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<p>The supplemental appropriation may be used as a budgetary tool for funding requirements. This study examined how the supplemental affected the Department of Defense (DoD) from fiscal year 1996 to fiscal year 2000. Furthermore, it examined the nature of the supplemental by studying its characteristics. Defense budgetary spending caps mandate that supplemental spending remain under certain limits. However, the use of the \"emergency\" designation has been a useful tool in expanding the amount of funds that the DoD may utilize. During the time of this study, the supplemental grew both in amounts and in the usage of the contingent emergency designation. In some cases, the President initiated supplemental spending, but in the latter years, it appeared that Congress took the lead. Furthermore, the need for supplementals went beyond one-time expenditures. Supplemental funding became a need to ensure readiness while the number of requirements grew and the emergency designation helped to make that possible.
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<br>Subjects: Budget process; United States; Finance, Public; Supplemental Appropriations; Emergency Appropriations; Rescissions, Budget Strategy</div>
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Urso, Philip G.</div>
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