1. A method of providing supplemental functionalities to an executable program via an ontology instance, the method being implemented by a computer system comprising one or more processors executing one or more computer program instructions that, when executed, perform the method, the method comprising: causing an executable program associated with an ontology to be run, wherein the ontology comprises information indicating attributes for a set of applications; obtaining a domain-specific ontology, wherein the domain-specific ontology is within a domain of interest; obtaining an instance of the ontology, wherein the ontology instance is derived from the domain-specific ontology and comprises information indicating attributes for an application of the set of applications that is within the domain of interest; using the ontology instance to generate supplemental information for the executable program, wherein the supplemental information defines one or more functionalities of the application; and providing the supplemental information as input to the executable program, wherein the supplemental information, at least in part, causes the one or more functionalities of the application to be made available via the executable program, the executable program executing the one or more functionalities of the application using the definitions of the one or more functionalities in the supplemental information.