1. A computer program product for executing a machine instruction in a central processing unit, the computer program product comprising: a non-transitory computer readable storage medium readable by a processing circuit and storing instructions for execution by the processing circuit for performing a method comprising: obtaining, by a processor, a machine instruction for execution, the machine instruction being defined for computer execution according to a computer architecture, the machine instruction comprising: at least one opcode field to provide an opcode, the opcode identifying a Vector Checksum operation; a first register field to be used to designate a first register, the first register comprising a first operand; a second register field to be used to designate a second register, the second register comprising a second operand; and executing the machine instruction, the executing comprising: adding together a plurality of elements of the second operand to obtain a first result, wherein the adding comprises performing one or more end around carry add operations; based on performing an end around carry add operation and producing a sum, adding a carry out of a chosen position of the sum, if any, to a selected position in a selected element of the first operand, wherein the chosen position is hit position zero, the selected position is bit position 31, and the selected element of the first operand is element one of the first operand; and placing the first result in the selected element of the first operand, and placing zeros in one or more other elements of the first operand.