When does it make sense to use 「〜でない。」？


「〜でない。」, which isn't particularly common as a sentence-ender, does
occasionally get used.

I get the feeling it is pretty curt; I often see it with 「〜べきでない。」 or
「ただし、〜は、この限りでない。」 or 「〜は明らかでない。」, etc.

However, I don't have a good understanding of when it makes sense to choose it
over 「〜ではない。」. Is it when you're trying to be more declarative/emotionless as
opposed to emphatic/opinionated?




Basically it's a matter of grammar rather than nuance.

As you may know, 「は」 in 「ではない」 is (semantically almost bleached out but still
functioning) topic marker in the theme-rheme structure of Japanese. In other
words, it delimits theme and rheme parts of a clause. And one clause may only
contain up to one theme and rheme respectively.

Then, what happens if you use two は at once in a sentence?

> 核兵器は使用するべきではない。

You may feel a sense of dissonance because:

  * 核兵器は [ [ 使用するべきで ] はない ]
  * [ [ 核兵器 ] は使用するべきで ] はない

It has two possible breakdowns so you can't decide which is the main theme of
the sentence.  
(Note that some people don't feel anything wrong because they conceive ではない to
be a monolithic chunk.)  
Thus carefully written sentences often omit the は in ではない in order to avoid
confusing readers by any chance.

  * 核兵器 **は** 使用するべきでない
  * 核兵器を使用するべきで **は** ない

Of course, in the colloquial language, じゃない has taken over them so that the
difference between でない and ではない is neutralized.




Basically it's a matter of grammar rather than nuance.

As you may know, 「は」 in 「ではない」 is (semantically almost bleached out but still
functioning) topic marker in the theme-rheme structure of Japanese. In other
words, it delimits theme and rheme parts of a clause. And one clause may only
contain up to one theme and rheme respectively.

Then, what happens if you use two は at once in a sentence?

> 核兵器は使用するべきではない。

You may feel a sense of dissonance because:

  * 核兵器は [ [ 使用するべきで ] はない ]
  * [ [ 核兵器 ] は使用するべきで ] はない

It has two possible breakdowns so you can't decide which is the main theme of
the sentence.  
(Note that some people don't feel anything wrong because they conceive ではない to
be a monolithic chunk.)  
Thus carefully written sentences often omit the は in ではない in order to avoid
confusing readers by any chance.

  * 核兵器 **は** 使用するべきでない
  * 核兵器を使用するべきで **は** ない

Of course, in the colloquial language, じゃない has taken over them so that the
difference between でない and ではない is neutralized.

