Is 以降 inclusive?


If I say:

> 16日[以降]{いこう}参加できません。

It means I cannot participate after the 16th.

However, what about on the 16th? Is it also implied that I cannot participate
on the 16th either? Or, that I can participate on the 16th, but not after?




Yes, it is inclusive. All the similar phrases that use 以 are inclusive:
以内、以前、以上、以下、以来. However, unfortunately a lot of people do not know this and
use them carelessly without thinking.

If you wanted to express "After the 16th but not including it", you could say:

> 16日の翌日から参加できません。

However, I would be more inclined to say:

> 17日以降参加できません。




Yes, it is inclusive. All the similar phrases that use 以 are inclusive:
以内、以前、以上、以下、以来. However, unfortunately a lot of people do not know this and
use them carelessly without thinking.

If you wanted to express "After the 16th but not including it", you could say:

> 16日の翌日から参加できません。

However, I would be more inclined to say:

> 17日以降参加できません。

