1. An apparatus, comprising: an array of memory cells; and a controller configured to: perform a program operation on the array of memory cells by applying a first program signal to a first portion of the array of memory cells that are to remain in a first state in response to the program operation, wherein the first program signal programs memory cells to a second state and then to the first state; and apply a second program signal to a second portion of the array of memory cells that are to remain in the second state.