Nuances and correct usage of verbs modifying nouns


I found this very interesting older
[post](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/11975/what-are-the-
general-principles-of-using-verbs-to-modify-nouns-
e-g-%e7%84%a6%e3%81%92%e3%82%8b%e3%83%88%e3%83%bc%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e7%84%a6%e3%81%92%e3%81%9f)
and there are couple of things I am uncertain about.

Could I also technically write "ロックしたSIM/ロックしているSIM" to mean "ロックされたSIM/
ロックされているSIM", if there is no presence of an overt actor implied from context?

Because if this following sentence is correct "ゆでた卵", and can mean both "an
egg that was boiled", and "a boiled egg", ゆでる is a transitive verb and so is
ロックする (which might as well be intransitive in some cases, the same way like
for example the verb 再起動する, but dictionaries do not seem to feature this
information for foreign nouns taking on suru endings), I honestly see no
reason for why "ロックしたSIM/ロックしているSIM" would be considered grammatically
incorrect, maybe unnatural I suppose.

I though maybe these suru verbs were more likely to be written as された/されている,
until I have seen this following sentence in my iPhone: (reffering to
最大容量)これは新品時と比較したバッテリー容量の基準です。My translation: "standard of battery capacity
compared to the new model." If I were to write such sentence with my not very
good knowledge of Japanese, I would most definitely write "比較された", but I
obviously cannot tell, whether it sounds good or not. I think I could also
write 比較している. Please, correct me, in case I am wrong (which I definitely am).

*Sorry for the edit, but after thinking a bit more about this sentence, I actually do not understand the purpose of the と particle as well. I know it is used in comparisons, but do not understand how exactly. I guess the sentence needs to somehow get rewritten, so I could see how the particle works.




比較する is not an action with a lasting effect on its target. Therefore, its ている-
form, 比較している, doesn’t describe a resultant state but an ongoing process (if
not an experience). When you say 比較したＸ with X being an object of comparison,
you are not talking about a current state of X or a property newly assumed by
X as a result of an action or change, as would be the case with ゆでた卵, 結んだ糸,
etc. It simply means X has undergone the act of comparison, and this
necessarily means a different thing than 比較しているＸ, which means the process is
ongoing. In that sense, it is similar to 走ったＸ where X is a route traversed.

The passive form, 比較される, is normally used to convey a sense of suffering on
the part of the subject (i.e. the object of the active 比較する).

> 私は子供の頃よく兄と比較された。

比較されたバッテリー容量 sounds as odd as 走られた道.

It all depends on the verb.




Generally speaking, 保存したファイル ("file that someone saved") and 保存されたファイル ("file
that was saved") are usually interchangeable, and so are ゆでた卵 and ゆでれられた卵. See
[Passive vs Active form of verbs when used as
adjectives](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21772/5010) and [Why 無茶ぶりした
and not 無茶ぶりされた](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/82164/5010)

However, ロックしたSIM ("SIM that someone locked") sounds puzzling to me because it
implies there is some actor who did the locking. If I understand correctly,
locked SIM cards are made in a locked state from the beginning during the
manufacturing process, and there is no such a process of someone locking it.
In such cases, ロックされたSIM is the only natural option. On the other hand,
unlocking a SIM is a common process performed by a human. Therefore,
アンロックしたSIM, アンロックされたSIM, ロック解除したSIM and ロック解除されたSIM all sound correct to me,
and they are usually interchangeable.

For this と, see [my previous
answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/52564/5010).

