1. A computer-implemented method of operating an artificial spiking neuron having an input connection and an output connection, the method being performed by one or more processors configured to execute computer program modules, the method comprising: providing one or more events of a first event type including a first event, the first event being configured to effectuate an update of a plasticity of the input connection, the plasticity of the input connection being capable of adjusting a parameter associated with the input connection, the adjustment characterized by a time period; and providing one or more events of a second event type including a second event, the second event being configured to effectuate delivery of a response of the neuron via the output connection.