1. A method for affecting living tissue comprising: receiving input from living tissue through at least one read modality; determining at least one identifiable pattern of tissue activity at a submolecular, molecular, or cellular level based on the received input, the identifiable pattern of tissue activity indicating a defective tissue function; computing at least one signal to effect alterations to the living tissue so as to correct the defective tissue function based on the determined pattern; and delivering the at least one signal to the living tissue through at least one write modality.