1. A computer-implemented process for augmenting a machine translation phrase table with additional phrase pairs each pair of which associates a phrase in a source language with a phrase in a target language, comprising: using a computer to perform the following process actions: inputting one or more syntactic transfer patterns, each of said patterns defining the syntax of a translation to the target language of a different phrase structure in the source language, wherein each source language phrase type represents a phase having a particular syntactic structure that is different from the other source language phrase types; for each inputted syntactic transfer pattern, synthesizing phrases in the source language of the type associated with the pattern under consideration using a lexicon of the source language, eliminating synthesized phrases not found in a monolingual corpus of the source language, for each remaining synthesized phrase, translating the synthesized phrase into the target language using the syntactic transfer pattern under consideration, a bilingual source-to-target language dictionary, and a morphological synthesizer to properly inflect the words of each translated phrase, and for each translated phrase, adding a phrase pair comprising the translated phrase and its corresponding source language phrase to the current version of the phrase table to produce an augmented version of the phrase table.