1. A membrane for conducting an overall function of at least one of a sorting function, a filtering function and an absorbing function of at least one object having an attribute, comprising: a plurality of module units disposed adjacent each other; each module unit of the plurality of module units obtains information of an environment around the module unit; at least a portion of the plurality of module units each perform at least one function based on at least a first control method; and the first control method determines the function based on the information for each of the plurality of module units, wherein the at least a portion of the plurality of module units perform the at least one function to collectively perform the overall function of the membrane based on the attribute of the object.