title: Python CRC-32 woes
body: <p>I'm writing a Python program to extract data from the middle of a 6 GB bz2 file. A bzip2 file is made up of independently decryptable blocks of data, so I only need to find a block (they are delimited by magic bits), then create a temporary one-block bzip2 file from it in memory, and finally pass that to the bz2.decompress function. Easy, no?</p>
  
  <p>The bzip2 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bzip2" rel="nofollow">format</a> has a crc32 checksum for the file at the end. No problem, binascii.crc32 to the rescue. But wait. The data to be checksummed does not necessarily end on a byte boundary, and the crc32 function operates on a whole number of bytes.</p>
  
  <p>My plan: Use the binascii.crc32 function on all but the last byte, and then a function of my own to update the computed crc with the last 1–7 bits. But hours of coding and testing has left me bewildered, and my puzzlement can be boiled down to this question: How come crc32("\x00") is not 0x00000000? Shouldn't it be, according to the Wikipedia article? </p>
  
  <p>You start with 0b00000000 and pad with 32 0's, then do polynomial division with 0x04C11DB7 until there are no ones left in the first 8 bits, which is immediately. Your last 32 bits is the checksum, and how can that not be all zeroes?</p>
  
  <p>I've searched Google for answers and looked at the code of several CRC-32 implementations without finding any clue to why this is so.</p>