What does 日 mean when used with days of month?


As にち, 日 doesn't seem to be a counter (which is always preceded with dash in
dictionaries). Does this mean that 日 means Sunday when used with days of the
month? If so, how does it make sense?

EDIT:

Is 日 a counter in 十三日 or is it not?




So, I've re-read your question and the following answer by naruto, and I think
I see the disconnect in your understanding.

When speaking about Kanji in general, you need to think of it in two separate
ways. One is how you read it. The other is its meaning. We'll start at reading
Kanji, then I'll explain deriving a meaning from context.

## Reading Kanji

All Kanji can have one or more readings. These readings are grouped into two
categories: 音読｛おんよ｝み and 訓読｛くんよ｝み. The short form of this explanation is that
音読み are readings for a Kanji that are derived from Chinese. Usually these
readings will show up in compound words utilizing various Kanji, but this is
not an exclusive rule, just a general one. By contrast, 訓読み are readings for
Kanji native to Japan.

In the case of the Kanji 日 there are actually many readings:

> **音読み** (in Katakana to emphasize Chinese origin): ニチ、ジツ
>
> _Example words using these readings:_  
>  ニチ： 毎日｛まいにち｝： Every day  
>  ジツ： 本日｛ほんじつ｝： Today
>
> **訓読み** (in Hiragana to emphasize Japanese origin): ひ、-び、か  
>
>
> _Example words using these readings:_  
>  ひ： 日｛ひ｝： Day  
>  -び： 記念日｛きねんび｝： Anniversary  
>  か： 十日｛とおか｝： Ten days, or, the tenth day of the month

In addition to this, there are a few exceptions and special words, which
usually are native Japanese words, that are approximated in writing using
Kanji, despite their reading. For example:

> 今日｛きょう｝： Today

As you can see, this word contains the 日 Kanji but is not read in any of the
readings covered within the 音読み and 訓読み. You'll come across a few of these.

## Deriving meaning from Kanji

Be aware that the 日 Kanji has several meanings all at once. The most common
are:

> day, sun, Sunday, (counter for days)

When attaining fluency in written Japanese, often you'll encounter a mix of
Kana and Kanji in writing. Because Kanji can have so many readings and
individual meanings, it's important to be aware of vocabulary, and also
context in use. This is where I think the issue is here for you.

Consider these example sentences for the Kanji 日:

> 今日｛きょう｝は十二月｛じゅうにがつ｝七日｛なのか｝です。  
>  Today is December 7th.
>
> 今月｛こんげつ｝の２５日｛にち｝はクリスマスです。  
>  The 25th day of this month is Christmas.

Now consider these other examples:

> 一週間｛いっしゅうかん｝は七日｛なのか｝です。  
>  There are seven days in a week's time.
>
> カリフォルニアからニューヨークまで運転｛うんてん｝すると、二日間｛ふつかかん｝ぐらいかかります。  
>  If you drove from California to New York, it would take about two days'
> time.

As you can see, though in the above examples the word 七日｛なのか｝ appears written
the same way, read the same way, but has two different meanings, it's clear to
see which meaning is intended by context. Things that clue me in are verb
usage, as well as the presence of a date. These are the kind of context clues
you need to be aware of.

## As for why 日｛にち｝ is Sunday but also just Day

The overall simplified meaning for the Kanji 日 is actually **Sun**. Many of
the meanings for 日 that you'll find in a dictionary are derived from the fact
that 日 means Sun.

日 as "Day": The daytime is when the sun is up. Therefore, a day is counted by
the cycle of the sun rising and setting.

日 as "Sunday": This Kanji literally only means Sun. However...

The complete word for Sunday is actually 日曜日｛にちようび｝. It just so happens that
when writing a date in Japan, often it is given in the format of YYYY年MM月DD日
(day of the week). For example, today is December 7th, 2017, and it is
Thursday. You'd see this as: **2017年12月7日（木）**.

