14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising determination of the probability of each particular transliteration variant associated with the given step and no more than “m” characters long, wherein said probability is determined by finding the occurrence frequency of the corresponding chain, while for each particular variant that is longer than “m” characters and is associated with the given step, its probability is determined by multiplying the occurrence frequencies of those involved said chains “m” characters long which belong to the given particular transliteration variant with overlapping upon shifting each subsequent chain “m” characters long by one character from the beginning of the given particular transliteration variant; if any of the chains is missing, the variant is discarded.
14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising determination of the probability of each particular transliteration variant associated with the given step and no more than “m” characters long, wherein said probability is determined by finding the occurrence frequency of the corresponding chain, while for each particular variant that is longer than “m” characters and is associated with the given step, its probability is determined by multiplying the occurrence frequencies of those involved said chains “m” characters long which belong to the given particular transliteration variant with overlapping upon shifting each subsequent chain “m” characters long by one character from the beginning of the given particular transliteration variant; if any of the chains is missing, the variant is discarded. 16. The method of claim 14 , wherein if no variant of transliteration in the second language is found upon completing the analysis for the record in the first language being analyzed, the said stepwise analysis of signals is repeated from the beginning to the end of the said saved signal sequence, and if this particular transliteration variant associated with the given step does not match any starting segment of some word in the second language, this transliteration variant is assigned a tentative occurrence frequency equal to a small preset value.