A black flag with a skull and crossbones and the slogan in Ukrainian, "Death to all who stand in the way of freedom for the working people." 
<p><br>It was widely believed to be one of the main flags of Nestor Makhno's Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, since it was first labelled <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oldgazette.ru/lib/pogrom/0100-1.html">a "Makhnovist banner"</a> in the 1926 book "Jewish Pogroms: 1918–1921" by Z.S. Ostrovsky (under <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oldgazette.ru/lib/pogrom/06.html">Section VIII, "Pogromists."</a>)
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<br>In 1927, Makhno himself published an article in Delo Truda, denying allegations that his forces committed pogroms, and asserted that the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://noticiasayr.blogspot.com/2017/12/a-todos-los-judios-del-mundo.html">skull and bones flag</a> had no connection to his army. The flag is believed to have belonged to the forces of the Ukrainian insurgent Svyryd Kotsur.
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