title: How to divide a column into 5 groups by the column value sorted, and then add column's
body: <p>How to divide an column into 5 groups by the column's value sorted. </p>
  
  <p>and add a column by the groups</p>
  
  <p>for example</p>
  
  <pre><code>import pandas as pd
  df = pd.DataFrame({'x1':[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]})
  </code></pre>
  
  <p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/GADhN.png" alt=""></p>
  
  <p>and I want add columns like this:</p>
  
  <p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/NUUrn.png" alt=""></p>