Could one have more than one verb in the same sentence be converted to indirect passive?


I understand Adversity (indirect) passive are used to describe unfortunate
event.

Am I correct in saying that the sentence patterns with transitive verbs of
both adversity passive and simple (direct) passive are identical?

If that is the case, how would one know whether they are simply stating the
facts (simple passive) or describing unfortunate events (adversity passive)?
Again is it simply subjective depending on the context?

When one is using adversity passive describing an unfortunate event where the
sentence has a few verbs which could be transitive or intransitive, could one
have more than one verb in the same sentence be converted to passive to convey
the sense of being unfortunate

For example:

  * カエルはお腹が空きました。それで、カエルは虫をごくんと飲みました。

  * カエルは虫を食べ終わると、だんだん眠くなりました。そして、グッスリ寝てしまいました。

With the above two example sentences, could I convert any one or two or all
the verbs to passive depending on which verb or verbs are deemed as an
unfortunate events?

When the frog was hungry and when the frog ate the worms, they are all
unfortunate for the worms. When the frog finished eating the worms, got sleepy
and fell asleep, these were all unfortunate for the frog itself as it was
going to be eaten by a snake (not stated in the examples).




First, let's clarify what we are talking about.

**(A)** indirect passive with a transitive verb

> 私 **は** 妹 **に** ケーキ **を** 食べられた。  
>  彼 **は** 泥棒 **に** 指輪 **を** 盗まれた。  
>  娘 **を** 殺された。

**(B)** indirect passive with an intransitive verb

> 私 **は** 赤ちゃん **に** 泣かれた。  
>  彼 **は** 雨 **に** 降られた。  
>  親 **に** 死なれた。

**(C)** "direct" passive with a transitive verb

> 私 **は** 先生 **に** 見られた。  
>  彼 **は** ライオン **に** 食べられた。  
>  友達 **に** 殴られた。

Note that only (A) and (B) are usually called suffering/adversity passive
(迷惑の受け身). (C) is usually _not_ called adversity passive even if the event is
unfortunate to someone. And importantly, when an adversity meaning is present,
the event is unfortunate **to the person marked with は**.

* * *

> Am I correct in saying that the sentence patterns with transitive verbs of
> both adversity passive and simple (direct) passive are identical?

If you mean the difference between (A) and (C), no, their basic grammar
patterns are different, as you can easily see from the examples above.

(This may be nit-picky, but when words are heavily omitted, (A) and (C) can
appear identical. For example, 彼に殺された can mean both "[I] was killed by him"
(C) and "[I] got [my daughter] killed by him" (A) depending on the context.)

> how would one know whether they are simply stating the facts (simple
> passive) or describing unfortunate events (adversity passive)?

In the case of (A) and (B), they ~~always~~ almost always describe events
which are unfortunate to the person marked with は. In the case of (C), it
purely depends on the context.

> With the above two example sentences, could I convert any one or two or all
> the verbs to passive depending on which verb or verbs are deemed as an
> unfortunate events?

In general, there can be two or more indirect passive expression in a single
sentence. There is no particular restriction. But in the case of your frog
story, I feel there is no place to use indirect passive.

虫はカエルにごくんと飲まれました is fine if this were the story about the worm, but the main
character of your story is the frog. It makes little sense to suddenly change
the topic and form a sentence like this. The misfortune of the worm is not the
author's concern. (Or are you trying to rewrite the entire story from the
standpoint of the worm? That doesn't make much sense to me, either, because
the worm is already dead when eaten.)

カエルにお腹が空かれました is wrong in this context. It means something like "[I] got
bothered because the frog became hungry." When this event is unlucky to the
frog itself, you should say カエルはお腹が空いてしまいました.

> 今日は昼寝をされようと思われます

What is this supposed to mean? This sounds like "It appears to me that I am
planning to be bothered by someone's nap"...

