1. A method, comprising: determining presence data of a user; deriving features from the presence data; applying an estimation model to the derived features; estimating an effect of a communication on a user based on a result of the applying; and estimating a communication preference of the user based on the result of the applying, wherein the presence data comprises at least one of a presence state indicating the user is in an office, a presence state indicating the user is in a building, a presence state indicating the user is connected remotely, a presence state indicating the user is available on a mobile device, a presence state indicating the user is with a visitor, and a presence state indicating there is no information about the user.