title: E/JSON Parser: Error parsing data org.json.JSONException: Value <br of type java.lang.String cannot be converted to JSONObject
body: <p>I'm trying to create a simple android login app. I'm using XAMPP MySQL to create the database and server. The android login app is currently just a single activity program that retrieve and validate user login. There is no problem trying logging through <em><a href="http://localhost/webservice/login.php" rel="nofollow">http://localhost/webservice/login.php</a></em> . But there is this problem when I tried to make it into Android app. This is my first time using JSON &amp; I have checked on one of the old questions that may already answered my issue. Help is greatly appreciated.</p>
  
  <p>Android studio <strong>logcat error</strong>, when pressing the login button:</p>
  
  <pre><code>E/JSON Parser: Error parsing data org.json.JSONException: Value &lt;br of type java.lang.String cannot be converted to JSONObject
  </code></pre>
  
  <p><strong>login.java</strong></p>
  
  <pre><code>package com.example.mysqltest;
  
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.List;
  
  import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
  import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
  import org.json.JSONException;
  import org.json.JSONObject;
  
  import android.app.Activity;
  import android.app.ProgressDialog;
  import android.content.Intent;
  import android.os.AsyncTask;
  import android.os.Bundle;
  import android.util.Log;
  import android.view.View;
  import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
  import android.widget.Button;
  import android.widget.EditText;
  import android.widget.Toast;
  
  public class Login extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
  
      private EditText user, pass;
      private Button mSubmit, mRegister;
  
      // Progress Dialog
      private ProgressDialog pDialog;
  
      // JSON parser class
      JSONParser jsonParser = new JSONParser();
  
      //php login script location:
  
      //localhost :
      //testing on your device
      //put your local ip instead,  on windows, run CMD &gt; ipconfig
      //or in mac's terminal type ifconfig and look for the ip under en0 or en1
      // private static final String LOGIN_URL = "http://xxx.xxx.x.x:1234/webservice/login.php";
  
      //testing on Emulator:
      private static final String LOGIN_URL = "http://10.0.2.2:1234/webservice/login.php";
  
      //testing from a real server:
      //private static final String LOGIN_URL = "http://www.yourdomain.com/webservice/login.php";
  
      //JSON element ids from repsonse of php script:
      private static final String TAG_SUCCESS = "success";
      private static final String TAG_MESSAGE = "message";
  
      @Override
      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
          // TODO Auto-generated method stub
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
          setContentView(R.layout.login);
  
          //setup input fields
          user = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.username);
          pass = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.password);
  
          //setup buttons
          mSubmit = (Button)findViewById(R.id.login);
          mRegister = (Button)findViewById(R.id.register);
  
          //register listeners
          mSubmit.setOnClickListener(this);
          mRegister.setOnClickListener(this);
  
      }
  
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v) {
          // TODO Auto-generated method stub
          switch (v.getId()) {
              case R.id.login:
                  String username1 = user.getText().toString();
                  String password1 = pass.getText().toString();
                  new AttemptLogin().execute(username1, password1);
                  Log.d("myTag", "This is");
                  break;
              case R.id.register:
                  Intent i = new Intent(this, Register.class);
                  startActivity(i);
                  break;
  
              default:
                  break;
          }
      }
  
      class AttemptLogin extends AsyncTask&lt;String, String, String&gt; {
  
          /**
           * Before starting background thread Show Progress Dialog
           * */
          boolean failure = false;
  
          @Override
          protected void onPreExecute() {
              super.onPreExecute();
              pDialog = new ProgressDialog(Login.this);
              pDialog.setMessage("Attempting login...");
              pDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
              pDialog.setCancelable(true);
              pDialog.show();
              Log.d("myTag", "This is my");
          }
  
          @Override
          protected String doInBackground(String... args) {
              // TODO Auto-generated method stub
              // Check for success tag
              int success;
              String username = args[0];
              String password = args[1];
              Log.d("myTag", "This is my message");
              try {
                  // Building Parameters
                  List&lt;NameValuePair&gt; params = new ArrayList&lt;NameValuePair&gt;();
                  params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", username));
                  params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password));
  
