2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising annotating each keyword of the plurality of keywords with the one or more labels of the plurality of labels, wherein: each keyword comprises one or more words, describes one or more characteristics or features of a specific advertising subject matter, and has a corresponding keyword document, and each label comprises one or more words and describes one or more aspects of or one or more categories or concepts represented by a specific keyword of the plurality of keywords.
1. A computer-implemented method comprising: constructing, by one or more processors, a classifier based on a plurality of training keywords, wherein: each training keyword comprises one or more words and has a corresponding training keyword document, and constructing the classifier comprises: for each training keyword of the plurality of training keywords, annotating the training keyword with one or more labels of a plurality of labels, each label having a corresponding label document; and for each label annotating the training keyword, determining a correctness of the label; calculating a first index-wise product between a word count vector of the training keyword document corresponding to the training keyword and a word count vector of the label document corresponding to the label; and forming a pair of the correctness and the first index-wise product; and training the classifier using one or more pairs of the correctness and the first index-wise product; and for each keyword of a plurality of keywords, the keyword being annotated with one or more labels of the plurality of labels, for each label annotating the keyword, calculating a second index-wise product between a word count vector of the keyword document corresponding to the keyword and a word count vector of the label document corresponding to the label; and predicting whether the label annotating the keyword is correct using the classifier with the second index-wise product as an input to the classifier.