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4036103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aubria | Aubria | Aubria is a small genus of frogs, with two (possibly three) known species. All members of this genus are found in West Africa. Their common name is ball frogs or fishing frogs.
Etymology
The genus name Aubria is in honour of Charles Eugène Aubry-Lecomte, a French colonial administrator and amateur naturalist.
Species
The recognized species are:
Aubria masako (Ohler & Kazadi, 1990) - Masako fishing frog
Aubria subsigillata (Duméril, 1856) - brown ball frog
The status of A. occidentalis is disputed; following the Amphibian Species of the World it is here treated as a synonym of A. subsigillata.
References
Pyxicephalidae
Amphibians of Sub-Saharan Africa
Amphibian genera
Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger |
4036113 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos%20di%20Laura | Carlos di Laura | Carlos di Laura (born 19 October 1964) is a former tennis player from Peru.
He participated in the 1984 Summer Olympics for his native country. The left-hander won three tour doubles titles during his professional career.
Di Laura reached his highest singles ranking on 12 May 1986, when he became the world No. 92.
Career finals
Doubles (3 titles, 2 runner-ups)
References
External links
1964 births
Living people
Olympic tennis players of Peru
Pepperdine Waves men's tennis players
Peruvian expatriates in the United States
Peruvian male tennis players
Tennis players at the 1984 Summer Olympics |
4036116 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Calypso | HMS Calypso | The following ships of the Royal Navy were assigned the name Calypso, after Calypso, a sea nymph in Greek mythology:
, a 16-gun sloop of 342 tons burthen, launched at Graves, Deptford 27 September 1783. She sank during a violent storm on 30 July 1803 with the loss of all her crew when a heavily laden West Indiaman ran afoul of her.
, an 18-gun sloop of the launched at Dudman, Deptford Wharf 2 February 1805; not broken up until 1821.
, a 10-gun . Ordered 1824 for construction at Deptford Dockyard; renamed Hyaena in 1826; and cancelled 21 February 1831.
Calypso was to be a 10-gun brig-sloop of the Cherokee class. Laid down March 1825 at Chatham Dockyard as HMS Hyaena; launched 19 August 1826 and renamed Calypso that same year; completed as a yacht for the governor of Malta. Later a packet brig for Royal Navy. Lost 1 February 1833.
Calypso, to be a 10-gun brig-sloop of the Cherokee class. Laid down 1829 at Woolwich dockyard; renamed Hyaena in 1830; cancelled 1831.
, a sixth rate launched at Chatham Dockyard in May 1845; broken up 29 January 1866.
, a 46-gun fifth rate of 1,103 tons bm. Launched at Deptford Dockyard 12 January 1819. Relegated to harbour service in 1850; renamed HMS Calypso 9 March 1870, and sold 28 February 1895.
, a launched in 1883, used as a training ship for the Newfoundland Royal Naval Reserve from 1902, renamed HMS Briton in 1916, sold in 1922 and used as a storage hulk, and now awash north of Lewisporte.
, a of the Caledon sub-class; launched in 1917 and sunk in 1940 by the Italian submarine .
See also
(ex-Royal Navy minesweeper HMS J-026), research ship of Jacques-Yves Cousteau
References
pp. 42, 57, 169.
Grocott, Terence (1997) Shipwrecks of the revolutionary & Napoleonic eras (Chatham).
Royal Navy ship names |
4036128 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinderton | Kinderton | Kinderton is an electoral ward in Middlewich, Cheshire, England. Kinderton was also historically the name of a township in Middlewich on the opposite side of the River Croco from the current ward.
In the Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (1870–72) John Marius Wilson described Kinderton:
References
Middlewich |
4036134 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conraua | Conraua | Conraua, known as slippery frogs or giant frogs is a genus of large frogs from sub-Saharan Africa. Conraua is the only genus in the family Conrauidae. Alternatively, it may be placed in the family Petropedetidae.
This genus includes the largest frog of the world, Conraua goliath, which may grow to in snout–vent length and weigh as much as . Four of the seven species in this genus are threatened.
Etymology
The generic name Conraua honours Gustav Conrau, a German trader and labour recruiter in Cameroon who was the collector of the holotype of Conraua robusta, the type species of the genus.
Species
The recognized species are:
Conraua alleni
Conraua beccarii
Conraua crassipes
Conraua derooi Hulselmans, 1972
Conraua goliath (Boulenger, 1906) – goliath frog
Conraua robusta Nieden, 1908 – Cameroon slippery frog
Conraua sagyimase Neira-Salamea, Ofori-Boateng, Kouamé, Blackburn, Segniagbeto, Hillers, Barej, Leaché & Rödel, 2021
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Conraua.
References
External links
Amphibians of Sub-Saharan Africa
Amphibian genera
Taxa named by Fritz Nieden |
4036144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biguanide | Biguanide | Biguanide () is the organic compound with the formula HN(C(NH)NH2)2. It is a colorless solid that dissolves in water to give highly basic solution. These solutions slowly hydrolyse to ammonia and urea.
Biguanidine drugs
A variety of derivatives of biguanide are used as pharmaceutical drugs.
Antihyperglycemic agents
The term "biguanidine" often refers specifically to a class of drugs that function as oral antihyperglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment.
Examples include:
Metformin - widely used in treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2
Phenformin - withdrawn from the market in most countries due to toxic effects
Buformin - withdrawn from the market due to toxic effects
History
Galega officinalis (French lilac) was used in diabetes treatment for centuries. In the 1920s, guanidine compounds were discovered in Galega extracts. Animal studies showed that these compounds lowered blood glucose levels. Some less toxic derivatives, synthalin A and synthalin B, were used for diabetes treatment, but after the discovery of insulin, their use declined. Biguanides were reintroduced into Type 2 diabetes treatment in the late 1950s. Initially phenformin was widely used, but its potential for sometimes fatal lactic acidosis resulted in its withdrawal from most pharmacopeias (in the U.S. in 1978). Metformin has a much better safety profile, and it is the principal biguanide drug used in pharmacotherapy worldwide.
Mechanism of action
The mechanism of action of biguanides is not fully understood, and many mechanisms have been proposed for metformin.
Biguanides do not affect the output of insulin, unlike other hypoglycemic agents such as sulfonylureas and meglitinides. Therefore, they are effective in Type 2 diabetics; and in Type 1 diabetes when used in conjunction with insulin therapy.
Mainly used in Type II diabetes, metformin is considered to increase insulin sensitivity in vivo, resulting in reduced plasma glucose concentrations, increased glucose uptake, and decreased gluconeogenesis.
However, in hyperinsulinemia, biguanides can lower fasting levels of insulin in plasma. Their therapeutic uses derive from their tendency to reduce gluconeogenesis in the liver, and, as a result, reduce the level of glucose in the blood. Biguanides also tend to make the cells of the body more willing to absorb glucose already present in the bloodstream, and there again reducing the level of glucose in the plasma.
Side effects and toxicity
The most common side effect is diarrhea and dyspepsia, occurring in up to 30% of patients. The most important and serious side effect is lactic acidosis, therefore metformin is contraindicated in advanced chronic kidney disease. Kidney function should be assessed before starting metformin. Phenformin and buformin are more prone to cause acidosis than metformin; therefore they have been practically replaced by it. However, when metformin is combined with other drugs (combination therapy), hypoglycemia and other side effects are possible.
Antimalarial
Some biguanides are also used as antimalarial drugs. Examples include:
Proguanil
Chlorproguanil
Disinfectants
The disinfectants chlorhexidine, polyaminopropyl biguanide (PAPB), polihexanide, and alexidine feature biguanide functional groups.
References
Guanidines |
4036145 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric%20Amend | Eric Amend | Eric Amend (born November 17, 1965) is an American former tennis player who represented the United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics. Born in Berkeley, California, the right-hander did not win any ATP titles during his professional career reached his highest singles ATP-ranking on September 20, 1993, when he became the World No. 234. Amend served as an assistant coach for his alma mater's Tennis Team, at the University of Southern California, for five years during which the team won the 2009 & 2010 NCAA National Championships.
External links
1965 births
Living people
American male tennis players
Olympic tennis players of the United States
Sportspeople from Berkeley, California
Tennis people from California
Tennis players at the 1984 Summer Olympics
USC Trojans men's tennis coaches
USC Trojans men's tennis players
American tennis coaches |
4036167 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%2C4-Dimethoxybenzene | 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene | 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene is an organic compound with the formula CH(OCH). It is one of three isomers of dimethoxybenzene. It is a white solid with an intensely sweet floral odor. It is produced by several plant species.
Occurrence
It occurs naturally in willow (Salix), tea, hyacinth, zucchini (Cucurbita pepo). It appears to attract bees as it has a powerful response in their antenna. In a study in mice, Iranian scientists identified 1,4-dimethoxybenzene as the major psychoactive chemical in musk willow (Salix aegyptiaca) by its ability to cause somnolescence and depressed activity.
Preparation
It is produced by the methylation of hydroquinone using dimethylsulfate and an alkali.
Uses
1,4-Dimethoxybenzene is mainly used in perfumes and soaps.
It is an intermediate in synthesis of organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals such as methoxamine and butaxamine.
Niche uses
It can be used as a developer in black and white film, and as a base in synthesizing catecholamines and phenethylamines.
References
Hydroquinone ethers
O-methylated natural phenols
Sweet-smelling chemicals |
4036168 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrosi%20Hoffmann | Ambrosi Hoffmann | Ambrosi Hoffmann (born 22 March 1977, in Davos) is a Swiss alpine skier.
At the 2002 Winter Olympics, he finished 8th in downhill. He won a bronze medal in super-G at the 2006 Winter Olympics and placed 17th in the downhill event.
References
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20180804022458/http://ambrosihoffmann.ch/
1977 births
Swiss male alpine skiers
Alpine skiers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Olympic alpine skiers of Switzerland
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Olympic medalists in alpine skiing
Olympic bronze medalists for Switzerland
Living people
People from Davos
Sportspeople from Graubünden |
4036169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphlyctis | Euphlyctis | Euphlyctis is a genus of frogs in family Dicroglossidae distributed from the southwestern Arabian Peninsula, Pakistan and Afghanistan to India, Nepal, through Myanmar and Thailand to Malaya, and Sri Lanka. None of the four species assessed by the IUCN is considered threatened.
Species
There are eight species recognised in the genus Euphlyctis:
Euphlyctis aloysii Joshy, Alam, Kurabayashi, Sumida, and Kuramoto, 2009
Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (Schneider, 1799)
Euphlyctis ehrenbergii (Peters, 1863)
Euphlyctis ghoshi (Chanda, 1991)
Euphlyctis hexadactylus (Lesson, 1834)
Euphlyctis kalasgramensis Howlader, Nair, Gopalan, and Merilä, 2015
Euphlyctis karaavali Priti, Naik, Seshadri, Singal, Vidisha, Ravikanth, and Gururaja, 2016
Euphlyctis kerala Dinesh, Channakeshavamurthy, Deepak, Ghosh, and Deuti, 2021
Euphlyctis mudigere Joshy, Alam, Kurabayashi, Sumida, and Kuramoto, 2009 was placed into the synonymy of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis
References
Dicroglossidae
Amphibians of Asia
Amphibian genera
Taxa named by Leopold Fitzinger |
4036172 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GayVN%20Awards | GayVN Awards | The GayVN Awards are film awards presented annually to honor work done in the gay pornographic industry. The awards were sponsored by AVN Magazine, the parent publication of GAYVN Magazine, and continue the recognition for gay pornography which was part of the AVN Awards from 1986–1998. The awards went on a hiatus after the 2011 ceremony and returned in 2018.
The award recipients are listed below by the year of the award ceremony. In 1998, the first year of the awards, awards were given for that current year's work. Starting with the awards show held in 2000, the awards were given for the previous year's work. For example, the 8th GAYVN Awards were held Thursday, March 9, 2006; awards were given for the movies that were released in 2005. The awards have been held annually since 2000. The current record-holder for the most wins in one year is Lucas Entertainment's Michael Lucas' La Dolce Vita (2006), which won 14 awards in 2007. The previous record-holder with 11 award wins in 2005 was Buckshot Productions' BuckleRoos.
1998
Winners from the 1998 GayVN Awards held December 4, 1998, at the Westin Bonaventure, Los Angeles, California, as published in Choices: The 1999 AVN Awards Show official program:
[Top]
1999
Starting in 2000, awards would be given for the previous year's achievement. Therefore, the awards recognizing achievement in 1999 would be given at the award ceremony in 2000; there was no award ceremony in 1999.
2000
[Top]
2001
[Top]
2002
[Top]
2003
Host: Taylor Negron
[Top]
2004
[Top]
2005
[Top]
2006
[Top]
2007
Host: Kathy Griffin
[Top]
2008
Host: Derek Hartley & Romaine Patterson
Cohost: Lady Bunny
[Top]
2009
Host: Janice Dickinson & Margaret Cho
Cohost: Alec Mapa
[Top]
2010
Host: Alec Mapa
[Top]
2018
GayVN Awards was held after a hiatus of seven years on January 21, 2018, at Hard Rock Hotel Casino in Las Vegas. It was hosted by Shangela Laquifa Wadley and was held a week before 35th AVN Award at the same location. Awards were presented in 27 categories.
Full list of nominees and winners
[Top]
2019
Awards were presented at The Joint at Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas on January 21, 2019.
2019 GayVN Hall of Fame Inductee
Keith Miller, founder of Helix Studios
Best Actor (Tie)
Wesley Woods, Zack & Jack Make a Porno, Falcon Studios
Diego Sans, Pirates: A Gay XXX Parody, Men.com/Pulse
Best All-Sex Movie
Summer Break 2, BelAmi/Pulse
Best Bi Sex Scene
Lance Hart, Pierce Paris & Dahlia Sky; Wanna Fuck My Wife? Gotta Fuck Me Too 11, Devil's Film
Best Director – Feature
Jake Jaxson, All Saints: Chapter 1, CockyBoys
Best Director – Non-Feature
Chi Chi LaRue & Tony Dimarco; Love & Lust in New Orleans, Falcon Studios
Best Duo Sex Scene
Max Konnor & Armond Rizzo; “Big Black Daddy,” NoirMale.com
Best Feature
All Saints: Chapter 1, CockyBoys
Best Fetish Sex Scene
JJ Knight & Sean Zevran; Tie Me Up! Dick Me Down!, CockyBoys
Best Group Sex Scene
Josh Brady, Corbin Colby, Joey Mills, Cameron Parks, Angel Rivera & Luke Wilder; “Splash,” HelixStudios.com
Best Newcomer
Alam Wernik
Best Parody
Pirates: A Gay XXX Parody, Men.com/Pulse
Best Supporting Actor
Bruce Beckham, The Slutty Professor, NakedSword/Falcon
Best Three-Way Sex Scene
Ace Era, Tyler Roberts & Dave Slick; The Slutty Professor, NakedSword/Falcon
Performer of the Year
Wesley Woods
2020
Awards were presented at The Joint at Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas on January 21, 2020. The show was hosted by Alec Mapa and Nicole Byer, with performances by King Princess and Alyssa Edwards.
2020 GayVN Hall of Fame inductee
Tim Valenti, NakedSword/Falcon Studios CEO
Best Actor
DeAngelo Jackson, Blended Family, Icon Male/Mile High
Best All-Sex Movie
Love and Lust in Montreal, Falcon Studios
Best Bi Sex Scene
Natalie Mars, Ella Nova, Ricky Larkin & Wesley Woods; Free for All, WhyNotBi.com
Best Director – Feature
Jake Jaxson & RJ Sebastian; Le Garçon Scandaleux, CockyBoys/PinkTV;
Best Director – Non-Feature
Steve Cruz; Outta the Park!, Raging Stallion/Falcon
Best Duo Sex Scene
Ashton Summers & Phoenix Fellington, Fellington’s Flip Fuck, HelixStudios.com
Best Feature
Vegas Nights, HelixStudios.com
Best Fetish Sex Scene
Alex Mecum & Michael DelRay; My Brother's Discipline, Kink.com
Best Group Sex Scene
Alam Wernik, Blake Ryder, Jay Dymel, Nic Sahara & Sean Duran; Five Brothers: The Takedown, NakedSword/Falcon
Best Newcomer
Nic Sahara and Alex Riley (tie)
Best Supporting Actor
Dante Colle, At Large, Raging Stallion/Falcon
Best Three-Way Sex Scene
Jack Harrer, Peter Annaud & Marcel Gassion; Offensively Large 4, BelAmi/Pulse
Performer of the Year
Cade Maddox
Fan awards
Favorite Bear
Teddy Torres
Favorite Body
Blake Mitchell
Favorite Bottom
Rourke
Favorite Butt
Beaux Banks
Favorite Cam Guy
Callum and Cole (joint page)
Favorite Cock
Calvin Banks
Favorite Daddy
Rocco Steele
Favorite Dom
Austin Wolf
Favorite FTM Star
Billy Vega
Favorite Top
Zilv Gudel
Favorite Twink
Joey Mills
Hottest Newcomer
Rhyheim Shabazz
Social Media Star
Armond Rizzo
2021
Awards were presented virtually during a live stream at AVNStars.com on January 18, 2021. The show was hosted by Alec Mapa and Sherry Vine.
Best Actor
Angel Rivera, A Murdered Heart, NakedSword
Best All-Sex Movie
Summer Loves, BelAmi
Best Bi Sex Scene
Maya Bijou, Dante Colle & Kaleb Stryker, The Elevator Goes Both Ways, WhyNotBi.com
Best Director – Feature
Jake Jaxson & RJ Sebastian, Hollywood & Vine, CockyBoys
Best Director – Non-Feature
Steve Cruz, Cake Shop, Raging Stallion
Best Duo Sex Scene
Rhyheim Shabazz & Sean Zevran, Big Dicks Going Deep, CockyBoys
Best Feature
A Murdered Heart, NakedSword
Best Fetish Sex Scene
Dirk Caber, Nate Grimes, Jaxx Thanatos & Kurtis Wolfe, Tom of Finland: Leather Bar Initiation, Men.com
Best Group Sex Scene
Riley Finch, Johnny Hands, Jacob Hansen, Garrett Kinsley, Travis Stevens & Ashton Summers, Inside Helix, Helix Studios
Best Newcomer
Brock Banks
Fan Awards
Hottest Newcomer
Seth Peterson
Favorite Twink
Austin L Young
Social Media Star
Joey Mills
Favorite Cam Guy
Max Konnor
Favorite Camming Couple
Jacob and Harley
Favorite Top
Austin Wolf
Favorite bottom
Devin Franco
Favorite FTM Star
Trip Richards
Favorite Dom
Zilv Gudel
Favorite Cock
Cade Maddox
Favorite Butt
Alam Wernik
Favorite Bear
Teddy Torres
Favorite Daddy
Rocco Steele
Favorite Body
Alex Mecum
GayVN Star of the Year
Camran Mac
2022
Awards were presented virtually on January 19, 2022. The show was hosted by Alec Mapa and Jackie Beat.
2022 GayVN Hall of Fame inductee
Howard Andrew, FabScout Entertainment
Performer of the Year
Max Konnor
Best All-Sex Movie
Fuck Me I'm Famous (BelAmi/TLAGay)
Best Bi Sex Scene
Draven Navarro, Joel Someone and Vanessa Vega, My Wife Found Out I'm Bi! (Devil’s Film)
Best Director — Feature
Alex Roman, Return to Helix Academy Parts 1 and 2 (Helix Studios)
Best Director — Non-Feature
Steve Cruz and Leo Forte, Born to Porn (Falcon Studios)
Fan awards
Favorite Camming Couple
Pablo and Sebas
Favorite Cock
Cade Maddox
Hottest Newcomer
Felix Fox
See also
Adult Erotic Gay Video Awards
List of Grabby recipients
List of gay pornography awards
Gay Erotic Video Awards
List of male performers in gay porn films
References
GayVN Awards
Previous GayVN Winners
External links
Official Website
2010 "GayVN Weekend: List of Winners"
Pornographic film awards
Gay pornographic film awards
American pornographic film awards
Awards established in 1998
21st-century awards |
4036173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakenham%2C%20Suffolk | Pakenham, Suffolk | Pakenham is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England. Its name can be linked to Anglo-Saxon roots, Pacca being the founder of a settlement on the hill surrounding Pakenham church. The village describes itself as the "Village of Two Mills", as it has a water mill which claims to be the only working example in the county. The Pakenham windmill no longer works.
The village sits to the east of Bury St. Edmunds and is administered as part of the borough of St Edmundsbury. Prior to the local government reorganisation of 1974 it was part of Thingoe Rural District.
History
Pacca was the founder of a settlement on the hill where Pakenham church now sits, on an area higher than the waters of Pakenham Fen. The discovery of many Anglo-Saxon remains, notably that of a bone-toothed comb in the old school garden (near the church) in the 1950s, testify to the authenticity of the site. The village was therefore named Pacca's Ham, i.e. the home of Pacca.
This name eventually became Pakenham, (pronounced locally with a long "a" sound.) The Anglo-Saxon family name later became "de Pakenham". Pacca's descendants continued to farm here until the Norman Conquest of 1066.
The village has contained several manor houses, such as Pakenham Hall the family seat of the Spring family, but has now been demolished. Nether Hall was the original home of the de Pakenham family, and later seat of the Greene baronets. Newe House was built by Sir Robert Bright before becoming the dower house of the Spring family. Several members of the Spring family are buried in the parish church.
Notable residents
Hamon L'Estrange (1605 – 1660), writer on history, theology and liturgy who is buried at Pakenham.
Joanne Jennings (1969- ), high jumper who competed for Great Britain twice at the Summer Olympics and won silver at the 1998 Commonwealth Games.
Thomas Thornhill (1837-1900), baronet, High Sheriff of Suffolk in 1860, Conservative politician, and Member of Parliament (MP) for the Western division of Suffolk at a by-election in October 1875, and held the seat until the constituency was abolished at the 1885 general election.
Gallery
See also
Pakenham Windmill
References
External links
Village website
Village Hall website
Water mill website
Village website
Villages in Suffolk
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Borough of St Edmundsbury
Thedwastre Hundred |
4036178 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Malcolm%20%28musician%29 | George Malcolm (musician) | George John Malcolm CBE KSG (28 February 191710 October 1997) was an English pianist, organist, composer, harpsichordist, and conductor.
Malcolm's first instrument was the piano, and his first teacher was a nun who recognised his talent and recommended him to the Royal College of Music at the age of seven, where he studied under Kathleen McQuitty FRCM until he was 19. He attended Wimbledon College, and went on to study at Balliol College, Oxford in the 1930s.
During the Second World War he had a musical role with the RAF becoming a bandleader. After the War he completed his musical studies with Herbert Fryer. He bought a harpsichord at auction and went on to develop a career as a harpsichordist. He continued to make occasional appearances as a pianist, for example in Mozart's music for four hands and with the Dennis Brain Wind Ensemble (with whom he made one of his rare recordings as pianist in the first performance of the Gordon Jacob Sextet, written for the group). As a mentor, he also influenced a number of musicians not necessarily associated with the harpsichord such as Andras Schiff.
Harpsichord career
Like Wanda Landowska, he favoured rather large 'revival' harpsichords with pedals, built in a modern style, that now are seen as "unauthentic" for Baroque music. While aspects of his interpretations may seem outdated by the standards of today's "historically informed performance practice", his recordings and live performances introduced many people to the harpsichord.
As well as Baroque works, he played modern harpsichord repertoire. His own composition "Bach before the Mast" (a humorous set of variations on The Sailor's Hornpipe in the style of Johann Sebastian Bach) was written as a B side for a cover version of the Alec Templeton number Bach goes to town which he released in the 1950s. He also wrote "Variations on a Theme of Mozart".
Collaborations with other harpsichordists
In the 1950s he participated in annual concerts featuring four harpsichordists, the three others being Thurston Dart, Denis Vaughan and Eileen Joyce. In 1957 this group also recorded two of Vivaldi's Concertos for Four Harpsichords, one in a Bach arrangement, with the Pro Arte Orchestra under Boris Ord. Malcolm, Dart and Joyce also recorded Bach's Concerto in C for Three Harpsichords. In 1967, he appeared with Eileen Joyce, Geoffrey Parsons and Simon Preston in a four-harpsichord concert with the Academy of St Martin in the Fields under Neville Marriner in the Royal Festival Hall.
Organist and choir-master
He also pursued a notable career as an organist and choir-trainer. After serving as organist-choirmaster of St Mary's Roman Catholic Church in Clapham, he was Master of Music of Westminster Cathedral for 12 years (1947–1959). He developed the choir's forthright, full-throated tone—often, but rather vacuously described as "continental"—which contrasted with that of Anglican choirs at the time. Benjamin Britten praised the choir's 'staggering brilliance and authority', and proposed to write a piece for them. This resulted in the Missa Brevis (1959). Its first performance was one of Malcolm's last services at Westminster Cathedral before he retired on 1 September 1959. He continued to play the organ, recording the Handel organ concertos for example.
