1. Teaching and training method for digital archiving and manufacturing of dental prosthetics and a prosthesis, wherein the teaching and training method comprises the following steps: obtaining, by a trainee, a tooth model for which a teaching digital model file has been created; optical positioning and turning practice: combining turning tool optical positioning with the teaching digital model file for tracking a medical apparatus by using an optical positioning system, turning the tooth model into an abutment tooth, and creating a second digital model file from a turning process; physical model calculation: creating reversely, by using an original crown contour file of the tooth model and the second digital model file, a crown model file from the process of turning the tooth model into the abutment tooth; fixed denture manufacturing: producing a needed fixed denture by using the crown model file and using computer-aided manufacturing (CAM); and sleeving the fixed denture on the abutment tooth, and evaluating results of turning and of manufacturing the fixed denture.