北が上という常識は、実は北半球の国の人々が無意識に持っている差別の表れかもしれない


> 北が上という常識は、実は北半球の国の _人々が_ 無意識に持っている差別 **の** 表れかもしれない。 ([source: line
> 10-11](https://www.docdroid.net/847v2dg/img-20170413-0001-new.pdf.html))

My main issue are the parts in italic and bold. I understand the sentence as
follows:

> Concerning the common practice to call the north "up", to be honest the
> people of the northern hemisphere might appear to unconsciously be holding
> discrimination.

From a syntactical perspective though, I can't get through the sentence.

I would say that 北が上という常識は and 表れかもしれない are linked on one and the same
syntactical level:

> Concerning the common practice to call the north "up", **it** might appear.

In this case, I could interpret the bold の kind of like the の in a cleft
sentence like
[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/46538/problem-
with-%E3%81%AE%E3%81%8C-in-this-
sentence/46556?noredirect=1#comment83305_46556). But this concept was
explained to me only very recently, hasn't really appeared before in my
textbook and I don't think that I have a good grasp of it yet.

I don't really have an idea how else to interpret this の right now. The phrase
実は北半球の国の _人々が_ 無意識に持っている差別 **の** is not really archetypical in its form. It's
subject is 北半球の国の _人々_ が, but this isn't connected to an intransitive verb,
and the only verb that is there is 持つ which is transitive, but that one in
turn isn't connected to a direct object, at least not through traditional
means via a particle preceding the only potential direct object 差別.

That's why the only way out is filling the empty slot for the predicative with
a presumably elliptic copula: "Concerning the common practice to call the
north up, it might appear that **it** (corresponding to の, cleft sentence)
**is** (corresponding the elliptic copula) discrimination which the people of
the northern hemisphere are holding.

seems to be the subject in this clause/phrase which is embedded into
北が上という常識は...表れかもしれない, but it lacks a predicative. The whole phrase also isn't
connected to a transitive verb and object or an intransitive verb. I could
extrapolate the ellipsis of a copula "Concerning the common practice to call
the north "up", it might appear (that) it is discrimination which the people
of the northern hemisphere are holding."

Or an even more literal approach, trying to mimic the chain of
attributes/attribute-like-phrases the Japanese sentence forms (in my opinion):

> Concerning the common practice to call the north "up", it might appear it is
> people of the northern hemisphere holding discrimination.




表れ in this sentence is not acting as a verb. It is a noun meaning "embodiment,
manifestation".

The phrase 北半球の国の人々が無意識に持っている is a relative clause modifying 差別, so you have
correctly interpreted this as "discrimination which the people of the northern
hemisphere unconsciously have".

Removing the relative clause, the simplified sentence is:

> 北が上という常識は、実は...差別の表れかもしれない

Here, の is just connecting the noun 差別 and the noun 表れ, so 差別の表れ is simply
"a/the manifestation of discrimination"

The predicate is the copula: だ is omitted before かもしれない.

So all together:

> "The common-sense assumption that the north is "up" might actually be the
> manifestation of the discrimination/prejudice that the people of the
> northern hemisphere unconsciously hold.




表れ in this sentence is not acting as a verb. It is a noun meaning "embodiment,
manifestation".

The phrase 北半球の国の人々が無意識に持っている is a relative clause modifying 差別, so you have
correctly interpreted this as "discrimination which the people of the northern
hemisphere unconsciously have".

Removing the relative clause, the simplified sentence is:

> 北が上という常識は、実は...差別の表れかもしれない

Here, の is just connecting the noun 差別 and the noun 表れ, so 差別の表れ is simply
"a/the manifestation of discrimination"

The predicate is the copula: だ is omitted before かもしれない.

So all together:

> "The common-sense assumption that the north is "up" might actually be the
> manifestation of the discrimination/prejudice that the people of the
> northern hemisphere unconsciously hold.

