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In 1642 the city council commissioned the surveyors Hendrik Duijndam and Peter Wils to design a new expansion on the north side of the city. Leiden and Amsterdam had expanded their borders in a similar fashion. The designers based their ideas on an idealised 'Italian' view of the ideal city. Salomon de Bray contributed his own plan, convincing the council that the northern expansion was just one step in realising a star-shaped ideal city that would surround the existing city walls in a star pattern with 16 bastions, with the cathedral in the center. Salomon de Bray's plan was partially executed on the North side, and his zigzag canals around the bastions still exist today. This map shows the situation before construction began.</div>
<bdi><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21283143" class="extiw" title="d:Q21283143"><span title="cartographer from Haarlem">Pieter Wils</span></a>
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1646<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1646-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>
<p>Self-made photo of 1997 reproduction of one of many copies of this map in possession of North Holland Archives.
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Archiefdienst voor Kennemerland/Historische Museum Zuid-Kennemerland, Haarlem