23. A method for enhancing information search queries for information retrieval by computer, comprising the steps of: establishing during system development of a plurality of term usage subject areas (TUSAs) wherein each TUSA comprises a predetermined subject area; identifying a corpus of documents, messages, expositions, or communications exemplifying patterns of term usage specific to each TUSA wherein the corpus for each TUSA includes documents, messages, expositions, or communications disparate from information search queries; analyzing documents, messages, expositions, or communications within each corpus of each TUSA to extract term co-occurrence and usage patterns; receiving an information search query wherein the information search query includes one or more search terms; prior preparation during system development of means, for each TUSA, to suggest, in lists of single terms or multiple term phrases, ranked by relevance to the information search query, alternative or additive terms corresponding to terms of the information search query based on the term co-occurrence and usage patterns extracted through the analysis of the documents, messages, expositions, or communications within the corpus of the TUSA; establishing a primary TUSA from the information search query; establishing alternative TUSAs for the information search query, ranking the primary TUSA and the alternative TUSAs by degree of match to the information search query, and providing an option to switch among the primary TUSA and the alternative TUSAs; requiring that a TUSA for the information search query be passively accepted or actively selected from the primary TUSA and the alternative TUSAs to establish a selected TUSA; locating and presenting statistically significant additional terms or query phrases based on the term co-occurrence and usage patterns extracted through the analysis of the documents, messages, expositions, or communications within the corpus of the selected TUSA, specific for the information search query and the selected TUSA, for the purpose of query refinement, wherein the additional terms or query phrases are ranked by specificity and relevance to the information search query and the selected TUSA; permitting a selection and de-selection of alternative or additional query terms by a simplified executive action that does not require typing individual characters; providing a mechanism to combine the alternative or additional query terms selected by the user with the information search query to create a new, enhanced information search query; and providing means to submit the new, enhanced information search query to a search engine to generate and view information search query results.
23. A method for enhancing information search queries for information retrieval by computer, comprising the steps of: establishing during system development of a plurality of term usage subject areas (TUSAs) wherein each TUSA comprises a predetermined subject area; identifying a corpus of documents, messages, expositions, or communications exemplifying patterns of term usage specific to each TUSA wherein the corpus for each TUSA includes documents, messages, expositions, or communications disparate from information search queries; analyzing documents, messages, expositions, or communications within each corpus of each TUSA to extract term co-occurrence and usage patterns; receiving an information search query wherein the information search query includes one or more search terms; prior preparation during system development of means, for each TUSA, to suggest, in lists of single terms or multiple term phrases, ranked by relevance to the information search query, alternative or additive terms corresponding to terms of the information search query based on the term co-occurrence and usage patterns extracted through the analysis of the documents, messages, expositions, or communications within the corpus of the TUSA; establishing a primary TUSA from the information search query; establishing alternative TUSAs for the information search query, ranking the primary TUSA and the alternative TUSAs by degree of match to the information search query, and providing an option to switch among the primary TUSA and the alternative TUSAs; requiring that a TUSA for the information search query be passively accepted or actively selected from the primary TUSA and the alternative TUSAs to establish a selected TUSA; locating and presenting statistically significant additional terms or query phrases based on the term co-occurrence and usage patterns extracted through the analysis of the documents, messages, expositions, or communications within the corpus of the selected TUSA, specific for the information search query and the selected TUSA, for the purpose of query refinement, wherein the additional terms or query phrases are ranked by specificity and relevance to the information search query and the selected TUSA; permitting a selection and de-selection of alternative or additional query terms by a simplified executive action that does not require typing individual characters; providing a mechanism to combine the alternative or additional query terms selected by the user with the information search query to create a new, enhanced information search query; and providing means to submit the new, enhanced information search query to a search engine to generate and view information search query results. 26. A method for enhancing information search queries for information retrieval by computer in claim 23 , further comprising the step of: providing means for finding general, survey, tutorial, and summary material automatically derived by an automatic addition to the query of located alternative or additional query terms or phrases within the primary TUSA.