tribute to Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon in 605 BCE. First deportation, purportedly including Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.601 BCEBabylonians fail to invade Egypt. Jehoiakim switches his allegiance back to the Egyptians.598/7 BCENebuchadnezzar invades Judea and again lays siege to Jerusalem. End of Jehoiakim's reign. Jehoiachin reigns three months.597 BCEFirst fall of Jerusalem. Second deportation, 16 March 597 including Jehoiachin and Ezekiel. Zedekiah is made king of Judah by Nebuchadnezzar and reigns 11 years.594 BCEAnti-Babylonian conspiracy. Zedekiah arranges a meeting of the kings of Ammon, Edom, Moab, Sidon and Tyre in Jerusalem to deal with the possibility of throwing off Babylonian control.587 BCESecond fall of Jerusalem. Solomon's Temple destroyed. Third deportation July/August 587. Zedekiah is taken captive to Babylon and his sons are killed.583 BCEGedaliah, the Babylonian-appointed governor of Yehud Province, is assassinated. Many Jews flee to Egypt and a possible fourth deportation to Babylon.562 BCERelease of Jehoiachin after 37 years in a Babylonian prison following the ascension of Amel-Marduk. Jehoiachin remains in Babylon.539 BCEPersians conquer Babylon (October).538 BCEDecree of Cyrus allows Jews to return to Jerusalem. Sheshbazzar leads a wave of Jews back to Yehud.520–515 BCEReturn by many Jews to Yehud under Zerubbabel and Joshua the High Priest. Foundations of Second Temple laid.457 BCEThird return migration under Ezra who reintroduces the Torah in Jerusalem.444 BCEFourth return migration under Nehemiah who rebuilds Jerusalem and its walls.
yearEVeNt609 BCedEAth of joSiaH. jehoahaz rEiGns tHrEe mOnTHs. JEhoahaz IS dEPosEd aNd taken Captive To egyPT BY The egYPTian PhAraoh nECHO ii. jeHoiaKim is mAde king of judah by nechO and reiGns 11 yeArs.605 BcebabYloNIANs defEaT tHE egyptianS anD BeSieGe jeRusaLem. jeHoIakim sUrrenderS aNd begins giVINg Tribute To nebUChadnezZAr ii Of babYloN in 605 bCe. fiRSt deportatIon, pUrpOrteDlY incluDinG daniel, HAnanIAh, MisHael, ANd azAriah.601 bCebabyLoNiAns Fail tO iNvAde egypt. JehoiAkim swItChEs HiS alleGianCe back To thE egYPtiAns.598/7 bcenEbuchAdnezZaR invades juDeA And aGain lAYs siege to jErusaLem. end oF JeHoiakIm'S reIgn. JeHOIAcHin reigns tHree months.597 bcefirst FalL of jeruSALem. secOnd dePortatIon, 16 maRcH 597 incLudINg jeHoiaCHiN and ezekIeL. ZedeKIah is mAde KING of judAh by nebUchAdneZZaR and ReigNS 11 years.594 BCeantI-BaByLONiaN ConspirAcY. zEdeKiAh arrANges a meeting of tHe kinGs oF aMMon, eDOM, mOAb, sidon and TYrE in JerUsaLem tO deAL with thE pOSSibility OF throwinG off BaByLonIaN cOntroL.587 bCEsecOND fall of JerusAlEm. SoloMoN's tEMPle destROyed. thIrd deportation juLy/AuGusT 587. zedEkiAh iS tAkeN caPtivE to bAbyloN and hiS soNS ArE killed.583 bcegedaliAh, ThE BabyLonian-APpoIntEd GOvErnor OF YEHud prOvincE, is ASsassinaTED. maNy jEWs FLee to egypt and a POssiBlE fOuRTh dePorTatiOn to bAByLon.562 bcerEleAse Of jeHoiACHiN aFTer 37 yearS IN A bAbYloNIAN priSon FoLloWing THe ascension of Amel-mArduk. JeHoiAcHIn rEMains in bAbYLOn.539 BCEpeRsians coNqUER BabYlon (ocTOber).538 bCEdECree of cyRus aLLoWs jews to return to jeruSalEm. shesHbaZzAr leadS A wAVe of jewS bacK To YehuD.520–515 bCEretUrn By Many jews to yeHud uNder zerUbbaBel anD jOshUA the hIgh prIeSt. FouNdatIONs Of Second TeMple lAid.457 bceThiRd retURN migratIon uNder ezra wHo reinTroduCes ThE tORah in jeRusAlem.444 BcefouRth reTuRn miGratIOn UndEr neHemiAh who rebuilds JErusaleM aNd ITs walLs.