1. A system for providing medical decision support for diagnosis and treatment of disease, comprising: a medical knowledge database comprising medical information, the medical information including probabilities of disease outcomes for a disease of interest; a memory device for storing a program; a processor in communication with the memory device, the processor operative with the program to: obtain patient information and in vitro test results for specimens derived from a patient; and automatically generate a recommendation for a medical test based on a combination of the patient information, the in vitro test results, and medical information from the medical knowledge database.