title: Explain "claims-based authentication" to a 5-year-old
body: <p>Well, not exactly to a 5-year-old, but please avoid buzzword and enterprisespeak if possible.</p>
  
  <p>Claims-based authentication seems to be all the rage now, but I could not find a simple and down-to-earth explanation of what it actually is, how is it different from what we have now (I assume "what we have now" to be role-based authentication), what are the benefits of using it, etc.</p>