1. A method comprising: determining a target register, wherein an instruction indicates operations to modify contents of the target register; determining a lower range bound value and an upper range bound value for the target register, wherein a set of one or more range bound registers indicate the upper range bound value and the lower range bound value; determining, based on the lower range bound value and the upper range bound value, that a value to be stored in the target register is invalid; and generating a range checking exception, wherein the range checking exception indicates that the value to be stored in the target register violates any one of the lower and the upper range bound values.