1. An image characteristic estimation method, comprising: extracting at least two eigenvalues of input image data, wherein the eigenvalue comprises at least a degree of matching between each characteristic and a corresponding template characteristic, a value of a probability that any two characteristics in the image data appear on a same position at the same time, and a value of a score of a change in a distance between two characteristics that have an association relationship; selecting an eigenvalue, and performing at least two matrix transformations on the eigenvalue using a pre-obtained matrix parameter in order to obtain a first matrix vector corresponding to the eigenvalue; obtaining second matrix vectors with respect to the at least two extracted eigenvalues using a convolutional network calculation method according to a first matrix vector corresponding to each eigenvalue when the first matrix vector corresponding to each extracted eigenvalue is obtained; and obtaining a status of an image characteristic in the image data by means of estimation according to the second matrix vectors, wherein selecting the eigenvalue, obtaining the second matrix vectors, and obtaining the status of the image characteristic are executed for each extracted eigenvalue until execution for the extracted eigenvalues is completed.