1. A method for assessing autoregulation, comprising: receiving, at a processor, a plurality of arterial blood pressure measurements and a plurality of cerebrovascular flow measurements; computing, at the processor, a plurality of estimates of a selected cerebrovascular property using a computational model comprising a plurality of model elements, wherein: the model elements include a cerebrovascular resistance element, an intracranial pressure element, a cerebrovascular compliance element, an arterial blood pressure element, and a cerebrovascular flow element; the cerebrovascular property corresponds to at least one of the cerebrovascular resistance element, the intracranial pressure element, and the cerebrovascular compliance element; and the plurality of estimates is computed by optimizing an error criterion based on the received pluralities of measurements and model predictions of the arterial blood pressure element and the cerebrovascular flow element; and providing an assessment of cerebrovascular autoregulation based on the plurality of estimates.