1. A method for detecting the effects of Alzheimer's disease in the interior of an eye having a pupil, comprising the steps of: (a) producing an optical analysis signal representing the birefringence of biological segments between the exterior of the eye and a posterior surface in a retinal layer in the interior of the eye; (b) adjusting the optical analysis signal to cancel the effects of birefringence in the biological segments anterior to the retinal layer; (c) passing the adjusted optical analysis signal through one or more optical elements exterior to the eye; (d) producing an electrical analysis signal representing the adjusted optical analysis signal; (e) processing the electrical analysis signal to cancel the effects of residual birefringence in the one or more optical elements exterior to the eye; and (f) producing an analysis classification signal representing the contribution of Alzheimer's disease to the birefringence of the retinal layer corresponding to the relationship of the electrical analysis signal to an analysis signal database.