Malcolm was founding patron of Spode Music Week, an annual residential music school that places particular emphasis on the music of the Roman Catholic liturgy. Malcolm also composed for voices, a well-known piece being his Palm Sunday introit Ingrediente Domino. His setting of Psalm 51 Miserere mei (composed in 1950, presumed lost but rediscovered in the Cathedral archives in 2011) is reminiscent of Ivor Atkins' 1951 version of Gregorio Allegri's Miserere.
A devout Roman Catholic, Malcolm was awarded papal honours for his services as Master of Music at Westminster Cathedral.
Conducting
Benjamin Britten engaged Malcolm in 1960 to conduct the second and third performances of A Midsummer Night’s Dream.
In later life Malcolm developed a career as a conductor, forging long-standing relationships with ensembles such as the English Chamber Orchestra and the Northern Sinfonia orchestra. The pianist András Schiff, who left Hungary to study with Malcolm, was a frequent concerto soloist under his baton, and the two recorded Mozart's complete works for piano duet together on the composer's own piano.
Burial and legacy
Malcolm was born and died in London. He is interred in the graveyard at St Nicholas Church, Saintbury, Gloucestershire.
Malcolm's centenary was marked by Balliol College in 2017.
Discography
In 1967, he recorded The Complete Harpsichord Works of Rameau (Argo Record Co, London).
See also
Millicent Silver
Notes
External links
Interview from The Harpsichord Magazine
Biography from the website of Ian Partridge
George Malcolm official website
1917 births
1997 deaths
English classical organists
British male organists
English classical pianists
Male classical pianists
English harpsichordists
English Roman Catholics
English people of Scottish descent
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Alumni of the Royal College of Music
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
Cathedral organists
20th-century classical pianists
20th-century classical musicians
20th-century English musicians
People educated at Wimbledon College
20th-century organists
20th-century British male musicians |
4036180 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fejervarya | Fejervarya | Fejervarya is a genera of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae found in Asia. First proposed in 1915 by István József Bolkay, a Hungarian naturalist, the genus did not see widespread adoption at first. As late as the 1990s it was generally included in Rana, but more recent studies have confirmed its distinctness.
These frogs are remarkable for being extremely euryhaline by amphibian standards. Species such as the crab-eating frog (F. cancrivora) can thrive in brackish water, and its tadpoles can even survive in pure seawater.
Systematics and taxonomy
Fejervarya was first introduced as subgenus of Rana and later placed as subgenus as Limnonectes. It was treated as an independent genus first in 1998. However, Fejervarya sensu lato was found to be paraphyletic with respect to Sphaerotheca. This issue was eventually resolved in 2011 by splitting off Zakerana from Fejervarya. Fejervarya, as now defined, is distributed from eastern India (Orissa) eastwards through Myanmar to southern China and Indochina to the islands of the Sunda Shelf as well as Japan. In contrast, Zakerana contains species from southern Asia (Sri Lanka and Indian subcontinent including Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh).
The widespread Cricket Frog (F. limnocharis) and some others have also been suspected to be cryptic species complexes since at least the 1970s, and indeed a few populations have been identified that almost certainly constitute undescribed species.
Species
The following 13 species are recognised in the genus Fejerverya:
Fejervarya cancrivora (Gravenhorst, 1829)
Fejervarya iskandari Veith, Kosuch, Ohler, and Dubois, 2001
Fejervarya kawamurai Djong, Matsui, Kuramoto, Nishioka, and Sumida, 2011
Fejervarya kupitzi Köhler et al., 2019
Fejervarya limnocharis (Gravenhorst, 1829)
Fejervarya moodiei (Taylor, 1920)
Fejervarya multistriata (Hallowell, 1861)
Fejervarya orissaensis (Dutta, 1997)
Fejervarya pulla (Stoliczka, 1870)
Fejervarya sakishimensis Matsui, Toda, and Ota, 2008
Fejervarya triora Stuart, Chuaynkern, Chan-ard, and Inger, 2006
Fejervarya verruculosa (Roux, 1911)
Fejervarya vittigera (Wiegmann, 1834)
Phylogeny
The following phylogeny of Fejervarya is from Pyron & Wiens (2011). 7 species are included. Fejervarya is a sister group of Zakerana, which had until recently been included in Fejervarya.
Vocalisation behaviour
References
External links
Dicroglossidae
Amphibians of Asia
Amphibian genera |
4036185 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solitaire%20%28James%20Bond%29 | Solitaire (James Bond) | Solitaire is a fictional character in the James Bond novel and film Live and Let Die. In the film, she was portrayed by Jane Seymour.
Novel biography
In a relative rarity for the James Bond franchise, there is little difference between the film and novel in the treatment of Solitaire's basic character and role. The novel reveals that her real name is Simone Latrelle, that she is of French stock, and she was born in Haiti; the name "Solitaire" (an near-oronym of her real name) is given to her by the Haitians because of her apparent exclusion of men from her life. The only physical difference appears to be that Solitaire is stated to have blue-black hair; she also possesses pale skin reminiscent of the tropical planter class. When Bond meets her she is twenty-five years old and described as "one of the most beautiful women Bond had ever seen." On a later occasion Bond describes her as looking "rather French and very beautiful." At their first meeting, in the presence of Mr. Big, she comes across as superior, cold, and disdainful, an attitude reflected by her face, which Bond finds beautiful partly because of its lack of compromise and its hint of both cruelty and command. Once Solitaire has escaped from Mr. Big, she immediately becomes warm, open, and passionate towards Bond. Despite her obvious Gallic-Haitian heritage, there is no mention of her having any French accent.
Solitaire was initiated into some of the practices of Voodoo while still a child in Haiti. Either naturally or through this initiation, she has an extrasensory ability both to foretell the future and to judge the veracity of others, even if they converse in a language that she does not speak. These gifts instilled great fear of her among those who know her. Mr. Big discovered her doing a mind-reading act in a Haitian cabaret and, recognizing the value of her abilities, took her into his employ, using her in his espionage operations and planning for her eventually to have his children. Solitaire becomes, more or less, his hostage, with little or no autonomy, and when he uses her to interrogate Bond, her mental abilities immediately tell her that he is the one who will rescue her. She thus covers for Bond by lying to Mr. Big, telling him that Bond is not out to get the gangster. She later escapes from Mr. Big and accompanies Bond on his assignment, though the gangster locates and kidnaps her, ultimately attempting, unsuccessfully, to kill both her and Bond by towing them over a Jamaican reef (a scenario adapted for the film version of For Your Eyes Only). The effort fails when Mr. Big's boat is destroyed by a mine Bond had earlier planted. The novel ends with Solitaire preparing to accompany Bond on his post-assignment recuperative leave.
Unlike in the film, there is no evidence that Solitaire would lose her psychic powers after sexual congress, an eventuality that does not appear due to a broken finger Bond sustains and his need to stay vigilant during their only night together. As is the case in the film, she is apparently a virgin, and she gives every sign of wishing to have a sexual relationship with Bond, going so far as to initiate their first physical contact and later teasing him with her nudity. While the culmination never comes to pass in the novel, the indications are that it will happen during their shared vacation as the story concludes. Unusually for one of Fleming's heroines, what becomes of Solitaire after Live and Let Die is never explained; in Dr. No, when returning to Jamaica, Bond finds himself wondering about her whereabouts.
Film biography
Solitaire is a psychic in the employ of Dr. Kananga. As Bond travels to New York by plane, Solitaire describes his journey to Dr. Kananga through the use of Tarot cards. The one drawback to her ability is that she must remain a virgin in order to preserve it.
After Bond follows Kananga to the Fillet of Soul restaurant, he meets Solitaire. After a rather brief encounter with Mr. Big, Bond asks Solitaire about his future. When instructed to pick up a card Bond quizzically comments "us?” after picking up The Lovers card.
When Bond and Rosie Carver visit San Monique, Solitaire tells Kananga the future, once more picking The Lovers card in regard to Bond, but for the first time she lies to him about what she sees, saying that it is the Death card. When her false reading proves to be inaccurate, she incurs Kananga's anger. He points out that her mother had had the gift too, but lost it and so became useless to him (Presumably by losing her virginity and perhaps resulting in Solitaire's birth). Later that evening Bond returns to the island. After convincing Solitaire they are meant to be lovers, by the use of a Tarot deck secretly composed of only The Lover cards, Bond succeeds in seducing her. After losing her virginity to Bond, Solitaire loses her psychic power, which endangers her life. Bond discovers Kananga is hiding vast areas of opium poppy fields. Bond and Solitaire evade Kananga's men, escaping in Quarrel Jr.'s boat.
After arriving in New Orleans, Bond and Solitaire are captured and taken to Mr Big. Before Bond can be given his skydiving lesson without a parachute, he manages to escape. Solitaire is recaptured by Kananga's henchmen and taken back to him.
Later, Felix Leiter informs Bond that after a raid on the Fillet of Soul, Kananga has taken Solitaire back to San Monique, leaving three Tarot cards: The High Priestess, The Moon, and Death. After travelling to San Monique, Bond rescues Solitaire and kills Kananga while Quarrel Jr. destroys the opium poppy fields.
Analysis
Screenwriter Tom Mankiewicz has stated that although Solitaire is a white person in the novel, he initially wrote her as black, with Diana Ross in mind. United Artists president David Picker objected, however, on the basis that there were several countries where the film could not be released if there were relations between Bond and Solitaire. According to Ian Kinane, even though Solitaire is French Haitian in the book,
The casting of British actress Jane Seymour as Solitaire eradicates from the narrative those concerns regarding the character's cultural hybridity... thus marking her realignment by Bond in politico-ideological and not racial terms. While Solitaire's religious and spiritual practices are discernibly non-Western (and therefore threatening to the ordered rigidity of British Christendom), Seymour's whiteness does much to mitigate such fears in the viewers' eyes: her whiteness aligns Solitaire's powers of the obeah less with Black primitivism and more with a sublimated Christian religiosity.
Joyce Goggin argues that Solitaire is at the center of the film: "many of the remarkable and strange features that contribute to the uniqueness of both novel and film are related precisely to voodoo, superstition and the Tarot, here given an added frisson through a highly eroticised medium in the person of Solitaire." Goggin also suggests that Solitaire "functions as very liquid panoply of stereotypical markers of Otherness and sexuality."
Patrick Maille notes that Solitaire is naïve about sexuality and compares her to a damsel in distress. Monica Germanà draws on Linda Welter's study of European/Anatolian folkloric dress to connect Solitaire's dress with the preoccupation the film has with her virginity:
The emphasis on Solitaire's chastity is conveyed, to begin with, by the high neckline of her first appearance in ethnic dress, and the colour red, which, with its associations with blood, and, in turn, menstruation and childbirth, is simultaneously used to foreshadow a bride's loss of virginity and future fertility in ethnic bridal gowns. Later, in St Monique, the bridal motif is pursued through a more revealing red dress, elaborate headdress, and a green cape studded with red stones; since Solitaire is about to lose her virginity to Bond, her neckline has dropped. Back in New York, the neckline plunges down to a butterfly appliqué stitched on the high waist of the red and gold dress she wears on her last tarot reading session.
Britni Dutz sees the initial shots of Solitaire as an example of scopophilia, illustrating Laura Mulvey's "gaze theory":
In the fleeting introductory shots of Solitaire, she is introduced to the viewer not as a character, but a “girl,” a silent doll who is dressing up... These shots establish Solitaire as an example of Mulvey's object of the gaze, as an object for pleasurable looking.
References
Fictional fortune tellers
Fictional Haitian people
Live and Let Die (film)
Fictional characters introduced in 1954
Bond girls |
4036186 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FASTOPEN | FASTOPEN | In computing, FASTOPEN is a DOS TSR command, introduced in MS-DOS version 3.3, that provides accelerated access to frequently-used files and directories. The command is also available in SISNE plus.
Overview
The command works with hard disks, but not with diskettes (probably for security when swapping) or with network drives (probably because such drives do not offer block-level access, only file-level access).
It is possible to specify for which drives should operate, how many files and directories should be cached on each (10 by default, up to 999 total), how many regions for each drive should be cached and whether the cache should be located in conventional or expanded memory.
If a disk defragmenter tool is used, or if Windows Explorer is to move files or directories, while is installed, it is necessary to reboot the computer afterwards, because would remember the old position of files and directories, causing MS-DOS to display garbage if e.g. "DIR" was performed.
DR DOS 6.0 includes an implementation of the command. is also part of the Windows XP MS-DOS subsystem to maintain MS-DOS and MS OS/2 version 1.x compatibility. It is not available on Windows XP 64-Bit Edition.
The "fastopen" name has since been reused for various other "accelerating" software products.
See also
FASTOPEN (CONFIG.SYS directive)
SmartDrive
List of DOS commands
References
Further reading
External DOS commands |
4036188 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hildebrandtia%20%28frog%29 | Hildebrandtia (frog) | Hildebrandtia is a genus of frogs in the family Ptychadenidae. They are distributed in tropical and subtropical Sub-Saharan Africa. The common name of this genus is Hildebrandt's burrowing frogs or ornate frogs. The genus name honours Johann Maria Hildebrandt, a German botanist and explorer.
Description and ecology
Hildebrandtia are medium-sized to large frogs with stocky bodies. They use their large inner metatarsal tubercles for digging. They live in dry to very dry savanna habitats and stay hidden in their burrows most of the year. Reproduction takes place in temporary ponds and puddles at the beginning of the rainy season. The tadpoles are robust-bodied with a muscular tail and low tail fin. They have strong jaws and are carnivorous.
Species
There are three species in this genus:
Hildebrandtia macrotympanum (Boulenger, 1912)
Hildebrandtia ornata (Peters, 1878)
Hildebrandtia ornatissima (Bocage, 1879)
References
Ptychadenidae
Amphibian genera
Amphibians of Sub-Saharan Africa
Taxa named by Fritz Nieden |
4036195 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundbybergs%20centrum%20metro%20station | Sundbybergs centrum metro station | Sundbybergs centrum (Sundbyberg Centre) is a metro station, located in Sundbyberg Municipality, approximately from the centre of Stockholm. It opened on 19 August 1985 as part of the extension to between Västra skogen and Rinkeby. The metro station is connected to a stop on Tvärbanan with the same name, as well as to the railway station Sundbyberg served by the Stockholm commuter rail and long-distance trains.
Gallery
References
External links
Images of Sundbybergs centrum
Stockholm metro stations
Railway stations opened in 1985
1985 establishments in Sweden |
4036209 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solna%20centrum%20metro%20station | Solna centrum metro station | Solna centrum is a shopping mall and metro station in Solna Municipality, approximately from central Stockholm, Sweden. It is close to the Friends Arena and opened on 31 August 1975 as part the first stretch of the Blue Line between T-Centralen and Hjulsta. The mall contains around 120 stores and restaurants, 40 offices and 214 apartments.
References
External links
Images of Solna Centrum
http://www.solnacentrum.se/
Stockholm metro stations
Stockholm urban area
Railway stations opened in 1975
1975 establishments in Sweden |
4036226 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaizad%20Gustad | Kaizad Gustad | Kaizad Gustad (born 1968) is an Indian film director and author based in Mumbai, India. He is best known for his 1998 comedy Bombay Boys. In his career as an author, he has written three books, Of No Fixed Address published in 1998 by HarperCollins, The Road to Mandalay and 7 Storeys.
Early life
Gustad was born in Bombay (now Mumbai) into a wealthy Parsi family. He has an older brother and a younger sister. He grew up on a farm in the outskirts of Wadi, a town in the Kalaburagi district of Karnataka, where his father and grandfather owned cinema theaters and a stone quarrying business. He first attended the Cathedral and John Connon School in Bombay and then studied at St. Paul's School, Darjeeling. At the age of sixteen, he moved along with his family to Sydney, Australia. He later attended New York University's Tisch School of the Arts to study film.
At the age of 18, Gustad left home and started traveling to different parts of the world. He kept a diary on his travels and called it "Of No Fixed Address," in reference to the fact that he had no fixed address for three years. He used this diary as the basis for his book of short stories entitled Of No Fixed Address, which was published in 1998.
Filmography
Bombay Boys
At 28, Gustad wrote and directed his debut feature film Bombay Boys. It starred Naseeruddin Shah, Naveen Andrews and Tara Deshpande among others. It was a break out commercial and critical cult success, paving the way for independent cinema in India. It also travelled to several film festivals worldwide and premiered at the Toronto Film Festival in 1998, followed by the Vancouver and London Film Festivals. The film was nominated for best film at Verzaubert, Berlin.
Boom
Gustad's next film as writer and director was Boom, which had an ensemble cast like Amitabh Bachchan, Zeenat Aman, Jackie Shroff, Gulshan Grover, with the debut of supermodels Padma Lakshmi, Madhu Sapre and Katrina Kaif. It was released worldwide.
Later films
Gustad's third film, Bombil and Beatrice, was a British arthouse film made in English, and his fourth and latest offering was Jackpot, a film set in a casino in Goa, starring Sunny Leone and Naseeruddin Shah. The premiere of Jackpot was held at PVR Cinemas in Juhu, Mumbai, and was attended by Shah Rukh Khan. It was released worldwide.
Incidents
In May 2010, Gustad was found guilty of negligence leading to the death of Nadia Khan, an assistant producer working on the set of his film Mumbai Central. Khan was struck by a train near Mumbai's Mahalaxmi station during shooting in May 2004.
Personal life
Gustad dated Miss World Diana Hayden in 1998, during the release of Bombay Boys. In January 2004, he married Alexandra Ritt, an American woman. He has two sons, Zahaan and Zakary.
References
External links
Kaizad Gustad at Kinopoisk
Film directors from Mumbai
Parsi people from Mumbai
1968 births
Living people
St. Paul's School, Darjeeling alumni
Tisch School of the Arts alumni
20th-century Indian film directors |
4036248 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duvbo | Duvbo | Duvbo is an upper-middle-class residential area in Sundbyberg in suburban Stockholm, Sweden. In 2019 it had 2217 inhabitants.
The Duvbo metro station is located in central Sundbyberg, just outside (300m) Duvbo and is part of the Stockholm Metro. It was inaugurated on August 19, 1985.
In 1899 the property Dufvebol, then in Spånga municipality, was sold to a suburb development company, which split the land and built roads, naming it Dufbo egna-hems-koloni (Duvbo own home community). After 5 years the suburb was nearly complete, housing 1200 residents. From 1900 trains stopped at the nearby (400m) station Sundbyberg Norra (named so because it was in the north-west of the adjacent suburb Sundbyberg) was opened, until 1963. In 1902 Duvbo became a municipalsamhälle (submunicipality), until 1949 when it transferred into Sundbyberg municipality. An epidemics hospital was built in 1925 on the Ekbacken slope on the south side of Duvbo, an was torn down in the 1960s, replaced by the hospital Sundbybergs sjukhus. Today Ekbacken is instead an elderly care home, next to a few tall residential buildings.
References
Stockholm urban area |
4036250 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp%20Kohlschreiber | Philipp Kohlschreiber | Philipp Eberhard Hermann Kohlschreiber (; born 16 October 1983) is a German former professional tennis player. The right-hander won eight singles and seven doubles titles on the ATP World Tour and made the quarterfinals at the 2012 Wimbledon Championships. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 16 in July 2012.
Personal life
Kohlschreiber married his long-term girlfriend Lena Alberti on 1 August 2018 in Kitzbühel, Austria.
Career
2007: First ATP career title
In 2007, Kohlschreiber achieved his greatest result at an ATP Masters Series event during the Monte-Carlo Masters, when he reached the quarterfinals after going through qualifying, defeating world No. 12 David Nalbandian in the second round. He won his first career title in Munich defeating Mikhail Youzhny, thereby becoming the first German player to win the event since Michael Stich in 1994.
2008: Four top-ten victories
Kohlschreiber started 2008 by reaching the quarterfinals of the tournament in Doha and winning his second career title in Auckland, where he defeated Juan Carlos Ferrero in the final.
After his win in Auckland, he defeated world No. 6, Andy Roddick, in the third round of the Australian Open 6–4, 3–6, 7–6, 6–7, 8–6. Kohlschreiber hit a personal record 32 aces and 104 winners. He eventually lost in the fourth round to Jarkko Nieminen 6–3, 6–7, 6–7, 3–6. Kohlschreiber failed to convert 11 set points in the second (7) and third (4) sets.
He reached the final of the Gerry Weber Open in Halle, Germany, eventually falling to the four-time champion Roger Federer 3–6, 4–6. At the US Open, he had to retire in the match against Viktor Troicki.
2009: 4th round at the French Open
Kohlschreiber started 2009 by reaching the quarterfinals in Doha and Auckland. The German reached the second round at the Australian Open where he defeated Sam Querrey, before losing to Fabrice Santoro in five sets. In the BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells, Kohlschreiber beat Nicolás Lapentti 6–2, 3–6, 6–3 before being defeated by Fernando Verdasco in the fourth round. Also in 2009, during the French Open, Kohlschreiber defeated world No. 4, Novak Djokovic, in a 6–4, 6–4, 6–4 upset.
In the third round of Wimbledon, he was defeated by Roger Federer 6–3, 6–2, 6–7, 6–1. He was the only person other than finalist Andy Roddick to take a set off of Federer, the eventual champion.
2010: Quarterfinals in Monte Carlo and Canada Masters
Kohlschreiber started the season in Auckland well with three straight sets wins, including wins over Thomaz Bellucci and Frenchman Marc Gicquel before running into eventual finalist Arnaud Clément, losing in straight sets in the semifinals. Kohlschreiber progressed to the third round of the Australian Open with wins over Horacio Zeballos and Wayne Odesnik. He gave second seed Rafael Nadal a test in the third round, before losing 4–6, 2–6, 6–2, 5–7.
He returned to action in San Jose seeing off local boy Rajeev Ram in three sets and crushing Dudi Sela, only losing two games. He then ran into the in-form Denis Istomin and lost in three topsy sets, sparking a three-match losing streak. He crashed out of Memphis to Evgeny Korolev in two tight sets, followed by an easy three set lost to Gaël Monfils in the Davis Cup.
Kohlschreiber got back to winning ways at the BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells as he had a bye then beat fellow German Philipp Petzschner in straight sets. He then lost a final set tie-breaker in round 3 to world No. 2, Djokovic. At the Sony Ericsson Open Kohlschreiber received another bye and took on fellow German Florian Mayer and it was about to go into a first set tie breaker before Florian retired with an injury. Again he went out in the third round this time to Jo-Wilfried Tsonga in straight sets.
To start his clay-court season, Kohlschreiber went to the Monte-Carlo Masters where he caused a couple of upsets. In the first round, he edged out Bellucci in a final set tie-break before he thumped the world No. 4, Andy Murray, for the loss of just three games. He then took on Petzschner, again and again, won in straight sets, to reach the quarterfinals. Where he played David Ferrer and was edged out in two tight sets.
At Wimbledon, Kohlschreiber defeated Potito Starace and Teymuraz Gabashvili, before losing to Andy Roddick in the third round.
At Hamburg, he lost to Thomaz Bellucci in the third round. In September, he hired Murray's former coach Miles Maclagan.
2011: Grand Slam struggles
Kohlschreiber began his year at the Qatar Open where he was the eighth seed. He won his first match against Andreas Seppi 6–2, 6–4 but then lost to Ivo Karlović in a tight match 7–6, 6–7, 7–6. He then went to the Heineken Open in Auckland where he won against Carlos Berlocq 2–6, 6–3, 6–1, and 6–4, 3–6, 6–2 against Marcel Granollers before falling to the top seed David Ferrer, 3–6, 7–6, 3–6, in the quarterfinals.
In February, Kohlschreiber attended the ABN AMRO tournament in Rotterdam. In the first round, he faced Lu Yen-hsun of Taiwan whom he defeated 6–4, 7–6. In the second round, he put up a brave showing against top seed and world No. 4, Robin Söderling, but lost 6–3, 5–7, 7–6.
In the first round of the Davis Cup tie against Croatia, Kohlschreiber saved one match point in the second rubber against Ivan Dodig to win in five sets and to draw the score after day one. In the fourth rubber, Marin Čilić was too strong for Kohlschreiber – he was defeated in straight sets to give the tie a 2–2. In the deciding fifth rubber Philipp Petzschner managed to lead Germany to a 3–2 win. After a first round bye in Indian Wells, Kohlschreiber defeated Tim Smyczek in Round two saving 3 MP before beating world No. 4, Robin Söderling, 7–6, 6–4, saving five set points in the opening set tie-break. In round 4, he lost to Juan Martín del Potro, 6–7, 6–7. Kohlschreiber was defeated by Federer in the second round of the Monte-Carlo Masters after beating Andrey Golubev in round 1.
