1. A method for detecting hydrocarbon spill in an aqueous medium from a plurality of images of the surface of the aqueous medium obtained by an infrared camera, comprising: Analysing one image of the plurality of images of the surface of the aqueous medium; Checking whether at least one region that could be identified as hydrocarbon spill is displayed in the analysed image of the surface of the aqueous medium; In case of a positive result in the checking, Assessing whether a point representing a multidimensional vector of characteristics associated with the region that could be identified as hydrocarbon spill is within a reference zone defined in a multidimensional space, this reference zone being representative of multidimensional vectors of characteristics of regions corresponding to actual hydrocarbon spills in the aqueous medium; and If it is determined that the point representing the multidimensional vector of characteristics associated with the region that could be identified as hydrocarbon spill is within the zone, generating a warning signal of hydrocarbon spill in the aqueous medium.