This is Karl von Spruner’s 1855 map of South America, with an “overview of its discovery, conquest and colonization.”  Nation states, European possessions, and overlapping indigenous peoples’ territories are color coded, with historical notes throughout.  Relief is shown by hachures, and the finely engraved detail throughout exhibits the exquisite craftsmanship for which the Perthes firm is best known.  Justus Perthes published the map as plate number 15 in Dr. Karl von Spruner's 1855  Historisch-Geographischer Hand-Atlas zur  Geschichte Asiens, Africa’s, America’s und Australiens , also known as  Histor. Atlas. Ausser Europa .
<bdi><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Karl_Spruner_von_Merz" class="extiw" title="w:en:Karl Spruner von Merz"><span title="German cartographer (1803-1892)">Karl Spruner von Merz</span></a>
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1855 (undated)
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