1. A system for dynamic task selection (executive control) suitable for mapping external inputs and internal goals toward actions that solve problems or elicit external rewards, the system comprising a processor, an input coupled with the processor for receiving a plurality of inputs to be processed into a motor-schema, and a memory coupled with the processor, wherein the memory includes instruction means that are executable by the processor for causing the processor to perform operations of: receiving sensory inputs; transforming the sensory inputs into clusters of spatial patterns; transforming the clusters of spatial patterns into a spatial schema; encoding transitions between the spatial schema; clustering the spatial schema and encoded spatial schema transitions into a spatio-temporal schema; combining the spatial schema with the spatio-temporal schema to create a bimodal spatio-temporal schema; receiving a reward input and a punishment input, wherein the reward input and the punishment input reflect a current state of an external environment; computing an emotional state and a motivational state from the sensory inputs, the reward input, and the punishment input; combining the bimodal spatio-temporal schema with the reward input, the punishment input, the emotional state, and the motivational state to create an external/internal schema (EXIN schema), wherein the EXIN schema provides a compressed representation assessing emotions, motivations, and rewards; combining the EXIN schema with the bimodal spatio-temporal schema to create a multimodal spatio-temporal schema, wherein the multimodal spatio-temporal schema serves as an episodic memory that can be replayed by the system; receiving structures representing a plurality of elements of a motor system; and combining the multimodal spatio-temporal schema with the motor system structures and the EXIN schema to create a motor schema.
1. A system for dynamic task selection (executive control) suitable for mapping external inputs and internal goals toward actions that solve problems or elicit external rewards, the system comprising a processor, an input coupled with the processor for receiving a plurality of inputs to be processed into a motor-schema, and a memory coupled with the processor, wherein the memory includes instruction means that are executable by the processor for causing the processor to perform operations of: receiving sensory inputs; transforming the sensory inputs into clusters of spatial patterns; transforming the clusters of spatial patterns into a spatial schema; encoding transitions between the spatial schema; clustering the spatial schema and encoded spatial schema transitions into a spatio-temporal schema; combining the spatial schema with the spatio-temporal schema to create a bimodal spatio-temporal schema; receiving a reward input and a punishment input, wherein the reward input and the punishment input reflect a current state of an external environment; computing an emotional state and a motivational state from the sensory inputs, the reward input, and the punishment input; combining the bimodal spatio-temporal schema with the reward input, the punishment input, the emotional state, and the motivational state to create an external/internal schema (EXIN schema), wherein the EXIN schema provides a compressed representation assessing emotions, motivations, and rewards; combining the EXIN schema with the bimodal spatio-temporal schema to create a multimodal spatio-temporal schema, wherein the multimodal spatio-temporal schema serves as an episodic memory that can be replayed by the system; receiving structures representing a plurality of elements of a motor system; and combining the multimodal spatio-temporal schema with the motor system structures and the EXIN schema to create a motor schema. 11. A system for dynamic task selection as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises an agent to be trained to perform dynamic task selection, an instructor for providing a task to the agent to perform, and a data base of motor schemas that fulfill a plurality of tasks to be selected by the instructor, and wherein the processor further performs the operations of: receiving from the instructor a desired task to be performed by the agent; selecting from the data base a desired motor schema that fulfills the desired task received from the instructor; executing the motor schema created by the system; comparing a difference measurement between the executed motor schema and the desired motor schema; computing a progress measurement of the agent from the reward input and the schema difference measurement, wherein the progress measurement increases as the executed motor schema gets closer to the desired motor schema and closer to achieving the desired task, and wherein the progress measurement decreases as the executed motor schema gets farther away from the desired motor schema; generating a reward signal when the progress measurement increases, indicating that the agent is closer to achieve the desired task; keeping a count of number of reward signals generated by the system to compute reward frequency associated with the created motor schema; generating a punishment signal when the progress measurement decreases, indicating that the agent is not achieving the desired task; keeping a count of number of punishment signals generated by the system; and feeding back the reward signal and punishment signal to be inputted into the system as reward input and punishment input, respectively.