Quiz question on keigo


While stumbling across [Lucky Star episode
15](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifMy4LvZINk&t=601s) (26-second clip, from
**8:51 - 9:17** ), I found that there was a scene where the characters were
watching a quiz show, where one of the questions asked was on keigo:

> Ｑ：「 **行く** 」の謙{けん}譲{じょう}語{ご}はなんでしょうか。
>
> Ａ：正{せい}解{かい}は「 **参{まい}る** 」でした！
>
> (The characters were all certain it was **伺{うかが}う** , but they all agree
> with **参る** later.)

Now, if I am not mistaken, 伺う is used when the act of going to a place
involves the listener (eg. saying はい、うかがいます！ to one's boss, when asked to go
to him) and 参る is used when the movement is **not** related to the listener
(eg. not the boss' company, country, home, etc.). I think both verbs are
humble forms of 行く.

* * *

**Why, then, is 参る preferred as an answer to 伺う?** Is there a nuance I am
missing here?




While there were many blog entries on keigo usage that said both 参る and 伺う are
謙譲語 for 行く, all of the dictionaries I checked (広辞苑, 新明解, 大辞林, etc.) agreed
that 伺う is a 謙譲語 for **訪問する／訪れる** , not 行く.

So the quiz segment is technically correct, even though it seems like a lot of
people think 伺う is also a 謙譲語 for 行く. This is probably because 参る and 伺う are
often interchangeable.

In terms of nuance in usage, I think the more important distinction is:

  * 参る humbles yourself in relation to the **listener**
  * 伺う humbles yourself in relation to the **place** you're visiting (or **someone** who is there)

So you can say 「妹のいる東京に参ります」 but not 「妹のいる東京に伺います」.

* * *

You can read more on the [two types of
謙譲語](https://www.google.co.jp/search?q=%E8%AC%99%E8%AD%B2%E8%AA%9E%E2%85%A0%20%E8%AC%99%E8%AD%B2%E8%AA%9E%E2%85%A1
"謙譲語Ⅰ 謙譲語Ⅱ - Google Search"), categorized by who the humbleness is directed
toward.




While there were many blog entries on keigo usage that said both 参る and 伺う are
謙譲語 for 行く, all of the dictionaries I checked (広辞苑, 新明解, 大辞林, etc.) agreed
that 伺う is a 謙譲語 for **訪問する／訪れる** , not 行く.

So the quiz segment is technically correct, even though it seems like a lot of
people think 伺う is also a 謙譲語 for 行く. This is probably because 参る and 伺う are
often interchangeable.

In terms of nuance in usage, I think the more important distinction is:

  * 参る humbles yourself in relation to the **listener**
  * 伺う humbles yourself in relation to the **place** you're visiting (or **someone** who is there)

So you can say 「妹のいる東京に参ります」 but not 「妹のいる東京に伺います」.

* * *

You can read more on the [two types of
謙譲語](https://www.google.co.jp/search?q=%E8%AC%99%E8%AD%B2%E8%AA%9E%E2%85%A0%20%E8%AC%99%E8%AD%B2%E8%AA%9E%E2%85%A1
"謙譲語Ⅰ 謙譲語Ⅱ - Google Search"), categorized by who the humbleness is directed
toward.

