Meaning of 時間がありますか。


I've come across the sentence "時間がありますか" in Genki.  
It was translated as "do you have time?" and I don't know if it is used in a
context like "do you have time to talk?" or "what time is it?".  
Also, could I use just 時(とき)?




> 「時間{じかん}がありますか。」

can only mean:

> "Do you/we have time (for something or to do something)?"

So, it could **_not_** mean "What time is it?" even if you wanted it to. To
mean that, we say:

> 「今何時{いまなんじ}ですか。」 or 「今何時？」 for short.

Finally,

> Also, could I use just 時(とき)?

Good question, but the answer is negative (at least in modern everyday
speech).

It will sound poetic, philosophical, profound, etc. if you use 「時{とき}」 to
refer to 「時間」. In other words, it will sound pretty weird. We say things like:

> 「時{とき}は金{かね}なり。」 ("Time is money.")

That is fine because it is a profound statement; It is a proverb.




> 「時間{じかん}がありますか。」

can only mean:

> "Do you/we have time (for something or to do something)?"

So, it could **_not_** mean "What time is it?" even if you wanted it to. To
mean that, we say:

> 「今何時{いまなんじ}ですか。」 or 「今何時？」 for short.

Finally,

> Also, could I use just 時(とき)?

Good question, but the answer is negative (at least in modern everyday
speech).

It will sound poetic, philosophical, profound, etc. if you use 「時{とき}」 to
refer to 「時間」. In other words, it will sound pretty weird. We say things like:

> 「時{とき}は金{かね}なり。」 ("Time is money.")

That is fine because it is a profound statement; It is a proverb.

