A crumpled thin film of polypyrrole formed on a stainless steel electrode. The electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole involves applying current to electrodes in a solution containing the monomer pyrrole. It is considered an effective and precise method for thin film manufacturing. Here is a compilation of polypyrrole thin films. This scanning electron microscopy image was taken at the Institute of Technology University of Tartu during the research work of polypyrrole actuators.
<a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Kadriannvaldur&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="User:Kadriannvaldur (page does not exist)">Kadri-Ann Valdur</a>, Tarmo Tamm, Indrek Must
CC BY 4.0
<span class="int-own-work" lang="en">Own work</span>