Is the function of this ある a pre-noun adjectival, or is it a verb that forms a relative clause?


I'm going over my previously done translations to see if any need further
editing, and the following comes up.

> 背後{はいご}で聞{き}き覚{おぼ}えの **ある** 声{こえ}がして、思{おも}わず一歩後{いっぽあと}ずさってしまった。

I relearned yesterday that a relative clause/qualifying phrase is made by
placing a verb or adjective in front of a noun in Japanese. In the above, the
relative clause would be 背後で聞き覚えの **ある**. The noun being modified that makes
up the main clause is 声.

The issue is that
[https://jisho.org/search/ある](https://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%82%E3%82%8B)
says that ある is both a verb and a pre-noun adjectival, both of which, to my
meager understanding, would work in the above sentence to form a relative
clause. How do you know if ある is a verb or a adjective in the above sentence?




ある as a pre-noun adjectival is used to mean "one" or "a certain," in common
constructions such as ある日.

In this case, ある is clearly bringing some "baggage" with it in the form of:

> 聞き覚えのある

(Where the の is converted from が). So you can be certain that ある is acting as
the verb in a phrase modifying the noun 声.

Having said that, I don't think there's any strict difference between these
two uses of ある. While ある日 may sound like, e.g., その日, it's simply "a day that
exists," using the verb ある。




ある as a pre-noun adjectival is used to mean "one" or "a certain," in common
constructions such as ある日.

In this case, ある is clearly bringing some "baggage" with it in the form of:

> 聞き覚えのある

(Where the の is converted from が). So you can be certain that ある is acting as
the verb in a phrase modifying the noun 声.

Having said that, I don't think there's any strict difference between these
two uses of ある. While ある日 may sound like, e.g., その日, it's simply "a day that
exists," using the verb ある。

