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<p>Diagnosis of Periodontal Defects Utilizing Cone Beam Computed Tomography<br><br>Lieutenant Barak A. Wray, DC, USN and Commander Matthew B. Miller, DC, USN<br><br>Introduction<br>Current approaches to diagnosing periodontal defects, such as<br>infrabony and furcation defects, utilize both a clinical and conventional<br>radiographic examination. Clinical examination of<br>infrabony and furcation defects is limited by the anatomy of the<br>adjacent teeth, soft tissue and alveolar bone. Conventional radiographs<br>project the alveolar process into a two-dimensional<br>plane so that many anatomical structures overlie periodontal<br>defects and obscure their view. Also, film positioning errors<br>with conventional radiographs can change the relative position<br>of anatomic landmarks resulting in over- or under-estimation of<br>the amount of bone loss in these defects.<br><br>Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a recently developed<br>imaging modality that is proving to be highly useful in the<br>field of dentistry. Unlike a conventional radiographs, a CBCT<br>allows for a volumetric three-dimensional image that can be<br>used to isolate and reveal the anatomy of periodontal defects.<br>Advances in CBCT imaging have improved vastly, allowing<br>submillimeter resolution along with minimal image distortion.<br>Furthermore, other CBCT benefits include: improved image<br>quality, three-dimensional reconstruction which can be digitally<br>manipulated, a 1:1 aspect ratio allowing for accurate volumetric<br>and direct-line measurements, integration with CAD/CAM technology<br>and electronic portablity. In contrast to the inadequacy<br>of conventional two-dimensional radiographs, CBCTs are proving<br>to be highly useful in aiding in the identification of periodontal<br>defects, streamlining diagnosis and advancing the quality<br>of periodontal therapy.
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<br>Subjects: Alveolar Process ;  Anatomic Landmarks ;  Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dentistry ; Furcation Defects ; Imaging; Three-Dimensional; Tomography; X-Ray Computed</div>
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U.S. Navy. Naval Postgraduate Dental School</div>
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