title: Efficient way to manipulate large powers of two
body: <p>The most efficient way to code powers of two is by bit shifting of integers.</p>
  
  <p><code>1 &lt;&lt; n</code> gives me <code>2^n</code></p>
  
  <p>However, if I have a number that is larger than the largest value allowed in an <code>int</code> or a <code>long</code>, what can I use to efficiently manipulate powers of 2?</p>
  
  <p>(I need to be able to perform addition, multiplication, division and modulus operations on the number)</p>