Understanding Susumu Kuno's example of misuse of 自分


On Wikipedia's page for Logophoricity, there is [an example of that concept in
Japanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logophoricity#Japanese).

On this Wikipedia page, sentences from Susumu Kuno's 1972 journal article
_Pronominalization, Reflexivization, and Direct Discourse_ are used as
examples of when 自分 can and cannot be used.

Kuno's examples are as follows, copied verbatim from Wikipedia in full
romanized glory:

[code]

    11) a. Johni wa, Mary ga zibuni ni ai ni kuru hi wa, sowasowa site-iru yo.
                                meet  to come days       excited  is
       'John is excited on days when Mary comes to see him.'
    b. *Johni wa, Mary ga zibuni o miru toki wa, itu mo kaoiro ga warui soo da.
                          self     see  when     always complexion bad  I hear.
       'I hear that John looks pale whenever Mary sees him.'
       (Kuno 1972: 182 (93))
    
[/code]

The Wikipedia page notes the following about these sentences:

> The sentence in 11) a. is considered grammatical because the individual
> being discussed (John) is aware that Mary comes to see him. Conversely,
> example 11) b. is ungrammatical because it is not possible for John to look
> pale when he is aware that Mary sees him. As such, John's awareness of the
> event or state being communicated in the embedded sentence determines
> whether or not the entire sentences is grammatical.

Well, to be honest, I don't understand the logic of this argument. In
particular, I don't understand the following statement:

> it is not possible for John to look pale when he is aware that Mary sees him

Why is it "not possible"? If John is scared of being seen by Mary, isn't that
a normal reaction?

What is the logical reason why it's "not possible" for John to be pale here?




~~Who 自分 indicates depends on whose perspective the part is expressed from.~~
(Sorry, this is probably wrong.)

~~The sentence b is fine if Mary seeing is depicted in John's perspective and
**(edit) he knows that he looks pale.** In this case, **he is an informer
himself anyway** , if not necessarily the final one. (Now that you mention it,
it's only practically possible because the sentence structure is hearsay,
unless you have a perspective like the author of a novel to his character.)~~

~~When it's depicted in someone else's perspective other than John, 自分
indicates the "someone else" (including Mary).~~

~~When John is not aware of it, it's obviously not a depiction in John's
perspective. So, you can't use 自分 to indicate John.~~

**Revised:** However, you can say ジョンは自分が見られているときは顔色悪い. In this sentence, 自分
can be either John or the speaker. Likewise, 自分 as in ジョンはマリーが自分を見るときは顔色が悪いそうだ
can be either Mary or the informer.

In conclusion, the example 11b is not possible unless John himself is the
informer. When John is not aware of the situation, he can't be the informer,
thus, you can't use it.

> it is not possible for John to look pale when he is aware that Mary sees him

I think it's trying to say that John can't see his own face when he sees Mary
see him in his perspective.

