1. A data distribution system based on the exchange of asynchronous messages in publication/subscription mode, allowing for the exchange of data according to various qualities of service between at least one transmitter adapted to run a data supplying application and one receiver adapted to run a data receiving application, the transmitter and receiver being interconnected by a communication network comprising a plurality of communication objects, with each communication object providing a programming interface to exchange messages according to the distribution system, wherein at least one of the communication objects is broken down into a plurality of components including a component of a first type which comprises the programming interface, and at least one component of a second type which is capable of controlling information related to the component of the first type and provides operations responsible for functionalities reconfigurable during runtime, wherein the communication object has a mechanism for sending a reconfiguration request during runtime to the at least one component of the second type so as to allow for a reconfiguration during runtime of a functionality associated with the communication object.