1. A method of increasing striatal dopamine levels and promoting dopaminergic neurons survival in a subject comprising local administration of an Engrailed protein to the subject in an amount sufficient to increase striatal dopamine levels in the subject compared to striatal dopamine levels in the subject before administration of the Engrailed protein, wherein the subject presents no deficiency in Engrailed 1 and Engrailed 2 protein expression and has a decrease in dopamine synthesis, compared to a healthy subject.