1. A method comprising: receiving, by a radio access network (RAN) orchestration function, a characterization of impairments between a plurality of locations interconnected by a transport network, wherein the plurality of locations includes a location associated with at least one radio frequency (RF) termination point and a plurality of other locations associated with network elements of a radio access network (RAN); determining, based at least in part on the characterization of impairments between the plurality of locations interconnected by the transport network, a decomposition of one or more operations associated with the RAN into a first set of virtualized network functions (VNFs) associated with first operations to be executed for one or more RAN controllers and a second set of VNFs associated with second operations to be executed for the at least one RF termination point, wherein the first operations are associated, at least in part, with Layer 2 (L2) RAN operations and the second operations are associated, at least in part, with Layer 1 (L1) RAN operations associated with the at least one RF termination point; instantiating the first set of VNFs at one or more particular locations of the plurality of other locations associated with the network elements of the RAN interconnected by the transport network; and instantiating the second set of VNFs at the location of the at least one RF termination point, wherein the first set of VNFs and the second set of VNFs are instantiated at different locations within the RAN.