What's the difference between 声明 and 宣言?


I was going through my word list again, when I saw 声明 which was translated to
"declaration, proclamation." This reminded me of a more commonly appearing
word, 宣言, thanks to articles related to 緊急事態. I looked up the difference
between the two [here](https://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/1231394.html) and it
appears that it has something to do with the reach/scope/coverage and the
objective of the declaration:

>   * 「声明」はかなり広い範囲の人に向かって事情を明らかにするためのものであり、
>   * 「宣言」は狭い範囲でもよいが、意思・方針などを明らかにするものである。
>

Since the 緊急事態 was implemented throughout the entire Japan (かなり広い範囲）, and 事態
is somehow synonymous with 事情, shouldn't 声明 be a more sensible choice? Or am I
missing something (e.g., 声明 is a bit outdated)




声明 always requires some media (usually mass media, at least a blog or SNS). It
is for formally and publicly expressing an organization's expert opinion,
objection, policy, standpoint or explanation regarding a specific issue. It's
basically like "We want everyone to know that we think this way", and it is
usually not legally binding. A typical 声明 is like
[this](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20200531/k10012452161000.html),
[this](https://mainichi.jp/articles/20200519/k00/00m/040/089000c) or
[this](https://twitter.com/NBCNightlyNews/status/916004626113032192).

On the other hand, 宣言 can be big or small. A small 宣言 can happen within a
family (e.g., 夫は私に明日からダイエットをすると宣言した). A 宣言 is more like "We will do this" or
"We did this", and it works like a promise or an order. A big 宣言 issued by a
government (e.g., 緊急事態宣言) can have a legal force just like other government
orders.




声明 always requires some media (usually mass media, at least a blog or SNS). It
is for formally and publicly expressing an organization's expert opinion,
objection, policy, standpoint or explanation regarding a specific issue. It's
basically like "We want everyone to know that we think this way", and it is
usually not legally binding. A typical 声明 is like
[this](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20200531/k10012452161000.html),
[this](https://mainichi.jp/articles/20200519/k00/00m/040/089000c) or
[this](https://twitter.com/NBCNightlyNews/status/916004626113032192).

On the other hand, 宣言 can be big or small. A small 宣言 can happen within a
family (e.g., 夫は私に明日からダイエットをすると宣言した). A 宣言 is more like "We will do this" or
"We did this", and it works like a promise or an order. A big 宣言 issued by a
government (e.g., 緊急事態宣言) can have a legal force just like other government
orders.

