10. A Mandarin speech input method for directly translating arbitrary sentences of a Mandarin speech input into corresponding Chinese characters, comprising: acoustic processing of the arbitrary sentences of the Mandarin speech, the acoustic processing comprising: employing "Sub-Syllable Unit Models", developed for characteristics of the Mandarin speech, and based on "Tone Models" developed for characteristics of tone of the Mandarin speech, to directly compare with the Mandarin speech input and to locate corresponding mono-syllables from a resultant "sub-syllable unit string" and a "tone string" for recognition; and linguistic decoding an output of the acoustic processing, the linguistic decoding comprising: employing "Chinese Language Models" to locate the corresponding Chinese characters for a sequence of the recognized mono-syllables, comparing base syllable string candidates and tone string candidates provided by the acoustic processing with a built-in dictionary by means of a "character and word string formation means" to locate all possible homonym characters or homonym words formed therefrom for generating a word lattice, calculating probabilities for generation of sentences, each of the sentences composed of the words in the word lattice in accordance with the "Chinese Language Models" and linguistic knowledge, and outputting the sentence with the highest probability or score, wherein: the Mandarin speech input comprises continuous speech, and the "Chinese Language Models" are generated by combining statistical information, resulting from an analysis of probabilities of associativity among "characters", "words" and "word classes" of a Chinese language, with a linguistic knowledge or rules obtained from an analysis of parts-of-speech, syntax and semantics of the Chinese language.
14. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the "Chinese Language Models" further calculate occurrence probabilities of one mono-syllable, two mono-syllables adjacent to each other, and three mono-syllables adjacent to each other.