13. The article of manufacture of claim 11 , wherein the computer readable instructions which, when implemented, further cause a computer to carry out a method step comprising: penalizing a non-concept word in the language model based on acoustic-similarity to at least one concept word in the at least one rule-based grammar word.
11. An article of manufacture comprising a computer readable storage medium having computer readable instructions tangibly embodied thereon which, when implemented, cause a computer to carry out a plurality of method steps comprising: obtaining at least one language model word; determining an acoustic similarity between the at least one language model word and each rule-based grammar word in a set of multiple rule-based grammar words; and increasing a transition cost to the at least one language model word proportionally to the acoustic similarity between the at least one language model word and at least one of the multiple rule-based grammar words to generate a modified language model for automatic speech recognition, wherein said increasing the transition cost to the at least one language model word comprises increasing a likelihood of selecting at least one of the multiple rule-based grammar words over the at least one language model word as a recognition output.