1. A method for an eigenvalue-based data query, comprising: receiving a query request that includes a query statement; calculating eigenvalues of key component elements in the query statement; matching eigenvalues of nodes in an execution plan of a historical query statement to the eigenvalues of the key component elements; and based on determining success of matching the eigenvalues of the key component elements to the eigenvalues of the nodes in the execution plan of the historical query statement, generating an execution plan of the query statement.