1. A method of analyzing medical image data of a region of interest in a sample tissue, the method comprising: obtaining, at a computer system, the medical image data of the region of interest, the medical image data containing image segments; identifying, at the computer system, one or more candidate physiological, metabolic, molecular and/or biologic parameters that may indicate an abnormal or disease phenotype condition within the region of interest; analyzing, in a subvolume analysis engine, each of the image segments using an algorithm to determine, for each image segment, a probability function for each of the identified one or more candidate physiological, metabolic, and/or biologic parameters; and modeling the image segments, in the subvolume analysis engine, and analyzing the resulting model to identify the abnormal or disease phenotype condition within the region of interest, where the identification produces a diagnostic determination of the region of interest, a prognostic determination of the target tissue, or a predictive determination of the target tissue.