So, the 木 inside parentheses is short for 木曜日｛もくようび｝, the same way that 日 is
short for 日曜日.




So, I've re-read your question and the following answer by naruto, and I think
I see the disconnect in your understanding.

When speaking about Kanji in general, you need to think of it in two separate
ways. One is how you read it. The other is its meaning. We'll start at reading
Kanji, then I'll explain deriving a meaning from context.

## Reading Kanji

All Kanji can have one or more readings. These readings are grouped into two
categories: 音読｛おんよ｝み and 訓読｛くんよ｝み. The short form of this explanation is that
音読み are readings for a Kanji that are derived from Chinese. Usually these
readings will show up in compound words utilizing various Kanji, but this is
not an exclusive rule, just a general one. By contrast, 訓読み are readings for
Kanji native to Japan.

In the case of the Kanji 日 there are actually many readings:

> **音読み** (in Katakana to emphasize Chinese origin): ニチ、ジツ
>
> _Example words using these readings:_  
>  ニチ： 毎日｛まいにち｝： Every day  
>  ジツ： 本日｛ほんじつ｝： Today
>
> **訓読み** (in Hiragana to emphasize Japanese origin): ひ、-び、か  
>
>
> _Example words using these readings:_  
>  ひ： 日｛ひ｝： Day  
>  -び： 記念日｛きねんび｝： Anniversary  
>  か： 十日｛とおか｝： Ten days, or, the tenth day of the month

In addition to this, there are a few exceptions and special words, which
usually are native Japanese words, that are approximated in writing using
Kanji, despite their reading. For example:

> 今日｛きょう｝： Today

As you can see, this word contains the 日 Kanji but is not read in any of the
readings covered within the 音読み and 訓読み. You'll come across a few of these.

## Deriving meaning from Kanji

Be aware that the 日 Kanji has several meanings all at once. The most common
are:

> day, sun, Sunday, (counter for days)

When attaining fluency in written Japanese, often you'll encounter a mix of
Kana and Kanji in writing. Because Kanji can have so many readings and
individual meanings, it's important to be aware of vocabulary, and also
context in use. This is where I think the issue is here for you.

Consider these example sentences for the Kanji 日:

> 今日｛きょう｝は十二月｛じゅうにがつ｝七日｛なのか｝です。  
>  Today is December 7th.
>
> 今月｛こんげつ｝の２５日｛にち｝はクリスマスです。  
>  The 25th day of this month is Christmas.

Now consider these other examples:

> 一週間｛いっしゅうかん｝は七日｛なのか｝です。  
>  There are seven days in a week's time.
>
> カリフォルニアからニューヨークまで運転｛うんてん｝すると、二日間｛ふつかかん｝ぐらいかかります。  
>  If you drove from California to New York, it would take about two days'
> time.

As you can see, though in the above examples the word 七日｛なのか｝ appears written
the same way, read the same way, but has two different meanings, it's clear to
see which meaning is intended by context. Things that clue me in are verb
usage, as well as the presence of a date. These are the kind of context clues
you need to be aware of.

## As for why 日｛にち｝ is Sunday but also just Day

The overall simplified meaning for the Kanji 日 is actually **Sun**. Many of
the meanings for 日 that you'll find in a dictionary are derived from the fact
that 日 means Sun.

日 as "Day": The daytime is when the sun is up. Therefore, a day is counted by
the cycle of the sun rising and setting.

日 as "Sunday": This Kanji literally only means Sun. However...

The complete word for Sunday is actually 日曜日｛にちようび｝. It just so happens that
when writing a date in Japan, often it is given in the format of YYYY年MM月DD日
(day of the week). For example, today is December 7th, 2017, and it is
Thursday. You'd see this as: **2017年12月7日（木）**.

So, the 木 inside parentheses is short for 木曜日｛もくようび｝, the same way that 日 is
short for 日曜日.

