1. A two-dimensional memory array comprising a plurality of nanometer-scale devices, each device comprising a junction formed by a pair of crossed wires where one wire crosses another and at least one connector species comprising at least one bi-stable molecular switch and connecting said pair of crossed wires in said junction, said junction having a functional dimension in nanometers, wherein said at least one connector species and said pair of crossed wires form an electrochemical cell, with one set of wires formed above another set of wires.