1. A cache-based data read/write method applied in a computer system, wherein the computer system comprises a processor, a memory and a plurality of cache memories organized in a hierarchy, and wherein the cache-based data read/write method comprises: acquiring a first query address by the processor, wherein the first query address indicates a first physical memory data block in which data is to be read/written; acquiring a first cache location attribute of the first physical memory data block, wherein where the first cache location attribute indicates a level in levels of caches storable for the first physical memory data block; querying whether the level of cache is hit until one level of cache is hit or all levels of caches are missed, wherein the querying is performed according to the first query address in descending order of levels of caches storable for the first physical memory data block, and wherein the highest level of cache is indicated in the first cache location attribute; and reading/writing the data in the first query address of the first physical memory data block in a hit level of cache when one level of cache is hit; and reading/writing the data in the first query address of the first physical memory data block in the memory when all levels of caches are missed.