Is "まえのとおなじで" an adverb?


Sometimes I get confused on the frontier whether an expression is an adverb or
not.

For instance, in  
政府はワインに新しく税を課した。(=the government has imposed a new tax on wine)

新しく is considered an adverb (made from the adjective 新しい) although there is no
clear reference in a dictionary as the word lost its radical from type
transformation. Some would claim it's an adverbial expression.

As of `まえのとおなじで` which can be literally translated as "same way as before" and
can be used before a verb, would you argue that this expression falls into the
specs of an adverbial type?




The distinction between an adverbial expression and an adjectival expression
is fairly strict and regular in Japanese. You can tell if a modifier is
adverbial just by looking at its form. Here, 新しく is the [ku-
form](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese-grammar/i-adjective-ku-form/) (aka
continuative form or 連用形) of 新しい, and it works as an adverb meaning "newly".
The more literal translation of that sentence is "the government has newly
imposed a tax on wine". Simply, 新しく, 赤く, 速く and so on modify verbs, while 新しい,
赤い, 速い and so on modify nouns.

で in まえのとおなじで can be either a case particle or the te-form of だ depending on
how it's used in a sentence. If this で is a particle, then it works
adverbially, i.e., it modifies a verb.

