

A lot of shows from the 90s/early 2000s used a wibbling effect too mimic heat
distortion. An example can be seen in several Slayers episodes:  
[![enter image description
here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6orbB.gif)](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6orbB.gif)

considering they are still images with a frame rate of less than 30 FPS, I am
wondering how this effect was achieved with such fluidity.


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2023-01-09T10:20:44.253
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2023-01-10T16:14:31.850
2023-01-10T16:14:31.850
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question
anime-production
How were "Heat distortion" effects done in older shows?