He captured his third career title at the Gerry Weber Open in Halle defeating Philipp Petzschner in the final. On the way to the title, he overcame Cedrik-Marcel Stebe, Alexandr Dolgopolov, Lleyton Hewitt and Gaël Monfils.
2012: Quarterfinals at Wimbledon
At the Australian Open he lost in the fourth round to Juan Martín del Potro. Kohlschreiber reached the semifinals of Gerry Weber Open, defeating Rafael Nadal in the quarterfinals, 6–3, 6–4. He lost in the semifinals to Tommy Haas, 6–7, 5–7.
Less than two weeks following his defeat of Nadal, Kohlschreiber beat Tommy Haas, Malek Jaziri and then Lukáš Rosol in straight sets 6–2, 6–3, 7–6 in the third round of Wimbledon Championships. Rosol had defeated Nadal in the previous round of in one of the greatest upsets in Grand Slam history. Kohlschreiber then advanced to the quarterfinals of a major for the first time by defeating Brian Baker, but was thwarted by Jo-Wilfried Tsonga 7–6, 4–6, 7–6, 6–2. At the US Open, he lost in the fourth round to Janko Tipsarević.
2013: 4th round at the French Open and US Open
At the Australian Open, he lost in the third round to Milos Raonic. He made it to the fourth round of the French Open before losing to world number one, Novak Djokovic. At Wimbledon, he had to retire in his first-round match against Ivan Dodig. At the US Open, he lost in the fourth round to eventual champion Rafael Nadal.
2014: Davis Cup quarterfinals
At the 2014 Rotterdam Open, Kohlschreiber defeated Richard Gasquet to reach quarterfinals, where he lost to Igor Sijsling. At Dubai, he won over Andreas Seppi in the second round and was defeated by Tomáš Berdych in the semifinals.
Kohlschreiber won the Düsseldorf Open, then the following week reached the third round of the French Open where he took reigning Wimbledon champion Andy Murray to five sets.
At Hamburg, he reached the semifinals winning over Gilles Simon and Lukáš Rosol. At the US Open, he defeated John Isner in the third round and lost to Djokovic in the round of 16.
2015: Title in Kitzbühel
Kohlschreiber defeated Paul-Henri Mathieu in the first round of the Australian Open in straight sets for his first win of the season, before bowing out to Bernard Tomic in a tightly contested four-set match, 7–6, 4–6, 6–7, 6–7. He was very dominant against Japanese Go Soeda to begin the French Open, losing only three games, but could not get past Pablo Andújar despite winning sets three and four. He fell to Djokovic with a score of 4–6, 4–6, 4–6 in the first round of Wimbledon. Kohlschreiber then took part in Kitzbühel, defeating two top-30 players in Fabio Fognini and Dominic Thiem in the quarter- and semifinals, respectively. He then defeated Paul-Henri Mathieu to win the tournament. The US Open saw his best grand slam performance of the year, defeating countryman Alexander Zverev in five sets, and then taking down Lukas Rosol with a score of 7–6, 6–2, 6–2. Federer took down Kohlschreiber in straights in the third round, however.
2016: Munich champion, Stuttgart runner-up, poor Grand Slam results
Kohlschreiber began 2016 ranked 34th in the world and had a season high rank of 22. He lost in the first round of the Australian Open to Kei Nishikori in straight sets. He played in the Sofia Open and lost to Victor Troicki in the quarterfinals. His next tournament was the Rotterdam Open where Kohlschreiber beat former US Open champion Marin Cilic in the quarterfinals. He then lost in the next round. Following the Rotterdam semifinals, Kohlschreiber made the quarterfinals of Dubai where he lost to Stan Wawrinka. Kohlschreiber then represented Germany in their Davis Cup team against the Czech Republic where he beat both Lukáš Rosol and Tomáš Berdych.
Kohlschreiber reached the round of 32 at both the Indian Wells Masters and the Monte-Carlo Masters where he lost to Djokovic and Wawrinka, respectively. He reached the semifinals in Barcelona before winning the Munich Open with wins against Mayer, del Potro, Fognini and Dominic Thiem in the final. He lost early at both Madrid Masters and the Rome Masters before a first-round loss at the French Open to Nicolás Almagro.
2017: 400th win, best Grand Slam fourth round result since 2014
Kohlschreiber started 2017 ranked No. 32. At the Australian Open, he won against Nikoloz Basilashvili and Donald Young, but lost in round 3 to Gael Monfils.
In February, Kohlschreiber played in the Dubai Tennis Championships where he beat eighth seed Gilles Muller in straight sets. In the quarterfinals, Kohlschreiber who was aiming to win his 400th match on tour lost in three tight sets to eventual champion and world No. 1, Andy Murray. Kohlschreiber won the first set 7–6, and in the second set tiebreaker lost 18–20. In that tiebreaker, Kohlschreiber had seven match points. Murray saved all seven, won the tiebreaker and the deciding set 6–1.
Kohlschreiber finally won his 400th match at the BNP Paribas Open against Alexandr Dolgopolov. He subsequently lost his next match to eventual finalist Stan Wawrinka. Later that month at the Miami Open, as the 26th seed, Kohlschreiber won his second-round match in three sets against young American Taylor Fritz. In the third round, despite winning the first set 6–0, Kohlschreiber lost to 15 time Grand Slam champion Rafael Nadal. In August, Kohlschreiber won his second title at Kitzbuhel.
Originally for the US Open, Kohlschreiber was to be unseeded; however, the last-minute withdrawal of Andy Murray saw a draw reshuffle with Kohlschreiber becoming the 33rd seed. Kohlschreiber reached the round of 16 where he lost to Roger Federer, world No. 3, in straight sets. Kohlschreiber did not drop a set in reaching the round of 16.
2018: Masters 1000 - singles quarterfinal since 2010, first doubles semifinal; fifth US Open fourth round
2019–2021: 2019 year-end loss of form; continued struggles in 2020; out of top 100 in 2021
Kohlschreiber won his first match against a current world No. 1 at the 2019 Indian Wells Masters, where he beat Novak Djokovic in the third round in straight sets. He lost in the next round against Gaël Monfils.
After an extended period of playing on the Challenger tour, winning the 2020 Canberra Challenger, he struggled with form and was not able to pass the first round in multiple Grand Slams, except for the 2020 Australian Open where he withdrew in the second round, Kohlschreiber found his form at the 2021 French Open using his protected ranking where he reached the third round of this major for the first time in seven years, since 2014. He defeated Fernando Verdasco and 24th seed Aslan Karatsev before falling to 10th seed and 2020 French Open semifinalist Diego Schwartzman.
He lost in the first round at the 2021 Wimbledon Championships to Denis Shapovalov, where he also used his protected ranking, after a hard-fought five setter lasting more than hours.
At the 2021 US Open Kohlschreiber reached the second round, using his protected ranking once more, after Marin Cilic retired in the first round in the fifth set. It was Cilic's first retirement in more than 800 matches on the tour.
2022: 68th Grand Slam appearance, out of top 200, retirement
He competed in his 68th Grand Slam at the Australian Open and reached the second round.
Unable to defend his third round showing at Rolland Garros from the year before, and despite qualifying at Indian Wells earlier in the season, he fell out of the top 150 on 6 June 2022. On 20 June, after winning the first round of the Wimbledon qualifying, he announced his retirement from professional tennis after that tournament. He played his last match on the ATP Tour two days later, losing to Mikhail Kukushkin in the next round. As of 27 June 2022, he is in 4th place on the list of Grand Slam appearances overall with 68 tied with Novak Djokovic.
Performance timelines
Singles
Kohlschreiber's second-round match at the 2013 French Open was a walkover (so doesn't count as a win).
Kohlschreiber withdrew before the second round match at the 2020 Australian Open due to an injury (so doesn't count as a loss).
Doubles
ATP career finals
Singles: 18 (8 titles, 10 runner-ups)
Doubles: 10 (7 titles, 3 runner-ups)
Team competition: 2 (1 title, 1 runner-up)
ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals
Singles: 10 (5–5)
Doubles: 1 (1–0)
Playing style
Kohlschreiber is an all-court player with an emphasis on baseline play. He has strong groundstrokes on both wings which are equally as solid and is often able to wrong-foot opponents due to his quick follow-through, forcing them to commit early. His forehand is his primary weapon, and he is known to hit inside-out forehands to draw opponents out, while his single-handed backhand is considered one of the best on the tour currently. It is known for its consistency, power, and his ability to hit it in a variety of ways, namely flat, with top-spin and slice. Generally playing from the baseline, Kohlschreiber constructs points and uses a sudden injection of pace or a drop-shot to draw opponents out of their comfort zone and dominate the point from there.
Complementing his strong baseline play, as an all-court player, Kohlschreiber is also a proficient volleyer and uses variety to construct points. He is known to employ drop-shots mid-rally to catch opponents off-guard, especially on the backhand side. He occasionally uses a chip-and-charge tactic as well, especially on grass. It is due to the variety of shots he has that has led him to be successful on all surfaces, as can be seen by the fact that he has reached at least the fourth round of all Grand Slam tournaments and won titles on all surfaces (although he has won the most titles on clay).
Wins over top 10 players
He has a record against players who were, at the time the match was played, ranked in the top 10.
Record against top 10 players
Kohlschreiber's ATP-only record against players who have been ranked world No. 10 or higher.
''Statistics correct .
German tournaments
References
External links
1983 births
Living people
German male tennis players
Olympic tennis players of Germany
Tennis players at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Tennis players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Hopman Cup competitors
Sportspeople from Augsburg
German expatriates in Austria
Tennis people from Bavaria |
4036271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno%20Kernen%20%28born%201961%29 | Bruno Kernen (born 1961) | Bruno Kernen (born 25 March 1961) is a former Swiss World Cup alpine ski racer, winner of the Kitzbühel downhill race in January 1983.
Born in Schönried, Bern, he currently runs a hotel in his hometown with his family.
References
External links
Bruno Kernen's Hotel Bahnhof Homepage
Swiss male alpine skiers
1961 births
Living people
Sportspeople from the canton of Bern |
4036278 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No%20Trams%20to%20Lime%20Street | No Trams to Lime Street | No Trams to Lime Street is a 1959 British television play, written by the Welsh playwright Alun Owen for the Armchair Theatre anthology series. Produced by ABC Weekend TV for transmission on the ITV network, the play was broadcast on 18 October 1959. The original version no longer exists.
Set in the northern English city of Liverpool, where Owen had grown up from the age of eight, the play starred Alfred Lynch, Billie Whitelaw, Jack Hedley and Tom Bell. It was directed and produced by two Canadians—Ted Kotcheff and Sydney Newman respectively. Newman was at the time the Head of Drama at ABC. The storyline concerns three sailors on shore leave in Liverpool.
The play was a factor in Owen later being hired to write the script for The Beatles' first feature film, A Hard Day's Night (1964), as they had been impressed with his depiction of their home city in the production. For his work on that film, Owen was nominated for an Academy Award in 1965.
In 1965, No Trams to Lime Street was remade by the BBC, as part of their Theatre 625 anthology strand, screened on the new BBC2 channel. It was presented as the middle episode in a trilogy of loosely connected Owen plays, broadcast on 21 March 1965, being preceded by Progress to the Park on 14 March and followed by A Little Winter Love on 28 March. The second version, which starred Mike Pratt, Tom Bell and Anthony Hall, is also lost.
The play was remade for television a second time, again by the BBC, in 1970, for the Wednesday Play strand. Transmitted on 18 March 1970, this time on BBC1 this version was directed by Piers Haggard starred Rosemary Nicols, Glyn Owen, Anthony May, Eilian Wyn and Paul Greenwood; and included songs and music by Marty Wilde and Ronnie Scott (not the famous jazz saxophonist and club owner). This version survives as a black and white telerecording, although it was made in colour.
References
Vahimagi, Tise. Owen, Alun (1925–1994). British Film Institute Screenonline. URL accessed 11 February 2006.
TV Cream – Play for Today guide''. URL accessed 11 February 2006.
External links
1959 television plays
1970 television plays
ITV television dramas
Lost BBC episodes
Lost television episodes
Television shows produced by ABC Weekend TV
Armchair Theatre |
4036285 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando%20Vicente | Fernando Vicente | Fernando Vicente Fibla (; born 8 March 1977) is a professional tennis coach and a former player from Spain, who turned professional in 1996. He reached his career-high ATP ranking of world No. 29 in June 2000, winning three singles titles and reaching the quarterfinals of the 1998 Rome Masters and the 2000 Cincinnati Masters.
As of 2018, he is coaching Andrey Rublev and from 2010 to 2014 he worked with Marcel Granollers and Marc López.
Career finals
Singles: 6 (3–3)
Doubles: 6 (2–4)
Notes
References
External links
Vicente World Ranking History
1977 births
Living people
People from Baix Maestrat
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Andorra
Spanish male tennis players
Sportspeople from the Valencian Community
Tennis players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Tennis players from the Valencian Community
Spanish tennis coaches
Mediterranean Games bronze medalists for Spain
Mediterranean Games medalists in tennis
Competitors at the 1997 Mediterranean Games
Olympic tennis players of Spain |
4036289 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmannia%20lanceolata | Tasmannia lanceolata | Tasmannia lanceolata (syn. Drimys lanceolata), commonly known as Tasmanian pepperberry or mountain pepper, is a shrub native to woodlands and cool temperate rainforest of south-eastern Australia. The shrub varies from 2 to 10 m high. The aromatic leaves are lanceolate to narrow-elliptic or oblanceolate, 4–12 cm long, and 0.7–2.0 cm wide, with a distinctly pale undersurface. Stems are quite red in colour. The small cream or white flowers appear in summer and are followed by black, globose, two-lobed berries 5–8 mm wide, which appear in autumn. There are separate male and female plants.
Originally described by French botanist Jean Louis Marie Poiret, it gained its current name in 1969 by A.C. Smith. It had been known for many years as Drimys lanceolata.
It is found in Tasmania and northwards through Victoria to Barrington Tops in New South Wales. It is found in gullies in rainforest.
Uses
Polygodial has been identified as the primary active compound in Tasmannia lanceolata, and is also responsible for its peppery taste. The fruits also contain benzoic acids, flavanols, and flavanones, as well as eugenol, methyl eugenol, and gallic acid, and also the glycosides quercetin and rutin.
The leaf and berry are used as a spice, typically dried. Tasmanian pepperberry was used as a colonial pepper substitute. More recently, it has become popularised as a bushfood condiment. It can be added to curries, cheeses, and alcoholic beverages. It is exported to Japan to flavour wasabi. The berries are sweet and fruity at first with a lingering peppery aftertaste. Dried T. lanceolata berries and leaves have strong antimicrobial activity against food spoilage organisms. It also has high antioxidant activity. Low safrole clonal selections are grown in plantations for commercial use, as safrole is considered a low-risk toxin.
Used in colonial medicine as a substitute for Winter's bark, a stomachic, it was also used for treating scurvy. Tasmanian pepper is one of a number of native Australian herbs and food species being supported by the Australian Native Food Industry Ltd, which brings together producers of food species from all parts of Australia. The pepperberry can be used as a fish poison.
The 1889 book 'The Useful Native Plants of Australia' records that common names included "Pepper Tree" and that "The drupe is used as a condiment, being a fair substitute for pepper, or rather allspice The leaves and bark also have a hot, biting, cinnamon-like taste."
It can be grown as a garden plant. Its berries attract birds, including Currawongs, that feed on them. It can be propagated from cuttings or seed, and can grow in a well-drained acidic soil with some shade, but is sensitive to Phytophthora cinnamomi.
Garden cultivars include 'Mt. Wellington', a compact plant with coppery new growth, and 'Suzette', a variegated cultivar.
See also
List of Australian herbs and spices
References
External links
Bruneteau, Jean-Paul, Tukka, Real Australian Food,
Flora of New South Wales
Flora of Tasmania
Flora of Victoria (Australia)
Spices
lanceolata |
4036290 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashburton%20Forks%2C%20New%20Zealand | Ashburton Forks, New Zealand | Ashburton Forks, formerly known as Spread Eagle, is a small town which lies between the forks of the Ashburton River / Hakatere in the Canterbury Province of New Zealand's South Island. It is approximately 50 km west of Ashburton and about 17 km from the foot of the Southern Alps.
Early settlers
William Campbell, blacksmith by trade, of Oakfield Demesne, County Donegal established the Spreadeagle Farm at Ashburton in the early 1880s with his wife Mary (née Falloon).
Demographics
The statistical area of Ashburton Forks, which also includes Mount Somers, covers and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km2.
Ashburton Forks had a population of 2,214 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 207 people (10.3%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 528 people (31.3%) since the 2006 census. There were 840 households. There were 1,197 males and 1,017 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.18 males per female. The median age was 33 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 501 people (22.6%) aged under 15 years, 468 (21.1%) aged 15 to 29, 1,065 (48.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 183 (8.3%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 82.9% European/Pākehā, 5.6% Māori, 1.1% Pacific peoples, 10.4% Asian, and 5.7% other ethnicities (totals add to more than 100% since people could identify with multiple ethnicities).
The proportion of people born overseas was 22.5%, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people objected to giving their religion, 48.6% had no religion, 42.1% were Christian, 1.1% were Hindu, 0.4% were Muslim, 0.3% were Buddhist and 2.3% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 303 (17.7%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 243 (14.2%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $41,800, compared with $31,800 nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,104 (64.4%) people were employed full-time, 309 (18.0%) were part-time, and 21 (1.2%) were unemployed.
See also
Ashburton, nearby major town
Methven, nearby major town
References
Populated places in Canterbury, New Zealand |
4036291 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinkensdamm%20metro%20station | Zinkensdamm metro station | Zinkensdamm is a Stockholm metro station in Södermalm, Stockholm, Sweden. The station was opened on 5 April 1964 as part of the first stretch of the Red line, between T-Centralen and Fruängen. The surrounding area is known for the Zinkensdamms IP sports grounds, the Tantolunden Park, the Drakenberg area, and the STF Zinken hostel.
Gallery
See also
Zinkensdamm
References
External links
Images of Zinkensdamm
Stockholm metro stations
Railway stations opened in 1964 |
4036292 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middlewich%20Folk%20and%20Boat%20Festival | Middlewich Folk and Boat Festival | The Middlewich Folk and Boat Festival takes place in June in Middlewich, Cheshire, England. The festival builds on the town's industrial heritage in which canal boats were used to move coal and other raw materials in the town for the production of salt, and then move the salt out of town, either for use directly, or as a raw material in the manufacture of chemicals such as chlorine and soda ash.
The Middlewich Folk and Boat festival is now firmly established on the folk circuit and it is estimated that 30,000 people visit the town during the festival weekend, along with 400 boats. The festival was originally organised by members of the Middlewich Paddies, and taken over by the local council in 2011 when the original committee were unable to continue with the event. In 2008, the festival was declared among the top three folk festivals in England by Guardian Online.
History
The festival has been held since 1990. It was cancelled in 2001 because of Foot and Mouth disease.
The festival
Since 1990 there has been an annual folk music and (canal) boat festival, which is now highly regarded on the folk circuit with visitors coming into the town from all over the UK. During this festival artists appear at venues throughout the town, whilst Morris Dancing and Craft Stalls also featured. The boating festival centres on the Trent and Mersey Canal. The main venues where people and boats converge are the Big Lock and Kings Lock, public houses next to locks of the same name on the Trent and Mersey canal.
Artistes
2014 (13–15 June)
Ade Edmondson & The Bad Shepherds
The Men They Couldn't Hang
Hat Fitz & Cara
Phillip Henry & Hannah Martin
The Liverpool Shanty Kings
The Peace Artistes
Emma Stevens
Brian McCombe Band
Merry Hell
Moulettes
Headsticks
Allan Yn Y Fan
Niamh Boadle
NE3Folk
Jaipur Kawa Brass Band
Les Barker
Sean Taylor
Simply Soweto Encha
The Driving Force
Pamela Wyn-Shannon
Shamus O'Blivion and the Megadeath Morrismen
Thrill Collins
2013 (14–16 June)
Dick Gaughan
Spiers & Boden
Greg Russell & Ciaran Algar
Seth Lakeman
Mark Radcliffe & Foes
Woody Mann
African Entsha
All Blacked Up Ceilidh Band
Babajack
The Backyard Devils
Blue Horyzon
The Boat Band
Clutching at Straws
Fosbrooks
Gordie MacKeeman & His Rhythm Boys
Golty Farabeau
Headsticks
Kye Sones
The Liverpool Shanty Kings
Maddocks & Bayes
Moulettes
NE3FOLK
The Peace Artistes
My Sweet Patootie
The Roving Crows
Dan Walsh & Christi Andropolis
The Willows
2012 (15–17 June)
Including
Show of Hands
Mark Radcliffe & the Big Figures
All Blacked Up
Les Barker
Merry Hell
Toy Hearts
Babajack
Roving Crows
Eddi Reader
Glenn Tilbrook
The BlueYellows
2011 (17–19 June)
Phil Maddocks
Pilgrims' Way
Andy Buckley
Salty Dog
The Tow Path Tipplers
The Crazy Folk Band
Sniggleheap
Acoustak
David Gibb and the Pony Club
Steamhead and the Weavils
Calico Jack
Last Ones Out
The Boat Band
Wearside Jack
Maxine Adelle
Louisa James
The Kane Sisters
Edel Fox
Hayley Strangelove
Dai Thomas
The Middlewich Paddies
With Bob On Our Side
The Generation
No Dinosaurs
Blackfingers
Providence Jug Band
Stan's Magic Foot
Steven Doyle
2010 (18–20 June) - 20th Anniversary Celebration
INCLUDING
Stan's Magic Foot
London Philharmonic Skiffle Orchestra
Mabon
Little Johnny England
The Lonnie Doneghan Band
Ken Nicol and Phil Cool
Nigel Beck
Queensbury Rules
Show of Hands
Pete Donegan
Tom Palmer
Peter Knight's Gigspanner
2009 (19–21 June)
The Family Mahone
Blue Murder
Ade Edmondson & The Bad Shepherds
All Blacked Up & Baz Parkes
Thea Gilmore
Jim Moray
Stan's Magic Foot
The Rainbow Chasers
Gina Le Faux
Tom Doughty
Greg Cave & The Village Band
Ella Edmondson
Vicki & Trefor
Andrea Glass
Rachel Harrington
Liz and the Lizzettes
Isambarde
Zoox
Acoustak
Barron Brady
Bill Malkin
Breeze and Wilson
Brendan Fahy
Calico Jack
Chloë
Chris Layhe and Oyster
Cold Flame
Dave Dove
Deportees
Dominic Collins
Dr Bob and the Wildboys
Fiona Simpson and Brian Adams
Full House
Geoff Mather
Guitar Mal
Holy Maggots
James & the Giant
Jaywalkers
Jonathan Tarplee
JP Slidewell
Kavona
Last Ones Out
Lorelei Loveridge
Lost in the Mist
Madcap
Men in Black
Michelle Martin
Nigel Beck
Peter Butler
Picnic Area
Providence Jug Band
Salt Town Poets
Shake the Barley
Song & Story
The Huers
Thom Kirkpatrick
Time Bandits
2008 (13–15 June)
Including
June Tabor
The Family Mahone
Martin Simpson
Bandersnatch
Kerfuffle
Peatbog Faeries
Nick Barraclough and the Burglars
Lau
Rory Ellis
Zoe Mulford
The Warsaw Village Band
Stomp
Nick Harper
Jonathan Kelly
2007 (15–17 June)
Seth Lakeman
Elbow Jane and Dave Dove
The Family Mahone with Mark Radcliffe
Dave Hunt and Happenstance.
Blazin’ Fiddles
Queensberry Rules
Ashley Hutchings and Rainbow Chasers
The Demon Barber Roadshow
Breeze & Wilson
Full House
Peeping Tom and caller Mick Peat.