                  Log.d("request!", "starting");
                  // getting product details by making HTTP request
                  JSONObject json = jsonParser.makeHttpRequest(
                          LOGIN_URL, "POST", params);
  
                  // check your log for json response
                  Log.d("Login attempt", json.toString());
  
                  // json success tag
                  success = json.getInt(TAG_SUCCESS);
                  if (success == 1) {
                      Log.d("Login Successful!", json.toString());
                      Intent i = new Intent(Login.this, ReadComments.class);
                      finish();
                      startActivity(i);
                      return json.getString(TAG_MESSAGE);
                  }else{
                      Log.d("Login Failure!", json.getString(TAG_MESSAGE));
                      return json.getString(TAG_MESSAGE);
  
                  }
              } catch (JSONException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
  
              return null;
  
          }
          /**
           * After completing background task Dismiss the progress dialog
           * **/
          protected void onPostExecute(String file_url) {
              // dismiss the dialog once product deleted
              pDialog.dismiss();
              if (file_url != null){
                  Toast.makeText(Login.this, file_url, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
              }
  
          }
  
      }
  
  }
  </code></pre>
  
  <p><strong>JSONParser.java</strong></p>
  
  <pre><code>package com.example.mysqltest;
  
  import java.io.BufferedReader;
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.io.InputStream;
  import java.io.InputStreamReader;
  import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
  import java.util.List;
  
  import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
  import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
  import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
  import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
  import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
  import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
  import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
  import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
  import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
  import org.json.JSONException;
  import org.json.JSONObject;
  
  import android.util.Log;
  
  public class JSONParser {
  
      static InputStream is = null;
      static JSONObject jObj = null;
      static String json = "";
  
      // constructor
      public JSONParser() {
  
      }
  
  
      public JSONObject getJSONFromUrl(final String url) {
  
          // Making HTTP request
          try {
              // Construct the client and the HTTP request.
              DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
              HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
  
              // Execute the POST request and store the response locally.
              HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
              // Extract data from the response.
              HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
              // Open an inputStream with the data content.
              is = httpEntity.getContent();
  
          } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
  
          try {
              // Create a BufferedReader to parse through the inputStream.
              BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                      is, "iso-8859-1"), 8);
              // Declare a string builder to help with the parsing.
              StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
              // Declare a string to store the JSON object data in string form.
              String line = null;
  
              // Build the string until null.
              while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                  sb.append(line + "\n");
              }
  
              // Close the input stream.
              is.close();
              // Convert the string builder data to an actual string.
              json = sb.toString();
          } catch (Exception e) {
              Log.e("Buffer Error", "Error converting result " + e.toString());
          }
  
          // Try to parse the string to a JSON object
          try {
              jObj = new JSONObject(json);
          } catch (JSONException e) {
              Log.e("JSON Parser", "Error parsing data " + e.toString());
          }
  
          // Return the JSON Object.
          return jObj;
  
      }
  
  
      // function get json from url
      // by making HTTP POST or GET mehtod
      public JSONObject makeHttpRequest(String url, String method,
                                        List&lt;NameValuePair&gt; params) {
  
          // Making HTTP request
          try {
  
              // check for request method
              if(method == "POST"){
                  // request method is POST
                  // defaultHttpClient
                  DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
                  HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
                  httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params));
  
                  HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
                  HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
                  is = httpEntity.getContent();
  
              }else if(method == "GET"){
                  // request method is GET
                  DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
                  String paramString = URLEncodedUtils.format(params, "utf-8");
                  url += "?" + paramString;
                  HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
  
                  HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
                  HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
                  is = httpEntity.getContent();
              }
  
          } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
  
          try {
              BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                      is, "iso-8859-1"), 8);
              StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
              String line = null;
              while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                  sb.append(line + "\n");
              }
              is.close();
              json = sb.toString();
          } catch (Exception e) {
              Log.e("Buffer Error", "Error converting result " + e.toString());
          }
  
          // try parse the string to a JSON object
          try {
              jObj = new JSONObject(json);
          } catch (JSONException e) {
              Log.e("JSON Parser", "Error parsing data " + e.toString());
          }
  
          // return JSON String
          return jObj;
  
      }
  }
  </code></pre>