1. A method for recognizing a voice, comprising: collecting, with a processor, voice information input by a user; extracting, with the processor, characteristics from the voice information to obtain characteristic information; decoding, with the processor, the characteristic information according to an acoustic model and a language model obtained in advance to obtain recognized voice information, wherein the acoustic model is obtained by data compression in advance; wherein decoding the characteristic information according to an acoustic model and a language model obtained in advance to obtain recognized voice information comprises: performing a data compression on the characteristic information to obtain compressed characteristic information, and calculating the compressed characteristic information according to the acoustic model that is obtained by the data compression in advance to obtain a score of acoustic model; calculating data after acoustic model scoring according to the language model to obtain a score of language model; obtaining the recognized voice information according to the score of acoustic model and the score of language model.