What are the main differences between 京都弁(Kyoto-ben) and 大阪弁(Osaka-ben)


These two dialects will sound very similar to an untrained ear. Can anyone
highlight the main differences between these two dialects?




According to [this Chiebukuro
question](http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1315179928),
there isn't that much of a difference in accents or words/phrases, and it's
mainly the differences in the negative forms of `カ変` (kuru) and `サ変` (suru)
verbs:

  * Standard Japanese: 来ない・しない
  * Osaka-ben: けえへん・せえへん
  * Kyoto-ben: きいひん・しいひん

However, it should be noted that there is some overlap and some people in
Kyoto use the Osaka forms and vice-versa.

Here are a few other notable differences mentioned:

  * `いらっしゃい` is only said as `おこしやす` (and `おいでやす`) in Kyoto, not in Osaka. According to a [different Chiebukuro question](http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1412180814), `おいでやす` is said to first-time customers and `おこしやす` is said to regular customers.
  * `え（～よ）` on the end of verbs and the `てね` in `よし（～してね）` is used much less frequently in Osaka than in Kyoto.
  * `はる` is frequently added as an auxiliary verb to indicate a light degree of politeness. In Osaka-ben it apparently only indicates respect (`尊敬{そんけい}`) when used, but when used in Kyoto-ben it's also more broadly used as `丁寧語{ていねいご}`. Apparently one of the answerers feels uneasy when it's used with animals as in `犬が走ってはる`, but says it's perfectly normal to say this kind of thing in Kyoto.
  * `～ねん` used on the end of verbs isn't used as much in Kyoto-ben as it is in Osaka-ben. `あの人何かしているよ` in standard Japanese can be `あの人なんかやってんで～？` in Osaka-ben and `あの人なんかしてはるよ？` in Kyoto-ben. However, the Kyoto-ben `してんで` and Osaka-ben `やっとるで` are often interchanged, and even in Osaka some people still use `してんで`.
  * It's mentioned that many people in Osaka talk at a faster pace and have a slightly "rougher" tone than in Kyoto.
  * Additionally, I think one other very commonly used word that wasn't mentioned might be `おぶ` used in place of `お茶` in Kyoto.

Links which might be useful:

  * At <http://www.arkys.net/kyotoben.html> there's a list of comparison phrases (mainly comparing standard Japanese with Kyoto-ben, but I think it still might be useful.)
  * <http://www.akenotsuki.com/kyookotoba/> for an in-depth look at Kyoto-ben (and [many relevant words/phrases](http://www.akenotsuki.com/kyookotoba/goishuu/)) and at the [College of Liberal Arts at the University of Texas](http://www.laits.utexas.edu/japanese/joshu/kyookotoba/) for an incomplete translation of that same site. Particularly the [list of differences between Osaka-ben and Kyoto-ben](http://www.akenotsuki.com/kyookotoba/keihan.html).
  * [Check this site](https://web.archive.org/web/20081020101540/http://www1.ocn.ne.jp/%7Etsujii/language.html) for a more comprehensive list of words used in Kyoto by Maiko and Geisha.
  * [Here's a site](http://www.kansaiben.com/) in English that is designed for learning Kansai-ben and includes a pretty large set of video and audio examples. It mainly contrasts between kansai-ben and standard Japanese, but there is also a information about Osaka-ben (especially in the grammar notes).

(I'm mainly translating this because I wanted to know more myself so there are
probably errors, but it's CW so feel free to edit/add to this!)

