<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_blood_tests" class="extiw" title="en:Reference ranges for blood tests">Reference ranges for the blood</a> content of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luteinizing_hormone" class="extiw" title="en:Luteinizing hormone">luteinizing hormone</a> (LH) during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/menstrual_cycle" class="extiw" title="en:menstrual cycle">menstrual cycle</a>.
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Interpretation">Interpretation</span></h2>
<p>The <b>time scale</b> starts with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation#Relation_to_menstrual_cycle_and_pregnancy" class="extiw" title="en:Menstruation">beginning (or "onset") of (last) menstrual period</a> (LMP), given as <i>day number</i>. <i>Day number 1</i> corresponds to <i>0 to 0.99 days from LMP</i>, and <i>Day number 2</i> corresponds to <i>1.00 to 1.99 days from LMP</i> and so forth. The time scale ends at whatever is the actual <i>next menstruation</i>, which marks the beginning of the next cycle, which is equivalent to starting all over again from the beginning of the time scale.
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<ul><li><b>Inter-cycle</b> (also called within-woman or intrawoman) variability for ovulation and next menstruation are the 95% <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/prediction_interval" class="extiw" title="en:prediction interval">prediction intervals</a> for the timing of these events in any single woman, assuming an inter-cycle average duration that is equal to population average.</li>
<li><b>Inter-woman</b> variability for ovulation and next menstruation are the 95% prediction intervals for the timing of these events in the overall population.</li></ul><p><b>Hormone levels</b> represent usual ones, not necessarily related to what is healthy. Hormone ranges vary between cases at the same biological stage of the menstrual cycle. Furthermore, the actual timing (usually given in day numbers from mentruation) of that biological stage varies, both between cycles of any single woman (inter-cycle) and between somen (inter-woman). Therefore, the appropriate ranges to use depend on how certain the actual biological stage can be estimated at any time.
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<ul><li>The ranges denoted <b>By biological stage</b> are the 90% prediction intervals for hormone levels for women at the same biological stage. These reference ranges may be used in closely monitored menstrual cycles in regard to other markers of its biological progression, with the time scale being compressed or stretched to how much faster or slower, respectively, the cycle progresses compared to an average cycle. In the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/luteal_phase" class="extiw" title="en:luteal phase">luteal phase</a>, a known time of ovulation is sufficient to use these ranges.</li>
<li>The ranges denoted <b>Inter-cycle variability</b> (also called within-woman or intrawoman variability) are the up to 95% prediction intervals for any single woman, assuming an inter-cycle average duration that is equal to population average. These ranges are more appropriate to use in non-monitored cycles with only the beginning of menstruation known, but where the woman accurately knowing her average cycle lengths and time of ovulation, and that they are somewhat averagely regular, with the time scale being compressed or stretched to how much a woman's average cycle length is shorter or longer, respectively, than the average of the population.</li>
<li>The ranges denoted <b>Inter-woman variability</b> are the up to 95% prediction intervals for hormone levels in the overall population. These ranges are more appropriate in non-monitored cycles, where the average cycle lengths and time of ovulation are unknown, but only the beginning of menstruation is given.</li></ul><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Derivation">Derivation</span></h2>
<p>See source article:
</p>
<ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal"> (2014). "<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/WikiJournal_of_Medicine/Reference_ranges_for_estradiol,_progesterone,_luteinizing_hormone_and_follicle-stimulating_hormone_during_the_menstrual_cycle">Reference ranges for estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone during the menstrual cycle</a>". <i>WikiJournal of Medicine</i> <b>1</b> (1). <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="extiw" title="w:Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15347/wjm/2014.001">10.15347/wjm/2014.001</a>.</cite></li></ul><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1oM7AHYaBCFrblqpV2iw-RfcXOczc3Wf_/view?usp=sharing">Excel file of source data</a></li></ul>
<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Mikael_H%C3%A4ggstr%C3%B6m" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:User:Mikael Häggström">Mikael Häggström</a>
</p><p>This image can be cited as:
</p>
<ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Mikael_H%C3%A4ggstr%C3%B6m" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:User:Mikael Häggström">Häggström, Mikael</a> (2014). "<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_estradiol,_progesterone,_luteinizing_hormone_and_follicle-stimulating_hormone_during_the_menstrual_cycle">Reference ranges for estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone during the menstrual cycle</a>". <i>Wikiversity Journal of Medicine</i> <b>1</b> (1). <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="extiw" title="w:Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15347/wjm/2014.001">10.15347/wjm/2014.001</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="extiw" title="en:International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/20018762">20018762</a>.</cite></li></ul>
2011-01-22
<p><span class="int-own-work" lang="en">Own work</span>. 
</p>
<p class="mw-empty-elt">
</p><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:152px;"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hormones_estradiol,_progesterone,_LH_and_FSH_during_menstrual_cycle.svg" class="image"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hormones_estradiol%2C_progesterone%2C_LH_and_FSH_during_menstrual_cycle.svg/150px-Hormones_estradiol%2C_progesterone%2C_LH_and_FSH_during_menstrual_cycle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="295" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hormones_estradiol%2C_progesterone%2C_LH_and_FSH_during_menstrual_cycle.svg/225px-Hormones_estradiol%2C_progesterone%2C_LH_and_FSH_during_menstrual_cycle.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hormones_estradiol%2C_progesterone%2C_LH_and_FSH_during_menstrual_cycle.svg/300px-Hormones_estradiol%2C_progesterone%2C_LH_and_FSH_during_menstrual_cycle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="831" data-file-height="1635"></a>  <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hormones_estradiol,_progesterone,_LH_and_FSH_during_menstrual_cycle.svg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hormones_estradiol,_progesterone,_LH_and_FSH_during_menstrual_cycle.svg" title="File:Hormones estradiol, progesterone, LH and FSH during menstrual cycle.svg">Hormones estradiol, progesterone, LH and FSH during menstrual cycle.svg</a></div></div></div> 
For ease of keeping the x-axis vertically consistent within the image series, all the images in this series are derived from one common vector image: <a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hormones_estradiol,_progesterone,_LH_and_FSH_during_menstrual_cycle.svg" title="File:Hormones estradiol, progesterone, LH and FSH during menstrual cycle.svg">File:Hormones estradiol, progesterone, LH and FSH during menstrual cycle.svg</a> (made using Inkscape).