Does 罪 in 罪を受ける literally mean "crimes"?


Even in English, I can almost imagine someone saying

> I have received my crimes.

to be a short-hand way of saying

> What goes around comes around, and I have received the consequences for my
> criminal actions (of which I accept guilt).

Of course, it's way more idiomatic to just say

> I have received punishment (for my crimes).

So in Japanese, does the phrase

> 罪を受ける
>
> Receives punishment.

_literally_ mean

> Receives crimes?

I ask because it's pretty confusing that 罪 usually means "crime" or "sin" but
in some cases (like in this phrase) means "punishment" (a distinct but related
concept). I was just curious if 罪 in all cases actually does mean "crime", but
something like the above is going on.

As evidence for this, the [Wiktionary entry for
罪](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%BD%AA#Japanese) doesn't list
"punishment" as an acceptable meaning of つみ (but other bilingual dictionaries
[do](https://jpdb.io/vocabulary/1296680/%E7%BD%AA/%E3%81%A4%E3%81%BF?lang=english#a)).




I find it weird, too, and from what I gathered, most contemporary speakers
don't understand 罪 as "punishment".

Apparently it used to mean both things, but today many people would
exclusively understand it as "crime" (so that you can say 罪を償う but not 罪に服す)

