title: ORM solutions (JPA; Hibernate) vs. JDBC
body: <p>I need to be able to insert/update objects at a consistent rate of at least 8000 objects every 5 seconds in an in-memory HSQL database.</p>
  
  <p>I have done some comparison performance testing between Spring/Hibernate/JPA and pure JDBC.  I have found a significant difference in performance using HSQL..  With Spring/Hib/JPA, I can insert 3000-4000 of my 1.5 KB objects (with a One-Many and a Many-Many relationship) in 5 seconds, while with direct JDBC calls I can insert 10,000-12,000 of those same objects. </p>
  
  <p>I cannot figure out why there is such a huge discrepancy.  I have tweaked the Spring/Hib/JPA settings a lot trying to get close in performance without luck.  I want to use Spring/Hib/JPA for future purposes, expandability, and because the foreign key relationships (one-many and many-many) are difficult to maintain by hand; but the performance requirements seem to point towards using pure JDBC.</p>
  
  <p>Any ideas of why there would be such a huge discrepancy? </p>