1. A hierarchical signal processing apparatus including a plurality of aggregates respectively having logic operation means, said hierarchical signal processing apparatus comprising: (a) comparing output means for comparing a final output signal from a said logic operation means within a final aggregate with a teaching signal corresponding to said logic operation means and for generating an error signal of said logic operation means by taking a signal which exists only in said teaching signal as a positive error signal and taking a signal which exists only in said final output signal as a negative error signal; (b) error signal generating means, using: 1) one or more weight function signals which are made up of one or more excitatory weight function signals and/or one or more inhibitory weight function signals indicating one or more coupling states between one or more operation means forming an other aggregate and a said logic operation means within a certain aggregate, and 2) one or more error signals which are made up of one or more positive error signals and one or more negative error signals of said operation means forming said other aggregate, the error signal generating means constituting: i) means for generating a positive error signal of said logic operation means within said certain aggregate which supplies one or more output signals thereof to said logic operation means of said other aggregate based on one or more logic operations on the excitatory weight function signal of said weight function signal, the positive error signal, the inhibitory weight function signal of said weight function signal and the negative error signal; and ii) means for generating a negative error signal of said logic operation means within said certain aggregate which supplies one or more output signals thereof to said logic operation means of said other aggregate based on one or more logic operations on the inhibitory weight function signal of said weight function signal, the positive error signal of said other aggregate, the excitatory weight function signal of said weight function signal and the negative error signal; and (c) weight function control means for controlling said weight function signal based on one or more input signals to said logic operation means forming said other aggregate, the positive and negative error signals of said logic operation means and the weight function signal which indicates the coupling state between said logic operation means of said other aggregate and said logic operation means of said certain aggregate which supplies the output signal thereof to said logic operation means of said other aggregate.