The New Rope String Band
Richard Digance
Show of Hands
De Develeski
PJ Wright and Thom Kirkpatrick
2006 (16–18 June)
The Stereo Graffiti Show with Darren Poyzer and Friends
Tommy Kirkpatrick and the Beautiful Noise
The Dylan Project
Tom Doughty
PJ Wright and Dave Pegg
Karine Polwart
CrossCurrent
Michael McGoldrick and His Band
Emma and The Professor
Hazel O'Connor
A Woman's Word
McDermott's
The Levellers
The Family Mahone
Darren Poyzer
Ann English
Kirsty McGee
Dear Gregory
All Blacked Up
Cave
Martin Eden and The Assembly Boys
2005 (17–19 June)
Queensberry Rules
Uiscedwr
The Family Mahone
Mostly Autumn
Bellowhead
Jez Lowe and the Bad Pennies
Kerfuffle
Martin Carthy
Eddi Reader
Tickled Pink
Brian Kennedy
Eliza Carthy
The Ratcatchers
2004 (18–20 June)
Fairport Convention
The Family Mahone
Simon Mayor
Hilary James
Shooglenifty
Baker's Fabulous Boys
Show of Hands
The Levellers
2003 (13–15 June)
Bob Geldof
The Family Mahone
John Wright, Gary Forrest and Serious Kitchen
Whapweasel
Gordon Potts
The New John Wright Band
Ian Bruce
Kirsty McGee
Te Vaka
Rick Roser
Waterson–Carthy
Les Barker
Jim Moray
The Oysterband
Eliza Carthy Band
Sean Cannon
2002 (14–16 June)
Fairport Convention
Lindisfarne
Kate Rusby
Black Umfolosi
Andy Cutting and Chris Wood
Isla St Clair
e2k
Cara Dillon
Kathryn Robert and Sean Lakeman
Jon Boden and John Spiers
Whorticulture
Jenny Butterworth
Jon Brindley
Emily Slade
Hot Tamales
Aphrodite
Jug O' Punch
Steamhead
Taggart and Wright
Trefor and Vicki Williams
Roam
Quartz
Ailsa and John Booth
Brass Tacks
The Family Mahone
The Peace Artistes
Root Chord
Odd at Ease
Tom Brown and Ian Goodier
South Cheshire Pipe Band
Elle Osbourne
Sarah Hayes
The Middlewich Paddies
2001 (15–17 June – cancelled)
Cancelled due to Foot-and-mouth disease.
2000 (16–18 June)
Vin Garbutt
Iron Horse
Te Vaka
Roy Bailey and John Kirkpatrick
Blue Horses
Show of Hands
Les Barker
Blowzabella
Loctup Together
Jenny Butterworth
Cuckoo Oak
Seize the Day
Dragonfall
The Family Mahone
Slip Jig
Karen Burton
Tania Opland and Mike Freeman
Bob Webb
Calico Jack
Steamhead
Bakers Fabulous Boys
Ceolta
The National Youth Folklore Troupe of England
John Barden
Roy Clinging
Davian Reel
Quartz
St Patrick's Pipe Band
The Middlewich Paddies
1999 (18–20 June)
Cherish the Ladies
Black Umfolosi
The Poozies
Tanglefoot
The Old Rope String Band
Cock and Bull
The Oldham Tinkers
Bernard Wrigley
Ian Bruce
The Boat Band
Acquiesce
The Middlewich Paddies
The Chipolatas
St. Patrick's Pipe Band
Keeper's Lock
Steamhead
Davian Reel
Roy Wilcock & Bridget Guest
Lorebreakers
1998 (19–21 June)
Dervish
The Albion Band
Chris While and Julie Matthews
Artisan
Tanglefoot
Huw and Tony Williams
Cock and Bull Band
The Peace Artists
Calico Jack
Davian Reel
Moorland Folk
Buzz & Sam Collins
Stanley Accrington
The Middlewich Paddies
Chris Sherburn and Denny Bartley
Flakey Jake and The Steamin Locos
John Conolly and Pete Sumner
Fiona Shirra
Acquiesce
The Salt Town Poets
Ian Goodier and Tom Browne
Steamhead
Roy Wilcock and Bridget Guest
The Lorebreakers
Biggles Wartime Jug Band
The Ram Shanty Crew
Silk Brass
1997 (20–22 June)
The Yetties
Coope Boyes and Simpson
Big Jig
The Boat Band
Anam - Flook!
The Geckoes
Jez Lowe and The Bad Pennies
Crook
Sears and Harrison
Davian Reel
Gavin Lewery and Jock Tyldesley
Les Barker
To Hell with Burgundy
The Middlewich Paddies
Calico Jack
Youthquake
Salt Town Poets
The Chipolatas
Gilly Darby
Chew the Roots
Harvey Andrews
1996 (14–16 June)
After Hours
Cosmotheka
Calico Jack
Gary and Vera Aspey
Five Speed Box
New Bushbury Mountain Daredevils
Chris Sherbourn and Denny Bartley
The Southgators
Keith Donnelly
Risky Business
The Middlewich Paddies
Jenny Shotliffe and Youthquake
The Great Bonzo and Doris
Dave Roberts
Circus Sensible
Paul and Glen Elliot
Notes
External links
http://www.midfest.org.uk/
http://www.efestivals.co.uk/festivals/middlewich/2014 2014 Festival page
http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/gsivills/gsfandb.html 2003 Festival home page
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g0O3VKl1OHA Clerical Error at the 2006 festival
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HC2KTAv0owo Music at the Big Lock during the 2007 festival
Music festivals established in 1990
Folk festivals in the United Kingdom
Music festivals in Cheshire
Folk and Boat
Boat festivals |
4036293 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorrie%20Sprecher | Lorrie Sprecher | Lorrie Sprecher (born 18 July 1960) is an American writer, musician, and activist.
Biography
She holds a Ph.D. in English literature from the University of Maryland, where her dissertation was on Gertrude Stein.
Her debut novel, Sister Safety Pin, details the life of a 20-something lesbian named Melany as she struggles to come to terms with her sexuality, her lovers, her future, and her place in the changing world of punk rock. Peppered heavily with references to seminal punk bands, the novel follows Melany through a small series of relationships, attaining her undergraduate degree, and contemplating "if a lesbian... especially a punk lesbian... is supposed to get a Ph.D." Honed with sharp wit, the story unfolds against a backdrop of 1980s California, New York City, and D.C.; a time when punk rock was shifting faces and the AIDS crisis was exploding amongst the gay community. Widely reviewed, Sister Safety Pin has become a classic among its lesbian audience.
After the publication of her novel, Sprecher turned her attention to music, forming the one-woman band Sugar Rat. Her music is politically charged, most recently addressing the bombing of Afghanistan. Her debut album, Rats Have Rights, was released in 2001. In 2002, Sprecher released her follow-up to Rats, entitled The Opposite of Popular. Both albums were self-distributed and are available via iTunes or Sprecher's website. She has also contributed songs to the Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan (RAWA).
Sprecher is a vocal member of ACT UP, an organization dedicated to fighting AIDS, and has been arrested six times in Washington D.C. during various protests.
She is currently working on her third novel and an acoustic album for Sugar Rat.
Bibliography
Anxiety Attack: Short-Short Storie (Violet Ink, 1992)
Sister Safety Pin (Firebrand Books, 1994)
Pissing in a River (The Feminist Press, 2014)
Discography
Rats Have Rights (2001)
The Opposite of Popular (2003)
References
External links
Lorrie Sprecher Online
Sugar Rat - Soundclick
1960 births
20th-century American novelists
American women novelists
American punk rock musicians
HIV/AIDS activists
Feminist musicians
Lesbian feminists
American lesbian musicians
American lesbian writers
Living people
American LGBT novelists
20th-century American women writers
20th-century LGBT people
21st-century LGBT people
21st-century American women
Women in punk |
4036297 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang%20Yang%20%28speed%20skater%2C%20born%201976%29 | Yang Yang (speed skater, born 1976) | Yang Yang (; born 24 August 1976 in Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China) is a retired Chinese short track speed skater. She is a two-time Olympic Champion from 2002 Winter Olympics and a six-time Overall World Champion for 1997–2002. Known as Yang Yang (A), she was formerly a member of the Chinese national short track team. Yang is one of the most accomplished short track speed skaters of all time having won 34 world titles, including six Overall World Championships. She is the first person to have won six Overall World Titles and won six consecutively. Her victory in the women's 500 m short track at the 2002 Winter Olympics made her China's first-ever Winter Olympics gold medalist. She added a second gold in the women's 1000 m short track at the same Games and has also won two silver and a bronze medal. After 2003 World Championships, Yang took time off competing, but came back in 2004–2005 season in lead-up to 2006 Winter Olympics where she won the bronze medal in 1000m race. She retired soon afterwards.
Naming
Yang, born 1976, is sometimes known as Yang Yang (A), to differentiate her from the speed skater named Yang Yang born in 1977 (known as "Yang Yang (S)").
By coincidence, Yang Yang had a contemporary on the Chinese skating team, one year and one month her junior, also named Yang Yang in pinyin and English (although with a different given name character in Chinese). The "(A)" identifier was used as a way to distinguish her from the younger Yang Yang. Originally, the older Yang Yang was known as Yang Yang (L) for "large" (大 or 'big' in Chinese is used to distinguish between younger and older persons of roughly the same age), as she is older than Yang Yang (S) for "small"; however, she objected to the "L" identifier, changing it to "A" for "August", her birth month. Although the younger Yang Yang (S) is now retired from competition and there is no longer a need to distinguish between the two in results, Yang Yang (A) still used the identifier in competition, considering it a part of her identity.
Retirement
Yang Yang (A) was chosen to be one of 12,000 torchbearers to carry the Olympic torch for the Vancouver 2010 Olympics, and on November 22, 2009, she ran a portion of the Prince Edward Island legs.
Yang was elected as an IOC member in 2010 becoming mainland China's fourth IOC member. She is also a committee member of the World Anti Doping Agency, and founding member of the Chinese Athlete Education Foundation.
In 2013, Yang co-founded the Feiyang Skating Centre in Shanghai, a new double-rink facility with an Olympic-sized rink upstairs and a recreational-sized rink downstairs, built to promote ice sports in China.
Career
Gallery
References
External links
Yang Yang (A) (Short-track Speed Skating) from china.org.cn
1976 births
Living people
Chinese female short track speed skaters
Olympic bronze medalists for China
Olympic gold medalists for China
Olympic short track speed skaters of China
Olympic silver medalists for China
Olympic medalists in short track speed skating
Short track speed skaters at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Short track speed skaters at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Short track speed skaters at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Asian Games medalists in short track speed skating
Short track speed skaters at the 1996 Asian Winter Games
Short track speed skaters at the 1999 Asian Winter Games
Short track speed skaters at the 2003 Asian Winter Games
International Olympic Committee members
World Anti-Doping Agency members
People from Jiamusi
Sportspeople from Heilongjiang
Medalists at the 1996 Asian Winter Games
Medalists at the 1999 Asian Winter Games
Medalists at the 2003 Asian Winter Games
Asian Games gold medalists for China
Asian Games silver medalists for China
Universiade bronze medalists for China
Universiade medalists in short track speed skating
Competitors at the 1997 Winter Universiade |
4036308 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas%20Vinciguerra | Andreas Vinciguerra | Andreas Vinciguerra (; born 19 February 1981) is a former tennis player from Sweden, who turned professional in 1998. He won 1 singles title in Copenhagen; reached the semi-finals of the 2001 Rome Masters and 2001 Paris Masters; and attained a career-high singles ranking of World No. 33 in November 2001.
Tennis career
Vinciguerra is of Italian origin on his father's side.
Junior career
As a junior Vinciguerra reached as high as No. 6 in the world in 1998.
Junior Slam results:
Australian Open: F (1998)
French Open: SF (1998)
Wimbledon: -
US Open: 1R (1998)
Pro career
He experienced significant problems with a back injury, but in 2006 made a comeback, which has seen him edge towards the top 100 in the ATP rankings.
Has played 9 Davis Cup matches in singles, and won 3 of them.
In the 2009 World Group Playoffs in March 2009, Sweden faced Israel in Vinciguerra's hometown. Dudi Sela first defeated Vinciguerra 11–9 in the fifth. Harel Levy then beat Vinciguerra in the decisive final match in a marathon 3-hour, 44 minutes, 8–6 in the fifth, to lead the Israeli team to a come-from-behind 3–2 victory over the 7-time Davis Cup champion Swedes at Baltic Hall in Malmö, Sweden, and allow Israel to advance in the 2009 Davis Cup.
After the Davis Cup, Vinciguerra decided to continue playing and reached in his first tournament of the year the final at the Rome Challenger. He then received a Wild Card to the Swedish Open where he made it to the semifinals.
ATP career finals
Singles: 4 (1 title, 3 runners-up)
ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals
Singles: 10 (5–5)
Doubles: 1 (0–1)
Junior Grand Slam finals
Singles: 1 (1 runner-up)
Performance timeline
Singles
References
External links
1981 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Malmö
Swedish male tennis players
Swedish people of Italian descent
Olympic tennis players of Sweden
Tennis players at the 2000 Summer Olympics |
4036309 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantolunden | Tantolunden | Tantolunden is a park in the southern part of central Stockholm, Sweden.
Tantolunden is located in Södermalm near Zinkensdamm and Hornstull. The area is bounded by the railway in the south, the Ringvägen in the east, the Drakenberg area in the north and Lake Årstaviken in the southwest. The park was designed in 1885 by Swedish garden architect Alfred Medin (1841-1910). The construction work continued until 1899, when it was considered that the park was completed. In 1906 a playground was arranged in the western part of the park.
References
Parks in Stockholm |
4036324 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parippally | Parippally | Parippally is a village in Kalluvathukal Panchayath of Kollam district, Kerala, India. Paripally village is situated South of Kollam City along NH66 and North of Trivandrum along NH66.
Kollam Govt. Medical College is situated in Parippally. Kerala's new No 1 theatre Revathy Cinemax is also situated in Parippally-Kulamada(Kulamada-only away from Parippally junction). The nearest town Chathannor is located away, Kottiyam is another major town located near Parippally.
Transportation
Nearest Airport is The Trivandrum International Airport which is away. Kollam Helipad (Asramam) is about away from Parippally and Varkala Helipad (Cliff) is about away.
Paravur Railway Station is the nearest railway station to Parippally. Paravur is well connected to Bengaluru, Chennai, Mumbai, Salem, Madurai, Kanyakumari, Mangalore, Coimbatore, Pune, Tirunelveli, Trichy and various towns in Kerala through Indian Railways. It is the nearest railway station to the newly inaugurated Kollam Medical College, Parippally.
There are 4 major roads which connect Madathara, Paravur, Kollam, Thiruvananthapuram. It is only 13 kilometers away from the famous Varkala Sivagiri, Varkala Beach, and Varkala Temple.
Administration
Parippally is the part of Kalluvathukkal Panchayath.
Schools
Famous schools are KPHS Kalluvathukkal, ASHSS Parippally. UKF Engineering College is in Paripally.
Govt Medical College, Kollam is situated in Paripally.
Temples
There are more than 10 temples in this village. Kodimoottil Sri Bhadrakaali Temple is one of the most famous temples in Kerala. Gajamela and Ponkala which are associated with the temple festival are very famous. Thousands of devotees come to watch the Gajamela. Other major temples are Sri Guru Nagappan Kavu (ശ്രീ ഗുരുനാഗപ്പൻ ക്ഷേത്രം), Sree Subramanya Swami Temple, Mullukattil Nagaru Kavu, Mevanakkonam Thirunettarakavu Sree Badhra Kali Temple (fire works associated with the temple festival are very famous), Vayalil Thrikkovil Mahavishnu Temple (വയലില് തൃക്കോവില് മഹാവിഷ്ണു ക്ഷേത്രം), Kunnathuveetil Temple (കുന്നത്ത് വീട്ടിൽ ക്ഷേത്രം), Kanninkarazhikam Durga Devi Temple (കണ്ണങ്കരിഴികം ദുർഗ്ഗദേവി ക്ഷേത്രം), Sreeramapuram Sreeramswamy Temple (ശ്രീരാമപുരം ശ്രീരാമസ്വാമി ക്ഷേത്രം), Madankavu Devi Temple (മാടൻ കാവ് ദേവി ക്ഷേത്രം), Peroor Sree Nagarukavu (പേരൂർ ശ്രീ നാഗരുകാവ്),Sree Madankavu Moorthi Temple(ശ്രീ മാടൻകാവ് മൂർത്തി ക്ഷേത്രം),Sri Krishna Swamy Temple(ശ്രീകൃഷ്ണ സ്വാമി ക്ഷേത്രം)in Jawahar Junction (only away from Parippally), Kizhakkanela Sree Madanakavu Mahadeva navagraha temple ( കിഴക്കനേല മാടൻകാവ് ശ്രീ മഹാദേവ നവഗ്രഹ ക്ഷേത്രം, Kizhakkanela Thottathil sree bhadrakali Temple ( കിഴക്കനേല തോട്ടത്തിൽ ശ്രീ ഭദ്രകാളി ക്ഷേത്രം,
References
Kerala Atlas
Manorama year book: 2006
External links
Parippally Gajamela
http://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/628437-parippally-kerala.html
Villages in Kollam district |
4036333 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarocco | Tarocco | Tarocco may refer to:
Tarocco, a Renaissance card game using tarot cards
Tarocco Piemontese, a type of tarot deck used to play a surviving variant of the game
Tarocco Bolognese, a type of tarot deck used to play Tarocchini, another surviving variant popular in Bologna
Tarocco Siciliano, a type of tarot deck found in Sicily
An Italian variant cultivar of the Blood orange |
4036334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robbie%20Jansen | Robbie Jansen | Robert Edward Jansen (5 August 1949 – 7 July 2010) was a South African musician. He was born in Cape Town, South Africa.
Biography
Jansen began his career in the pop band The Rockets. The first instruments he played were concertina and mouth organ. The repertoire of the first bands he played with consisted of British pop of the hippie era. But after a trip to London, which was part of a prize in a band competition, he discovered black music from the U.S. and in particular groups with brass sections and he decided he wanted to be a brass instrument player. Brass instrument bands were not new to him as his father was associated with Salvation Army bands, but Jansen chose rock and jazz. He played in the brass section of Cape Town's jazz-rock group The Pacific Express. From there he began a solo career as a singer and saxophonist.
His first nationwide recognition in South Africa was as a member of the Dollar Brand group. He and saxophonist Basil Coetzee toured and recorded with Brand on Mannenberg sessions. He later recorded with Brand, also known as Abdullah Ibrahim, on other projects. His work with Brand and Coetzee in the 1970s introduced him to jazz audiences, and he became a leading figure in Cape Jazz. He signed with Mountain Records and was instrumental in encouraging the record label to collect works from their archive to issue the first definitive Cape Jazz collection album.
South African duo Johnny Clegg and Sipho Mchunu hired Jansen to play flute and saxophone on Juluka's debut album, Universal Men. Jansen joined the band for their next two albums, but he departed between African Litany and Ubuhle Bemvelo to resume his solo career.
In 2006 his album Nomad Jez was a finalist for a South African Music Award as best jazz album of the year. He recorded two other solo albums: Vastrap Island and The Cape Doctor (with his group, The Sons of Table Mountain). The albums were produced by Patrick Lee-Thorp.
The label management of his record label, credit Jansen with the origination of the description of the style of Jazz played in the Cape Town region as Cape Jazz. He and fellow saxophone player, Basil Coetzee used this description of the music in their earliest recordings.
Jansen was in the hospital after becoming ill in July 2005. The provincial government of the Western Cape met his medical bills as he had no medical insurance. He was immensely popular with Capetonians and when he returned to performing, usually with his band Sons of the Table Mountain, he was always met with affection, love, and respect.
A blow to his career came in March 2007 when his doctors said that he could no longer travel long distances by air due to his respiratory condition. This forced the cancellation of his 2007 European tour and put an end to his international performances. He collapsed while on tour in Grahamstown in 2010 when his respirator malfunctioned. He died in hospital in Cape Town in July 2010 at the age of 61.
Controversy
In 2006, a Media24 community newspaper, the People's Post, refused to publish an interview conducted with Jansen, citing his criticism of that year's SAMA. The interview was, according to papers filed at the Labour Court of South Africa, unfit to publish in a family newspaper. "Mr Jansen's views are too controversial to publish in a community newspaper targeted at a family audience." The editor of the People's Post at the time also cited Jansen's reputation as a drinker and frequenter of nightclubs. The journalist who conducted the interview brought a civil case against the corporation.
Discography
Vastrap Island (Mountain, 1996)
The Cape Doctor (Mountain, 2000)
Nomad Jez (Mountain, 2005)
References
External links
Robbie Jansen
"Robbie Jansen and the Sons of Table Mountain"
Review at All About Jazz
"The Guardian"
"SA Hiustory.org"
1949 births
2010 deaths
Afrikaner people
Musicians from Cape Town
Juluka members
South African musicians
South African people of Dutch descent
Sons of Table Mountain members |
4036338 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refused%20Are%20Fucking%20Dead | Refused Are Fucking Dead | Refused Are Fucking Dead is a 2006 documentary about the Swedish hardcore punk band Refused and the then-last year of their career. The film was directed by the band's guitarist, Kristofer Steen. It includes live performances of "Spectre", "Life Support Addiction", "Circlepit", "New Noise", and "Rather Be Dead."
The DVD includes two of Refused's music videos ("Rather Be Dead" and "New Noise") as well as live performances of all the songs on The Shape of Punk to Come (save for "The Apollo Programme Was a Hoax" and "Protest Song '68") as bonus features.
The film shares its name with one of the band's songs on The Shape of Punk to Come and is a reference to a song titled "Born Against Are Fucking Dead" by the New York hardcore band Born Against.
Reception
The film received mostly positive reviews. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 82% of 265 user ratings have given the film a positive review, with a rating average of 3.8 out of 5.
References
External links
Burning Heart Records page on the film
2006 documentary films
2006 films
Documentary films about punk music and musicians
Refused
Swedish documentary films
Swedish films
2000s Swedish-language films |
4036343 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan%20Koubek | Stefan Koubek | Stefan Koubek (born 2 January 1977) is a retired tennis player from Austria. Koubek played left-handed with a double-handed backhand. His idol when growing up was Thomas Muster. Koubek won three titles, two of which came on hardcourts; despite this, he said his favorite surface was clay.
Koubek reached the quarterfinals of the 2002 Australian Open and the 2002 Hamburg Masters, attaining a career-high singles ranking of World No. 20 in March 2000. Koubek tested positive for glucocorticosteroids at the 2004 French Open after receiving an injection for an injured wrist; he was subsequently suspended for three months.
His nickname is Cooley or Stef.
Tennis career
Koubek turned professional in 1994, losing his first match in St Pölten. Between 1994 and 1998, Koubek mostly played in ATP Futures and ATP Challenger Series events.
In 1997 he jumped up 184 positions in the rankings, thanks to good results in Challenger tournaments, reaching finals in Ulm and Alpirsbach. 1998 saw Koubek win his first Challenger event in Alpirsbach; later that same year he lost to Younes El Aynaoui in the final of Maia. Koubek compiled a 33-20 record for the year.
Koubek won his first ATP title in 1999 at Atlanta as a qualifier. He achieved this losing only one set in the whole tournament, overcoming Sébastien Grosjean in the final in straight sets. Koubek reached the fourth round in his French Open debut, losing to Àlex Corretja; to date this is his best performance at this event. Koubek made the final of Bournemouth, losing to Adrian Voinea, and helped his country Austria back into the World Group of Davis Cup by defeating Sweden 3–2 in a promotion tie. Koubek was second only to Albert Costa in wins on clay during the 1999 season, with 28 match victories.
In 2000 Koubek won his second title on the hardcourts at Delray Beach, defeating Álex Calatrava. He reached the semi finals at Mexico City, losing to Juan Ignacio Chela. He reached his highest singles rank to date on March 13, 2000, when he became World No. 20. At the 2000 French Open, in his match against Attila Sávolt (the score being 2-1 sets and 5-2 games in favour of his opponent), after having already received three warnings for various transgressions, Koubek was disqualified due to throwing his racket and accidentally hitting a ball boy.
Koubek started off 2002 with his best ever performance at a Grand Slam tournament by making the quarterfinals of the Australian Open. In the first round, Koubek came back from a 0–6 1–6 1–4 15-40 deficit to eventually defeat Cyril Saulnier, 0–6 1–6 7–6 6–4 8–6. In the next round he again came back from two sets to love down against James Blake, winning in five sets. Koubek then defeated Kristian Pless and Fernando González in the third and fourth round, before losing to Jiří Novák in the quarterfinals.
In the remainder of 2002, Koubek's best result was a quarterfinal appearance at the Hamburg Masters, losing to Tommy Robredo. Koubek then finished the year with seven consecutive first round losses.
Koubek rebounded in 2003 by winning his third career title in Doha. Koubek won the tournament without dropping a set, defeating Jan-Michael Gambill in the final, and briefly holding the top spot in the ATP Champions Race. Koubek's form remained inconsistent, again losing seven consecutive first-round matches after his victory in Doha, before making the semi-finals in Munich, where he lost to Roger Federer. In Davis Cup, Koubek defeated the Belgian brothers Christophe and Olivier Rochus to help return Austria to the World Group.
