1. A method of decoding video data, the method comprising: decoding a bitstream that comprises an encoded representation of the video data, the bitstream comprising a plurality of layers, wherein decoding the bitstream comprises: obtaining, from the bitstream, one or more syntax elements indicating one or more partitioning schemes, wherein: for each respective partitioning scheme of the one or more partitioning schemes: the respective partitioning scheme specifies a respective set of disjoint partitions whose union forms an output layer set, wherein each respective partition of the respective set of disjoint partitions contains one or more of the layers, the output layer set consisting of all layers of the plurality of layers or a proper subset of the plurality of layers; and decoding each of the partitions of a particular partitioning scheme using different processing cores in a plurality of hardware cores, the particular partitioning scheme being one of the one or more partitioning schemes.