title: Kafka inaccessible once inside Kubernetes/Minikube
body: <p>I need to run Kafka in a local Kubernetes instance (using Minikube) and to have the resulting Kafka service accessible to client applications (publishers and subscribers) outside the Minikube VM.</p>
  
  <p>I have everything up and running in Minikube but I suppose that I have made a configuration mistake since I cannot access Kafka from outside. I have read similar questions and tried there suggested solutions but none of them solved the issue for me.</p>
  
  <p>I have posted my YAML configuration files at <a href="https://github.com/thomasleplus/docker-kafka" rel="noreferrer">https://github.com/thomasleplus/docker-kafka</a> as well as the shell script that I am using to start the whole thing on my Ubuntu machine. I would really appreciate it if someone could help me spot what I have missed.</p>
  
  <p>Here's my configuration so far:</p>
  
  <pre><code>$ kubectl describe service kafka-service
  Name:           kafka-service
  Namespace:      default
  Labels:         run=kafka
  Annotations:        &lt;none&gt;
  Selector:       run=kafka
  Type:           NodePort
  IP:         10.0.0.121
  Port:           kafka-port  30123/TCP
  NodePort:       kafka-port  30123/TCP
  Endpoints:      172.17.0.3:9092
  Session Affinity:   None
  Events:         &lt;none&gt;
  
  $ kubectl describe deployment kafka-deployment
  Name:           kafka-deployment
  Namespace:      default
  CreationTimestamp:  Thu, 17 Aug 2017 20:42:51 -0700
  Labels:         run=kafka
  Annotations:        deployment.kubernetes.io/revision=1
  Selector:       run=kafka
  Replicas:       1 desired | 1 updated | 1 total | 1 available | 0 unavailable
  StrategyType:       RollingUpdate
  MinReadySeconds:    0
  RollingUpdateStrategy:  1 max unavailable, 1 max surge
  Pod Template:
    Labels:   run=kafka
    Containers:
     kafka-service:
      Image:  wurstmeister/kafka
      Port:   9092/TCP
      Environment:
        KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME:   192.168.99.100
        KAFKA_ADVERTISED_PORT:        30123
        KAFKA_BROKER_ID:          1
        KAFKA_ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT:      zookeeper-service:2181
      Mounts:             &lt;none&gt;
    Volumes:              &lt;none&gt;
  Conditions:
    Type      Status  Reason
    ----      ------  ------
    Available     True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  OldReplicaSets: &lt;none&gt;
  NewReplicaSet:  kafka-deployment-2817439001 (1/1 replicas created)
  Events:
    FirstSeen LastSeen    Count   From            SubObjectPath   Type        Reason          Message
    --------- --------    -----   ----            -------------   --------    ------          -------
    15m       15m     1   deployment-controller           Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set kafka-deployment-2817439001 to 1
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>The logs:</p>
  
