1. An edge-based load shedding system comprising: an analysis server configured to determine to perform server or edge separation execution, transmit an operational module of an analysis application, issue a request to offload the transmitted operational module, and receive and analyze data obtained through preprocessing; and an edge machine configured to receive and offload the operational module from the analysis server, preprocess raw data collected from a sensor by using the offloaded operational module, and transmit the data obtained through the preprocessing to the analysis server.