1. A method comprising: (I) electronically maintaining a plurality of extensions to a medical taxonomy; (II) electronically updating the maintained plurality of extensions based on first content contained in an identified first document, such electronic updating comprising (a) electronically deriving, by a signature generator, an initial code signature from the first content, such deriving comprising (i) performing, by a text preprocessor on the first content, text boundary detection, tokenization, and tagging, (ii) mapping, by a Boolean valuator, one or more instances of verbiage in the first content to one or more clinical taxons, including mapping of first verbiage in the first content to a taxon for a first disease; (b) electronically deriving a plurality of proposed association rules from the first content utilizing the derived initial code signature by (i) determining, for each of a first set of one or more combinations of one or more additional words appearing in association with the first verbiage, (A) sample size support for the respective combination, and (B) statistical lift and conviction for the respective combination; (ii) identifying, from the first set of one or more combinations of one or more additional words appearing in association with the first verbiage, one or more programmatically differentiated combinations for which the respective determined sample size support and statistical lift and conviction satisfies a predetermined threshold, (ii) generating, for each respective programmatically differentiated combination of one or more additional words, an entry representing a proposed association rule in a partially ordered set, the entry comprising (A) a proposed taxon, and (B) a clause comprising (1) an indication of the first verbiage, and (2) an indication of the respective one or more additional words; (c) displaying, to a clinical expert user via a display associated with a first electronic device, the generated entries representing electronically derived proposed association rules, including, for each entry, (A) the respective proposed taxon, and (B) the respective clause comprising (1) an indication of the first verbiage, and (2) an indication of the respective one or more additional words, and (C) a checkbox configured to allow the clinical expert user to accept the proposed taxon; (d) receiving, from the clinical expert user via one or more input devices associated with the first electronic device, first user input corresponding to acceptance of a first taxon of the proposed taxons; (e) displaying, to the clinical expert user via the display associated with the first electronic device, an interface comprising a listing of taxons representing problems that may be associated with the first disease, the listing including an item for the first taxon, wherein the interface is configured to allow the clinical expert user to indicate a priority for each listed problem; (f) receiving, from the clinical expert user via one or more input devices associated with the first electronic device, an indication of a priority for each of the listed problems; (III) performing controlled indexing on the first content using the extensions to obtain an exemplar code signature by (a) generating, for each listed problem, a distance metric indicating a strength of the implication of the first disease by the respective problem, each distance metric being generated based on (i) taxonomic specificity of the taxon for the respective problem, (ii) a surprisal that is an inverse function of frequencies of each word appearing in the medical taxonomy, (iii) a frequency of mention of the taxon for the respective problem in the first content, (iv) the indication of the priority for the respective problem received from the clinical expert; (b) generating, by an exemplar generator utilizing the generated distance metrics, a first exemplar code signature for the first disease, the first exemplar code signature for the first disease comprising a partially ordered set including one or more entries for which (i) a first column contains a findings taxon in the form of a clinical code, (ii) a second column contains an illness taxon implied by the respective findings taxon, the illness taxon being a clinical code for the first disease, and (iii) a third column contains an exemplar distance indicating a strength of the implication of the respective illness taxon by the respective findings taxon, (iv) wherein one of the entries corresponds to the first taxon; (IV) subsequently, utilizing taxonomic fingerprinting to electronically determine that the first disease is a close match for a first patient's record by (a) performing controlled indexing on a patient transcript for the first patient using the extensions to obtain an instance code signature by (i) performing, by a text preprocessor on the patient transcript, text boundary detection, tokenization, and tagging; (ii) mapping, by a Boolean valuator, one or more instances of verbiage in the patient transcript to one or more clinical taxons; (iii) generating the instance code signature which comprises a partially ordered set including one or more entries for which (A) a first column contains an instance taxon verbiage was mapped to, (B) a second column contains a patient de-identifier, and (C) a third column contains an instance distance y for the respective instance taxon generated based on the mapping for the respective instance taxon; (b) electronically comparing the instance code signature to a plurality of maintained exemplar code signatures for illnesses, including the exemplar code signature for the first disease, by (a) for each respective exemplar code signature for a respective illness, (i) determine a hit value by summing the products of the exemplar distance and instance distance for each instance taxon that matches a finding taxon in that respective exemplar code signature, (ii) determine a misses value by summing the exemplar distances for finding taxons and illness taxons for which there are no matching instance taxons, (iii) calculating a closeness value representing a square root of the sum of the determined hit value and the determined misses value; (c) determining that the first exemplar code signature for the first disease is a closest match based on it having a lowest calculated respective closeness value; and (d) displaying, to a second user via an electronic display associated with a second electronic device, an indication that the first disease is the closest match for the first patient's record.