1. A method of three-dimensional measurement of an object by stereo-correlation, said method being implemented by a measurement system comprising at least two cameras connected to image processing means, said at least two cameras being positioned so as to capture at least a first image and a second image of the object seen from at least two different angles, the image processing means being configured to determine all or part of three-dimensional coordinates of said object, said method including at least two steps: a first step of calibration of the measurement system wherein, a template of known shape being arranged in a field of the at least two cameras, the image processing means being configured to compute at least two transfer matrices linking the three-dimensional coordinates captured in a reference frame of the template with two-dimensional coordinates captured in at least two reference frames of the first image and of the second image of said template; a second step of spatial matching wherein, the object to be measured being arranged in the field of the at least two cameras, the image processing means being configured to determine a whole displacement field existing between the at least two images of said object to be measured, making it possible to obtain a smallest possible difference between said images; wherein, an object surface and a surface of the template having a parametric representation that comprises a mathematical representation of the surface having a form of a decomposition over a scalar function basis, said parametric representation is implemented in the first calibration step and in the second spatial matching step.