1. A cloud-integrated enterprise-class data storage array device comprising: an enclosure; a set of storage drives mounted in the enclosure; network interface circuitry mounted in the enclosure, the network interface circuitry communicatively connecting the cloud-integrated enterprise-class data storage array device to a network to form a distributed virtualized computing environment; and a redundant set of storage processors mounted in the enclosure, the redundant set of storage processors being configured to: process, on the cloud-integrated enterprise-class data storage array device, data storage operations directed at the set of storage drives in a highly-available and deterministic manner; and operate the cloud-integrated enterprise-class data storage array device as a cloud storage management node of the distributed virtualized computing environment to manage assignment of logical disks to respective virtual machines (VMs) of the distributed virtualized computing environment, the logical disks including storage from the set of storage drives; wherein the redundant set of storage processors of the cloud-integrated enterprise-class data storage array device is configured to, when operating as the cloud storage management node: receive, at the cloud-integrated enterprise-class data storage array device, a request from a storage scheduling node of the distributed virtualized computing environment to allocate a virtual disk to a particular VM of the distributed virtualized computing environment from the set of storage drives; request allocation of a partition from the set of storage drives of the cloud-integrated enterprise-class data storage array device; and upon the cloud-integrated enterprise-class data storage array device receiving notice of allocation of the requested partition, communicate with the particular VM of the distributed virtualized computing environment to establish an assignment of the requested partition to the particular VM of the distributed virtualized computing environment as the virtual disk; and wherein the particular VM of the distributed virtualized computing environment operates within a compute node on a remote server of the distributed virtualized computing environment, the redundant set of storage processors being configured to communicate with the particular VM via the network interface circuitry over the network when establishing the assignment of the requested partition to the particular VM of the distributed virtualized computing environment as the virtual disk.