Koubek made the third round at the 2004 French Open before losing to David Nalbandian. In Thomas Muster's debut as Davis Cup captain, Koubek was instrumental in preserving Austria's status in the World Group, winning both singles matches over Tim Henman and Greg Rusedski.
Koubek tested positive for glucocorticosteroids at the 2004 French Open after receiving an injection for an injured wrist; he was subsequently suspended for three months. The ITF rejected Koubek's appeal of the suspension, though acknowledging that Koubek had not used the drugs to enhance performance.
Koubek forfeited his points and prize money from Roland Garros, though his results subsequent to Roland Garros were not disqualified.
As a result of injuries and his suspension, Koubek struggled in 2005, and his ranking fell outside the top 100. Koubek spent most of the year playing events on the Challenger circuit. His best results on the tour were a third round in Kitzbühel, losing to Nicolás Massú, and a semifinal in the Helsinki Challenger, where he lost to Björn Rehnquist.
At the start of 2006, Koubek was ranked 182nd in the world. Koubek played a mixture of Challengers and ATP events during the year; as a qualifier, Koubek made the final of the ATP event in Zagreb, losing in straight sets to local favourite Ivan Ljubičić. Koubek reached the third round in Stuttgart and the Generali Open, and the semifinals in Mumbai. He finished the year ranked number 80. In doubles Koubek won his first title at the Generali Open with Philipp Kohlschreiber.
Koubek finished the 2007 season ranked in the top 50. The year began 2007 by making the final in Chennai, losing to Xavier Malisse. At the Australian Open, he was knocked out in the first round by Wayne Arthurs, in Arthurs' final Australian Open appearance; Koubek lost the match despite leading two sets to love. He played in Austria's first-round defeat in Davis Cup, losing 4–1 to Argentina in Linz. In Sopot Koubek came back from a 6–0 4–0 deficit to defeat Agustín Calleri in three sets, where Calleri served for the match three times and saved five match points in the process, which broke a streak 21 consecutive games lost after losing 6–4 6–0 to Daniel Köllerer in Kitzbühel. Koubek was disqualified in Metz against Sébastien Grosjean while leading 4–2 in the final set after using abusive language to the tournament supervisor Thomas Karlberg while disputing a call. Koubek said he directed the "Fuck you" at the situation and not at Karlberg personally.
Koubek started 2008 by making the third round at the Australian Open before falling to Paul-Henri Mathieu in five sets, a match in which he led a break of serve in each set, but was not able to close the match out. In March Koubek suffered back problems and will have surgery to alleviate bulging discs, which is a potentially career threatening injury.
Koubek announced his retirement from tennis in May 2011.
ATP career finals
Singles: 6 (3 titles, 3 runner-ups)
Doubles: 2 (1 title, 1 runner-up)
ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals
Singles: 7 (2–5)
Doubles: 1 (0–1)
Performance timeline
Singles
References
External links
1977 births
Living people
Austrian male tennis players
Doping cases in tennis
Hopman Cup competitors
Sportspeople from Klagenfurt
Austrian sportspeople in doping cases |
4036350 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Never-Ending | Never-Ending | Never-Ending is the 3rd studio album by German power metal group Mystic Prophecy, released in October 2004. This is the last album of a trilogy and also the last to feature Gus G and Dennis Ekdahl.
Track listing
"Burning Bridges" (Liapakis / Albrecht) - 4:13
"Time Will Tell" (Liapakis / Gus G.) - 3:54
"Under A Darkened Sun" (Liapakis / Albrecht) - 4:08
"Dust Of Evil" (Liapakis / Gus G. / Albrecht) - 4:29
"In Hell" (Liapakis / Gus G.) - 3:33
"Never Surrender" (Liapakis / Gus G.) - 4:31
"Wings Of Eternity" (Liapakis / Albrecht) - 4:34
"When I'm Falling" (Liapakis / Gus G.) - 3:46
"Warriors Of Lies" (Liapakis / Albrecht) - 6:12
"Dead Moon Rising" (Liapakis / Gus G.) - 5:15
"Never Ending" (Liapakis / Gus G. / Albrecht) - 2:41
Credits
Roberto Dimitri Liapakis - vocals
Gus G - Guitars
Martin Albrecht - Bass
Dennis Ekdahl - drums
2004 albums
Mystic Prophecy albums
Nuclear Blast albums |
4036353 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museu%20Picasso | Museu Picasso | The Museu Picasso (, "Picasso Museum") is an art museum in Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. It houses an extensive collection of artworks by the twentieth-century Spanish artist Pablo Picasso, with a total of 4251 of his works. It is housed in five adjoining medieval palaces on Montcada Street in the La Ribera neighborhood in the Old City of Barcelona. It opened to the public on 9 March 1963, becoming the first museum dedicated to Picasso's work and the only one created during his lifetime. It has since been declared a museum of national interest by the Government of Catalonia.
Highlights of the collection include two of his first major works, The First Communion (1896), and Science and Charity (1897). In particular, the Museu Picasso reveals Picasso's relationship with the city of Barcelona, a relationship that was shaped in his youth and adolescence and continued until his death.
History
The original idea for the museum came from Picasso's lifelong friend and secretary, Jaume Sabartés, whom Picasso had given many paintings, drawings, and prints since meeting in 1899. Originally, Sabartés intended to found the museum in Málaga, Picasso's birthplace. It was Picasso himself who suggested that Barcelona would be more appropriate, given his long-standing connections with the city.
On 27 July 1960, Sabartés signed an agreement with the city of Barcelona to found the museum. The museum opened in 1963, with the collection established through Sabartés' donation of 574 works from his personal collection. Other items included works that Picasso had given to the city of Barcelona, such as Harlequin, works previously in the possession of the city's museum of modern art, and other gifts from Picasso's friends and collectors.
The museum opened under the name of the Sabartés Collection, because of Picasso's strong opposition to Franco's regime. In the end, Barcelona mayor Josep Porcioles went against the wishes of the central government in order to open the museum. When it opened, the museum was located in Palau Aguilar on Montcada Street. In this era, the collection consisted mainly of the personal collection Sabartés, some lithographs, and posters. Other donations during the museum's first year included a book of engravings made by Picasso of Ovid's Metamorphoses, donated by Salvador Dalí, as well as a collage given by Gala Dalí, titled No, 1913. In subsequent years, the collection was expanded with donations, including 7-drawings dated between 1899 and 1904 given by Junyer Sebastian Vidal.
Expansion
After Sabartés death in 1968, in 1970 Picasso made his last personal donation to the museum. The donation was made up of 920 varied works, including items from his early work that his family had been keeping for him ever since the time he first settled in France. These included school books, academic pieces and paintings from Picasso's Blue Period. Sabartés himself bequested a number of works upon his death, including a series of 58 paintings on Las Meninas. In December 1970, the museum underwent its first expansion, adding the Palau del Baró de Castellet, which is attached to the original museum building, Palau Aguilar.
As years passed, the museum grew in importance as more substantial donations were made. During the early 1980s the collection was expanded with several donations from individuals and various art galleries, as well as through acquisitions. In 1982, Picasso's widow Jacqueline Roque gave 41 pieces to the museum. (In 1983), the Louise Leiris Gallery made a donation of 117 engravings. Some notable donations include those from Carles Domingo and the Editorial Gustavo Gili, among others. In 1985, the museum's physical space expanded again with the addition of Palau Meca.
During the 1990s donations included (women bust or Man sitting). The museum also acquired works such as Portrait of Jacqueline with tape, among others. In the late 1990s the museum expanded yet again with the acquisition of Casa Mauri and Palau Windows, both on the same street and adjacent to the museum. Opened in 1999, this new extension added 3,400 square meters to the museum, serving as a space for temporary exhibitions, an auditorium, and additional services. The extension was opened with the temporary exhibition Picasso: Interior and Exterior Landscape, with more than 200 works by the artist created between 1917 and 1970.
21st century
In 2003, the museum's interior was remodeled and the artworks rearranged. Two years later, The Government of Catalonia declared the institution a museum of national interest.
In 2006, Maite Ocaña, the museum's director since 1983, resigned in order to direct the National Art Museum of Catalonia. Pepe Serra was appointed director of the Picasso in the same year. In 2008, the Museu Picasso rearranged the permanent collection and opened new rooms dedicated to engraving, including one dedicated to Sabartés. Serra has since established a network of organizations associated with Picasso, including the City of Gósol, the Centre Picasso of Horta de Sant Joan and Palau Foundation in Caldes d'Estrac, with the central aim of promoting the position of the artist by the Catalan territory. In 2009, the museum was listed as one of the 40 most visited art museums in the world by The Art Newspaper.
In 2010 the museum began a project to improve its active presence in social networks such as Twitter, Flickr, and Facebook. The museum's efforts resulted in the Museums & the Web 2010 Best of the Web award for social media. The museum's social media projects promote participatory discussion around the institution's research and knowledge.
More recently, the museum has built a new building in Sabartés square, behind Montcada Street. This expansion helped alleviate the overcrowding at the entry of the museum. The building was designed by the architect Jordi Garcés, who had completed the previous expansion of the museum.
Architecture
The Museu Picasso occupies five large houses or palaces of the Carrer de Montcada Barcelona, dating from the 13th century and 14th century, occupying a total area of 10,628 sqm. The buildings follow the style of Gothic civil Catalan. Each of the 5 buildings are built following a similar pattern, around a courtyard equipped with an exterior staircase that allows access to the main floors. The buildings that house the collection of Picasso's works also have their own history.
Palau Aguilar
The Palau Aguilar (Montcada, 15) was the first building occupied by the museum. The building was probably built on the residence of James Ses sources, an important character in the life of Barcelona. The building dates from the 13th century but underwent significant alterations between the 15th and 18th centuries. Between the 13th and 14th centuries the building belonged to various nobles of the Court of Aragon. It was purchased in 1386 by the bourgeois family Corominas-Desplà, who then sold it fourteen years later to Berenguer Aguilar, from which the palace is named. Later owners included several members of the Catalan bourgeoisie prior to the building's purchase by the City Council on 3 November 1953.
During a restoration made in 1960, the remains of a 13th-century painting were discovered while removing plaster from one of the rooms. Today this work is exhibited in the National Art Museum of Catalonia. A large fresco representing the conquest of Majorca in 1229, the work is made up of cauldrons and roses, which suggest that the palace belonged to the lineage Caldes and Desvalls. It depicts the central courtyard of the building during the 15th century, with an open staircase and a pointed Gotchic arch.
Palau Baró de Castellet
The Palau Baró de Castellet (Montcada, 17) is a palace from the medieval period. Built during the 13th century, it was owned by the Gerona family during the 15th century. Since then it has changed hands between the bourgeois and aristocratic families of Barcelona, having been remodeled during the 18th century. In 1797, the then owner (Mariano Alegre Aparici Amat) received the noble title of Baron Castle at the hands of King Charles IV, prompting the palace to receive its name. Upon the death of the Baron, the building was bequeathed to the Hospital of the Holy Cross, who rented it to different tenants until they sold it to the Rivers family. The City Council then purchased the building in the 1950s. The palace was built around a central courtyard and includes on its facade a relief from the 16th century that depicts religious themes. The interior's main floor is in the neo-classical style of the mid-18th century, including elements of marble and polychrome reliefs.
Palau Meca
The Palau Meca (Montcada, 19) was built between the 13th and 14th centuries and also underwent restoration during the 18th century. Similar to the other palaces, it contains a central courtyard. Highlights include the medieval polychrome coffered ceilings of the main floor as well as unique ceilings from the 19th century. In 1349, the property was owned by James Knight, then Minister of the City Council. Under the ownership of his grandson, Ramon Desplà Knight, it became the largest palace on the block. The building later became the property of the family of Cassador (or Hunter), Marquis of Ciutadilla. The first owner, Joseph Mecca Hunter gave the palace its current name. The next family to own it, the Milans, restored the building after it was badly damaged during the War of Spanish Succession. In 1901, the building was given to the Brothers of Christian Doctrine and (was installed Montepío of Santa Madrona.) Over time the Montepío integrated with a bank, who gave the building to the City Council on 5 December 1977. The Palace was reopened as part of the museum on 11 January 1982.
Casa Mauri
Casa Mauri (Montcada, 21) includes some structures that date from Roman times, when the space was occupied by the suburbs of Barcino. Of note is the unique wood facade, one of the few examples in Barcelona of the locking system typical of the 18th century. Between 1378 and 1516 the building was owned by the Rocha family and in 1716 it was owned by F. Casamada. During the 19th century several renovations were made. Under the owner Josep Vidal Torrents, the building was made to have industrial uses until it was bought by Mauri bakeries in 1943, the company that gave the building its name. In 1999 the building was acquired by Museu Picasso.
Palau Finestres
The Palau Finestres (Montcada, 23) was built on the foundations of a building dating to the 13th century and occupies a former Roman necropolis. Between 1363 and 1516 the area belonged to the Marimon family. In 1872, the owner of Casa Mauri, Jose Vidal Torres, bought the building in order to annex it to his home. The City acquired the building in 1970. There are arcades on the ground floor, added during the reforms of the fifteenth and 17th centuries. On the main floor, a coffered ceiling from the end of the 13th century have been restored. The building is currently used as exhibition space.
Knowledge and Research Center
The Knowledge and Research Center was opened on 17 February, a new building located in Plaza Sabartés that was designed by architect Jordi Garcés. The site aims to become an international landmark in the study of Picasso and his artistic and social context. Director Pepe Sierra explained that the space would be used for discussion, dialogue, and debate, rather than as a place of consumption. (The organization responsible for this is Silvia Domenech, commissioned between 1997 and 2007 of the Photographic Archive of Barcelona.)
Jordi Garcés, who already performed the previous expansion of the museum, designed the 1500 square meter building with a transparent glass facade protected by a cantilever. The building houses an educational center on the ground floor, with 4 multi-purpose spaces aimed at providing educational service for the museum. The first floor is devoted to the library, documentation center, and archives of the museum. The basement is devoted to visitor services. The construction began on 10 July 2009 and ended on 16 February 2011, costing 6.7 million.
The permanent collection
The permanent collection is organized into three sections: painting and drawing, engraving, and ceramics. These cover principally the early years of Picasso's artistic life, such as his Blue Period from 1901 to 1904, but Picasso, his family, and his friends would bequest or loan other later pieces as well. There are now more than 3,500 works making up the permanent collection of the museum.
The collection is organized into areas that include the early years (Málaga, Corunna and Barcelona, 1890–97), the training period (Barcelona, Horta de San Juan and Madrid, 1897–1901), the Blue Period (1901–04), works in Barcelona from 1917, and the entire Las Meninas (1957) series. Most of the paintings on display at the museum are from the period between 1890 and 1917, an important collection in regard to that portion of Picasso's life. The museum has very few paintings after 1917, with the exception of the Las Meninas, painted in 1957. The collection of lithographs comprises the years 1962 and 1982. Picasso himself gave the museum a copy of each of his works produced after the death of Sabartés in 1968. The collection also includes illustrations made by the artist for various books, as well as ceramics gifted to the museum by Picasso's widow, Jacqueline.
Between 2009 and 2010 the museum began making information on the permanent collection public on their website. As of October 2010, over 65% of the museum's collection was available to view online.
Exhibitions
The Picasso Museum has carried out dozens of exhibitions since it opened. Often, these exposures are related to the figure of the painter or topics related to their environment, trying to research and review the work and studies of the painter from Málaga. We have also held exhibitions on the relationship between Picasso and other artists as Picasso vs. Rusiñol held in 2010. Sometimes also organized a traveling exhibition, and Bullfighting. Paintings, drawings and prints in the collection of the Museu Picasso which could be seen at the Casa Lis in Salamanca in 2010. Also made small exhibition focused on one topic, called displays, such as analyzing the painting Science and Charity, the results of studies showing radiographic and reflectologia or another that analyzes a statement that was made about Picasso in Barcelona 1936, Room Esteva. Picasso Exhibition, 1936.
The Museu Picasso frequently hosts special exhibitions presenting artworks by Picasso and other artists. From time to time, the museum also organizes seminars and lectures on subjects related to Picasso or on museological issues of interest given by specialists from throughout the world.
Directors
Joan Ainaud Lasarte (1963–1966)
Rosa Maria Subirana (1966–1983)
Maria Teresa Ocaña (1983–2007)
Pepe Serra (2007–2011)
Bernardo Laniano Romero (2012-2016)
Emmanuel Guigon
See also
Musée Picasso (Paris)
Museo Picasso Málaga
List of single-artist museums
References
Museu Picasso
Art museums and galleries in Barcelona
Art museums established in 1963
Museu Picasso
Biographical museums in Spain
Museums devoted to one artist
Museu Picasso
Modern art museums in Spain |
4036354 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Know%20Your%20Sport | Know Your Sport | Know Your Sport is an Irish sports quiz show produced by RTÉ between 8 October 1987 and 1 April 1998. The show was presented by George Hamilton and featured Jimmy Magee and Mary Hogan as scorekeeper.
Rounds of questions included the "specialist subject", "great moment in sport", "mystery guest" and "buzzer" rounds.
In 2009 an appeal to re-introduce the show to RTÉ's schedule gathered support on networking website, Facebook.
Was on RTE Player September 2017 to tributes for the death of Jimmy Magee again from Christmas 2021 to celebrate 60 years of television.
References
1987 Irish television series debuts
1998 Irish television series endings
1980s Irish television series
1990s Irish television series
Irish quiz shows
Irish sports television series
RTÉ original programming |
4036355 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Black%20%28Methodist%29 | William Black (Methodist) | William Black (November 10, 1760 – September 8, 1834) was a Yorkshireman and founder of the Methodist congregation in colonial Nova Scotia.
Black's daughter married the merchant and politician John Alexander Barry, who was the son of Robert Barry, a prominent businessman and Methodist. His son, Martin Gay Black, became a prominent businessman and also furthered the Methodist cause in Nova Scotia.
References
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
William Black made Canadian Methodism
The John Rylands Library : Mr Wesley's Preachers : William Black
History of Nova Scotia : William Black
Biography by John Maclean
Memoir 1839
1760 births
1834 deaths
18th-century Methodist ministers
19th-century Methodist ministers
Canadian businesspeople
English businesspeople
English emigrants to pre-Confederation Nova Scotia
English Methodist ministers
Canadian Methodist ministers
People from Huddersfield
People from Cumberland County, Nova Scotia
Colony of Nova Scotia people
Methodist Church of Great Britain people
Clergy from Yorkshire |
4036356 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatio%20Spafford | Horatio Spafford | Horatio Gates Spafford (October 20, 1828, Troy, New York – October 16, 1888, Jerusalem) was a prominent American lawyer and Presbyterian church elder. He is best known for penning the Christian hymn It Is Well With My Soul following a family tragedy in which his four daughters died aboard the S.S. Ville du Havre on a transatlantic voyage.
Life
Spafford was the son of Gazetteer author Horatio Gates Spafford and Elizabeth Clark Hewitt Spafford.
On September 5, 1861, he married Anna Larsen of Stavanger, Norway, in Chicago. Spafford was a lawyer and a senior partner in a large law firm.
The Spaffords were supporters and friends of evangelist Dwight L. Moody.
Spafford invested in real estate north of Chicago in the spring of 1871. In October 1871, the Great Fire of Chicago reduced the city to ashes, destroying most of Spafford's investment.
Ville du Havre
Two years after the devastation of the Great Chicago Fire, the family planned a trip to Europe. Late business demands (zoning issues arising from the conflagration) kept Spafford from joining his wife and four daughters on a family vacation in England, where his friend D. L. Moody would be preaching.
On November 22, 1873, while crossing the Atlantic on the steamship Ville du Havre, the ship was struck by an iron sailing vessel, killing 226 people, including all four of Spafford's daughters: Annie, age 12; Maggie, 7; Bessie, 4; and an 18-month old baby. His wife, Anna, survived the tragedy. Upon arriving in Cardiff, Wales, she sent a telegram to Spafford that read "Saved alone." Shortly afterwards, as Spafford traveled to meet his grieving wife, he was inspired to write It Is Well with My Soul as his ship passed near where his daughters had died.
It Is Well with My Soul
The original manuscript has only four verses, but Spafford's daughter, Bertha Spafford Vester (author of Our Jerusalem: An American Family in the Holy City 1881-1949), who was born after the tragedy, said a verse was later added and the last line of the original song was modified.
The tune, written by Philip Bliss, was named after the ship on which Spafford's daughters died, Ville du Havre.
When peace, like a river, attendeth my way,
When sorrows like sea billows roll;
Whatever my lot, Thou hast taught me to say,
It is well, it is well with my soul.
(Refrain:) It is well (it is well),
with my soul (with my soul),
It is well, it is well with my soul.
Though Satan should buffet, though trials should come,
Let this blest assurance control,
That Christ hath regarded my helpless estate,
And hath shed His own blood for my soul.
(Refrain)
My sin, oh the bliss of this glorious thought!
My sin, not in part but the whole,
Is nailed to His cross, and I bear it no more,
Praise the Lord, praise the Lord, O my soul!
(Refrain)
For me, be it Christ, be it Christ hence to live:
If Jordan above me shall roll,
No pain shall be mine, for in death as in life
Thou wilt whisper Thy peace to my soul.
(Refrain)
And Lord haste the day, when the faith shall be sight,
The clouds be rolled back as a scroll;
The trump shall resound, and the Lord shall descend,
Even so, it is well with my soul.
(Refrain)
Later years
Following the sinking of the Ville du Havre, Anna gave birth to three children, Horatio Goertner (1877), Bertha Hedges (March 24, 1878), and Grace (January 18, 1881). On February 11, 1880, Horatio died of scarlet fever at age three. This final tragedy, after a decade of financial loss and personal grief accompanied by a lack of support from their church community, began Horatio's philosophical move away from material success toward a lifelong spiritual pilgrimage. Anna and Horatio Spafford soon left the Presbyterian congregation Horatio had helped build and hosted prayer meetings in their home. Their Messianic sect was dubbed "the Overcomers" by the American press.
In August 1881, the Spaffords went to Jerusalem as a party of 13 adults and three children to set up the American Colony. Colony members, joined by Swedish Christians, engaged in philanthropic work among the people of Jerusalem regardless of their religious affiliation and without proselytizing motives, gaining the trust of the local Muslim, Jewish, and Christian communities. The community required both single and married adherents to declare celibacy, and children were separated from their parents. Child labor was used in various business endeavors while in Jerusalem.
In Jerusalem, Horatio and Anna Spafford adopted a teenager, Jacob Eliahu (1864–1932), who was born in Ramallah into a Turkish Jewish family. As a schoolboy, Jacob Spafford discovered the Siloam inscription.
Death
Four days before his 60th birthday, Spafford died of malaria on October 16, 1888, and was buried in Mount Zion Cemetery in Jerusalem.
Legacy
At the Eastern front during and after World War I, and during the Armenian and Assyrian genocides, the American Colony supported the Muslim, Jewish, and Christian communities of Jerusalem by hosting soup kitchens, hospitals, and orphanages.
References
External links
SpaffordHymn.com : The original hymn manuscript penned by Horatio Spafford
Cyber Hymnal : Photos of Horatio Spafford and a MIDI file of the hymn
Elisabeth Elliot recalls tea with Horatio Spafford's daughter
Gospelcom.net
Christianity.ca : Many details on life of Spafford
The Library of Congress Exhibition covering the start of The American Colony in Jerusalem, the Spafford Family tragedy, their move to Jerusalem, their time in the Holy Land, and the American Colony at work
American Christian hymnwriters
American evangelicals
American Protestants
Writers from Troy, New York
Deaths from malaria
Burials at Mount Zion (Protestant)
1828 births
1888 deaths
19th-century American poets
American male poets
American emigrants to the Ottoman Empire
19th-century American male writers
American male non-fiction writers
19th-century American lawyers |
4036358 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radva%C5%88%20nad%20Dunajom | Radvaň nad Dunajom | Radvaň nad Dunajom (, ) is a municipality at the Danube in the Komárno District of the Nitra Region in Slovakia.
Etymology
The name is derived from the Slavic personal name Radovan.
History
In the 9th century, the territory of Radvaň nad Dunajom became part of the Kingdom of Hungary.
It was first mentioned as a village in 1260. The 1606 Peace of Zsitvatorok was signed in Žitavská Tôň, a small settlement near or identical with Žitava, which is now part of Radvaň nad Dunajom. After the Austro-Hungarian army disintegrated in November 1918, Czechoslovak troops occupied the area, later acknowledged internationally by the Treaty of Trianon. Between 1938 and 1945 Radvaň nad Dunajom once more became part of Miklós Horthy's Hungary through the First Vienna Award. From 1945 until the Velvet Divorce, it was part of Czechoslovakia. Since then it has been part of Slovakia.
