1. A computer-implemented method for providing medical treatment decision support regarding a patient's medical condition, said method comprising: collecting, using a computer, an identification of a particular patient's medical condition; collecting, using a computer, information regarding the particular patient's prognostic indicators; generating, using a computer, a series of patient preference-assessment exercises according to the particular patient's medical condition and the particular patient's prognostic indicators, each patient preference-assessment exercise comprising information selected from the group consisting of: at least one medical treatment alternative available for the particular patient according to the particular patient's medical condition and the particular patient's prognostic indicators, at least one medical treatment effect associated with said at least one medical treatment alternative, and at least one medical treatment factor associated with said at least one medical treatment alternative; collecting, using a computer, a user's preferences regarding patient preference-assessment exercises in the series; determining, using a computer, utility values for medical treatment attributes selected from the group consisting of: said at least one medical treatment alternative, said at least one medical treatment effect, and said at least one medical treatment factor; determining, using a computer, a ranking of each medical treatment alternative available for the particular patient according to the particular patient's medical condition and according to the particular patient's prognostic indicators, said ranking determined according to said utility values and according to respective probabilistic data regarding said medical treatment effects and said medical treatment factors; and displaying a recommendation of a particular medical treatment alternative according to said ranking.