Transitive English words becoming intransitive 外来語


While reading naruto's answer to [Difference in sentences (と and
に）](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/62688/difference-in-
sentences-%E3%81%A8-and-%E3%81%AB), I realized that although キス is an
intransitive verb in Japanese, the English _kiss_ is almost always used as a
transitive verb. Some other examples of this are アクセス and リベンジ. My question is
thus is there a reason why primarily transitive English words when converted
to Japanese could become primarily intransitive words?

My expectation is that primarily transitive English words like _to google_ or
_to master_ to become primarily transitive Japanese words and primarily
intransitive English words like _jump_ to become primarily intransitive
Japanese, which is true for at least those three cases. Is the way words like
キス became incorporated into Japanese different from words like マスター?




There should be exceptions, but I suppose this is largely based on the
transitivity of the original Japanese verb before it was replaced by the
loanword.

  * (～に)キスする = (～に)口づけする
  * (～に)アクセスする = (～に)進入する/接続する
  * (～に)リベンジする = (～に)復讐する
  * (～に)コンサルトする = (～に)相談する
  * (～に)タッチする = (～に)触れる

When the original Japanese verb is transitive, the loanword version is also
transitive.

  * (～を)スタートする = (～を)開始する
  * (～を)テストする = (～を)試験する

Occasionally, an English intransitive verb can be borrowed as a transitive
suru-verb:

  * (～を)リタイヤする = (～を)退職する = to retire _from_ ～

Many loaned suru-verbs are not even based on English verbs, so it's not
surprising if transitivity is ignored :)

  * (～を)マイナスする = (～を)減算する
  * (～を)リストラする = (～を)解雇する
  * (～を)オンエアする = (～を)放送する




There should be exceptions, but I suppose this is largely based on the
transitivity of the original Japanese verb before it was replaced by the
loanword.

  * (～に)キスする = (～に)口づけする
  * (～に)アクセスする = (～に)進入する/接続する
  * (～に)リベンジする = (～に)復讐する
  * (～に)コンサルトする = (～に)相談する
  * (～に)タッチする = (～に)触れる

When the original Japanese verb is transitive, the loanword version is also
transitive.

  * (～を)スタートする = (～を)開始する
  * (～を)テストする = (～を)試験する

Occasionally, an English intransitive verb can be borrowed as a transitive
suru-verb:

  * (～を)リタイヤする = (～を)退職する = to retire _from_ ～

Many loaned suru-verbs are not even based on English verbs, so it's not
surprising if transitivity is ignored :)

  * (～を)マイナスする = (～を)減算する
  * (～を)リストラする = (～を)解雇する
  * (～を)オンエアする = (～を)放送する

