1. A computer-implemented method comprising: obtaining (i) a view hierarchy that is of a user interface and that includes textual representations, location data, and properties of text-based and non-text-based viewable elements in the user interface and of a particular viewable element in the user interface, and (ii) a transcription of a speech input that was spoken while the user interface was displayed; determining that the transcription of the speech input matches text that is associated with the particular viewable element (i) that is included in the view hierarchy that includes textual representations, location data, and properties of text-based and non-text-based viewable elements in the user interface and of the particular viewable element in the user interface and (ii) that was displayed when the speech input was spoken; and in response to determining that the transcription of the speech input matches text that is associated with the particular viewable element (i) that is included in the view hierarchy that includes textual representations, location data, and properties of text-based and non-text-based viewable elements in the user interface and of the particular viewable element in the user interface and (ii) that was displayed when the speech input was spoken, initiating an action that is associated with the particular viewable element (i) that is included in the view hierarchy that includes textual representations, location data, and properties of text-based and non-text-based viewable elements in the user interface and of the particular viewable element in the user interface and (ii) that was displayed when the speech input was spoken.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the view hierarchy that includes textual representations, location data, and properties of text-based and non-text-based viewable elements in the user interface and of the particular viewable element in the user interface further includes priority assignments for each of the text-based and non-text-based viewable elements and the particular viewable element.