title: Foreground service not receiving location updates in Android 7.0+ when screen is off
body: <p>I am trying to create an Android application that continuously logs device location data in realtime while the device screen is off. My code works correctly with Android 6.0 and earlier but it seems that Android 7.0+ breaks my app. </p>
  
  <p>I have implemented an Android foreground service that uses a wakelock and subscribes to the Google FusedLocation API. Once the screen is turned off the <code>onLocationChanged</code> callback is never triggered.</p>
  
  <p>Has anyone seen a solution to this problem? I have tried disabling Battery Optimization through the Android Device Settings for my app as well as for the Google Services Framework and the Fused Location.</p>
  
  <pre><code>public class ForegroundLocationService extends Service implements
          GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks,
          GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener,
          LocationListener {
  
      private static final String TAG = ForegroundLocationService.class.getSimpleName();
  
      // the notification id for the foreground notification
      public static final int GPS_NOTIFICATION = 1;
  
      // the interval in seconds that gps updates are requested
      private static final int UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_SECONDS = 15;
  
      // is this service currently running in the foreground?
      private boolean isForeground = false;
  
      // the google api client
      private GoogleApiClient googleApiClient;
  
      // the wakelock used to keep the app alive while the screen is off
      private PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock;
  
      @Override
      public void onCreate() {
          super.onCreate();
  
          // create google api client
          googleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
                  .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                  .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                  .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                  .build();
  
          // get a wakelock from the power manager
          final PowerManager powerManager = (PowerManager) getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
          wakeLock = powerManager.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, TAG);
      }
  
      @Override
      public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
  
          if (!isForeground) {
  
              Log.v(TAG, "Starting the " + this.getClass().getSimpleName());
  
              startForeground(ForegroundLocationService.GPS_NOTIFICATION,
                      notifyUserThatLocationServiceStarted());
              isForeground = true;
  
              // connect to google api client
              googleApiClient.connect();
  
              // acquire wakelock
              wakeLock.acquire();
          }
  
          return START_REDELIVER_INTENT;
      }
  
      @Override
      public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
          return null;
      }
  
      @Override
      public void onDestroy() {
  
          Log.v(TAG, "Stopping the " + this.getClass().getSimpleName());
  
          stopForeground(true);
          isForeground = false;
  
          // disconnect from google api client
          googleApiClient.disconnect();
  
          // release wakelock if it is held
          if (null != wakeLock &amp;&amp; wakeLock.isHeld()) {
              wakeLock.release();
          }
  
          super.onDestroy();
      }
  
      private LocationRequest getLocationRequest() {
  
          LocationRequest locationRequest = LocationRequest.create();
  
          // we always want the highest accuracy
          locationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY);
  
          // we want to make sure that we get an updated location at the specified interval
          locationRequest.setInterval(TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(0));
  
          // this sets the fastest interval that the app can receive updates from other apps accessing
          // the location service. for example, if Google Maps is running in the background
          // we can update our location from what it sees every five seconds
          locationRequest.setFastestInterval(TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(0));
          locationRequest.setMaxWaitTime(TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_SECONDS));
  
          return locationRequest;
      }
  
      private Notification notifyUserThatLocationServiceStarted() {
  
          // pop up a notification that the location service is running
          Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, NotificationActivity.class);
          PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
                  notificationIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);
  
          final Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this)
                  .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher_foreground)
                  .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.foreground_location_service))
                  .setContentText(getString(R.string.service_is_running))
                  .setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
                  .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());
  
          final Notification notification;
          if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT &lt; 16) {
              notification = builder.getNotification();
          } else {
              notification = builder.build();
          }
  
          return notification;
      }
  
      @Override
      public void onConnected(@Nullable Bundle bundle) {
  
          try {
  
              // request location updates from the fused location provider
              LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.requestLocationUpdates(
                      googleApiClient, getLocationRequest(), this);
  
          } catch (SecurityException securityException) {
              Log.e(TAG, "Exception while requesting location updates", securityException);
          }
      }
  
      @Override
      public void onConnectionSuspended(int i) {
          Log.i(TAG, "Google API Client suspended.");
      }
  
      @Override
      public void onConnectionFailed(@NonNull ConnectionResult connectionResult) {
          Log.e(TAG, "Failed to connect to Google API Client.");
      }
  
      @Override
      public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
          Log.e(TAG, "onLocationChanged: " + location.toString());
      }
  }
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>I have included a complete working sample of the code that I am using to test here:
  <a href="https://github.com/joshuajwitter/ForegroundLocationService" rel="noreferrer">https://github.com/joshuajwitter/ForegroundLocationService</a></p>
  
  <p><a href="https://community.fitbit.com/t5/Android-App/Android-Oreo-GPS-Issue/td-p/2177717" rel="noreferrer">FitBit seems to have the same issue, here is the discussion</a></p>
  
  <p>Here are the resources that I have already looked at:</p>
  
  <p><a href="https://developer.android.com/preview/o-samples.html" rel="noreferrer">Code Samples for Android O</a></p>
  
  <p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41599677/keep-app-running-in-background-on-android-all-the-time/41772487#41772487">Keep app running in background on Android all the time</a></p>
  
  <p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41965789/android-get-the-location-when-the-screen-is-off">Android, get the location when the screen is off</a></p>
  
  <p><a href="https://developer.android.com/about/versions/oreo/background-location-limits.html" rel="noreferrer">Background Location Limits</a></p>
  
  <p><a href="https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/63937937" rel="noreferrer">Inconsistent location updates in foreground service when in deep sleep (doze)</a> </p>
  
  <p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44811812/foreground-service-not-receiving-location-updates-in-doze-mode-in-android-o">Foreground service not receiving location updates in Doze mode in Android O</a></p>
  
  <p>EDIT 2018.01.30: I have also tried running the ForegroundLocationService in its own process:</p>
  
  <pre><code>&lt;service
      android:name="foregroundlocation.stackoverflowexample.com.foregroundlocation.ForegroundLocationService"
      android:enabled="true"
      android:stopWithTask="false"
      android:process=":ForegroundLocationService"
      android:exported="false" &gt;
  &lt;/service&gt;
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>as well as updating my code to use the <code>FusedLocationProviderClient</code>, still no luck.</p>