Does みな have an origin, or at least one that can be theorized about?


I personally think this question is self explanatory, so I'm going to add
context. I searched up the etymology for 皆, not the kanji but its reading, and
didn't find anything for it. It may be み with a suffix that's called な or み as
a suffix with な. It originally meant 全部, or 総て, adverbially too, then changed
to mean everyone. Why?




Ancestor of [みな](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%81%BF%E3%81%AA) in Old
Japanese was _mi 2na_. (It is certainly unrelated to honorific prefix
[[御]{み}](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1#Japanese), which was _mi 1_
in Old Japanese.)

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Japanese#Vowels> has summary of
reconstructions of _i 1_, _i 2_ etc.

According to Bjarke Frellesvig (2010)'s reconstruction, _mi 2na_ would be
/mwina/.

According to Alexander Vovin (2020)'s reconstruction, _mi 2na_ would be
/mɨna/. (He usually uses symbol _ï_ , but both _ɨ_ and _ï_ refer to the same
vowel, [high central unrounded
vowel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Close_central_unrounded_vowel); double
dot over symbol of vowel indicates central vowel.)

Alexander Vovin (2020, "A Descriptive and Comparative Grammar of Western Old
Japanese", pages 319-321):

> 2.6 Collective Pronouns
>
> There are two collective pronouns in Western Old Japanese: _mïna_ and _morǝ_
> ‘all.’
>
> 2.6.1 _Collective Pronoun_ mïna
>
> The collective pronoun _mïna_ ‘all’ is attested in phonographic spelling in
> Western Old Japanese four times. It may refer to both animate and inanimate
> nouns. When modifying a noun, _mïna_ ‘all’ is always found in postposition.
> It is interesting to note that the case marker may be found both after the
> modified noun and after the modifying _mïna_ with no apparent change in
> meaning as in _pitǝ-nǝ mïna_ and _pitǝ mïna-nǝ_ ‘all people’ found in the
> examples below.
>
> ...
>
> Cognates of the Old Japanese collective pronoun _mïna_ ‘all’ are attested in
> several modern Ryukyuan dialects: Uezu, Maejima _nna_ ; Kowan _n:na_ ;
> Agarinakasone _ṃ:na_ (Uchima and Arakaki 2000: 410), Shuri _’Nna_ (RKJ
> 1983: 436). There is also the Oku form _minna_ , but it looks like a
> loanword from modern Standard Japanese _minna_ ‘all,’ especially since there
> is another collective pronoun _muttuu_ in Oku. _Muttuu_ is apparently
> related to another Old Japanese collective pronoun _morǝ_ ‘all,’ which will
> be discussed in the section 2.6.2. In Old Ryukyuan the collective pronoun in
> question is attested only in the _Haytong ceykwukki_ and the _Ryūka_. It
> probably was pronounced as _mina_ in the late fifteenth–early sixteenth
> century according to the Korean transcription _mina_ (미나) in the _Haytong
> ceykwukki_ (1501 CE), becoming later _’Nna_ or _’Nnya_ , as different
> existing spellings in the _Ryūka_ indicate: _mina_ (みな), _nna_ (んな), _nnya_
> (んにや) (Hokama 1995: 639).
>
> ...
>
> The reconstruction of the proto-Japonic archetype should be *mǝyna or
> *muyna. It is possible to speculate that *-na represents a plural marker
> _-na_ , as was discussed in section 1.2.1.4, while the remainder *mǝy-/*muy-
> is the root of the collective pronoun. If this is true, and if the original
> vowel was *ǝ and not *u, it is quite possible that *mǝy can be derived from
> *mǝrǝy according to Whitman‘s law, and is therefore a variant of the another
> Old Japanese collective pronoun _morǝ_ ‘all’ < *mǝrǝ, which will be
> discussed in the next section 2.6.2.

(Old Japanese _i 2_, besides *əi and *ui, can also come from *oi. See
[here](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Proto-
Japonic#Vowel_correspondences).)




Ancestor of [みな](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%81%BF%E3%81%AA) in Old
Japanese was _mi 2na_. (It is certainly unrelated to honorific prefix
[[御]{み}](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1#Japanese), which was _mi 1_
in Old Japanese.)

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Japanese#Vowels> has summary of
reconstructions of _i 1_, _i 2_ etc.

According to Bjarke Frellesvig (2010)'s reconstruction, _mi 2na_ would be
/mwina/.

According to Alexander Vovin (2020)'s reconstruction, _mi 2na_ would be
/mɨna/. (He usually uses symbol _ï_ , but both _ɨ_ and _ï_ refer to the same
vowel, [high central unrounded
vowel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Close_central_unrounded_vowel); double
dot over symbol of vowel indicates central vowel.)

Alexander Vovin (2020, "A Descriptive and Comparative Grammar of Western Old
Japanese", pages 319-321):

> 2.6 Collective Pronouns
>
> There are two collective pronouns in Western Old Japanese: _mïna_ and _morǝ_
> ‘all.’
>
> 2.6.1 _Collective Pronoun_ mïna
>
> The collective pronoun _mïna_ ‘all’ is attested in phonographic spelling in
> Western Old Japanese four times. It may refer to both animate and inanimate
> nouns. When modifying a noun, _mïna_ ‘all’ is always found in postposition.
> It is interesting to note that the case marker may be found both after the
> modified noun and after the modifying _mïna_ with no apparent change in
> meaning as in _pitǝ-nǝ mïna_ and _pitǝ mïna-nǝ_ ‘all people’ found in the
> examples below.
>
> ...
>
> Cognates of the Old Japanese collective pronoun _mïna_ ‘all’ are attested in
> several modern Ryukyuan dialects: Uezu, Maejima _nna_ ; Kowan _n:na_ ;
> Agarinakasone _ṃ:na_ (Uchima and Arakaki 2000: 410), Shuri _’Nna_ (RKJ
> 1983: 436). There is also the Oku form _minna_ , but it looks like a
> loanword from modern Standard Japanese _minna_ ‘all,’ especially since there
> is another collective pronoun _muttuu_ in Oku. _Muttuu_ is apparently
> related to another Old Japanese collective pronoun _morǝ_ ‘all,’ which will
> be discussed in the section 2.6.2. In Old Ryukyuan the collective pronoun in
> question is attested only in the _Haytong ceykwukki_ and the _Ryūka_. It
> probably was pronounced as _mina_ in the late fifteenth–early sixteenth
> century according to the Korean transcription _mina_ (미나) in the _Haytong
> ceykwukki_ (1501 CE), becoming later _’Nna_ or _’Nnya_ , as different
> existing spellings in the _Ryūka_ indicate: _mina_ (みな), _nna_ (んな), _nnya_
> (んにや) (Hokama 1995: 639).
>
> ...
>
> The reconstruction of the proto-Japonic archetype should be *mǝyna or
> *muyna. It is possible to speculate that *-na represents a plural marker
> _-na_ , as was discussed in section 1.2.1.4, while the remainder *mǝy-/*muy-
> is the root of the collective pronoun. If this is true, and if the original
> vowel was *ǝ and not *u, it is quite possible that *mǝy can be derived from
> *mǝrǝy according to Whitman‘s law, and is therefore a variant of the another
> Old Japanese collective pronoun _morǝ_ ‘all’ < *mǝrǝ, which will be
> discussed in the next section 2.6.2.

(Old Japanese _i 2_, besides *əi and *ui, can also come from *oi. See
[here](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Proto-
Japonic#Vowel_correspondences).)

