1. A method for determining a plurality of paths in a distributed network of nodes, wherein graph data representing a topology of the distributed network of nodes is partitioned and stored among a plurality of computing servers connected via communication switches, the method comprising: initializing a search, in response to a query specifying a source node and a target node in the distributed network of nodes and a number of shortest paths between the source node and the target node, at an initial computing server of the plurality of computing servers storing a portion of the graph data; performing an iterative asynchronous parallel processing by the plurality of computing servers in determining a plurality of path sequences forming portions of the plurality of paths between the source node and the target node, each of the plurality of computing servers, determining at least one path sequence between at least two immediate neighboring nodes between the source node and the target node; and exchanging the at least one path sequence between the plurality of computing servers storing a respective portion of the graph data between the source node toward the target node upon determining that a path weight of the at least one path sequence is smaller than a cutoff threshold; determining, by the plurality of computing servers, a number of path sequences between the source node and the target node using the path sequences exchanged between the plurality of computing servers, wherein the number of path sequences between the source node and the target node is limited to the specified number of shortest paths; and storing the graph data as an adjacency list data structure encoding edge data of the graph data representing the topology of the distributed network of nodes, wherein the adjacency list is partitioned among the plurality of computing servers and a first computing server of the plurality of computer servers maps an edge between the at least two immediate neighboring nodes, including a source node and a destination node, to a second computer server of the plurality of computer servers storing the portion of the graph data including the destination node.