1. A computer-implemented method of providing kernel-supported root file systems in cloud computing environments, the method being implemented by a computer system that includes a temporary file system, a root file system, a kernel for the root file system, and one or more physical processors, the method comprising: identifying, by the one or more physical processors executing computer program instructions of the temporary file system, an operating system release associated with the kernel; determining, by the one or more physical processors executing computer program instructions of the temporary file system, whether the root file system includes a directory hierarchy that corresponds to the operating system release; obtaining, by the one or more physical processors executing computer program instructions of the temporary file system, one or more kernel modules that support the operating system release in response to a determination that the root file system does not include the directory hierarchy; creating, by the one or more physical processors executing computer program instructions of the temporary file system, the directory hierarchy in the root file system in response to the determination that the root file system does not include the directory hierarchy; and providing, by the one or more physical processors executing computer program instructions of the temporary file system, the one or more kernel modules in the root file system based on the directory hierarchy.