12. A method for encoding a significance map indicating positions of significant transform coefficients within a transform coefficient block into a data stream, the method comprising: coding first-type syntax elements and second-type syntax elements into the data stream based on context-adaptive entropy encoding, the first-type syntax elements indicating, for associated positions within the transform coefficient block, whether at each respective associated position a significant transform coefficient is situated, and each of the second-type syntax elements relates to a value of the significant transform coefficient at a respective associated position within the transform coefficient block, wherein the coding the first-type syntax elements is performed in a scan order and using contexts which are selected for the first-type syntax elements, wherein the context for a current first-type syntax element being encoded is selected in accordance with a combination of the scan order and a number of positions of the significant transform coefficients within the transform coefficient block related to previously extracted first-type syntax elements in a neighborhood the current first-type syntax element.
15. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the data stream comprises at least a portion associated with color samples.