1. A system comprising: a Layer 0 (L0) virtual machine monitor (VMM) configured to provide a first number of services; a Layer 1 (L1) virtual machine (VM) that is running on the L0 VMM; and a L1 VMM that is running on the L1 VM; wherein the L1 VMM is configured to provide a second number of services to a target VM; wherein the second number of services are different from the first number of services; and wherein the target VM is configured to execute a user application.