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<p>Review of Capnography for Basic Anesthetic Monitoring<br>Lieutenant Jeffrey A. Draude, DC, USN and Commander John H. Wilson, DC, USN<br><br>Introduction<br>The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) updated the Standards for Basic Anesthetic Monitoring, requiring the use of capnography during moderate sedation. On 01 July 2011, the implementation of these new changes was placed into effect. Capnography is defined as the noninvasive infra-red measurement and display of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) during a respiratory cycle. This display, or capnogram, usually consists of the maximum inspiratory and expiratory concentrations of CO2 plotted against time; resulting in a CO2 concentration waveform.2 Essentially, this wave-form directly reflects the amount of CO2 eliminated by the lungs. Hypoxia, a condition in which the body is deprived of an adequate supply of oxygen, is certainly a primary concern during all anesthesia procedures. Perhaps the greatest asset of capnography during anesthetic monitoring is the early identification of potential situations which can result in hypoxia. The objective of this clinical update is to review capnography and its role in basic anesthetic monitoring.
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<br>Subjects: Anesthesia</div>
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U.S. Navy. Naval Postgraduate Dental School</div>
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