If a time adverb is used in an adjective clause, you have to use ていた instead of ている　-　does this rule apply to normal verbs?


According to this website (I think it is 初級を教える人のための日本語文法ハンドブック), if a time
adverb is used in an adjective clause, you have to use ていた.

[![enter image description
here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mhzi2.png)](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mhzi2.png)

<https://learn-the-basics-of-
japanese.blogspot.com/p/s71-1-123a1-b4-alb1b2-5-gb-5-yes-no-1x2.html>

I wonder if the same rule applies to normal verbs without アスペクト

**Example 1**

> [先週テストを受ける]学生は洪水で遅刻しました。

What I want to say:

> Students who were going to take a test last week arrived late because of the
> flood.

Does Example 1 make sense?

or it has to be like:

**Example 2**

> [先週テストを受けた]学生は洪水で遅刻しました。




When you use the non-past (a.k.a present) tense to say something **was** going
to happen, you, as the speaker, is standing at a reference point in the past
and looking towards the future from that point. That's what the perspective in
relative tense is like. The time expression should also be relative to the
same reference point, if not absolute.

For example:

> 次の週にテストを受け **る** 学生は来ませんでした。

> 月曜日にテストを受け **る** 学生は来ませんでした。

次の週 is not "next week" with no article but "the next week" or "the following
week" relative to a past reference point.

Whether 月曜日 is "absolute" is debatable, but it's certainly different from
expressions like 昨日 and 先週 as it directly points to a specific date (within
what you might call a "reference window" centering around either reference
point, though). If the listener doesn't know which Monday, that's another
issue.

Time expressions like 昨日 and 先週, on the other hand, are always relative to the
time of the utterance. If the time expression refers to the past, you are
looking back from that point. The tense of the verb should also be matching
this perspective. That means only your second sentence is correct.

> 先週テストを受け **た** 学生は洪水で遅刻しました。

But a little problem arises here. What if the students couldn't take the exam?
We cannot say 受けた in that case.

Well, you still need to use the past tense, somehow.

For example:

> 先週テストを受けるはずだっ **た** 学生は洪水で遅刻しました。
>
> 先週テストを受けることになってい **た** 学生は洪水で遅刻しました。




The same rule applies and only Example 2 is possible. [This
article](https://oiu.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=94&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1)
seems to be relevant as regards choosing tense in a relative clause.

