What is the difference between 〜を〜とする and 〜を〜とした before nouns?


In everything I can find online, the constructions `[N1]を[N2]とする[N3]` and
`[N1]を[N2]とした[N3]` are lumped together as basically having the same meaning.
Is there any difference between them?

My textbook contains the following examples:

> 山田をリーダーとするサークルを作る。  
>  We will make a club with Yamada as the leader.
>
> 環境問題をテーマとしたテレビ番組をみる。  
>  I watch TV programs about environmental problems.

Would there be any difference in nuance if `とした` was used in the first example
and `とする` was used in the second?




I feel like that there is actually a subtle difference but I also think that I
might not ever have thought about it had I not seen this question. In that
sense, I appreciate the question.

Are we native speakers required to be aware of the difference? No, I do not
think so unless one wants to write professionally.

I think that "[N1]を[N2]と **した** [N3]" sounds **more indirect, oblique or
roundabout** regarding the [N1] than in "[N1]を[N2]と **する** [N3]". The former
with した sounds just slightly more "informal" or even colloquial/conversational
at times because of the indirectness. The latter with する has an "official"
feel to it.

> A)「[山田]{やまだ}をリーダーと **する** サークルを[作]{つく}る。」
>
> B)「山田をリーダーと **した** サークルを作る。」

There is a little more emphasis placed on the choice of 「山田」 as the leader in
A) than in B), but both are correct and presentable .

> C)「[環境問題]{かんきょうもんだい}をテーマと **した** テレビ[番組]{ばんぐみ}をみる。」
>
> D)「環境問題をテーマと **する** テレビ番組をみる。」

In C), it sounds like the speaker would watch TV programs that are more
loosely related to environmental issues than implied by D). In D), the speaker
seems more selective of the programs being about environmental issues.




I feel like that there is actually a subtle difference but I also think that I
might not ever have thought about it had I not seen this question. In that
sense, I appreciate the question.

Are we native speakers required to be aware of the difference? No, I do not
think so unless one wants to write professionally.

I think that "[N1]を[N2]と **した** [N3]" sounds **more indirect, oblique or
roundabout** regarding the [N1] than in "[N1]を[N2]と **する** [N3]". The former
with した sounds just slightly more "informal" or even colloquial/conversational
at times because of the indirectness. The latter with する has an "official"
feel to it.

> A)「[山田]{やまだ}をリーダーと **する** サークルを[作]{つく}る。」
>
> B)「山田をリーダーと **した** サークルを作る。」

There is a little more emphasis placed on the choice of 「山田」 as the leader in
A) than in B), but both are correct and presentable .

> C)「[環境問題]{かんきょうもんだい}をテーマと **した** テレビ[番組]{ばんぐみ}をみる。」
>
> D)「環境問題をテーマと **する** テレビ番組をみる。」

In C), it sounds like the speaker would watch TV programs that are more
loosely related to environmental issues than implied by D). In D), the speaker
seems more selective of the programs being about environmental issues.