Demographics
According to the census of 2001, the municipality has 91.46% Hungarian majority and 7.99% Slovak minority.
References
Villages and municipalities in the Komárno District
Populated places on the Danube
Hungarian communities in Slovakia |
4036366 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre%20Dame%20University%20College | Notre Dame University College | Notre Dame University College was a private university in Nelson, British Columbia, Canada.
It was established in 1950 by the Roman Catholic diocese of Nelson and opened with
twelve students. In 1951 Notre Dame became affiliated as a junior college with Gonzaga University in Spokane, Washington, United States, and in 1961 it became affiliated with St. Francis Xavier University in Antigonish, Nova Scotia. In 1963, it was chartered as a private four-year university by the Province of British Columbia. Shortly thereafter, it adopted the name Notre Dame University of Nelson (NDU).
At the height of its operation, it enrolled 2,000 students in a variety of academic disciplines. The university granted both Major B.A. Degrees, with intensive work in one subject area, and B.A. Degrees with Concentrations in two subject areas. It hosted a wide range of foreign students, including many from Hong Kong, Indonesia, and the United States.
Dr. Hugh L. Keenleyside, a noted Canadian civil servant and scholar, served as Chancellor and Chairman of the Board of Governors of Notre Dame University College from 1969 to 1977.
Prominent Faculty members included Dr. P.J. Micallef, Professor of Philosophy, a Laval scholar, and Dr. L.A.D. Morey, Professor of English, a former student of J.R.R. Tolkien at Oxford University, among many other highly regarded academicians. NDU served as the headquarters of the Canadian National Ski Team and embarked on a student-inspired scheme to finance a new student union building independently of university funds.
Although the University attracted sufficient numbers of students, it encountered financial difficulties, perhaps in part connected to internal strife - Notre Dame was the first university in Canada to endorse a faculty labour union. In 1976, at the request of the Notre Dame Board of Directors, the Province of British Columbia assumed control, renaming it the David Thompson University Centre and placing it under the administration of the University of Victoria. In spite of its local and regional popularity, the provincial government found the per-student cost too high and closed it in 1984.
Notable alumni
Don Cozzetto
Edward John
Andrew Petter
Sadeq Qotbzadeh
References
Defunct universities and colleges in Canada
Universities in British Columbia
Nelson, British Columbia
Educational institutions established in 1950
1950 establishments in British Columbia
Educational institutions disestablished in 1984
1984 disestablishments in British Columbia |
4036370 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian%20Voinea | Adrian Voinea | Adrian Voinea (born 6 August 1974) is a former Romanian tennis player who turned professional in 1993.
The right-hander won one singles title (1999, Bournemouth). Voinea was born in Focsani, Romania, but moved to Italy at age 15 to train with his older brother, Marian. His brother played a crucial role in developing his career. He was his tennis coach, mentor, support system, strategist and hitting partner.
Adrian reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 36 in April 1996. One year before he achieved his greatest success by advancing to the quarterfinals of the 1995 French Open as a qualifier, defeating Karol Kučera, Johan Van Herck, Boris Becker in the third round in four sets, and Andrei Chesnokov. Voinea defeated fifth-seeded Stefan Koubek in the final of the 1999 Brighton International in Bournemouth to win his only singles title at an ATP Tour event.
Between 1995 and 2003 Voinea played in 12 Davis Cup ties for the Romania Davis Cup team and compiled a record of 10 wins and eight losses, all of which were singles matches.
ATP career finals
Singles: 1 (1 title, 1 runner-up)
ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals
Singles: 7 (4–3)
Doubles: 1 (0–1)
Performance timeline
Singles
References
External links
1974 births
Living people
Romanian male tennis players
Romanian expatriates in Italy
Sportspeople from Focșani
Hopman Cup competitors |
4036372 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20W.%20Fowler | James W. Fowler | James William Fowler III (1940–2015) was an American theologian who was Professor of Theology and Human Development at Emory University. He was director of both the Center for Research on Faith and Moral Development, and the Center for Ethics until he retired in 2005. He was a minister in the United Methodist Church. Fowler is best known for his book Stages of Faith, published in 1981, in which he sought to develop the idea of a developmental process in "human faith".
Life and career
Fowler was born in Reidsville, North Carolina, on October 12, 1940, the son of a Methodist minister. In 1977, Fowler was appointed Associate Professor of Theology and Human Development at the Candler School of Theology at Emory University. He was later named Charles Howard Candler Professor of Theology and Human Development. He died on October 16, 2015.
Stages of faith
He is best known for his book Stages of Faith (1981), in which he sought to develop the idea of a developmental process in "human faith".
These stages of faith development were along the lines of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development and Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development.
In the book, Fowler describes 6 stages of development.
Description of the stages
Stage 0 – "Primal or Undifferentiated" faith (birth to 2 years), is characterized by an early learning of the safety of their environment (i.e. warm, safe and secure vs. hurt, neglect and abuse). If consistent nurture is experienced, one will develop a sense of trust and safety about the universe and the divine. Conversely, negative experiences will cause one to develop distrust about the universe and the divine. Transition to the next stage begins with integration of thought and language which facilitates the use of symbols in speech and play.
Stage 1 – "Intuitive-Projective" faith (ages of three to seven), is characterized by the psyche's unprotected exposure to the Unconscious, and marked by a relative fluidity of thought patterns. Religion is learned mainly through experiences, stories, images, and the people that one comes in contact with.
Stage 2 – "Mythic-Literal" faith (mostly in school children), is characterized by persons have a strong belief in the justice and reciprocity of the universe, and their deities are almost always anthropomorphic. During this time metaphors and symbolic language are often misunderstood and are taken literally.
Stage 3 – "Synthetic-Conventional" faith (arising in adolescence; aged 12 to adulthood), is characterized by conformity to authority and the religious development of a personal identity. Any conflicts with one's beliefs are ignored at this stage due to the fear of threat from inconsistencies.
Stage 4 – "Individuative-Reflective" faith (usually mid-twenties to late thirties), is a stage of angst and struggle. The individual takes personal responsibility for his or her beliefs and feelings. As one is able to reflect on one's own beliefs, there is an openness to a new complexity of faith, but this also increases the awareness of conflicts in one's belief.
Stage 5 – "Conjunctive" faith (mid-life crisis), acknowledges paradox and transcendence relating reality behind the symbols of inherited systems. The individual resolves conflicts from previous stages by a complex understanding of a multidimensional, interdependent "truth" that cannot be explained by any particular statement.
Stage 6 – "Universalizing" faith, or what some might call "enlightenment". The individual would treat any person with compassion as he or she views people as from a universal community, and should be treated with universal principles of love and justice.
Empirical research
Fowler's model has inspired a considerable body of empirical research into faith development, although little of such research was ever conducted by Fowler himself. A useful tool here has been Gary Leak's Faith Development Scale, or FDS, which has been subject to factor analysis by Leak.
For criticism see Developmental approaches to religion.
Publications
Stages of Faith: The Psychology of Human Development and the Quest for Meaning (1981)
Becoming Adult, Becoming Christian: Adult Development and Christian Faith (1984) (revised 1999 )
To See the Kingdom: The Theological Vision of H. Richard Niebuhr (1974),
Faith Development and Pastoral Care (1987)
Weaving the New Creation: Stages of Faith and the Public Church (1991)
Faithful Change: The Personal and Public Challenges of Postmodern Life (1996)
See also
Jean Piaget, Theory of cognitive development
Erik Erikson, Erikson's stages of psychosocial development
Lawrence Kohlberg, Kohlberg's stages of moral development
Developmental psychology
Developmental stage theories
Psychology of religion
Integral theory (Ken Wilber)
References
Footnotes
Bibliography
Further reading
External links
James W.Fowler page at Emory Center for Ethics
A synopsis of Fowler's Stages of Faith Consciousness
Craig R. Dykstra "Transformation in Faith and Morals" Theology Today 39(1)
James Fowler's Stages of Faith in Profile
2015 deaths
American psychologists
Emory University faculty
Writers from Georgia (U.S. state)
1940 births
Psychologists of religion
Stage theories
American United Methodist clergy |
4036373 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adamantisaurus | Adamantisaurus | Adamantisaurus ( ) is a poorly-known genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period of what is now South America. It is only known from six tail vertebrae but, as a sauropod, it can be assumed that this dinosaur was a very large animal with a long neck and tail.
Like many titanosaurians, Adamantisaurus is incompletely known, making its exact relationships difficult to establish. However, similarities have been noted with Aeolosaurus and the Bauru Group titanosaurian formerly known as the "Peiropolis titanosaur", now called Trigonosaurus.
Description
As Adamantisaurus mezzalirai is only known from the anterior portion of the tail, relatively little is known about the anatomy of this species. It was probably a medium-sized titanosaur. In 2010 Gregory S. Paul estimated it to be roughly 13 meters (43 ft) long and 5 tonnes (5.5 short tons) in weight . However, in 2020 Molina-Pérez and Larramendi gave a larger estimation of 18 meters (60 ft) and 14.4 tonnes (15.8 short tons).
Discovery and naming
Although this animal's remains were first mentioned in print in 1959, it was not named until the description written by Brazilian paleontologists Rodrigo Santucci and Reinaldo Bertini in 2006. It was the first dinosaur named in that year. The type specimen, the only material known of the genus, consists of the second through seventh caudal vertebrae and two chevrons.
Adamantisaurus is currently known only from the Adamantina Formation of Brazil. The Adamantina Formation is part of the Bauru Group of geologic formations. The stratigraphy and exact age of the Bauru Group is still unsettled, but the Adamantina probably occurs somewhere between the Turonian through early Maastrichtian stages of the Late Cretaceous Period (93 to 70 million years ago). Adamantisaurus shares the Adamantina with fellow titanosaurian, Gondwanatitan.
Adamantisaurus is named after the Adamantina Formation in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, where the fossil was found and also incorporates the Greek word sauros meaning 'lizard', the most common suffix used in dinosaur names. The type and only species, Adamantisaurus mezzalirai is named in honor of Sérgio Mezzalira, the Brazilian geologist who originally found the specimen and first mentioned it in print.
Classification
The phylogenetic relationship of Adamantisaurus has yet to be rigorously tested. However, it appears to be more derived than Malawisaurus based on the ball-and-socket articulation of the caudal vertebrae. All titanosaurs at least as derived as Malawisaurus are members of the clade Lithostrotia. Within that clade, however, its relationships are unclear. Adamantisaurus resembles Aeolosaurus, a close relative of its contemporary Gondwanatitan, in some respects. Adamantisaurus cannot be directly compared to Brasilotitan, another genus found in the Adamantina Formation.
References
Further reading
[In Portuguese]
Powell, J.E. 1987. Morfológia del esqueleto axial de los dinossaurios titanosáuridos (Saurischia, Sauropoda) del Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. In Anais X Congresso Brasileiro de Paleontologia, Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro: Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia. Pp. 155–171. [In Spanish]
Lithostrotians
Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of South America
Campanian life
Maastrichtian life
Cretaceous Brazil
Fossils of Brazil
Adamantina Formation
Fossil taxa described in 2006 |
4036386 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlayNetwork | PlayNetwork | PlayNetwork, Inc. is a provider of in-store music and entertainment for retail, restaurant, and hospitality environments.
PlayNetwork, an Octave Group company, is backed by Searchlight Capital.
History
The company was founded by Kevin Robell in 1996. As a music programmer for the Tom Selleck-owned nightclub Black Orchid in Honolulu, HI during the 80s, Kevin noticed "the synergetic relationship between customers, music, and their environment"; He went on to establish PlayNetwork in Seattle with brother Gordon Robell as a digital music provider for businesses.
In 1996, Adam Brotman, who was a consultant to Kevin Robell, became CEO. Adam went on to become Starbucks’ Chief Digital Officer in 2009.
In 1998, PlayNetwork began a partnership with Starbucks to provide digital music systems and service to over 1,800 retail locations in North America. By 2001, the company was providing services to more than 3,500 international locations.
In 2003, PlayNetwork is named one of the Inc. 500 Fastest Growing Private Companies.
In 2005, Executive Chairman of the Board, Lon Troxel is appointed as CEO. PlayNetwork acquires Crows Nest Entertainment (digital signage and advertising). PlayNetwork is named one of the Deloitte Technology Fast 500.
In 2009, PlayNetwork acquires custom in-store television network developer Channel M.
In 2013, offices in London and Hong Kong open.
In May 2017, PlayNetwork merged with TouchTunes Interactive Network and the combined company's headquarters was reported to be located at New York City and Seattle.
International expansion
PlayNetwork continues to expand internationally with the opening of office locations in London and Hong Kong, with an additional office in Santiago, Chile in 2014.
References
Companies based in Redmond, Washington
Companies established in 1996
Industrial music services |
4036392 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Norbert%20Blanchet | François Norbert Blanchet | François Norbert Blanchet (September 30, 1795 – June 18, 1883) was a French Canadian-born missionary priest and prelate of the Catholic Church who was instrumental in establishing the Catholic Church presence in the Pacific Northwest. He was one of the first Catholic priests to arrive in what was then known as the Oregon Country and subsequently became the first bishop and archbishop of the Archdiocese of Oregon City (now known as the Archdiocese of Portland in Oregon).
Early life and priesthood
François Norbert Blanchet was born near Saint-Pierre-de-la-Rivière-du-Sud in Lower Canada (present-day Quebec). Along with his younger brother Augustin-Magloire Blanchet, he entered the Seminary of Quebec and was ordained a priest in 1819. Blanchet spent a year working at the cathedral in Quebec before being sent to do missionary work with the Micmac and Acadian people in present-day New Brunswick. To be able to preach to the local Irish, Blanchet became fluent in English. In 1827 he was summoned back to Montreal and became a pastor.
Missionary work and episcopal career
In the 1830s, John McLoughlin sent letters from French Canadian Catholic employees of the Hudson's Bay Company requesting from bishop Provencher of the Red River colony to send priests to what was then known as the Oregon Country. Bishop Provencher originally suggested that priests be sent to the Willamette Valley but the Hudson's Bay Company pressed for the considered mission to be on the Cowlitz River, north of the Columbia River. Blanchet was appointed the Vicar General of the Oregon Country, with fellow priest Modeste Demers to aid in the missionary efforts. The missionaries were instructed by Archbishop Joseph Signay of Quebec: "In order to make yourselves sooner useful to the natives... you will apply yourselves... to the study of the Indian languages... so as to be able to publish a grammar after some of your residence there." The two priests along with nuns and lay people departed from Quebec on May 3, 1838, and traveled along the York Factory Express.
Arriving on 18 November at Fort Nez Percés, a Hudson's Bay Company fur trade outpost located in the present state of Washington, Blanchet celebrated Masses and baptized three Roman Catholic converts. In November of that year, they arrived at Fort Vancouver in present-day Vancouver, Washington. A delegation composed of French-Canadians from the Willamette Valley composed of Pierre Belleque, Joseph Gervais and Étienne Lucier were present to greet them. During their winter stay at the Fort, the priests held services in Chinook Jargon with Klickitats in attendance. Blanchet and Demers held Masses in various buildings within the fort, and Catholics often had to share worship space with Protestants, an arrangement that did not please either group.
Beginning on January 3, 1839, Blanchet, with Belleque and Lucier, went to the French Prairie farms maintained by the French-Canadians. The first Catholic Mass south of the Columbia river (in the Oregon Country) was celebrated at the St. Paul church on January 6, where Blanchet remained for five weeks. During his second visit in March 1839 to Cowlitz to visually explain basic Catholic religious concepts, Blanchet created the "Sahale stick" or stick from God in Chinook Jargon. This was later made more complex with the use of cloth, to allow for additional representations. The use of the Sahale stick was later adopted by Methodists and Presbyterians like Daniel Lee and Henry H. Spalding.
Blanchet was the first non-Native American to make an overnight stay on Whidbey Island in May 1840, where he offered Mass for several tribes at an outdoor altar; he had been invited by Chief Tslalakum. The chief presented him with a huge wooden cross (24 feet long) and by 1841 the inhabitants were building a log church in the same area. Blanchet stayed on the island for nearly a year.
In February 1841 several gatherings were convened to determine the fate of recently deceased Ewing Young's estate, the first of the Champoeg Meetings which two years later saw formation of the Provisional Government of Oregon. Jason Lee as chairman of the first meeting on the 17th proposed that a Willamette Valley-based settler government be formed. Included in the considered government was the position of governor, which led Blanchet to counter propose a political system with a judge as the highest authority. During the subsequent meeting held at David Leslie's home near Champoeg on the next day Blanchet was selected to chair a committee to draft the laws of government. Blanchet was still opposed to the contemplated political structure, and six months later asked for a reprieve of his duties.
On December 1, 1843, the Vatican under Pope Gregory XVI established the Vicariate Apostolic of the Oregon Territory, and named Blanchet its vicar apostolic. With no bishops out west to consecrate him, Blanchet had to journey home to Quebec to be consecrated a bishop. He began his journey for Canada in December 1844, boarded a steamer on the Columbia River, touched at Honolulu, Hawaii doubled Cape Horn, landed at Dover, England, went by rail to Liverpool, took a vessel to Boston, Massachusetts, and finally proceeded by rail to Montreal, a journey of 22,000 miles. Blanchet was consecrated a bishop on July 25, 1845 by Archbishop Ignace Bourget at Mary, Queen of the World Cathedral in Montréal.
Then on July 24, 1846, the Vatican under Pope Pius IX divided the vicariate apostolic into three dioceses: Oregon City, Vancouver Island, and Walla Walla. Blanchet was named Bishop of Oregon City, while Demers was named Bishop of Vancouver Island and Augustin Blanchet Bishop of Walla Walla. The Diocese of Oregon City was elevated to an archdiocese on July 29, 1850, and François Blanchet was elevated to archbishop.
He retired in 1880; retaining the title of archbishop, he was named to a titular see, in the practice of that time. He died in 1883 and is interred at St. Paul Cemetery in St. Paul, Oregon.
François’s brother was Augustin-Magloire Blanchet, who was the Bishop of Walla Walla until 1850 and then the Bishop of the Diocese of Nesqually, which later became the Diocese of Seattle.
Legacy
In 1995, the Archdiocese of Portland approved the plan to build a Catholic secondary school in Salem, Oregon, under the condition the school be named Blanchet. Blanchet Catholic School opened in 1995.
See also
St. Paul Roman Catholic Church (St. Paul, Oregon)
Pierre-Jean De Smet
References
External links
François Norbert Blanchet: Catholic Encyclopedia
Missionaries Blanchet and Demers reach Oregon
1795 births
1883 deaths
Champoeg Meetings
Roman Catholic archbishops of Oregon City
19th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the United States
Pre-Confederation Canadian emigrants to the United States
American people of Québécois descent
Oregon Country
Oregon pioneers
Canadian Roman Catholic missionaries
Participants in the First Vatican Council
Roman Catholic missionaries in the United States |
4036394 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drew%20Fraser | Drew Fraser | Andrew William Fraser (also known as Drew Fraser, born 1944) is a Canadian-born academic and was an associate professor in the Department of Public Law at Macquarie University in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Fraser holds a BA (Hons) and an LLB from Queen's University, an LLM from Harvard University, and an MA from the University of North Carolina. His most recent book is The WASP Question (2011).
Academic career
Fraser studied advanced constitutional law at Harvard Law School. He taught American constitutional history at Macquarie University in Sydney until 2005.
Views
Non-white immigration and multiculturalism
In July 2005, Fraser received national attention in Australia with a letter to his local newspaper, signed with his academic title, in which he claimed that importing Sudanese refugees threatened to turn Australia into "a colony of the Third World" and "Experience everywhere in the world shows us that an expanding black population is a sure-fire recipe for increases in crime, violence and other social problems".
Macquarie University responded that it distanced itself from Fraser's remarks, but backed the right of academics to say what they wish in a responsible way. The acting vice-chancellor, John Loxton, stated there was no place for racism at the university, but it "recognises and protects academic freedom as essential to the conduct of teaching, research and scholarship".
Fraser was accused of being affiliated with White Supremacist groups, including the Patriotic Youth League (PYL), by the anti-racist group FightDemBack. Although both he and the PYL initially denied any connection, Fraser admitted he had attended PYL meetings and signed up to the PYL website after video footage of a PYL member describing him as an official legal adviser surfaced.
Following an outcry from Sydney's Sudanese community, Macquarie University Vice-Chancellor Dianne Yerbury on 29 July 2005 decided to suspend Fraser from teaching any further at the campus on the grounds that the race debate was "threatening to spill over into the classroom" and was "affecting the university's ability to operate effectively."
Macquarie University offered to pay out the final year of his contract but Fraser declined, describing the offer as a "dishonorable discharge".
On this incident, Fraser wrote:
Truth is no longer a defence when it comes to charges of academic deviance. Instead of an invitation to debate the issues, the Vice-Chancellor's office sought to get me off campus as soon as possible by offering to buy out my contract. The head of Human Resources made it clear to me that my public comments were damaging their efforts to market Macquarie University to foreign students.
When I refused the offer on the grounds that it amounted to a dishonourable discharge, VC Di Yerbury, ordered that I be suspended from teaching. This was justified on the specious grounds that the safety of students supposedly had been threatened by, among others, my supporters! For what must be the first time in academic history, alleged threats by outsiders to disrupt classes were met, not by tightening security to deal with the disrupters, but by getting rid of the disruptee.
In August 2005, more than 300 Macquarie University staff and students attended a forum on racism and free speech, at which Fraser (as well as Sudanese community and University members) was allowed to put his views from the floor.
Fraser's suspension ended in mid-2006, when an early-retirement package took effect.
In September 2005, Fraser wrote an article advocating a return of the White Australia Policy, entitled "Rethinking the White Australia Policy". The article was set to be published in the law journal of Deakin University, but the university directed the journal not to publish it. "Rethinking the White Australia Policy" has since been published and circulated across the internet.
A complaint from the Sydney Sudanese community about the original newspaper letter was upheld on 31 March 2006 by the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, on whose direction Fraser reluctantly apologised for his remarks.
Fraser addressed the American Renaissance Conference in February 2006, alongside speakers such as Nick Griffin of the British National Party and Professor J. Philippe Rushton. This was followed up later in the year with appearances at the Inverell political forum in March and at the Sydney Forum in August alongside speakers who included Jim Saleam of the Australia First Party.
Freedom of speech in Australia
In an article for Alternative Right entitled "The Cult of "The Other"", Fraser warned that academic freedom was being stifled in Australian universities. He wrote:
Academic freedom in Australia is dying before our eyes; another sacrifice performed in the now holy name of "The Other." In the universities, as elsewhere, public criticism of privileged minorities must walk a shaky legal tightrope... Unfortunately, in a mass-mediated wasteland of intellectual cowardice and political conformity, Australian universities are not an oasis of dissent. If my experience as a teacher, scholar, and, more recently, a first-year theology student is a reliable guide, academia is utterly hostile to free thought and frank discussion on race, ethnicity, and gender.
Writings
Fraser has written numerous articles on ethno-nationalist topics for publications such as VDARE, Alternative Right, and The Occidental Observer.
In 2011 Fraser published The WASP Question, in which he examined the failure of Anglo-Saxon peoples in North America, Australia and elsewhere to defend their ethnic identity and interests in the postmodern, multicultural age.
In The WASP Question, Fraser writes:
The defining characteristic of WASPs White Anglo-Saxon Protestants] is that they are much less ethnocentric than other peoples; indeed for all practical purposes Anglo-Saxon Protestants appear to be all but completely bereft of in-group solidarity. They are therefore open to exploitation by free-riders from other, more ethnocentric, groups. It seems unlikely that nominally Americanized Changs, Singhs, and Gonzales are as committed in a practical sense to the anti-discrimination principle as Anglo-Saxon individualists. There is no shortage of evidence to suggest that the Changs, the Gonzales and the Singhs (not to mention the Goldmans with their well-known animus toward WASPs) still practice forms of ethnic nepotism strictly forbidden to Anglo-Protestants.
In these circumstances, an interesting question arises: are contemporary WASPs entitled to recognition as an historic people? If not, why not?
