1. A method, comprising: determining, by a system comprising a processor, a cross-layer interaction associated with network activity data of a network device with respect to a radio resource control state; determining, by the system, a burst corresponding to a period of time between consecutive packets of the network activity data; determining, by the system based on the cross-layer interaction, a source of the burst; determining, by the system, the radio resource control state based on a radio link control buffer characteristic of the network device; and determining, by the system based on the radio resource control state, an energy consumption of the burst.