The Amakusa Kirishitan Memorial Hall's "Amakusa Shiro Battle Flag" is said to have been used by Amakusa Shiro during the Amakusa-Shimabara Rebellion in 1637. It is an important cultural property of Japan and is said to be one of the world's three major holy flags along with the Western European crusader flag and the Joan of Arc flag. The flag bears marks of blood and arrows from battle, and in the center of the flag is a chalice filled with wine, above which is a large cross in the Eucharist Bread, representing Christ. The cross has a dry shape, and in the upper horizontal part of it is written the initials "INRI", which means "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews". Two angels are flanking them. At the top of the flag is an inscription in old Portuguese:  "LOVVADo SEIA O SĀCTISSIMo SACRAMENTO" which means "Praise the Most Precious Sacrament of the Eucharist." There is no Japanese written, but the author is said to be the work of Yamada Emosaku (山田右衛門作, c.1598-
1657), who fought alongside Shiro Amakusa and was the only survivor.
Yamada Emosaku (山田右衛門作, c.1598- 1657)
1637
<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.t-island.jp/event/950">https://www.t-island.jp/event/950</a> (Amakusa Christian Museum / 天草市立天草キリシタン館). Additional info: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.welcomekyushu.jp/event/?mode=detail&amp;isSpot=1&amp;id=9999900000871">https://www.welcomekyushu.jp/event/?mode=detail&amp;isSpot=1&amp;id=9999900000871</a>