Why 来ています rather than 来ました


This is the first sentence of an NHK article published today (September 2,
2016) discussing the high number of typhoons in waters near Japan.

> 気象庁によると、ことし６月から８月までに７つの台風が日本の近くに来ています。
>
> According to the Japanese Meteorological Agency, this year between June and
> August, 7 typhoons approached Japan. (I omitted near because I think
> approach implies it).

I'm wondering why the article chose to use **来ています** to describe what the
article itself implies is a **past action**.

I understand that the ～ている form describes continued state when used with
momentary verbs like 来る. However, I don't see why a typhoon approaching is
considered a continued state since the typhoon is currently not still there. I
would have assumed it should be either a completed past action or a completed
past state that is not currently continuing.

**My question explicitly is, could someone possibly contrast the meanings of
the above sentence if 来ました or 来ていました had been used instead?**

Full article:
<http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10010664611000/k10010664611000.html>

Thanks




For 「昨日 寝てない」 there are a few different possible interpretations.

  1. present perfect 「昨日から 寝てない」 

  2. general condition, habit 「最近 よく寝てない」 

  3. (past perfect?) or Experience

3a. Preparation, e.g. for a test. --------------- See: [Meaning of
寝てない](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/38796/meaning-
of-%e5%af%9d%e3%81%a6%e3%81%aa%e3%81%84/38807#38807)

* * *

> 気象庁によると、ことし６月から８月までに７つの台風が日本の近くに来ています。

This has (mostly) elements of [ present perfect ] (... so far, there have been
...)

and possibly [ general condition, habit ]

> My question explicitly is, could someone possibly contrast the meanings of
> the above sentence if 来ました or 来ていました had been used instead?

  * 気象庁によると、ことし６月から８月までに７つの台風が日本の近くに来ました。 <----- This is just a statement of fact. Semantically, very flat.  
  

  * 気象庁によると、ことし６月から８月までに７つの台風が日本の近くに来ています。 <----- This suggests that we are psychologically engaged / invested in this information. -- that we don't want another big one to hit us (soon).  
  

  * 気象庁によると、ことし６月から８月までに７つの台風が日本の近くに来ていました。 <----- This is much less suspenseful. The assumption is ... [ We had 7 of them, but the 8th one is not expected any time soon. ]




For 「昨日 寝てない」 there are a few different possible interpretations.

  1. present perfect 「昨日から 寝てない」 

  2. general condition, habit 「最近 よく寝てない」 

  3. (past perfect?) or Experience

3a. Preparation, e.g. for a test. --------------- See: [Meaning of
寝てない](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/38796/meaning-
of-%e5%af%9d%e3%81%a6%e3%81%aa%e3%81%84/38807#38807)

* * *

> 気象庁によると、ことし６月から８月までに７つの台風が日本の近くに来ています。

This has (mostly) elements of [ present perfect ] (... so far, there have been
...)

and possibly [ general condition, habit ]

> My question explicitly is, could someone possibly contrast the meanings of
> the above sentence if 来ました or 来ていました had been used instead?

  * 気象庁によると、ことし６月から８月までに７つの台風が日本の近くに来ました。 <----- This is just a statement of fact. Semantically, very flat.  
  

  * 気象庁によると、ことし６月から８月までに７つの台風が日本の近くに来ています。 <----- This suggests that we are psychologically engaged / invested in this information. -- that we don't want another big one to hit us (soon).  
  

  * 気象庁によると、ことし６月から８月までに７つの台風が日本の近くに来ていました。 <----- This is much less suspenseful. The assumption is ... [ We had 7 of them, but the 8th one is not expected any time soon. ]

