1. A method for acquiring an off-line publishing (OLP) certificate by a first computing device, the OLP certificate issued by a server enrolled in a Digital Rights Management (DRM) system, the method comprising: requesting, by the first computing device, an OLP certificate from the enrolled server having an enrollment certificate, wherein the enrollment certificate comprises a public key of the enrolled server (PU-DRM) and revocation information; receiving the OLP certificate from the enrolled server, wherein the OLP certificate comprises a public key (PU-OLP) and a private key (PR-OLP), and wherein the OLP certificate is signed with a private key of the enrolled server (PR-DRM); encrypting content according to a content key (CK), wherein the content comprises one or more of: audio, video, text, data, and multimedia; encrypting the content key with the public key of the enrolled server (PU-DRM); generating rights data defining rules for rendering the encrypted content; signing the rights data and the encrypted content key with the private key (PR-OLP); concatenating the signed rights data and the encrypted content key to the encrypted content; forwarding, by the first computing device without contacting the enrolled server, the encrypted content concatenated with the signed rights data and the encrypted content key to a second computing device; and issuing, by the first computing device without contacting the enrolled server, a use license for accessing the encrypted content by the first computing device, wherein the use license is signed with the private key (PR-OLP).