貸してあげる、貸してもらう　USAGES


Today, I've seen a question about 貸してあげる、貸してもらう

Here's the context:

> りえ : きれいなカメラですね。  
>  あや : これですか。山田さん_____ _____。

These are the choices:

>   1. が、貸してあげました  
>
>   2. に、貸してもらいました  
>
>   3. が、貸していただきました。  
>
>   4. に、貸してくださいました。  
>
>

I think 3 and 4 are incorrect but I don't understand the differences between 1
and 2.

山田さんが貸してあげました means Yamada gave lending a camera to me.  
山田さんに貸してもらいました means I received lending a camera from Yamada.

I honestly think that 1 and 2 are correct but the answer has to be only one.
Can anyone explain the differences please ?




Lets look at each answer individually and analyze why there are
correct/incorrect

> **X** 1.これですか。山田さん **が、貸してあげました** 。

**Incorrect.**

The red flag to me here is that あげる is a verb that [only the
speaker](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/favor.html) can do. So for the speaker
to say that 山田さん is doing the あげる is grammatically incorrect.

> **O** 2.これですか。山田さん **に、貸してもらいました** 。

**Correct.** There are no grammar issues here.

> **X** 3.これですか。山田さん **が、貸していただきました** 。

**Incorrect.**

いただく is only used with regard to the speaker. Like in the first answer, we
cannot use いただく with respect to 山田さん.

> **X** 4.これですか。山田さん **に、貸してくださいました** 。

**Incorrect.**

This took a few minutes for me to figure out. The use of に is incorrect, as
there is no need for direction particles with giving. Giving verbs are always
`(subject) gives _____.` With receiving there is a direction involved
`(person) receives ____ from (giver).`

