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<p>During the last century, U.S. military doctrine instructed commanders to bypass dense urban areas at all costs.  This train of thought is now obsolete, as senior U.S. military leaders predict the military will fight the next major war in a megacity. This research models sensor detection of subsurface adversary movements in urban municipal infrastructure to provide early warning to U.S. troops in the defense. Our model assesses whether tactics used on the ground can be applied underground.  Results show that some tactics do not perform the same in the subsurface; however, the tactics that perform well in an urban subterranean environment may have negative consequences on the civilian population.
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<br>Subjects: unattended ground sensors; subterranean; subsurface; underground; municipal infrastructure; megacity; sewer; storm drainage; U.S. Army; U.S. Marines; United States Corps of Engineers; future wars; urban warfare; underground warfare</div>
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Smith, Shane K.</div>
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