Description from the <i>Cambridge History of Southeast Asia</i>:<br>When the Dutch first arrived in the busy port of Banten at the close of the sixteenth century, they noted a number of boats which were common throughout the region. The first was the <i>perahu</i>, a name which was generally used for a small undecked boat. At Banten the <i>perahu</i> had a house-like structure built over part of the hull to serve as a shelter. It also had a large mainmast and a foremast with bamboo booms. The sails were made of a type of palm or rattan matting and sometimes even of woven palm leaves. Some six men sat in the front of the perahu and would row if necessary, while two men remained in the back to work the two rudders placed on either side of the boat. There was also a bamboo rudder under the middle of the perahu which was kept in place by a rope. There was another boat called the <i>katur</i> which impressed the Dutch for its speed. It was a basic dug-out with a round keel, pointed bows, and a double outrigger. It had such a large sail that the Dutch marvelled that it did not overturn in the wind. There was also a trader called a <i>jong</i>, which had a bowsprit and in some cases a forked mast, as well as a mainmast and a foremast. There was an enclosed upper deck stretching the whole length of the <i>jong</i>, part of which formed a special cabin for the captain. Below the main deck were compartments where the goods were stowed, with access through two openings on either side of the ship. The capacity of the largest <i>jong</i> which the Dutch saw in Banten was estimated to be not more than forty tonnes, though they commented that those from China and Pegu were far larger.
Rijksmuseum
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