  <pre><code>waiting for kafka to be ready
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,296] INFO KafkaConfig values: 
      advertised.host.name = null
      advertised.listeners = PLAINTEXT://192.168.99.100:30123
      advertised.port = null
      alter.config.policy.class.name = null
      authorizer.class.name = 
      auto.create.topics.enable = true
      auto.leader.rebalance.enable = true
      background.threads = 10
      broker.id = 1
      broker.id.generation.enable = true
      broker.rack = null
      compression.type = producer
      connections.max.idle.ms = 600000
      controlled.shutdown.enable = true
      controlled.shutdown.max.retries = 3
      controlled.shutdown.retry.backoff.ms = 5000
      controller.socket.timeout.ms = 30000
      create.topic.policy.class.name = null
      default.replication.factor = 1
      delete.records.purgatory.purge.interval.requests = 1
      delete.topic.enable = false
      fetch.purgatory.purge.interval.requests = 1000
      group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms = 0
      group.max.session.timeout.ms = 300000
      group.min.session.timeout.ms = 6000
      host.name = 
      inter.broker.listener.name = null
      inter.broker.protocol.version = 0.11.0-IV2
      leader.imbalance.check.interval.seconds = 300
      leader.imbalance.per.broker.percentage = 10
      listener.security.protocol.map = SSL:SSL,SASL_PLAINTEXT:SASL_PLAINTEXT,TRACE:TRACE,SASL_SSL:SASL_SSL,PLAINTEXT:PLAINTEXT
      listeners = PLAINTEXT://:9092
      log.cleaner.backoff.ms = 15000
      log.cleaner.dedupe.buffer.size = 134217728
      log.cleaner.delete.retention.ms = 86400000
      log.cleaner.enable = true
      log.cleaner.io.buffer.load.factor = 0.9
      log.cleaner.io.buffer.size = 524288
      log.cleaner.io.max.bytes.per.second = 1.7976931348623157E308
      log.cleaner.min.cleanable.ratio = 0.5
      log.cleaner.min.compaction.lag.ms = 0
      log.cleaner.threads = 1
      log.cleanup.policy = [delete]
      log.dir = /tmp/kafka-logs
      log.dirs = /kafka/kafka-logs-kafka-deployment-2817439001-tqbjq
      log.flush.interval.messages = 9223372036854775807
      log.flush.interval.ms = null
      log.flush.offset.checkpoint.interval.ms = 60000
      log.flush.scheduler.interval.ms = 9223372036854775807
      log.flush.start.offset.checkpoint.interval.ms = 60000
      log.index.interval.bytes = 4096
      log.index.size.max.bytes = 10485760
      log.message.format.version = 0.11.0-IV2
      log.message.timestamp.difference.max.ms = 9223372036854775807
      log.message.timestamp.type = CreateTime
      log.preallocate = false
      log.retention.bytes = -1
      log.retention.check.interval.ms = 300000
      log.retention.hours = 168
      log.retention.minutes = null
      log.retention.ms = null
      log.roll.hours = 168
      log.roll.jitter.hours = 0
      log.roll.jitter.ms = null
      log.roll.ms = null
      log.segment.bytes = 1073741824
      log.segment.delete.delay.ms = 60000
      max.connections.per.ip = 2147483647
      max.connections.per.ip.overrides = 
      message.max.bytes = 1000012
      metric.reporters = []
      metrics.num.samples = 2
      metrics.recording.level = INFO
      metrics.sample.window.ms = 30000
      min.insync.replicas = 1
      num.io.threads = 8
      num.network.threads = 3
      num.partitions = 1
      num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir = 1
      num.replica.fetchers = 1
      offset.metadata.max.bytes = 4096
      offsets.commit.required.acks = -1
      offsets.commit.timeout.ms = 5000
      offsets.load.buffer.size = 5242880
      offsets.retention.check.interval.ms = 600000
      offsets.retention.minutes = 1440
      offsets.topic.compression.codec = 0
      offsets.topic.num.partitions = 50
      offsets.topic.replication.factor = 1
      offsets.topic.segment.bytes = 104857600
      port = 9092
      principal.builder.class = class org.apache.kafka.common.security.auth.DefaultPrincipalBuilder
      producer.purgatory.purge.interval.requests = 1000
      queued.max.requests = 500
      quota.consumer.default = 9223372036854775807
      quota.producer.default = 9223372036854775807
      quota.window.num = 11
      quota.window.size.seconds = 1
      replica.fetch.backoff.ms = 1000
      replica.fetch.max.bytes = 1048576
      replica.fetch.min.bytes = 1
      replica.fetch.response.max.bytes = 10485760
      replica.fetch.wait.max.ms = 500
      replica.high.watermark.checkpoint.interval.ms = 5000
      replica.lag.time.max.ms = 10000
      replica.socket.receive.buffer.bytes = 65536
      replica.socket.timeout.ms = 30000
      replication.quota.window.num = 11
      replication.quota.window.size.seconds = 1
      request.timeout.ms = 30000
      reserved.broker.max.id = 1000
      sasl.enabled.mechanisms = [GSSAPI]
      sasl.kerberos.kinit.cmd = /usr/bin/kinit
      sasl.kerberos.min.time.before.relogin = 60000
      sasl.kerberos.principal.to.local.rules = [DEFAULT]
      sasl.kerberos.service.name = null
      sasl.kerberos.ticket.renew.jitter = 0.05
      sasl.kerberos.ticket.renew.window.factor = 0.8
      sasl.mechanism.inter.broker.protocol = GSSAPI
      security.inter.broker.protocol = PLAINTEXT
      socket.receive.buffer.bytes = 102400
      socket.request.max.bytes = 104857600
      socket.send.buffer.bytes = 102400
      ssl.cipher.suites = null
      ssl.client.auth = none
      ssl.enabled.protocols = [TLSv1.2, TLSv1.1, TLSv1]
      ssl.endpoint.identification.algorithm = null
      ssl.key.password = null
      ssl.keymanager.algorithm = SunX509
      ssl.keystore.location = null
      ssl.keystore.password = null
      ssl.keystore.type = JKS
      ssl.protocol = TLS
      ssl.provider = null
      ssl.secure.random.implementation = null
      ssl.trustmanager.algorithm = PKIX
      ssl.truststore.location = null
      ssl.truststore.password = null
      ssl.truststore.type = JKS
      transaction.abort.timed.out.transaction.cleanup.interval.ms = 60000
      transaction.max.timeout.ms = 900000
      transaction.remove.expired.transaction.cleanup.interval.ms = 3600000
      transaction.state.log.load.buffer.size = 5242880
      transaction.state.log.min.isr = 1
      transaction.state.log.num.partitions = 50
      transaction.state.log.replication.factor = 1
      transaction.state.log.segment.bytes = 104857600
      transactional.id.expiration.ms = 604800000
      unclean.leader.election.enable = false
      zookeeper.connect = zookeeper-service:2181
      zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms = 6000
      zookeeper.session.timeout.ms = 6000
      zookeeper.set.acl = false
      zookeeper.sync.time.ms = 2000
