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<p>TB MED 81<br>NAVMED P-5052-29<br>AFP 161-11<br><br>Introduction. Cold injury is defined as tissue trauma produced by exposure to cold. The type of injury produced depends upon the degree of cold to which the body (or its parts) is exposed, the duration of exposure, and certain concurrent environmental factors. For practical purposes, cold inj uries may be divided simply into "freezing" and "non-freezing" types. The former is the well-known frostbite (superficial<br>or deep). The non-freezing types are chilblains, trench foot, and immersion foot. There exists no real justification for distinguishing between trench foot and immersion foot with respect either to pathology or management, nor even to the environmental conditions which were causative. Both result from prolonged exposure of the feet to wet cold: trench foot to cold wet socks and boots, immersion foot to cold water- with or without socks and boots. For present purposes the term "trench foot" will be employed to cover both "immersion foot" and the more cumbersome "non-freezing cold injury." Chilblains is the only cold injury which is not of significant military importance.
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<br>Subjects: Cold weather medicine; military medicine; Cold Temperature</div>
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U.S. DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY, THE NAVY, AND THE AIR FORCE</div>
<dl><dd><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/ColdInjury1976">https://archive.org/details/ColdInjury1976</a></dd>
<dd><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/download/ColdInjury1976/Cold%20Injury%20%281976%29.pdf">https://archive.org/download/ColdInjury1976/Cold%20Injury%20%281976%29.pdf</a></dd></dl>