1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving document data indicating (i) a corpus of documents and (ii) references between documents within the corpus of documents; determining a network comprising (i) two or more nodes, wherein each node corresponds to a respective document in the corpus of documents, and (ii) at least one directed edge, wherein each directed edge connects two respective nodes, and wherein each directed edge corresponds to a reference between two documents in the corpus of documents; based on the directed edges of the network, determining a hierarchical partition of the documents, wherein the hierarchical partition defines a plurality of nested modules, and wherein each module in the plurality of nested modules is associated with one or more respective documents within the corpus of documents; causing a graphical display to provide a visual indication of one or more of the plurality of nested modules; determining a rank value associated with each respective document of the corpus based on the references between documents of the corpus of documents; determining for each of one or more respective modules of the plurality of nested modules: (i) a sample group of one or more documents of the module based on one or more rank values associated with the one or more documents of the module and (ii) a label for the module based on mutual content within the one or more documents of the sample group; and causing the graphical display to provide a visual indication of the label for each of the one or more respective modules of the plurality of nested modules.