1. A machine implemented method for sensing motion in a sample, comprising: obtaining, at a controller comprising a processor, biomedical imaging data of the sample measured from a biomedical imaging device, wherein the obtained biomedical data is not direct data on the motion in the sample; and applying, at the controller, a first mathematical model of temporal dynamics between the motion of the sample and the biomedical imaging data to process the biomedical imaging data and to sense the motion in the sample, wherein the first mathematical model is a hidden Markov model, and wherein the application of the hidden Markov model includes: applying a recursive estimation process under the hidden Markov model to estimate the motion of the sample from the biomedical imaging data; and using the estimated motion to control an imaging condition in imaging the sample to obtain the biomedical imaging data to reduce an effect of the motion of the sample on an obtained image of the sample.