1. A data storage and query method which supports an agile development and horizontal scaling, comprising steps of: transforming data into a 2-tupel (Key, MiniTable), and identifying any MiniTable with a unique Key, wherein, the MiniTable comprises a plurality of data columns; a structure of each data column is limited via a pre-defined mode; and the data columns are sorted according to a primary key defined by the mode; wherein the pre-defined mode is a Key-MiniTable mode having three basic primitives and three physical entities, wherein the three physical entities comprise: a client for initiating a request to a Key server with the three basic primitives and receiving a result of the request; the Key server for receiving the request initiated by the client, searching an IP address and a port number of each MiniTable server where each MiniTable corresponding to the Key is located, and accordingly transferring the request to the corresponding MiniTable server; and the MiniTable servers for receiving the request transferred by the Key server, parsing analogous SQL statements of the request, forming an execution plan, reading and writing the data in a distributed storage system, completing the request and returning a result of the request to the client.