1. A data updating system comprising: storage means for storing a current data which includes a plurality of data rows, each of the plurality of data rows has a plurality of data elements corresponding to a plurality of data items; buffer memory means for temporarily storing a plurality of data elements associated with an update instruction; transfer means responsive to the update instruction, for reading and transferring data elements of a data row associated with the update instruction from said storage means to said buffer memory means; and updating means responsive to said transfer means, for updating at least one of said data elements of said associated data row with at least one of new data elements designated by the update instruction in said storage means.