   (kafka.server.KafkaConfig)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,436] INFO starting (kafka.server.KafkaServer)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,439] INFO Connecting to zookeeper on zookeeper-service:2181 (kafka.server.KafkaServer)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,467] INFO Starting ZkClient event thread. (org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkEventThread)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,472] INFO Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.4.10-39d3a4f269333c922ed3db283be479f9deacaa0f, built on 03/23/2017 10:13 GMT (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,472] INFO Client environment:host.name=kafka-deployment-2817439001-tqbjq (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,473] INFO Client environment:java.version=1.8.0_131 (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,473] INFO Client environment:java.vendor=Oracle Corporation (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,473] INFO Client environment:java.home=/opt/jdk1.8.0_131/jre (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,473] INFO Client environment:java.class.path=:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/aopalliance-repackaged-2.5.0-b05.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/argparse4j-0.7.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/commons-lang3-3.5.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/connect-api-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/connect-file-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/connect-json-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/connect-runtime-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/connect-transforms-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/guava-20.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/hk2-api-2.5.0-b05.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/hk2-locator-2.5.0-b05.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/hk2-utils-2.5.0-b05.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-annotations-2.8.5.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-core-2.8.5.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-databind-2.8.5.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-jaxrs-base-2.8.5.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-jaxrs-json-provider-2.8.5.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-module-jaxb-annotations-2.8.5.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/javassist-3.21.0-GA.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/javax.annotation-api-1.2.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/javax.inject-1.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/javax.inject-2.5.0-b05.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/javax.servlet-api-3.1.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/javax.ws.rs-api-2.0.1.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-client-2.24.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-common-2.24.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-container-servlet-2.24.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-container-servlet-core-2.24.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-guava-2.24.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-media-jaxb-2.24.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-server-2.24.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-continuation-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-http-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-io-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-security-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-servlet-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-servlets-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/jopt-simple-5.0.3.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka-clients-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka-log4j-appender-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka-streams-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka-streams-examples-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka-tools-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0-sources.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0-test-sources.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/lz4-1.3.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/maven-artifact-3.5.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/metrics-core-2.2.0.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/osgi-resource-locator-1.0.1.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/plexus-utils-3.0.24.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/reflections-0.9.11.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/rocksdbjni-5.0.1.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/scala-library-2.12.2.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/scala-parser-combinators_2.12-1.0.4.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/slf4j-api-1.7.25.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.25.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/snappy-java-1.1.2.6.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/zkclient-0.10.jar:/opt/kafka/bin/../libs/zookeeper-3.4.10.jar (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,473] INFO Client environment:java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,473] INFO Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,473] INFO Client environment:java.compiler=&lt;NA&gt; (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,473] INFO Client environment:os.name=Linux (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,473] INFO Client environment:os.arch=amd64 (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,474] INFO Client environment:os.version=4.9.13 (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,474] INFO Client environment:user.name=root (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,474] INFO Client environment:user.home=/root (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,474] INFO Client environment:user.dir=/ (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,475] INFO Initiating client connection, connectString=zookeeper-service:2181 sessionTimeout=6000 watcher=org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient@6d2a209c (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,500] INFO Waiting for keeper state SyncConnected (org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,505] INFO Opening socket connection to server zookeeper-service.default.svc.cluster.local/10.0.0.56:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error) (org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,516] INFO Socket connection established to zookeeper-service.default.svc.cluster.local/10.0.0.56:2181, initiating session (org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,558] INFO Session establishment complete on server