1. A method for at least one of characterizing, diagnosing, and treating an endocrine system condition in at least a subject, the method comprising: at a computing system in communication with a sample handling network, generating a microbiome composition dataset and a microbiome functional diversity dataset for the population of subjects upon processing nucleic acid content of each of the aggregate set of samples from a population of subjects within the sample handling network; at the computing system, receiving a supplementary dataset, associated with at least a subset of the population of subjects, wherein the supplementary dataset is informative of characteristics associated with the endocrine system condition; at the computing system, transforming the supplementary dataset and features extracted from at least one of the microbiome composition dataset and the microbiome functional diversity dataset into a characterization model of the endocrine system condition; based upon the characterization model, generating a therapy model configured to improve a state of the endocrine system condition; and at an output device associated with the subject and in communication with the computing system, promoting a therapy to the subject with the endocrine system condition based upon the characterization and the therapy model.