Selected works
Books
The Spirit of the Laws: Republicanism and the Unfinished Project of Modernity (1990)
Reinventing Aristocracy: The Constitutional Reformation of Corporate Governance (1998)
The WASP Question: An Essay on the Biocultural Evolution, Present Predicament, and Future Prospects of the Invisible Race (2011)
Dissident Dispatches: An Alt-Right Guide to Christian Theology (2017)
Articles
"Reinventing a Ruling Class". TELOS 128 (Summer 2004). New York: Telos Press
"Monarchs and Miracles: Australia's Need for a Patriot King". The Occidental Quarterly 5(1) (Spring 2005). Atlanta, GA: Charles Martel Society
References
External links
FightDemBack's archive of material pertaining to Fraser
1944 births
Macquarie University faculty
Queen's University at Kingston alumni
Harvard Law School alumni
University of South Carolina alumni
Living people
Canadian emigrants to Australia |
4036395 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kri%C5%A1j%C4%81nis%20Valdem%C4%81rs | Krišjānis Valdemārs | Krišjānis Valdemārs (in Germanized spelling as Christian Waldemar or Woldemar) (2 December 1825 at Vecjunkuri in Ārlava parish (now Valdgale parish, Courland, Latvia) – 7 December 1891 in Moscow, Russia) was a writer, editor, educator, politician, lexicographer, folklorist and economist, the spiritual leader of The First Latvian National Awakening and the most prominent member of the Young Latvians movement.
Biography
Krišjānis Valdemārs was born on 2 December 825 at Vecjunkuri homestead, Ārlava parish (now Valdgale parish, Courland, Latvia). He was the son of a Lutheran curate Mārtiņš Valdemārs. He graduated from local parish school and worked as a teacher in Sasmaka (now named Valdemārpils in his honor). Later he worked as a parish secretary in Rundāle and Ēdole parish.
In 1854 he graduated from gymnasium in Liepāja and started his studies at the University of Tartu (then Dorpat). His main subject and interest were economics. While studying there he became known with the first public declaration of Latvian nationality. He affixed a visiting card to his door that read "C. Woldemar stud. cam. Latweetis." At the time, it was almost unheard of for an educated person to call himself a Latvian; education meant Germanisation, and Valdemārs' act has been compared with Martin Luther's posting of the 95 Theses at the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg in its importance for the birth of Latvian nationalism. Valdemārs is seen as the spiritual father of the First Awakening. With Juris Alunāns, he led Latvian student gatherings while in Tartu and advocated the study of folklore.
After graduation in 1858 he moved to St Petersburg and worked as a clerk in Ministry of Finance. Also he was a correspondent in local German-language newspaper St. Petersburgische Zeitung.
In 1862 he became editor and main publisher of the Latvian newspaper Pēterburgas Avīzes which was hitherto the most radical Latvian newspaper. It strongly opposed Baltic German rule and the remnants of feudalism in Baltic provinces. The newspaper became the main platform for Young Latvian ideas. It was closed by the Russian authorities in 1865.
In 1864 Valdemārs helped establish the first Latvian naval school in Ainaži as a way of making Latvians rich. At its opening he uttered the famous phrase "Brauciet, latvji, jūriņā, krājiet zeltu pūriņā!" (Latvians, sail the seas, stuff your dowry with gold). Many other Latvian naval schools was established during the next years in the coastal towns of Latvia. It had big influence on local economy and culture because hundreds of Latvian peasant sons had a chance to get education for free and become captains or steersmen. It led to the "Age of Sailors" in Latvia as active shipbuilding started in coastal towns and villages and those Latvian-built, Latvian-owned and -crewed ships became the first national merchant fleet which was even involved in trans-Atlantic voyages.
Valdemārs published a Latvian-Russian-German dictionary in 1879.
In later life Valdemārs was mostly involved in polemics with Baltic Germans, popularized seafaring and edited the first Latvian naval dictionary.
Valdemārs died on 7 December 1891 in Moscow. He is buried in Riga's Great Cemetery. One of the main streets in Riga is named after him.
References
1825 births
1891 deaths
People from Talsi Municipality
People from Courland Governorate
Latvian writers
Latvian politicians
19th-century Latvian people
19th-century Russian writers
Politicians of the Russian Empire
University of Tartu alumni
19th-century Latvian politicians |
4036400 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lex%20Calatrava | Álex Calatrava | Alex Patricio Calatrava (born 14 June 1973) is a former tour tennis player from Spain, who turned professional in 1993. The right-hander won one singles title (2000, San Marino). He reached his highest ATP singles ranking of World No. 44 in February 2001.
Tennis career
Calatrava defeated up and coming British star Alex Bogdanovic in five sets at 2004 US Open.
In July 2005 Calatrava was beaten by 18-year old Novak Djokovic. The Serb dispatched Calatrava in straight sets at the Umag tournament in Croatia.
Personal
Calatrava was born in Germany while his parents lived there, returning to Spain live in 1980. His Spanish father, José, met his French mother, Gabrielle, while working Germany. Calatrava's uncle is the renowned architect Santiago Calatrava.
Calatrava lived in California from 1989 to 1991 and attended a high school for one year in Palm Springs. He also lived a year in Indian Wells under the guidance of Spanish coach José Higueras. He was the number one ranked junior player in California in 1991.
ATP career finals
Singles: 3 (1 title, 2 runner-ups)
Doubles: 1 (1 runner-up)
ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals
Singles: 9 (4–5)
Doubles: 7 (2–5)
Performance timeline
Singles
References
External links
Calatrava eased out by Djokovic
1973 births
Living people
Tennis players from Cologne
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Spanish male tennis players
Spanish people of French descent |
4036406 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana%20Rail%20Road | Indiana Rail Road | The Indiana Rail Road is a United States Class II railroad, originally operating over former Illinois Central Railroad trackage from Newton, Illinois, to Indianapolis, Indiana, a distance of . This line, now known as the Indiana Rail Road's Indianapolis Subdivision, comprises most of the former IC/ICG line from Indianapolis to Effingham, Illinois; Illinois Central successor Canadian National Railway retains the portion from Newton to Effingham. INRD also owns a former Milwaukee Road line from Terre Haute, Indiana, to Burns City, Indiana (site of the Crane Naval Surface Warfare Center), with trackage rights extending to Chicago, Illinois. INRD no longer serves Louisville, Kentucky, and the Port of Indiana on the Ohio River at Jeffersonville, Indiana, through a haulage agreement with the Louisville & Indiana Railroad (LIRC).
Overview
The company was formed in 1986 by entrepreneur Thomas Hoback, who retired as president and chief executive officer in 2015. CSX Transportation now owns a majority interest in the parent company. The company's executive and administrative offices are located in downtown Indianapolis.
In May 2006, INRD completed the purchase of the Canadian Pacific Railway line from Terre Haute to Bedford, Indiana, the former Milwaukee Road/Soo Line Railroad Latta Subdivision, now known as INRD's Chicago Subdivision, which crosses the Indianapolis Subdivision at grade at Linton, Indiana. The former Latta Sub was isolated from the rest of the CPR, and was reached from Chicago via trackage rights over CSX Transportation's former Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad line; further trackage rights over CSX's former Monon from Bedford to Louisville, Kentucky (negotiated as part of the Monon's merger with CSX predecessor Louisville and Nashville Railroad in 1971) allowed the CPR access into the Bluegrass State. These trackage rights were transferred to the Indiana Rail Road as part of the sale, bringing INRD's total route structure to approximately . The company also operates the remnants of the Monon Railroad in and around Bloomington, Indiana, and has trackage rights over other lines in and around Indianapolis, with a classification yard, shops and main transloading facility located on the city's near south side at the Senate Avenue Terminal (between I-70 and the Indianapolis Union Railway's Belt Line). Additional INRD classification yards are located at Palestine, Illinois, and Jasonville, Indiana. The latter facility, known as Hiawatha (in tribute to original owner Milwaukee Road's crack passenger trains) is also home to the main locomotive servicing facility.
The INRD primarily hauls coal from Indiana mines to electric generating plants along the line. Appliances, grain, plastics, aggregates and food products comprise other freight hauled. Major customers include Indianapolis Power & Light, Ameren, Hoosier Energy, Duke Energy, Lincoland AgriEnergy (ethanol), Marathon Oil, Hershey Foods, General Electric, Mont Eagle Mills, PolyOne Corporation, Bemis Plastics. On March 18, 2009, the railroad announced that it would build a new rail spur in Sullivan County, Indiana, for the new Bear Run coal mine. Bear Run is being developed by Peabody Coal and is expected to produce more than 8 million tons annually.
Long abandoned and now removed was a connection to Union Station. Tracks once ran between Senate Avenue (originally known as Mississippi Street) and Missouri Street north from this terminal's location through the present-day site of Lucas Oil Stadium. A remnant of this connection can still be noted today in the unusual height of I-70's overpass above West and Missouri streets, which when the freeway was built in the early 1970s had to also pass over the once active rail line.
Routes
The Soo Line Railroad abandoned a section of the line between Bedford and Seymour, Indiana, as soon as they took over the Milwaukee Road in 1986. The Canadian Pacific Railway operated on the Chicago–Bedford line from their acquisition of the Soo Line until 2006, when they spun it off to the Indiana Rail Road company. On December 18, 2009, it was decided to cut the southern part of that line even more, as they are abandoning between Bedford and Crane, a total distance of .
Intermodal terminal
The Indiana Rail Road operates the Senate Avenue Intermodal Terminal, located southwest of downtown Indianapolis. In cooperation with the Canadian National Railway, it provides container service between Indianapolis and Canada's Pacific ports of Vancouver and Prince Rupert, for connection with trans-Pacific shipping. Opened in 2013, the terminal moved 1,450 containers during its first year of operations. In the fall of 2021, it was expected that the terminal would move over 40,000 containers during the year. An expansion project started in 2021, and is expected to be completed in 2023.
Locomotive roster
References
External links
Indiana Rail Road – Official Website
Indiana Rail Road Railfan Page – Unofficial Informational Website
Indiana railroads
Illinois railroads
Kentucky railroads
CSX Transportation
Regional railroads in the United States
Spin-offs of the Illinois Central Gulf Railroad
Railway companies established in 1986
Companies operating former Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad lines
Companies operating former Illinois Central Railroad lines
Companies operating former Monon Railroad lines
Companies operating former New York Central Railroad lines
Companies operating former New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad lines
1986 establishments in Indiana
American companies established in 1986 |
4036413 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martina%20Schild | Martina Schild | Martina Schild (born 26 October 1981, in Brienz) is a Swiss alpine skier competing in downhill and super-G.
At the 2006 Winter Olympics, she won the silver medal in the women's downhill. She placed 6th in the women's super-G.
She is the granddaughter of skier Hedy Schlunegger (1923–2003), who was the Olympic downhill champion of 1948.
World Cup victories
References
External links
1981 births
Swiss female alpine skiers
Alpine skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Olympic alpine skiers of Switzerland
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Olympic medalists in alpine skiing
Olympic silver medalists for Switzerland
People from Brienz
Living people
Sportspeople from the canton of Bern |
4036415 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin%20Arnott%20%28cricketer%29 | Kevin Arnott (cricketer) | Kevin John Arnott (born 8 March 1961) is a former Zimbabwe cricketer who played in four Test matches and 13 One Day Internationals from 1987 to 1993. He was the first Zimbabwean to face a ball in Test cricket, and the second to make a Test century. His highest score in a Test innings was 101 not out made against New Zealand at Bulawayo in 1992.
He appeared in both the World Cup tournaments in 1987 and 1992. His father, Don, played first-class cricket Rhodesia during the 1950s. He is a past pupil of Prince Edward School, Harare and graduated from Cape Town University. He is the first Test cap for Zimbabwe.
After his cricket career, Arnott became a lawyer in Harare.
References
1961 births
Living people
Cricketers from Harare
Zimbabwean cricketers
White Zimbabwean people
Cricketers at the 1987 Cricket World Cup
Cricketers at the 1992 Cricket World Cup
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers |
4036416 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FK%20Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav | FK Mladá Boleslav | FK Mladá Boleslav is a Czech football club based in the city of Mladá Boleslav . The club currently plays in the Czech First League.
Mladá Boleslav were runners up in the 2005–06 Czech First League and went on to play in the 2006–07 UEFA Champions League, winning their opening tie against Vålerenga although they were eliminated in the third qualifying round by Galatasaray. The club won the Czech Cup in 2011 and qualified for the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League, although they were defeated over two legs by AEK Larnaca.
History
Recent times
The team was promoted to Czech First League for the first time in its history in 2004 and in their first top-flight season fought against relegation, eventually finishing in 14th place. The club's greatest success was achieved in the 2005–06 season, as they finished runners-up in the Czech First League, earning a place in the qualifying rounds of the UEFA Champions League. They came through their first tie, defeating Vålerenga (3–1 and 2–2), then lost against Galatasaray (2–5 away, 1–1 home), dropping into the UEFA Cup first round. The club went on to achieve a surprising 4–3 aggregate victory over Marseille (1st leg: 0–1, 2nd leg 4–2). However, the team was eliminated after reaching the group stage, taking just 3 points from 4 matches (Panathinaikos 0–1, Hapoel Tel Aviv 1–1, Paris Saint-Germain 0–0, Rapid București 1–1).
The following season, the club qualified directly for the first round of the UEFA Cup after finishing 3rd in the league. (Luboš Pecka was the top goalscorer in the league that year.) Qualification for the group stage was only narrowly secured by beating Palermo 4–2 on penalties after a nail biting 1–1 aggregate scoreline. On the verge of being eliminated with the score reading 1–0 Palermo, (with their goal in the first leg still standing) in the 2nd leg, Tomáš Sedláček scored the winner in the 2nd leg with only seconds to spare. In their group Mladá Boleslav defeated IF Elfsborg 3–1, but again failed to reach the knockout stages of the competition after losing matches against Villarreal 1–2, AEK Athens 0–1 and Fiorentina 1–2. The club subsequently achieved a 7th place league finish in the 2007–08 season, missing out on European qualification.
The major sponsor of the club is Škoda Auto.
Historical names
1902 – SSK Mladá Boleslav (Studentský sportovní klub Mladá Boleslav)
1910 – Mladoboleslavský SK (Mladoboleslavský Sportovní klub)
1919 – Aston Villa Mladá Boleslav
1948 – Sokol Aston Villa Mladá Boleslav
1949 – ZSJ AZNP Mladá Boleslav (Základní sportovní jednota Automobilové závody národní podnik Mladá Boleslav) – merged with Sokol Slavoj Mladá Boleslav and Sokol Meteor Čejetičky
1950 – merged with Sokol Mladoboleslavský
1959 – TJ Spartak Mladá Boleslav AZNP (Tělovýchovná jednota Spartak Mladá Boleslav Automobilové závody národní podnik)
1965 – TJ Škoda Mladá Boleslav (Tělovýchovná jednota Škoda Mladá Boleslav)
1971 – TJ AŠ Mladá Boleslav (Tělovýchovná jednota Auto Škoda Mladá Boleslav)
1990 – FK Mladá Boleslav (Fotbalový klub Mladá Boleslav)
1992 – FK Slavia Mladá Boleslav (Fotbalový klub Slavia Mladá Boleslav)
1994 – FK Bohemians Mladá Boleslav (Fotbalový klub Bohemians Mladá Boleslav)
1995 – FK Mladá Boleslav (Fotbalový klub Mladá Boleslav)
Players
Current squad
.
Out on loan
Notable former players
Player records in the Czech First League
.
Highlighted players are in the current squad.
Most appearances
Most goals
Most clean sheets
Current technical staff
Technical director: Jiří Plíšek
Assistant coaches: Boris Kočí, Marek Kulič
Goalkeeping coach: Oldřich Pařízek
Managers
Karel Stanner (1996–01)
Vlastimil Petržela (2002)
Martin Pulpit (2002–04)
Milan Bokša (2004)
Dušan Uhrin, Jr. (July 2004 – June 2007)
Zdeněk Ščasný (Sep 2007 – March 2008)
Karel Stanner (March 2008 – June 2008)
Pavel Hapal (June 2008 – June 2009)
Dušan Uhrin, Jr. (July 2009 – Dec 2009)
Karel Stanner (Jan 2010 – May 2011)
Miroslav Koubek (July 2011 – Sept 2012)
Ladislav Minář (Sep 2012 – Jan 2014)
Karel Jarolím (Jan 2014 – Aug 2016)
Leoš Kalvoda (Aug 2016 – Dec 2016)
Martin Svědík (Dec 2016 – June 2017)
Dušan Uhrin, Jr. (June 2017 – Feb 2018)
Jozef Weber (Feb 2018 – Dec 2020)
Karel Jarolím (Dec 2020 – Feb 2022)
Pavel Hoftych (Feb 2022 –)
History in domestic competitions
Seasons spent at Level 1 of the football league system: 17
Seasons spent at Level 2 of the football league system: 6
Seasons spent at Level 3 of the football league system: 3
Seasons spent at Level 4 of the football league system: 2
Czech Republic
History in European competitions
Notes
2Q: Second qualifying round
3Q: Third qualifying round
PO: Play-off round
Honours
Czech Cup
Winners (2): 2010–11, 2015–16
Czech 2. Liga
Winners: 2003–04
Bohemian Football League
Winners: 1997–98
Club records
Czech First League records
Best position: 2nd (2005–06)
Worst position: 14th (2004–05)
Biggest home win: Mladá Boleslav 6–0 Příbram (2019–20)
Biggest away win: Teplice 0–8 Mladá Boleslav (2018–19)
Biggest home defeat: Mladá Boleslav 0–4 Teplice (2012–13), Mladá Boleslav 0–4 Sparta Prague (2013–14)
Biggest away defeat: Plzeň 7–1 Mladá Boleslav (2019–20)
References
External links
in Czech
in English
Football clubs in the Czech Republic
Association football clubs established in 1902
Czech First League clubs
1902 establishments in Austria-Hungary |
4036422 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FC%20Viktoria%20Plze%C5%88 | FC Viktoria Plzeň | Football Club Viktoria Plzeň () is a Czech professional football club based in Plzeň. They play in the Czech First League, the top division of football in the country.
As runners-up in the 1970–71 Czechoslovak Cup, the club gained the right to play in the following season's Cup Winners' Cup, as winners Spartak Trnava also won the championship and played in the European Cup. In 2010, they played in the UEFA Europa League after winning the 2009–10 Czech Cup.
The club won the Czech league for the first time in 2011, and participated in the 2011–12 UEFA Champions League group stage, during which they won their first Champions League match, earning five points and qualifying for the Round of 32 in the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League. The club won their second Czech league title in the 2012–13 season.
In 2013–14, the club participated in the UEFA Champions League group stage and finished third. They then reached the round of 16 in UEFA Europa League before being eliminated by Lyon.
History
Early history
In 1911, Jaroslav Ausobský, an official of the state railways, filed a request for the establishment of a new football club in Plzeň. In August 1911, the newly formed club Viktoria played their first match, losing 7–3 against Olympia Plzeň.
For the first 18 years of its existence, Viktoria Plzeň was a purely amateur club, although in 1922–23, they took their first foreign trip to Spain, where they won six out of nine matches. In June 1929, an extraordinary meeting of members agreed to go professional and enter the national professional league. Viktoria finished their first season in seventh place, but the very next season, improved and reached second place, which meant a first-ever promotion to the First League. In the 1934–35 Czechoslovak First League, Viktoria finished in fourth place and subsequently played in the 1935 Mitropa Cup, the top European club competition at the time. Two matches against Juventus brought Viktoria to the attention of European football at large. They drew 3–3 at home but lost 5–1 in Turin.
Viktoria played without success in the First League, being relegated for the 1938 season but returning to top competition the next year. The outbreak of World War II interrupted competition, notably through the absence of teams from Slovakia. In 1942, Viktoria fell again into the divisions, but again returned to the top league the next year, where they would remain until 1952. That same year, the club changed its name to Sokol Škoda Plzeň. For nine years they remained in the divisions, struggling to return to the First League, and in 1961, now under the name of Spartak Plzeň, achieved that promotion. The club was relegated and promoted frequently between the top two tiers until 1972, when as Škoda Plzeň they settled in the First League for eight years.
In 1971, Viktoria won the Czech Cup by drawing lots after the two-legged final ended 4–4 on aggregate and 5–5 in a limited penalty shootout against Sparta Prague B. They lost 7–2 on aggregate in the Czechoslovak Cup final against Slovak Cup winners Spartak Trnava, but as Trnava had won the league title that season, Viktoria was the country's entrant to the next season's European Cup Winners' Cup. The club's greatest honor is elimination in the first round by Bayern Munich, 7–2 on aggregate. From 1980 until the division of Czechoslovakia 13 years later, Viktoria moved frequently between the top two tiers again.
Recent history
In 1992, the club returned to its historical name FC Viktoria Plzeň and the very next season, advanced to the first league, where it remained until 1999.
In the first years of the new millennium, Viktoria was owned by a foreign investor – Italian Football Company Ltd EAST. This situation lasted until March 2005, when 100% of the club's shares were purchased by local interests. The summer of 2005 also brought back relations with the Czech motor company Škoda, which had previously been the club's name sponsors.
On 18 May 2010, Viktoria won the Czech Cup final 2–1 against Jablonec, and returned to European competitions via the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League. Viktoria entered in the third qualifying round against Beşiktaş and held them 1–1 at home before losing 3–0 away.
Viktoria won its first ever league championship in 2010–11, finishing with 69 points to Sparta Prague's 68. The club therefore qualified for a play-off to the 2011–12 UEFA Champions League, in which they defeated Copenhagen 5–2 on aggregate. Viktoria were placed in Group H alongside reigning champions Barcelona and Milan, and reached third place in the group by recording a victory over BATE Borisov. This saw the club drop into the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League in the round of 32, where they lost 4–2 on aggregate to Schalke 04 after extra time.
The club's Stadion města Plzně was also rebuilt in 2011. On 11 June 2011, Viktoria celebrated together with fans in the courtyard of the Pilsner Urquell brewery for a centennial anniversary. In January 2012, the club held a festive gala for its centenary, and voted current midfielder Pavel Horváth as its greatest player of all-time.
The 2011–12 season saw Viktoria finish in third place in the league, three points behind champions Slovan Liberec, to qualify for a third consecutive Europa League campaign. Starting in the second qualifying round, the club advanced past Metalurgi Rustavi of Georgia and Ruch Chorzów of Poland to set up a play-off against the Belgian club Lokeren, in which Viktoria advanced on away goals after a 2–2 aggregate draw. The club finished first in Group B, ahead of the tournament's reigning champions Atlético Madrid. In the round of 32, Viktoria were drawn against Napoli and won 3–0 away and 2–0 at home to advance to the last 16, where they played Fenerbahçe. Viktoria lost the home leg 1–0, and in the away leg (which was played behind closed doors due to the Istanbul club's fans' recent conduct) drew 1–1, resulting in their elimination. Viktoria won the Czech league for a second time in the 2012–13 season.
Off-field
In 2017, the club installed a dugout in the shape of a beer can after a deal with a local beer sponsor.
Historical names
1911 – SK Viktoria Plzeň (Sportovní klub Viktoria Plzeň)
1949 – Sokol Škoda Plzeň
1952 – Sokol ZVIL Plzeň (Sokol Závody Vladimíra Iljiče Lenina Plzeň)
1953 – DSO Spartak LZ Plzeň (Dobrovolná sportovní organizace Spartak Leninovy závody Plzeň)
1962 – TJ Spartak LZ Plzeň (Tělovýchovná jednota Spartak Leninovy závody Plzeň)
1965 – TJ Škoda Plzeň (Tělovýchovná jednota Škoda Plzeň)
1993 – FC Viktoria Plzeň (Football Club Viktoria Plzeň, a.s.)
Players
Current squad
.
Out on loan
Notable former players
Player records in the Czech First League
.
Highlighted players are in the current squad.
Most appearances
Most goals
Most clean sheets
Managers
Rudolf Krčil (1963)
Vlastimil Chobot (1967–68)
Karel Kolský (1969–70)
Jiří Rubáš (1970–75)
Tomáš Pospíchal (1975–77)
Jaroslav Dočkal (1977–78)
Svatopluk Pluskal (1978–79)
Josef Žaloudek (1979–??)
Václav Rys
Zdeněk Michálek (1993–95)
Jaroslav Hřebík (1995–96)
Antonín Dvořák (1996–97)
Petr Uličný (1997–99)
Milan Šíp (1999)
Luboš Urban (1999–2000)
Miroslav Koubek (Oct 2000 – 01)
Petr Rada (Dec 2001 – Oct 2002)
Zdeněk Michálek (Oct 2002 – May 2003)
František Cipro (May 2003 – May 2004)
Martin Pulpit (May 2004 – May 2005)
Zdeněk Michálek (May 2005 – April 2006)
František Straka (April 2006 – May 2006)
Michal Bílek (July 2006 – Sept 2006)
Stanislav Levý (Oct 2006 – April 2008)
Karel Krejčí (April 2008 – May 2008)
Jaroslav Šilhavý (July 2008 – Oct 2008)
Pavel Vrba (Oct 2008 – Dec 2013)
Dušan Uhrin Jr. (Dec 2013 – Aug 2014)
Miroslav Koubek (Aug 2014 – Aug 2015)
Karel Krejčí (Aug 2015 – May 2016)
Roman Pivarník (May 2016 – April 2017)
Zdeněk Bečka (April 2017 – June 2017)
Pavel Vrba (Jun 2017 – Dec 2019)
Adrián Guľa (Dec 2019 – May 2021)
Michal Bílek (May 2021 – present)
History in domestic competitions
Seasons spent at Level 1 of the football league system: 24
Seasons spent at Level 2 of the football league system: 4
Seasons spent at Level 3 of the football league system: 0
Seasons spent at Level 4 of the football league system: 0
Czech Republic
History in European competitions
The following is a list of the all-time statistics from Plzeň's games in the three UEFA tournaments it has participated in, as well as the overall total. The list contains the tournament, the number of seasons (S), games played (P), won (W), drawn (D) and lost (L). The statistics include qualification matches.
