1. A computer-implemented method for detecting and automatically installing missing software components, at least a portion of the method being performed by a computing device comprising at least one processor, the method comprising: detecting a failed attempt by a process to load a shared object; identifying the shared object requested in the failed attempt; automatically obtaining the shared object from a network-accessible storage device at least in part by: determining that the shared object is not identified within a local cache object that identifies prior unsuccessful attempts to obtain shared objects; upon determining that the shared object is not identified within the local cache object, transmitting a request for the shared object to the network-accessible storage device, the request comprising metadata that identifies the shared object; receiving the shared object from the network-accessible storage device; installing the shared object on the computing device; successfully loading the shared object.