title: Error: inflating class com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
body: <p>Error: inflating class com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView</p>
  
  <p>My app working above API level 26 or higher but stoped working bellow API level 26.
  Please help.</p>
  
  <p>Why does XML returns error in inflating class, and stoped working in lower API level? </p>
  
  <p><strong>Error Report:</strong></p>
  
  <pre><code>java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.silverfoxsoft.concretepumpandconstructioncalculator/com.silverfoxsoft.concretepumpandconstructioncalculator.MainActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #17: Error inflating class com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
          at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2298)
          at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2360)
          at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:144)
          at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1278)
          at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
          at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
          at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5221)
          at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
          at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
          at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:899)
          at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:694)
       Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #17: Error inflating class com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
  </code></pre>
  
  <p><strong>activity.main</strong></p>
  
  <pre><code>&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;
  &lt;androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
      xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
      android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
      android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
      tools:openDrawer="start"
      &gt;
  
      &lt;include
          layout="@layout/app_bar_main"
          android:layout_width="match_parent"
          android:layout_height="match_parent" /&gt;
  
      &lt;com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
          android:id="@+id/nav_view"
          android:layout_width="wrap_content"
          android:layout_height="match_parent"
          android:layout_gravity="start"
          android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
          app:headerLayout="@layout/nav_header_main"
          app:menu="@menu/activity_main_drawer"
          app:backgroundTint="@color/dark_bg_color"
          app:itemTextColor="#79847A"/&gt;
  
  &lt;/androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout&gt;
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>**ActivityMain.java ** here I'm using the XML file </p>
  
  <pre><code>package com.silverfoxsoft.concretepumpandconstructioncalculator;
  
  import android.app.NotificationChannel;
  import android.app.NotificationManager;
  import android.content.Intent;
  import android.os.Build;
  import android.os.Bundle;
  
  import com.google.android.gms.tasks.OnCompleteListener;
  import com.google.android.gms.tasks.Task;
  import com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton;
  import com.google.android.material.snackbar.Snackbar;
  
  import android.view.MenuItem;
  import android.view.View;
  
  import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
  import androidx.navigation.NavController;
  import androidx.navigation.Navigation;
  import androidx.navigation.ui.AppBarConfiguration;
  import androidx.navigation.ui.NavigationUI;
  
  import com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView;
  import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessaging;
  
  import androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout;
  
  import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
  import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;
  
  import android.view.Menu;
  import android.widget.Toast;
  
  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
      private long backPressedTime;
      private AppBarConfiguration mAppBarConfiguration;
  
      @Override
      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
          setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  
          if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT &gt;= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
              NotificationChannel channel =
                      new NotificationChannel("Mynotification", "MyNotification", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
              NotificationManager manager = getSystemService(NotificationManager.class);
              assert manager != null;
              manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
          }
  
          FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().subscribeToTopic("general")
                  .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener&lt;Void&gt;() {
                      @Override
                      public void onComplete(@NonNull Task&lt;Void&gt; task) {
                          String msg = "Connected to Firebase!";
                          if (!task.isSuccessful()) {
                              msg = "Failed";
                          }
                          //Log.d(TAG, msg);
                          Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                      }
                  });
  
          Toolbar toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
          setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
          FloatingActionButton fab = findViewById(R.id.fab);
          fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
              @Override
              public void onClick(View view) {
                  Snackbar.make(view, "Email your feedback or suggestion", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)
                          .setAction("Action", null).show();
                  Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
                          "Select Email option only!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                  //Thread.sleep(2000);
                  Intent email = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
                  email.setType("plain/text");
                  String[] address = {"silverfoxsofts@gmail.com"};
  
                  email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, address);
                  email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Feed Back/Suggestion for MIXO - Construction Manager App");
                  email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "\nType your feedback or suggestion here.\n\n");
                  startActivity(email);
              }
          });
          DrawerLayout drawer = findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
          NavigationView navigationView = findViewById(R.id.nav_view);
          // Passing each menu ID as a set of Ids because each
          // menu should be considered as top level destinations.
          mAppBarConfiguration = new AppBarConfiguration.Builder(
                  R.id.nav_home, R.id.nav_gallery, R.id.nav_slideshow,
                  R.id.nav_tools, R.id.nav_share, R.id.nav_send)
                  .setDrawerLayout(drawer)
                  .build();
          NavController navController = Navigation.findNavController(this, R.id.nav_host_fragment);
          NavigationUI.setupActionBarWithNavController(this, navController, mAppBarConfiguration);
          NavigationUI.setupWithNavController(navigationView, navController);
      }
  
      @Override
      public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
          // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
          getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
          return true;
      }
  
      @Override
      public boolean onSupportNavigateUp() {
          NavController navController = Navigation.findNavController(this, R.id.nav_host_fragment);
          return NavigationUI.navigateUp(navController, mAppBarConfiguration)
                  || super.onSupportNavigateUp();
      }
  
      @Override
      public void onBackPressed() {
          if(backPressedTime + 2000 &gt; System.currentTimeMillis()) {
              super.onBackPressed();
          } else {
              Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
                      "Press back again to exit", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
          }
          backPressedTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
      }
  
      @Override
      public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
          switch (item.getItemId()){
              case R.id.action_settings:
                  Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
                          "Privacy Policy", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                  Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, Privacy_Policy.class);
                  startActivity(intent);
          }
          return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
      }
  }
  </code></pre>