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<p>te with their public. Framing offers insights  into terrorist and insurgent operations that are only recently being addressed but still not widely capitalized on by  current U.S. Army operations in Iraq. My focus is on the role of framing in the U.S. counterterrorism effort, and I will  demonstrate how insurgent and terrorist messages shape the information operations (IO) battlefield against U.S. and  Coalition Forces in the Middle East. The thesis will show that the terrorist's message is just as important as the act of  terrorism itself and these messages provide a window into understanding their operations, their ties to constituencies,  and possibly their direction for future attacks.  The concept of framing can serve as an aid to U.S. military leaders in addressing problems that the  conventional forces face when tasked to fight an unconventional but highly organized enemy. Framing's application  to military operations could help to better define the IO and PSYOP operations to maneuver commanders who are not  as well versed in the use of non-kinetic offensive and defensive operations. Framing, as defined by social  mobilization theorists offers a different perspective on the operational structure of insurgent leadership and can  demonstrate weaknesses in the insurgent organization that can be capitalized upon with less threat to civilian life.
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<br>Subjects: Terrorism and mass media; Iraq; Information warfare; Psychological warfare; Insurgency; Counterinsurgency</div>
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Anderson, Todd A.</div>
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