1. A computer-implemented method for distributing pre-rendering processing tasks, the method comprising: mapping visual pre-rendering data processing tasks in a real-time visualization to a visualization processing model, the real-time visualization involving data from a backend system to be rendered by a frontend system; receiving a processing cost model derived from frontend system processing-node information, the cost model computing a cost based at least in part on one or more visual operators determined from a decomposition of a particular visual pre-rendering data processing task during the mapping; determining, using the mapped data processing tasks and the models, an execution plan for the real-time visualization; and for each of the mapped data processing tasks, and according to the determined execution plan, assigning the backend system or the frontend system to perform the task.