1. A method to embed a watermark in a compressed data stream, the method comprising: obtaining a set of transform coefficients included in the compressed data stream, the set of transform coefficients comprising a first set of mantissa codes and a set of exponents, the first set of mantissa codes associated with a respective set of step sizes; identifying a first transform coefficient from the set of transform coefficients having a smallest magnitude among the set of transform coefficients; determining a second set of mantissa codes based on the first transform coefficient and the set of step sizes; and replacing the first set of mantissa codes in the compressed data stream with the second set of mantissa codes to embed the watermark without uncompressing the compressed data stream.