1. A system for screening information processing deficiencies or improving information processing in an infant comprising: a processor operably connected to a sound-emitting device and an input device, wherein the processor is configured to: generate a first sequence of auditory stimuli comprising at least one control stimulus having a plurality of control components and at least one test stimulus having a plurality of test components, wherein the at least one control stimulus differs from the at least one test stimulus by at least one of amplitude, frequency, pitch, and duration, the at least one control stimulus and the at least one test stimulus are administered within about 0.5 seconds to about 3 seconds of each other, and receive from the input device an indication of one or more of the following: an initiation or modification of the first sequence of auditory stimuli, and a reinforcement stimulus in conjunction with the at least one test stimulus; a recorder adapted to register a response of the infant to the at least one test stimulus or the at least one control stimulus, wherein the recorder is operably connected to the input device, wherein the sound emitting device is configured to emit the first sequence of auditory stimuli, wherein the processor is configured to modify a duration of a filled temporal interval or an unfilled temporal interval between the control or test components in the at least one control stimulus or the at least one test stimulus based on the response of the infant.