

In

> 人が話す声が熊に聞こえると、熊が近くに来なくなります。

What does "来なくなります" mean?

I assume it is くる + ない + なる, then こなくなる, then こなくなります. I have difficulty
understand why is なる needed. I searched in dictionary and found 無くなる is a word
by itself but it is not negation like ない。

Why not just 熊が近くに来ないです? Is there some kind of idiomatic phrase I'm missing?

Thanks!


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grammar newspaper-grammar
What does "来なくなります" mean?


The key verb here is なる, which basically means "to become". In its simplest
use case, you can apply it to adjectives:

  * 強くなる  
to become strong

  * 強くなくなる  
to become not strong → to stop being strong / to become weaker

なる is more versatile than English "become"; you can apply it also to verbs and
express a change of situation (ability, habit, etc.). However, you need ように
between the two verbs.

  * 学校に行くようになる  
to start to go to school

  * 自転車に乗れるようになる  
to come to be able to ride a bicycle

You can construct a negative version of these:

  * 学校に行かないようになる  
to start not to go to school → to stop going to school

  * 自転車に乗れないようになる  
to come to be unable to ride a bicycle

Now, remember that Japanese ない conjugates like an adjective. This means you
can directly attach ない and なる without ように, just like the first example above!

  * 学校に行かなくなる  
to start not to go to school → to stop going to school

  * 自転車に乗れなくなる  
to come to be unable to ride a bicycle

You can use this handy shortcut only when the main verb is negated, but it's
usually preferred over ～ないようになる. Therefore, 熊が近くに来なくなります is the same as
熊が近くに来ないようになります, and means "bears will stop coming closer" or "(with this,)
bears won't come nearby anymore". Notice the _change in state_ is expressed by
なります, which is the key difference from 熊が近くに来ません. (By the way, to simply
negate a verb, say 来ません instead of 来ないです.)

For details and more examples, see this article (especially the chart):
[apieceofsushi.com: JLPT N4 Grammar 文法 -you ni naru 〜ようになる ‘to come to point
that’ ‘to start to’ ‘to become able
to’](https://apieceofsushi.com/jlpt-n4-grammar-%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95-you-ni-
naru-%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%AB%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B-%E6%84%8F%E5%91%B3-meaning-%E4%BE%8B%E6%96%87-example/)


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