1. A method comprising: during a computer-based training exercise, initiating, by an attack system, a simulated attack against a target system, wherein the target system is configured to respond to actions specified by a human trainee, wherein the target system performs a corrective or preventive action that is specified by the human trainee in response to the simulated attack, and wherein the attack system is configured to initiate a change in the simulated attack by dynamically responding to the corrective or preventive action performed by the target system and specified by the human trainee; collecting information associated with the corrective or preventive action performed by the target system in response to the simulated attack; and based on the corrective or preventive action performed by the target system: updating a state of the attack system; automatically generating, by the attack system and based on the updated state of the attack system, dynamic response data; sending the dynamic response data from the attack system to the target system, wherein sending the dynamic response data initiates the change in the simulated attack against the target system; and upon completion of the training exercise, generating an automated evaluation of a performance of the human trainee.