24. The method of decoding according to any claim 20 , wherein in order to debinarize and decode values of the syntactic elements with a sign, decoding of a zero attribute by the unary method, or decoding of a sign attribute by the unary method, or decoding of an absolute value of the syntactic element by the unary method or the Huffman method is used, provided that said value is not equal to zero and does not exceed, in absolute value, a predefined value; or decoding of absolute values which are greater than a predefined value by the Elias gamma code method or the Golomb exponential code method is used, and a change of the sign of the decoded value in accordance with the decoded sign attribute is used to restore the sign of the current syntactic element being not equal to zero.
20. The method of decoding according to any one of claims 12 to 15 , wherein in order to debinarize at least one syntactic element, depending on the already decoded bits of the syntactic element, two or more independent methods of debinarization are used; at least two groups of context models are selected using binarized values obtained by various methods of binarization; and/or at least two groups of context models are selected by a current ordinal number of the decoded bit in a binarized string from which the current syntactic element is debinarized.