1. A speech interaction method, comprising: acquiring, by a speech interaction apparatus, speech data of a user; presetting, by the speech interaction apparatus, a correspondence between a spectrum signature and a user attribute recognition result, wherein the user attribute recognition result comprises at least a gender attribute recognition result and an age attribute recognition result; performing, by the speech interaction apparatus, frequency domain transformation on the speech data to obtain a spectrum signature of the speech data, so as to perform the user attribute recognition; searching, by the speech interaction apparatus, in a preset correspondence between each spectrum signature and each user attribute recognition result, for a user attribute recognition result corresponding to the spectrum signature of the speech data, and using a found user attribute recognition result as a first user attribute recognition result of the speech data; performing, by the speech interaction apparatus, content recognition on the speech data to obtain a content recognition result of the speech data; and performing, by the speech interaction apparatus, a corresponding operation according to at least the first user attribute recognition result and the content recognition result, so as to respond to the speech data.