Usage of Donojiten (々)


Are there any hard-fast rules on when to use or not use the donojiten (々)? I
find that it is used for repeating the previous character (e.g. 人々).

Other than helping me distinguish whether a text is Japanese or Chinese (never
found it) I don't know where else it is used or when it shouldn't be.




Yes, the purpose of this character is to indicate a repetition of the previous
kanji.

In practice, I find it's mostly just used for the relatively small class of
words that are made up of a single kanji reduplicated (so 人々{ひとびと}, 我々{われわれ},
度々{たびたび} and so forth). These words are almost exclusively written using the 々
character, and it's rare (if not incorrect) to see both kanji written out in
full.

It also appears in words where the same kanji is repeated to indicate
iteration in meaning, such as 翌々日{よくよくじつ} "the day after next" and
明々後日{みょうみょうごにち} "the day after the day after tomorrow". Note that the latter
is a somewhat special case, as its kanji are commonly used as ateji for its
synonym 明々後日{しあさって}, including the 々, even though in this case there's no
actual repetition in the pronunciation.

Outside of special cases such as that ateji usage, though, you'll only
generally see 々 in words where both the kanji and its reading are repeated
(rendaku notwithstanding). Words with repeated kanji which use separate
readings, such as 日日{ひにち}, don't use the symbol (though other conventions may
be used to avoid confusion instead - that word in particular is commonly
written as 日にち).




Yes, the purpose of this character is to indicate a repetition of the previous
kanji.

In practice, I find it's mostly just used for the relatively small class of
words that are made up of a single kanji reduplicated (so 人々{ひとびと}, 我々{われわれ},
度々{たびたび} and so forth). These words are almost exclusively written using the 々
character, and it's rare (if not incorrect) to see both kanji written out in
full.

It also appears in words where the same kanji is repeated to indicate
iteration in meaning, such as 翌々日{よくよくじつ} "the day after next" and
明々後日{みょうみょうごにち} "the day after the day after tomorrow". Note that the latter
is a somewhat special case, as its kanji are commonly used as ateji for its
synonym 明々後日{しあさって}, including the 々, even though in this case there's no
actual repetition in the pronunciation.

Outside of special cases such as that ateji usage, though, you'll only
generally see 々 in words where both the kanji and its reading are repeated
(rendaku notwithstanding). Words with repeated kanji which use separate
readings, such as 日日{ひにち}, don't use the symbol (though other conventions may
be used to avoid confusion instead - that word in particular is commonly
written as 日にち).

