1. A method of improving memory function in a patient, comprising: (a) receiving a set of inputs from the dentate gyrus (DG) in a patient's brain, (b) correlating the set of inputs with a set of neurophysiological markers of memory function, and (c) improving the memory function in the patient's brain by inducing a response in the nucleus basalis (NB) of the brain, which response is selected based upon the correlations of step (b).