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<p>The Gulf of Guinea (GoG) sub-region has large deposits of hydrocarbons and other natural resources. There is now a stiff international competition among industrialized nations including the United States, some European countries, China, Japan,  and India that are looking for new, safer, and more reliable sources of energy as a result of the Middle East crisis. Extra-regional  competitions for oil, while boosting the economy of the sub-region have also exposed the area to increased security risks. Subregional  resources and potential are presently being undermined by multifaceted domestic, sub-regional and international threats  and vulnerabilities. These challenge the sub-regional states, including Nigeria, with limited capacity for maritime security.  Assessment of sub-regional naval forces based on their Order of Battle, shows that most of the navies cannot police beyond their  territorial waters.  This study presents an integrated collective maritime security strategy for the sub-region. The strategy proposes measures  to protect the maritime environment from unauthorized use and to develop member states' capabilities to deal with the emerging  security threats. Additionally, it would encourage collaboration with extra-regional powers and oil majors in efforts to transform  naval capabilities and improve interoperability to meet the challenges of the changing security threats within the sub-regional maritime domain.
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<br>Subjects: Petroleum industry and trade; Nigeria; Political aspects; Guinea, Gulf of; Merchant marine; Security measures; Africa, West; Africa, Central</div>
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Iheme, Chuks Onwumere</div>
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