text: Taqqimt iyyat n tikarsiwen n nanotechnology ahan tanat ti axdam nen i amukin n nanotubes d nanowires, ti axdamnen daɣ amukin semiconductor chund ultraviolet lithography chajren, electron beam lithography , ijjanen fal beam machining, nanoimprint lithography, atomic layer deposition d olecular vapor deposition,tolas ahan tikarsiwen n asidu n molecule tan chund ti tajjach nen di-block copolymer tan