1. A method for supporting fault diagnosis of an industrial installation having a plurality of installation components connected via a pipeline system, each installation component of the plurality of installation components being assignable to one of a plurality of abstract component types, the method comprising: assigning, in a processor of a computer, a weighted directed component graph to each of the plurality of abstract component types; processing, component by component, a piping and instrumentation flow diagram of the industrial installation proceeding from a start point along the pipeline system; accessing the weighted directed component graph of an installation component assigned according to a component type; joining together individual component graphs to form a system of weighted directed overall graphs of the industrial installation; and assigning each node of the weighted directed overall graphs of the industrial installation to the plurality of individual installation components.