1. A computer implemented method for processing of operations on a tree-based data structure, comprising: receiving input at a storage system managing a storage device in which the tree-based data structure is stored, the input identifying a set of heterogeneous operations to be applied to the tree-based data structure; determining one or more nodes in a particular layer of the tree-based data structure to which one or more of the set of heterogeneous operations are to be applied; determining one or more groups of the set of heterogeneous operations, the determining being based at least in part on the one or more nodes to which the heterogeneous operations are to be applied; isolating processing of each node in the particular layer of the tree-based data structure from processing of other nodes in the particular layer of the tree-based data structure, wherein isolating the processing of each node from processing of other nodes comprises: qualifying one or more nodes for participation in one or more structural modifications of the tree-based data structure; temporarily locking at least one node in the particular layer of the tree-based data structure and an adjacent qualifying node for participation in the one or more structural modifications; and performing the one or more structural modifications; and processing each of the one or more nodes to which one or more of the set of heterogeneous operations are to be applied with one of the groups of the set of heterogeneous operations; and wherein each of the one or more nodes is processed according to the groups of the set of heterogeneous operations concurrently and independently.