Transitive-intransitive pairs with different readings


Transitive-intransitive pairs are common in Japanese. But in general the
reading of the _kanji_ is the same. I know of two exceptions: 出す{だす}-出る{でる}
and 入れる{いれる}-入る{はいる}. Are there more?




There are many possible ways to demarcate your question's scope, but if we
focus on _pairs whose morae until the shorter kanji coverage ends are
different_ (based on the current orthography), the number is quite limited.

  * **入【はい】る** ( _it._ ) : **入【い】れる** ( _t._ )  
The intransitive is a suppletion from はいいる "sneak in".

  * **出【で】る** : **出【だ】す**  
The pair lost their initial mora; in Classical Japanese they were いでる and いだす.

  * **消【き】える** : **消【け】す**  
Already different since the earliest appearance (きゆ vs. けつ).

  * **教【おそ】わる** : **教【おし】える**  
The intransitive is post-Classical; perhaps the influence of 襲う "inherit"?

  * **出来【でき】る** : **出来【でか】す**  
A leveled conjugation of Classical いでく and its transitive by analogy.

  * **干【ひ】る** : **干【ほ】す**  
The intransitive is almost obsolete but nevertheless in 常用漢字表 because of its
numerous compounds.

  * [Added] **陥【おちい】る** : **陥【おとしい】れる**  
The sole paired compound verbs that let both elements alter (落ちる + 入【い】る vs
落とす + 入れる) and have a single kanji.

The lengthy criterion above is to exclude such pairs that the kanji is allowed
to span in unequal length under the orthography, which are not very rare:

> 終【おわ】る (also 終わる) : 終【お】える / 冷【ひ】える : 冷【ひや】す (also 冷やす) / 泊【とま】る (also 泊まる)
> : 泊【と】める / 変【かわ】る (also 変わる) : 変【か】える etc.

And even:

> 座【すわ】る : 据【す】える / 怖【お】じる : 脅【おど】す etc.




There are many possible ways to demarcate your question's scope, but if we
focus on _pairs whose morae until the shorter kanji coverage ends are
different_ (based on the current orthography), the number is quite limited.

  * **入【はい】る** ( _it._ ) : **入【い】れる** ( _t._ )  
The intransitive is a suppletion from はいいる "sneak in".

  * **出【で】る** : **出【だ】す**  
The pair lost their initial mora; in Classical Japanese they were いでる and いだす.

  * **消【き】える** : **消【け】す**  
Already different since the earliest appearance (きゆ vs. けつ).

  * **教【おそ】わる** : **教【おし】える**  
The intransitive is post-Classical; perhaps the influence of 襲う "inherit"?

  * **出来【でき】る** : **出来【でか】す**  
A leveled conjugation of Classical いでく and its transitive by analogy.

  * **干【ひ】る** : **干【ほ】す**  
The intransitive is almost obsolete but nevertheless in 常用漢字表 because of its
numerous compounds.

  * [Added] **陥【おちい】る** : **陥【おとしい】れる**  
The sole paired compound verbs that let both elements alter (落ちる + 入【い】る vs
落とす + 入れる) and have a single kanji.

The lengthy criterion above is to exclude such pairs that the kanji is allowed
to span in unequal length under the orthography, which are not very rare:

> 終【おわ】る (also 終わる) : 終【お】える / 冷【ひ】える : 冷【ひや】す (also 冷やす) / 泊【とま】る (also 泊まる)
> : 泊【と】める / 変【かわ】る (also 変わる) : 変【か】える etc.

And even:

> 座【すわ】る : 据【す】える / 怖【お】じる : 脅【おど】す etc.

