1. An audio signal processing method for separating, by a system including one or more computer processors and non-transitory computer readable media, a specific audio component from a mixture of multiple audio components that includes the specified audio component and a background audio component, wherein the mixture of multiple audio components is represented by an audio mixture signal data structure x(t), the method comprising: obtaining a guide signal data structure g(t) corresponding to a dubbing of the specified audio component and storing the guide signal data structure g(t) at the computer readable media; modeling, by a first modeling module, a spectrogram of a specified signal data structure y(t) as a parametric spectrogram data structure {circumflex over (V)} p y having a plurality of frames and including, for each of the plurality of frames, a parameter that models a pitch difference between the guide signal data structure g(t) and the specified audio component; modeling, by a second modeling module, a spectrogram of a background signal data structure z(t) as a parametric spectrogram data structure {circumflex over (V)} p z ; estimating, by an estimating module, the parameters of the parametric spectrogram data structure {circumflex over (V)} p y to produce a temporary specified signal spectrogram data structure V i y for the specified signal data structure y(t); estimating, by the estimating module, the parameters of the parametric spectrogram data structure {circumflex over (V)} p z to produce a temporary background signal spectrogram data structure V i z for the background signal data structure z(t); obtaining, from the audio mixture signal data structure x(t), an audio mixture signal constant Q transform (CQT) data structure V x and storing the CQT data structure V x at the computer readable medium; filtering, to provide a specified audio signal CQT data structure V y and a background audio signal CQT data structure V z , the audio mixture signal CQT V x using the temporary specified signal spectrogram V i y and the temporary background signal spectrogram V i z ; storing for playback or further processing, as a data structure representing the specified audio component at the computer readable media, the specified audio signal CQT data structure V y ; and storing for playback or further processing, as a data structure representing the background audio component at the computer readable media, the background audio signal CQT data structure V z .