1. An apparatus for artificial neurons simulating the functions of biological nerve cells comprising: at least one input stage having an input and an output for providing a function corresponding to an individual synapse and dendrite of a nerve cell; means for applying an input signal from a signal source to said input of said input stage; said input stage including a voltage regulating means for controlling the voltage amplitude of signals applied to said input of said input stage having a voltage dependency upon prior activity at said input over time without regard for total system responses and which automatically balances with said prior activity; means in said input stage coupled to said voltage regulating means for increasing the voltage amplitude of signals applied to said voltage regulating means in response to prior high signal frequency for simulating the function of a memory neuron; means in said input stage coupled to said voltage regulating means for decreasing the voltage amplitude of signals applied to said voltage regulating means in response to prior high signal frequency for simulating the function of a reverberation neuron; and. means in said input stage coupled to said voltage regulating means for assigning a predetermined weight in the form of a range of said voltage amplitude of said voltage regulating means for simulating the function of various dendrite anatomy of a nerve cell.