zookeeper-service.default.svc.cluster.local/10.0.0.56:2181, sessionid = 0x15df39b70410000, negotiated timeout = 6000 (org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,560] INFO zookeeper state changed (SyncConnected) (org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,682] INFO Cluster ID = V2Mj7cI3SMG_VoQxmtb9Tw (kafka.server.KafkaServer)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,685] WARN No meta.properties file under dir /kafka/kafka-logs-kafka-deployment-2817439001-tqbjq/meta.properties (kafka.server.BrokerMetadataCheckpoint)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,727] INFO [ThrottledRequestReaper-Fetch]: Starting (kafka.server.ClientQuotaManager$ThrottledRequestReaper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,727] INFO [ThrottledRequestReaper-Produce]: Starting (kafka.server.ClientQuotaManager$ThrottledRequestReaper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,728] INFO [ThrottledRequestReaper-Request]: Starting (kafka.server.ClientQuotaManager$ThrottledRequestReaper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,801] INFO Log directory '/kafka/kafka-logs-kafka-deployment-2817439001-tqbjq' not found, creating it. (kafka.log.LogManager)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,810] INFO Loading logs. (kafka.log.LogManager)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,819] INFO Logs loading complete in 9 ms. (kafka.log.LogManager)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,891] INFO Starting log cleanup with a period of 300000 ms. (kafka.log.LogManager)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,899] INFO Starting log flusher with a default period of 9223372036854775807 ms. (kafka.log.LogManager)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,960] INFO Awaiting socket connections on 0.0.0.0:9092. (kafka.network.Acceptor)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,965] INFO [Socket Server on Broker 1], Started 1 acceptor threads (kafka.network.SocketServer)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,982] INFO [ExpirationReaper-1-Produce]: Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,985] INFO [ExpirationReaper-1-Fetch]: Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:00,989] INFO [ExpirationReaper-1-DeleteRecords]: Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,089] INFO [ExpirationReaper-1-topic]: Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,090] INFO Creating /controller (is it secure? false) (kafka.utils.ZKCheckedEphemeral)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,101] INFO Result of znode creation is: OK (kafka.utils.ZKCheckedEphemeral)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,101] INFO [ExpirationReaper-1-Heartbeat]: Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,128] INFO [ExpirationReaper-1-Rebalance]: Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,164] INFO [GroupCoordinator 1]: Starting up. (kafka.coordinator.group.GroupCoordinator)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,170] INFO [GroupCoordinator 1]: Startup complete. (kafka.coordinator.group.GroupCoordinator)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,178] INFO [Group Metadata Manager on Broker 1]: Removed 0 expired offsets in 11 milliseconds. (kafka.coordinator.group.GroupMetadataManager)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,200] INFO [ProducerId Manager 1]: Acquired new producerId block (brokerId:1,blockStartProducerId:0,blockEndProducerId:999) by writing to Zk with path version 1 (kafka.coordinator.transaction.ProducerIdManager)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,259] INFO [Transaction Coordinator 1]: Starting up. (kafka.coordinator.transaction.TransactionCoordinator)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,277] INFO [Transaction Coordinator 1]: Startup complete. (kafka.coordinator.transaction.TransactionCoordinator)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,277] INFO [Transaction Marker Channel Manager 1]: Starting (kafka.coordinator.transaction.TransactionMarkerChannelManager)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,335] INFO Will not load MX4J, mx4j-tools.jar is not in the classpath (kafka.utils.Mx4jLoader$)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,374] INFO Creating /brokers/ids/1 (is it secure? false) (kafka.utils.ZKCheckedEphemeral)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,378] INFO Result of znode creation is: OK (kafka.utils.ZKCheckedEphemeral)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,381] INFO Registered broker 1 at path /brokers/ids/1 with addresses: EndPoint(192.168.99.100,30123,ListenerName(PLAINTEXT),PLAINTEXT) (kafka.utils.ZkUtils)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,383] WARN No meta.properties file under dir /kafka/kafka-logs-kafka-deployment-2817439001-tqbjq/meta.properties (kafka.server.BrokerMetadataCheckpoint)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,394] INFO Kafka version : 0.11.0.0 (org.apache.kafka.common.utils.AppInfoParser)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,394] INFO Kafka commitId : cb8625948210849f (org.apache.kafka.common.utils.AppInfoParser)
  [2017-08-18 04:31:01,395] INFO [Kafka Server 1], started (kafka.server.KafkaServer)
  [2017-08-18 04:41:01,167] INFO [Group Metadata Manager on Broker 1]: Removed 0 expired offsets in 0 milliseconds. (kafka.coordinator.group.GroupMetadataManager)
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>Most answers to similar questions recommend to use the service type NodePort as I do. And to use port/targetPort/nodePort to map the default 9092 port of Kafka to an exposable port (I chose 30123).</p>
  
  <pre><code>$ minikube service kafka-service --url
  http://192.168.99.100:30123
  
  $ nmap 192.168.99.100 -p 30123
  
  Starting Nmap 7.40 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2017-08-17 20:43 PDT
  Nmap scan report for 192.168.99.100
  Host is up (0.00036s latency).
  PORT      STATE SERVICE
  30123/tcp open  unknown
  
  Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 13.06 seconds
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>In the end, it looks like 192.168.99.100:30123 should be the way to access Kafka from outside Minikube (so that's what I've put in <code>KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME</code> and <code>KAFKA_ADVERTISED_PORT</code>) yet clients can't connect using these:</p>
  
  <pre><code>$ kafkacat -C -b 192.168.99.100:30123 -t demo
  % ERROR: Topic demo error: Broker: Leader not available
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>Finally some answers mention potential firewall interference so I have tried disabling my machine's firewall but it didn't change anything. If I need to disable the firewall inside the Minikube VM, I am not sure how to do that.</p>
  
  <p>Any help would be greatly appreciated.</p>