Grammar of プレッシャーに晒される


> 不条理な暴力によるプレッシャーに晒される

after some searching, I also found these sentences:

> 絶え間ないプレッシャーにさらされる
>
> 来る日も来る日もプレッシャーにさらされる

プレッシャーに晒す, as far as i can tell, you a transitive verb can't take noun+に
without a indirect object.

such as "X を/は Y に V-transitive" in general

what is going on in these instances? What is the agent of the passive verb?
can pressure itself be the agent?

thank you




> プレッシャーに晒す, as far as i can tell, you a transitive verb can't take noun+に
> without a indirect object.

In プレッシャーにさらす, プレッシャー is the indirect object. The direct object is left out.

［XX **を** ］プレッシャー **に** さらす -- active voice  
→［XX **が** ］プレッシャー **に** さらされる -- passive voice

> What is the agent of the passive verb? can pressure itself be the agent?

The agent of the さらす is not mentioned, either.

［YYが］［XX **を** ］プレッシャーにさらす -- active voice  
→［XX **が** ］［YYによって］プレッシャーにさらされる -- passive voice




> プレッシャーに晒す, as far as i can tell, you a transitive verb can't take noun+に
> without a indirect object.

In プレッシャーにさらす, プレッシャー is the indirect object. The direct object is left out.

［XX **を** ］プレッシャー **に** さらす -- active voice  
→［XX **が** ］プレッシャー **に** さらされる -- passive voice

> What is the agent of the passive verb? can pressure itself be the agent?

The agent of the さらす is not mentioned, either.

［YYが］［XX **を** ］プレッシャーにさらす -- active voice  
→［XX **が** ］［YYによって］プレッシャーにさらされる -- passive voice

