title: Animate change of view controllers without using navigation controller stack, subviews or modal controllers?
body: <p>NavigationControllers have ViewController stacks to manage, and limited animation transitions.</p>
  
  <p>Adding a view controller as a sub-view to an existing view controller requires passing events to the sub-view controller, which is a pain to manage, loaded with little annoyances and in general feels like a bad hack when implementing (Apple also recommends against doing this).</p>
  
  <p>Presenting a modal view controller again places a view controller on top of another, and while it doesn't have the event passing problems described above, it doesn't really 'swap' the view controller, it stacks it.</p>
  
  <p>Storyboards are limited to iOS 5, and are almost ideal, but cannot be used in all projects.</p>
  
  <p>Can someone present a SOLID CODE EXAMPLE on a way to change view controllers without the above limitations and allows for animated transitions between them?</p>
  
  <p>A close example, but no animation:
  <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6817213/how-to-use-multiple-ios-custom-view-controllers-without-a-navigation-controller">How to use multiple iOS custom view controllers without a navigation controller</a></p>
  
  <p>Edit: Nav Controller use is fine, but there needs to be animated transition styles (not simply the slide effects) the view controller being shown needs to be swapped completely (not stacked).  If the second view controller must remove another view controller from the stack, then it's not encapsulated enough.</p>
  
  <p>Edit 2: iOS 4 should be the base OS for this question, I should have clarified that when mentioning storyboards (above).</p>