1. A method for analyzing brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, comprising steps of: collecting the fMRI data including spatial information and temporal information from subjects; preprocessing the fMRI data; computing independent components (ICs) and their corresponding time course for each individual subjects; constructing an initial functional connectivity pattern; constructing a classifier based on the functional connectivity pattern; and applying the classifier to functional connectivity patterns of individual subjects for statistical analysis or diagnosis, wherein the functional connectivity pattern includes a spatial functional connectivity pattern and a corresponding temporal functional connectivity pattern, wherein the corresponding temporal functional connectivity pattern includes temporal functional connectivity patterns for one frequency, or temporal functional connectivity patterns for different frequencies, and wherein the temporal functional connectivity pattern for one frequency is a vector consisting of elements of correlation coefficients between the temporal functional connectivity patterns for one frequency, or between the temporal functional connectivity patterns for different frequencies.