い-adjectives derived from verbs


Some い-adjectives are derived somehow from verbs. For instance, 忙しい is related
to 急ぐ according to Wiktionary.

Are there many い-adjectives derived from verbs? If a given verb has an
adjectival form, can you reliably predict the pronunciation? Is there a list
of adjectives that come from verbs?

(I assume that this derivational process is no longer productive and that most
verbs don't have adjectival forms like this. Is that right?)




> Are there many い-adjectives derived from verbs?

There are quite a few. For example...

[勇]{いさ}む → 勇ましい  
[痛]{いた}む → 痛ましい  
[苛立]{いらだ}つ → 苛立たしい  
[疑]{うたが}う → 疑わしい  
[疎]{うと}む → 疎ましい  
[恨]{うら}む → 恨めしい  
[羨]{うらや}む → 羨ましい  
[恐]{おそ}る → 恐ろしい  
[好]{この}む → 好ましい  
[騒]{さわ}ぐ → 騒がしい  
[荒]{すさ}む → [凄]{すさ}まじい  
[悩]{なや}む → 悩ましい  
[妬]{ねた}む → 妬ましい  
[似付]{につ}く → 似付かわしい  
[望]{のぞ}む → 望ましい  
[喜]{よろこ}ぶ → 喜ばしい  
[煩]{わずら}う → 煩わしい  
This is not an exhaustive list. There are also
[慎]{つつ}ましい、[思]{おも}わしい、[呪]{のろ}わしい、ふさわしい、[輝]{かがや}かしい、[懐]{なつ}かしい、[行]{ゆ}く→ゆかしい(cf奥ゆかしい)
etc...

> If a given verb has an adjectival form, can you reliably predict the
> pronunciation?

Most follow the `-u → -ashii` pattern, (e.g. isogu → isog **a** shii) but
there are also `-u → -oshii` (e.g. osoru → osor **o** shii), `-u → -eshii`
(e.g. uramu → uram **e** shii) and even `-u → -ajii` (e.g. susamu → susama
**j** ii), `-u → -awashii` (e.g. nitsuku → nitsuka **wa** shii) so I'm not
sure.

> Is there a list of adjectives that come from verbs?

I searched on the Internet but I couldn't find a list.

> (I assume that this derivational process is no longer productive and that
> most verbs don't have adjectival forms like this. Is that right?)

I think you're right (but I'm not an expert so excuse me if I'm wrong).




> Are there many い-adjectives derived from verbs?

There are quite a few. For example...

[勇]{いさ}む → 勇ましい  
[痛]{いた}む → 痛ましい  
[苛立]{いらだ}つ → 苛立たしい  
[疑]{うたが}う → 疑わしい  
[疎]{うと}む → 疎ましい  
[恨]{うら}む → 恨めしい  
[羨]{うらや}む → 羨ましい  
[恐]{おそ}る → 恐ろしい  
[好]{この}む → 好ましい  
[騒]{さわ}ぐ → 騒がしい  
[荒]{すさ}む → [凄]{すさ}まじい  
[悩]{なや}む → 悩ましい  
[妬]{ねた}む → 妬ましい  
[似付]{につ}く → 似付かわしい  
[望]{のぞ}む → 望ましい  
[喜]{よろこ}ぶ → 喜ばしい  
[煩]{わずら}う → 煩わしい  
This is not an exhaustive list. There are also
[慎]{つつ}ましい、[思]{おも}わしい、[呪]{のろ}わしい、ふさわしい、[輝]{かがや}かしい、[懐]{なつ}かしい、[行]{ゆ}く→ゆかしい(cf奥ゆかしい)
etc...

> If a given verb has an adjectival form, can you reliably predict the
> pronunciation?

Most follow the `-u → -ashii` pattern, (e.g. isogu → isog **a** shii) but
there are also `-u → -oshii` (e.g. osoru → osor **o** shii), `-u → -eshii`
(e.g. uramu → uram **e** shii) and even `-u → -ajii` (e.g. susamu → susama
**j** ii), `-u → -awashii` (e.g. nitsuku → nitsuka **wa** shii) so I'm not
sure.

> Is there a list of adjectives that come from verbs?

I searched on the Internet but I couldn't find a list.

> (I assume that this derivational process is no longer productive and that
> most verbs don't have adjectival forms like this. Is that right?)

I think you're right (but I'm not an expert so excuse me if I'm wrong).

