1. A system for filename storage that supports multiple character encodings, comprising: a computer-readable data store that stores an indexed data structure comprising a plurality of data elements; and a computing device in communication with the data store and that is operative to: receive a storage request to store a name into the data structure, wherein the name is represented by a byte value based on one of a plurality of character encodings; convert the name into a key; and store a data element indexed by the name's key into the data structure, the data element comprising the name's byte value, an identifier of the name's character encoding, and address data for locating data associated with the name; wherein the address data associated with the stored data element can be retrieved from the data structure in response to a retrieval request comprising the name of the stored data element in a character encoding other than the character encoding associated with the storage request.