9. A speech recognition synthesis based encoding/decoding method comprising the steps of: recognizing phonetic segments, syllables or words as character information from an input speech signal; detecting pitch periods and durations of said phonetic segments or syllables, as first prosody information, from said input speech signal; encoding said character information and said first prosody information to obtain code data; transferring or storing said code data; decoding said transferred or stored code data to said character information and said first prosody information; selecting a synthesis unit codebook from a plurality of synthesis unit codebooks in accordance with one of said first prosody information and a specified type of a synthesized speech, the plurality of synthesis unit codebooks storing second prosody information prepared from speech data of different speakers, the selecting step including computing error between the first prosody information and the second prosody information and selecting from said synthesis unit codebooks a synthesis unit codebook which minimizes the error; and synthesizing a speech signal using said character information and the selected synthesis unit codebook.
9. A speech recognition synthesis based encoding/decoding method comprising the steps of: recognizing phonetic segments, syllables or words as character information from an input speech signal; detecting pitch periods and durations of said phonetic segments or syllables, as first prosody information, from said input speech signal; encoding said character information and said first prosody information to obtain code data; transferring or storing said code data; decoding said transferred or stored code data to said character information and said first prosody information; selecting a synthesis unit codebook from a plurality of synthesis unit codebooks in accordance with one of said first prosody information and a specified type of a synthesized speech, the plurality of synthesis unit codebooks storing second prosody information prepared from speech data of different speakers, the selecting step including computing error between the first prosody information and the second prosody information and selecting from said synthesis unit codebooks a synthesis unit codebook which minimizes the error; and synthesizing a speech signal using said character information and the selected synthesis unit codebook. 14. The speech recognition synthesis based encoding/decoding method according to claim 9, wherein said recognizing step includes dividing said input speech signal into analysis frames, acquiring a feature vector for each of the analysis frames, and computing an incidence of the feature vector relative to HMM (Hidden Markov Model) previously prepared for each phonetic segment to determine a phonetic segment of each of the analysis frames which is used to recognize the character information.