Trying to make sense of this 記号, I'm wondering if verb-suru verbs can be jidoushi/tadoushi?


I have a couple of questions. **Can verb-suru verbs be classified as
jidoushi/tadoushi?**

And could you take a look at this legend to help clear up my confusion?

![legend](https://i.stack.imgur.com/PkLYB.jpg) _Higher-
res:<https://i.stack.imgur.com/PkLYB.jpg>_

I'm having trouble understanding the significance of the ガ/ヲ and (ヲ)スル that
gets wrapped around the vocabulary items in this vocab book.

It mentions that ガ/ヲ indicate 自動詞/他動詞, but I don't know if that applies to the
bold part of the vocabulary item (the 見出し語) — it's rare but there are entries
that have an ＜他＞ or ＜自＞ mark, along with accompanying example sentences.

Also confusing is that an example sentence for 超過 uses を (albeit with a marker
over the を) even though ガ is prefixed to the vocab item.

So, **what's the significance of them**? They come in a variety of
combinations:

  * ヲ **設定** （ヲ）スル
  * ガ／ヲ **中断** スル
  * ガ **作業** （ヲ）スル

I couldn't find an example when the ＜他＞ mark is used with verb-suru words, but
here are some more examples:

![hassei](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CUdMW.jpg) _higher-
res:<https://i.stack.imgur.com/CUdMW.jpg>_

![masu](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Knl7b.jpg) _higher-
res:<https://i.stack.imgur.com/Knl7b.jpg>_

![semaru](https://i.stack.imgur.com/194Zk.jpg) _higher-
res:<https://i.stack.imgur.com/194Zk.jpg>_




In your book, `車がスピードを増した` is listed under intransitives (<自>) rather than
transitives (<他>) even though it has an を-marked phrase. This seems to suggest
that the book is making the (in)transitive distinction in a non-standard way
so that it does not coincide with ガ/ヲ marking. (It says
`ガ/ヲはそれぞれの動詞が自動詞/他動詞であることを表す`, but that contradicts with the listing mention
above.) Let's see if there are other interpretations than mine.

* * *

**The distinction made in the book**

> `ヲ`: Verbs that take a phrase marked with `を`. (Transitive verbs in the
> standard sense)  
>  `ガ`: Other verbs. (Intransitive verbs in the standard sense)
>
> `<他>`: Verbs that take a semantically typical object (such as theme)  
>  `<自>`: Other verbs

Typical objects are noun phrases that have the semantic role technically
called _theme_ , that is, the object of the act mentioned by the verb. It
usually goes under some change of state or its location changes. For example,
in `John painted the wall`, `the wall` is an object in the ordinary sense as
well as a typical object since the act of painting is done against the wall,
which undergoes change. Opposed to this, in `The car gained speed`, `speed` is
not a typical object, and some people may find it controversial as to call
this an object in the ordinary sense. Because of this difference, `ヲ` vs. `ガ`
does not coincide with `<他>` vs. `<自>` in the sense mentioned in the book.

There is another use of `ヲ` found in your book. For example, in:

> ヲ設定（ヲ）スル

the second `ヲ` is mentioning that you may put an `を` between the noun and
`する`. Some suru-nouns require this `を`, some can optionally take it, and some
do not take it. This depends on how much the suru-noun (usually a kango or
gairaigo) became familiar in Japanese. You have to memorize this for each
suru-noun. Note that two `を` are not allowed in a single clause in Japanese,
so they will not be used together. In the above example, you have to go with
either of the first two of:

> 友達がファイルを設定する  
>  友達がファイルの設定をする  
>  × 友達がファイルを設定をする

Finally, just as given in your examples, noun-suru verbs do have
transitive/intransitive distinction in the ordinary sense or in the sense
mentioned in the book.




In your book, `車がスピードを増した` is listed under intransitives (<自>) rather than
transitives (<他>) even though it has an を-marked phrase. This seems to suggest
that the book is making the (in)transitive distinction in a non-standard way
so that it does not coincide with ガ/ヲ marking. (It says
`ガ/ヲはそれぞれの動詞が自動詞/他動詞であることを表す`, but that contradicts with the listing mention
above.) Let's see if there are other interpretations than mine.

* * *

**The distinction made in the book**

> `ヲ`: Verbs that take a phrase marked with `を`. (Transitive verbs in the
> standard sense)  
>  `ガ`: Other verbs. (Intransitive verbs in the standard sense)
>
> `<他>`: Verbs that take a semantically typical object (such as theme)  
>  `<自>`: Other verbs

Typical objects are noun phrases that have the semantic role technically
called _theme_ , that is, the object of the act mentioned by the verb. It
usually goes under some change of state or its location changes. For example,
in `John painted the wall`, `the wall` is an object in the ordinary sense as
well as a typical object since the act of painting is done against the wall,
which undergoes change. Opposed to this, in `The car gained speed`, `speed` is
not a typical object, and some people may find it controversial as to call
this an object in the ordinary sense. Because of this difference, `ヲ` vs. `ガ`
does not coincide with `<他>` vs. `<自>` in the sense mentioned in the book.

There is another use of `ヲ` found in your book. For example, in:

> ヲ設定（ヲ）スル

the second `ヲ` is mentioning that you may put an `を` between the noun and
`する`. Some suru-nouns require this `を`, some can optionally take it, and some
do not take it. This depends on how much the suru-noun (usually a kango or
gairaigo) became familiar in Japanese. You have to memorize this for each
suru-noun. Note that two `を` are not allowed in a single clause in Japanese,
so they will not be used together. In the above example, you have to go with
either of the first two of:

> 友達がファイルを設定する  
>  友達がファイルの設定をする  
>  × 友達がファイルを設定をする

Finally, just as given in your examples, noun-suru verbs do have
transitive/intransitive distinction in the ordinary sense or in the sense
mentioned in the book.

