1. A memory space management method, adapted to a rewritable non-volatile memory module, wherein the rewritable non-volatile memory module comprises a plurality of physical blocks, the memory space management method comprising: configuring a plurality of first logical block addresses to map to a part of the physical blocks, and grouping the first logical block addresses into at least a first area and a second area, wherein a capacity of the first area is a first capacity, and a capacity of the second area is a second capacity; receiving a first handshaking command from a host system; transmitting a first message to the host system to respond to the first handshaking command, wherein the first message is used for notifying the host system that the rewritable non-volatile memory module has the first area; receiving an authentication information from the host system, and determining whether the authentication information matches a predetermined authentication information; when the authentication information does not match the predetermined authentication information, updating a counting value; and when the counting value matches a predetermined number, executing a first procedure, wherein the first procedure comprises: configuring a plurality of second logical block addresses, and grouping the second logical block addresses into a third area, wherein a capacity of the third area is a sum of the first capacity and at least a portion of the second capacity; and providing the third area to the host system to be accessed.