1. A text searching method comprising: extracting initials of words in a text to be searched, wherein the extracting is performed according to a predetermined extracting rule; forming an initial character string including the initials; creating a mapping relation between the initial character string and the text to be searched; identifying an abbreviation character string, wherein the abbreviation character string represents an abbreviation of some of the words in the text to be searched; performing matching between the initial character string and the abbreviation character string; and determining, based on the matching, an expanded phrase corresponding to the abbreviation character string, wherein the expanded phrase includes some of the words in the text to be searched; determining, based on the matching and the mapping relation, locations of the expanded phrase in the text to be searched.