1. A touch screen-based document editing device comprising: an editing symbol storage for storing editing symbols used for editing an electronic document; a display for presenting the electronic document, the display being implemented as a touch screen; a user interface for user input of an editing request for editing the electronic document presented on the display; a video processor for managing presentation information of the electronic document, displaying the electronic document in an editing mode screen in response to the editing request, and presenting the editing symbols on the electronic document in response to an editing symbol insertion command input through the touch screen; a video analyzer for receiving the presentation information from the video processor, and extracting the editing symbols and positions of the editing symbols in the electronic document, in response to an editing execution command input by user manipulation; an editing symbol recognizer for receiving information on the editing symbols and positions of the editing symbols from the video analyzer, retrieving the editing symbols from the editing symbol storage, and detecting editing commands corresponding to the editing symbols; and a document editor for executing the editing commands according to the editing symbols and the positions of the editing symbols.