1. A computer-implemented system, comprising: a hierarchy of computing modules configured to receive first input data to learn spatial patterns and temporal sequences in the first input data in a learning stage, the hierarchy in an inference stage subsequent to the learning stage further configured to receive second input data and generate output information about the second input data, the hierarchy comprising: a plurality of first computing modules at a first level of the hierarchy, each of the first computing modules configured to receive a part of the second input data and comprising: a coincidence detector configured to generate coincidence information about one or more coincidences detected in the part of the second input data; and a sequence learner configured to generate first information about temporal sequences of coincidences responsive to receiving the coincidence information, and at least one second computing module at a second level of the hierarchy, the at least one second computing module configured to generate second information about spatial patterns and temporal sequences in the second input data based on the first information.