1. A machine-readable medium comprising: object-oriented code for defining a database query based on at least one markup language element representing said database query, said object-oriented code including instructions for causing said database query to be performed and instructions for storing a result of said database query; object-oriented code for displaying a user interface screen having a display element that is based at least in part upon said result of said database query, said user interface screen being based on at least one markup language element representing said user interface screen; object-oriented code for refreshing said user interface screen based on a markup language element representing said refreshing of said user interface screen; and object-oriented code for refreshing said database query based on a markup language element representing said refreshing of said database query, wherein said object-oriented code for refreshing said user interface screen and said object-oriented code for refreshing said database query are capable of mutually exclusive instantiation based upon a user specification of one of said markup language element representing said refreshing of said user interface screen and said markup language element representing said refreshing of said database query.