8. Method according to one of claims 6 or 7 , wherein said semantic and spatial similarity score is a standardized value between 0 and 1, defined as the average for each path of the proximity ratio reduced by the product of the value of the penalty and the number of other defined characteristics of said concept and increased by the maximum penalty, product of the depth of said hierarchy of said concepts and the value of the penalty.
8. Method according to one of claims 6 or 7 , wherein said semantic and spatial similarity score is a standardized value between 0 and 1, defined as the average for each path of the proximity ratio reduced by the product of the value of the penalty and the number of other defined characteristics of said concept and increased by the maximum penalty, product of the depth of said hierarchy of said concepts and the value of the penalty. 12. Computer program medium comprising a series of instructions stored on a storage medium for execution by a computer or by a system for consulting an ontology scored in hierarchically numbered trellis form, wherein said program, on its execution, executes the calculation and encoding of a semantic and spatial similarity score by convergence relative to their common semantic characteristics, respectively by separation according to their distance for each concept with respect to a central concept, taken two-by-two, according to claim 8 .