As of 2 August 2018.
Honours
National
Czech First League:
Winners (6): 2010–11, 2012–13, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2017–18, 2021–22
Runners-up: 2013–14, 2016–17, 2018–19, 2019–20
Czech Cup:
Winners (1): 2009–10
Runners-up: 2013–14, 2020–21
Czech Supercup:
Winners (2): 2011, 2015
Runners-up: 2010, 2013, 2014
Czech 2. Liga:
Winners (1): 2002–03
Club records
Czech First League records
Best position: 1st (2010–11, 2012–13, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2017–18)
Worst position: 16th (2000–01, 2003–04)
Biggest home win: Plzeň 7–0 Ústí nad Labem (2010–11), Plzeň 7–0 Teplice (2010–21)
Biggest away win: Ústí nad Labem 0–5 Plzeň (2010–11)
Biggest home defeat: Plzeň 1–5 Drnovice (1997–98), Plzeň 0–4 Příbram (2003–04), Plzeň 0–4 Slavia Prague (2006–07), Plzeň 0–4 Ostrava (2007–08), Plzeň 0–4 Olomouc (2011–12)
Biggest away defeat: Ostrava 6–0 Plzeň (2005–06)
References
External links
* Official club website
Football clubs in the Czech Republic
Association football clubs established in 1911
Czechoslovak First League clubs
Czech First League clubs |
4036425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay%20Boys | Bombay Boys | Bombay Boys is a 1998 Indian cult comedy film written and directed by the Indian director Kaizad Gustad. It follows the adventures of three young men in modern-day Mumbai (or Bombay). The boys are of Indian origin, but were all raised in the West. Krishna Sahni (played by Naveen Andrews) is an aspiring actor from New York City who wants to make it big in Bollywood. Ricardo Fernandes (Rahul Bose) is from Sydney, Australia and is in Mumbai to search for his long-lost brother. Finally, Xerxes Mistry (Alexander Gifford), a musician from London, is looking to discover his "roots" in the land of his ancestors.
Synopsis
The three meet each other for the first time at Mumbai's airport and decide to find a place together. In the course of the movie, Krishna finds out that, in order to break into the local film industry, he must first win the (decidedly risky) patronage of Don Mastana (Naseeruddin Shah), a godfather of the Mumbai underworld who's also a film producer. Mastana is a violent man who thinks nothing of impaling a lizard with a knife or shattering the skull of a fellow crime boss for making a pass at his girlfriend.
Ricardo, the serious-looking Australian, finds out the sad fate of his brother, but also manages to fall in love with Mastana's spunky moll Dolly (Tara Deshpande), igniting further flames. Xerxes, who's a Parsi, is led to embrace his latent homosexuality by their gay landlord (Roshan Seth).
Cast
Naveen Andrews ... Krishna Sahni
Rahul Bose ... Ricardo Fernandes
Alexander Gifford ... Xerxes Mistry
Naseeruddin Shah ... Don Mastana
Tara Deshpande ... Dolly
Roshan Seth ... Pesi
Tarun Shahani ... Danny
Luke Kenny ... Xavier
Vinay Pathak ... Spot-boy turned director
Kushal Punjabi ... Asif
Javed Jaffrey ... Special appearance in item song "MUMBHAI"
Nagesh Bhosle ... Cherry Blossom Kalia
Production
Bombay Boys, which took four years to complete, was filmed on location in Mumbai's bars, slums and markets. The film was made on a limited budget; director Kaizad Gustad financed the film with credit cards as well as by borrowing money from his family and friends.
Soundtrack
The music was composed by Ashutosh Phatak, Dhruv Ghanekar and released by Sony Music India.
Critical reception
The film was subjected to criticism for its homosexuality and profanity. Film critic Yashodhara Pawar stated the film as "The harmful and immature portrayal of ethnic groups in films is an issue for not just South Asians in the global media but also the local and tribal productions in individual countries.". Another film critic Tanmeet Kumar from Planet Bollywood, stated that the film has portrayed India as "Americanized India". Tara Deshpande's performance was praised.
References
External links
1990s crime comedy films
Indian-American films
English-language Indian films
Films set in Mumbai
Indian crime comedy films
Indian LGBT-related films
1990s Hindi-language films
Indian gangster films
Films featuring an item number
Gay-related films
Films about Bollywood
1998 LGBT-related films
1998 films
Asian-American comedy films
1998 comedy films |
4036426 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FK%20Ban%C3%ADk%20Most%201909 | FK Baník Most 1909 | FK Baník Most 1909 was a Czech football club based in the city of Most, approximately 75 kilometres north-west of Prague. The club played top-flight football for the first time in their history in the 2005–06 Czech First League.
The club's home stadium is Fotbalový stadion Josefa Masopusta, which was built in 1961. The opening match of the new stadium was played on 24 May 1961 against English side Liverpool F.C., which won against Most 4–1.
In 2011, Baník Most signed an agreement whereby Arsenal Česká Lípa would function as their farm team.
History
Historical names
1909 — SK Most (full name: Sportovní klub Most)
1948 — ZSJ Uhlomost Most (full name: Základní sportovní jednota Uhlomost Most)
1953 — DSO Baník Most (full name: Dobrovolná sportovní organizace Baník Most)
1961 — TJ Baník Most (full name: Tělovýchovná jednota Baník Most)
1979 — TJ Baník SHD Most (full name: Tělovýchovná jednota Baník Severočeské hnědouhelné doly Most)
1993 — FK Baník SHD Most (full name: Fotbalový klub Baník Severočeské hnědouhelné doly Most)
1995 — FC MUS Most 1996 (full name: Football Club Mostecká uhelná společnost Most 1996, a.s.)
2003 — FK SIAD Most (full name: Fotbalový klub SIAD Most, a.s.)
2008 — FK Baník Most
2013 — FK Baník Most 1909
Early history and Lower League Football
The club was founded on 19 May 1909, and there were very basic beginnings. Football activity in Most would be interrupted for significant periods of time during World War I and World War II, but even long thereafter, the quality of football in Most remained modest, as Most would play in the lower Czechoslovak leagues from the 1950s all the way through to the 1980s.
In the 1990s though, Most earned two promotions – first to the Bohemian Football League, the third-highest league in the country, then, in the 1996/97 season, to the Czech 2. Liga.
SIAD ownership and First Division Football
In the spring of 2003 the club was bought by Italian industrial gas company SIAD, and the Italian company's involvement sparked a modestly but increasingly successful new era for the club. The club took the name "FK SIAD Most" from the 2003/04 season.
By winning the 2. liga championship in the 2004/05 season, Most finally gained promotion to the Czech First League, for the 2005/06 season. Extensive reconstruction of the club's stadium – which included the installation of a new pitch, 7,500 seats, and floodlights – was completed in time for the club's first match in the top flight. After a slow start, manager Přemysl Bičovský was dismissed, making way for the arrival of Zdeněk Ščasný. Scasny – a highly regarded manager, who had previously been in charge of Czech clubs AC Sparta Prague and FK Viktoria Žižkov and Greek clubs OFI Crete and Panathinaikos FC – helped the club hold its position in the Czech First League, guiding the team to a respectable 10th place in the table.
For the 2006/07 season, the club had high expectations, with the ultimate goal being to finish in the top half of the table, but inconsistency would plague the team throughout the season. The team seemed capable of competing with the league's top sides, especially at home – Most managed to draw with AC Sparta Prague (eventual league champions), defeat Slavia Prague (eventual runners-up) and was overall unbeaten at home against the clubs who would finish in the top 5 league positions – but the team was less efficient when playing away from home, and an even bigger problem was an inability to consistently take full advantage of the relatively weaker sides of the league. This translated into Most finishing the season with a league-high 16 draws, good enough only for a somewhat disappointing 12th place in the league, but the club's top-flight status was secured once again.
At the end of the season the club and manager Zdeněk Ščasný mutually decided to end their relationship, and the club hired Robert Žák, who had previously been in charge of the club's youth set-up.
Honours
Czech 2. Liga
Winners (1): 2004–05
Czech Cup
Semifinals: 2001–02
Players
Current squad
Managers and players
Head coaches in club's history
Head coaches in club's history
2004 Přemysl Bičovský
2005 Zdeněk Ščasný
2007 Robert Žák
2009 Martin Pulpit
2010 Jorge Aňon
2011 Michal Zach
2013 Zbyněk Busta
2013 Pavel Chaloupka
2014 Vít Raszyk
2014 Wolfgang Jerat
2015 Pavel Medynský
2015 Robert Vágner
2016 Stanislav Hofmann
Notable former players
Patrik Gedeon
Petr Johana
Josef Masopust
Jiří Novotný
Horst Siegl
Jiří Štajner
Goce Toleski
Martin Vaniak
History in domestic competitions
Seasons spent at Level 1 of the football league system: 3
Seasons spent at Level 2 of the football league system: 15
Seasons spent at Level 3 of the football league system: 7
Seasons spent at Level 4 of the football league system: 1
Czech Republic
Notes
References
External links
Defunct football clubs in the Czech Republic
Association football clubs established in 1909
Association football clubs disestablished in 2016
Czech First League clubs
Mining association football clubs in the Czech Republic |
4036431 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Burmester | Mark Burmester | Mark Greville Burmester (born 24 January 1968, Durban, South Africa) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer who played in 3 Tests and 8 ODIs between 1992 and 1995. He played in Zimbabwe's inaugural Test, opening the bowling he became the first Zimbabwean to take a Test wicket. He is a past student of Eaglesvale High School.
In February 2020, he was named in Zimbabwe's squad for the Over-50s Cricket World Cup in South Africa. However, the tournament was cancelled during the third round of matches due to the coronavirus pandemic.
References
External links
Cricinfo: a short biography
1968 births
Living people
Cricketers from Durban
Alumni of Eaglesvale High School
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Mashonaland cricketers
Manicaland cricketers
Cricketers at the 1992 Cricket World Cup
White Zimbabwean sportspeople |
4036432 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary%20Crocker | Gary Crocker | Gary John Crocker (born 16 May 1962) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer who played in three Test matches and six One Day Internationals in 1992 and 1993. He is a past student of Hamilton High School.
Born in Bulawayo, Crocker played in Zimbabwe's first ever Test match, at Harare in 1992. Crocker retired from international cricket in 1993, and due to the political instability and economic meltdown in Zimbabwe he immigrated to the United States. Crocker currently resides in Los Angeles and plays social cricket for the Hollywood Cricket Club. His son Sean is a professional golfer.
References
External links
1962 births
Cricketers from Bulawayo
Zimbabwean people of British descent
Living people
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
White Zimbabwean sportspeople
Zimbabwean emigrants to the United States |
4036435 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michal%20Tabara | Michal Tabara | Michal Tabara (born 16 October 1979) is a former tennis player from the Czech Republic, who turned professional in 1997. The right-hander has won one singles title (2001, Chennai) so far in his career. Tabara reached his highest singles ATP-ranking on 23 July 2001, when he became world No. 47.
Tabara was involved in a minor controversy at the 2001 US Open. After losing a first-round match to Justin Gimelstob in five sets, Tabara, who was allegedly frustrated by Gimelstob's frequent injury time-outs, spat in Gimelstob's direction as they approached the net to shake hands. Tabara was subsequently fined $1,000 for unsportmanslike behavior.
Tennis career
Juniors
As a junior Tabara reached as high as No. 9 in the junior world singles rankings in 1996 (and No. 24 in doubles).
Singles titles
Wins (1)
Doubles titles
Wins (1)
References
External links
Michal Tabara stats
1979 births
Living people
Czech male tennis players
People from Uherské Hradiště
Sportspeople from the Zlín Region |
4036439 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lim%20Hng%20Kiang | Lim Hng Kiang | Lim Hng Kiang (; born 9 April 1954) is a Singaporean retired politician. A member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), he was a Member of Parliament representing the Group Representation Constituencies (GRCs) of Tanjong Pagar (1991–1997) and West Coast (1997–2020). He also held positions in the Cabinet from 1994 to 2018, including Minister for National Development (1994–1999), Minister for Health (1999–2003), Minister in the Prime Minister's Office (2003–2004), and Minister for Trade and Industry (2004–2018).
Education
Lim was educated in Raffles Institution, before being awarded a President's Scholarship and Singapore Armed Forces Overseas Scholarship to study at the University of Cambridge, where he completed a degree in engineering in 1976. In 1985, Lim was awarded a scholarship to study for a Master of Public Administration degree at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.
Career
Lim began his career in the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) and left with rank of lieutenant-colonel. He later served as a deputy secretary at the Ministry of National Development, and as the chief executive officer (CEO) of the Housing and Development Board (HDB).
Lim was first elected to Parliament in 1991 as an MP for the Tanjong Pagar Group Representation Constituency. Since 1997, he has represented the West Coast Group Representation Constituency (West Coast GRC).
Lim was appointed a Minister of State at the Ministry of National Development in 1991. In 1994, he became the Acting Minister for National Development and Senior Minister of State at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
In 1995, Lim became the Minister for National Development and Second Minister for Foreign Affairs. In 1998, he relinquished the role of Second Minister for Foreign Affairs and became the Second Minister for Finance.
In 1999, Lim became the Minister for Health. He also retained the portfolio of Second Minister for Finance.
During the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic that swept through the region. Many Singaporeans felt his initial handling of the crisis, citing his lack of leadership and indecisiveness, helped prolong the epidemic that eventually drove the economy into a recession. While then Deputy Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said "SARS has significantly disrupted our economy. It has affected not only tourist spending but also domestic consumption... certainly our first half growth will be affected, and we will have to revise down our growth forecasts for the year." Others cited his calls to quarantine patients and to close and extend local school holidays were late in coming.
Many local residents also pointed to the administrators at Tan Tock Seng Hospital for mishandling and underestimating the severity of SARS. When "At least 85 percent of people infected by SARS in Singapore caught it while visiting or working at hospitals", said Osman David Mansoor at the WHO. "The remainder mostly came down with it at home through close contact with sick family members", he said.
In 2003, Lim was made a minister in the Prime Minister's Office. He retained the role of Second Minister for Finance.
Lim was made the Minister for Trade and Industry in 2004. He was subsequently put in charge of trade at the Ministry of Trade and Industry. The ministry was split into two, with Lim taking the trade portfolio and the industry portfolio taken by S. Iswaran.
Lim served as the deputy chairman of the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) from 2006 until 2021 and is also a board director of the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC).
Lim stepped down from the cabinet on 30 April 2018 and appointed as special advisor to MTI.
During 2020 Singaporean general election, Lim announced his retirement from politics.
Personal life
Lim has two sons. His wife, Lee Ai Boon, died of cancer on 12 April 2014.
References
External links
Ministry of Trade & Industry Official Website – Arquivo.pt
Lim Hng Kiang's profile as member of Singapore Parliament – AbtUs/OrgStr/Members of Parliament/LimHngKiang
MAS Annual Report 2007/2008 – Monetary Authority of Singapore Annual Report 2007/08
MAS: Board and Management
GIC - About Us - GIC Board of Directors
1954 births
Living people
Alumni of Christ's College, Cambridge
Harvard Kennedy School alumni
Members of the Cabinet of Singapore
Members of the Parliament of Singapore
People's Action Party politicians
President's Scholars
Raffles Institution alumni
Singaporean people of Teochew descent
Ministers for Health of Singapore
Ministers for Trade and Industry of Singapore |
4036440 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medborgarplatsen | Medborgarplatsen | Medborgarplatsen (literally Citizen Square) is a large city square located near the center of the island of Södermalm in Stockholm, Sweden. The square is often colloquially referred to as "Medis".
Description
The development of the citizen site was due to the railway's progress and the construction of Stockholm South Station (Stockholms södra) in the late 1850s. Near the square is a Medborgarplatsen metro station. The station was opened as an underground tram station in 1933, and was converted for the new metro system in 1950 as one of the first stations on the network. The original exits did not open onto the square, but to the nearby street Folkungagatan. An entrance was opened on to Björns trädgård on November 29, 1995.
The square has become a common place for demonstrations. On May Day, the Left Party usually start their parade from there, and are accompanied by other smaller leftist and communist parties as they walk to Kungsträdgården. In 2001, Hammarby Fotboll celebrated its first victory in the Allsvenskan in front of about 35,000 supporters in the square.
Medborgarplatsen has a small ice-skating rink which is turned into a terrace with benches in the summer. On one corner of the square there is a substantial public library, and diagonally across on another corner the 17th century Lillienhoff Palace.
Medborgarplatsen is also where Anna Lindh, the Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs, held her last public speech before she was assassinated on September 10, 2003. In 2004, a memorial monument to Anna Lindh was erected at the square.
References
Squares in Stockholm
no:Medborgarplatsen tunnelbanestasjon |
4036445 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy%20Pycroft | Andy Pycroft | Andrew John Pycroft (born 6 June 1956) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer who played in 3 Test matches and 20 One Day Internationals from 1983 to 1992.
Domestic career
He played for Rhodesia prior to Zimbabwe's independence. He also represented the Zimbabwean team (1980 onwards) and the Western Province in the South African domestic competition.
After cricket
In March 2006 Pycroft was appointed coach of the Zimbabwe A side, a role he kept until August 2008 when he was sacked along with first-team coach Robin Brown.
Pycroft became a member of the Elite Panel of ICC Match Referees in March 2009.
See also
Elite Panel of ICC Referees
References
1956 births
Living people
Cricketers from Harare
Zimbabwean people of British descent
White Rhodesian people
White Zimbabwean sportspeople
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
South African Universities cricketers
Cricketers at the 1983 Cricket World Cup
Cricketers at the 1987 Cricket World Cup
Cricketers at the 1992 Cricket World Cup
Cricket match referees |
4036446 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm%20Jarvis | Malcolm Jarvis | Malcolm Peter Jarvis (born 6 December 1955) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer who played in five Test matches and 12 One Day Internationals (ODIs) for the Zimbabwe national cricket team between 1987 and 1995. In the course of his short Test career Jarvis took over the Test match record for the most wickets in a complete career (11) with all dismissals being caught.
Jarvis' son, Kyle Jarvis, plays for the Zimbabwean national team. Jarvis now runs a guesthouse in Borrowdale near Harare with his wife.
References
1955 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Masvingo
Mashonaland cricketers
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Cricketers at the 1987 Cricket World Cup
Cricketers at the 1992 Cricket World Cup
Rhodesia cricketers
White Zimbabwean sportspeople |
4036452 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadia%20Styger | Nadia Styger | Nadia Styger (born 11 December 1978, in Zug) is a former Swiss World Cup alpine ski racer.
Styger won a total of four Alpine Skiing World Cup races. She was several times Swiss champion in downhill and super-G. She won a bronze medal as part of the Swiss team at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships in 2007 with Sandra Gini, Rabea Grand, Fabienne Suter, Daniel Albrecht and Marc Berthod.
World Cup victories
Footnotes
External links
Official website
News and related people on NamePedia
1978 births
Swiss female alpine skiers
Alpine skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Olympic alpine skiers of Switzerland¨
People from Zug
Living people |
4036455 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broos | Broos | Broos can have the following meanings:
Orăştie, (German: Broos, Hungarian: Szászváros), city in south-western Transylvania, Romania
Broos (film), a 1997 Dutch film
See also
Bros (disambiguation)
Bruce (disambiguation) |
4036458 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%20in%20Uniform | Women in Uniform | "Women in Uniform" is a 1978 song by the Australian band Skyhooks; it was written by the band's bass guitar player, Greg Macainsh. It was released in February 1978 as the lead single from their fourth studio album, Guilty Until Proven Insane and peaked at number 8 in Australian and number 73 in the UK.
Reception
Sounds said, "Australian pre-New Wavers try to stay up to date and succeed far enough. So far, so neat, but the beat is matched only by the girl(?) vocalist and not by any traces of lyrical/tuneful dexterity." Rip It Up claimed the song benefited from the "hard rock" production from new producer Leonetti and, "would almost certainly have been a hit single if radio-land could have heard it through 18-inch speakers." The Sydney Morning Herald described it as, "a number which has already made an impact as a twelve-inch single. It's a good lyric. Perhaps it is a prophetic comment on woman-power."
Track listings
Australian 7" single (K-7062)/ 12" single (X 11810)
United Kingdom 7" single (United Artists Records – UP 36508)
Charts
Iron Maiden version
Iron Maiden's cover version of the song was the band's third single and their last recorded work with the guitarist Dennis Stratton. It was released on 27 October 1980 in order to promote the second British leg of their Iron Maiden Tour. The song was also included on the Australian edition of their second album, Killers, as it was originally a number eight hit in Australia for Skyhooks in 1978. In 1990, the 12" version was reissued on CD and 12" vinyl as part of The First Ten Years box set, in which it was combined with their following single, "Twilight Zone".
The idea to cover the song was suggested by the band's publishing company, Zomba, who arranged studio time at Battery Studios with AC/DC producer Tony Platt. Although sceptical at first about recording a song that was so different from the band's style, the bass guitarist, Steve Harris, conceded when Platt was hired, surmising that "as he worked with AC/DC and that, I thought, 'Oh, you know, fine. He's not gonna pull us in any commercial direction.'" After trying to create their own "heavy" version of the song, to Harris' dismay he found out that Platt, with help from Stratton, had been tampering with the song's mix as he had been briefed by Zomba to "try and get a hit single". As a result, Platt was dismissed and Harris remixed the track himself.
Although the intended mix was restored, the band has routinely mentioned their dislike of the single, with Harris vowing "never, ever, ever to allow anyone outside to fuck around with our music again". As a result, its only appearance on CD is as part of The First Ten Years series and a rare 1995 2CD issue of Killers, meaning that the song does not appear remastered. However, its B-Side, "Invasion", appears remastered on the Best of the 'B' Sides compilation.
"Women in Uniform" was also the basis of the band's first music-video, directed by Doug Smith and filmed at the Rainbow Theatre. Considered an unusual project for a band to undertake in the years before MTV, the filming was Stratton's last contribution for the band.
The single's cover has an image of Margaret Thatcher with a Sterling submachine gun, preparing to attack the group's mascot, Eddie, as he walks the streets with two young women. According to the band, the cover was a joke which was meant to ask whether her motive was through jealousy or revenge (following the infamous "Sanctuary" artwork that showed Eddie killing Thatcher), which managed to cause further controversy as, according to the Liverpool Daily Post, a group of "screaming, chanting, banner-carrying feminists" led a demonstration during Iron Maiden's show at Leeds University on 22 November 1980.
The song is one of only five Iron Maiden songs to fade out, the others being "Stranger in a Strange Land" from Somewhere in Time, "The Prophecy" from Seventh Son of a Seventh Son, "Hell on Earth" from Senjutsu, and "Kill Me Ce Soir", a cover version of a Golden Earring song that was released as the B-side to the "Holy Smoke" single in 1990. The German 12" release of the single included a live version of "Drifter" (from the "Sanctuary" single) instead of "Invasion" and had a different cover, a cropped version of the band's Iron Maiden album artwork.
Track listing
7" single
12" single
German 12" single
Personnel
Paul Di'Anno – vocals
Dave Murray – guitar
Dennis Stratton – guitar, backing vocals
Steve Harris – bass guitar, backing vocals
Clive Burr – drums
Chart performance
Notes
Other cover versions
The Whitlams performed this song at the 1998 ARIA Awards and released a limited edition single the following year, which also included "High Ground" and "1999".
Paul Di'Anno - who sang for Iron Maiden when they recorded their version - recorded a version for his album, The Classics - The Maiden Years, in 2006.
References
1978 songs
1980 singles
Skyhooks (band) songs
Iron Maiden songs
Mushroom Records singles
Songs written by Greg Macainsh |
4036463 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anastas%20Jovanovi%C4%87 | Anastas Jovanović | Anastas Jovanović (, 1817 – 1 November 1899) was a Serbian photographer and author.
Biography
Jovanović, was of Bulgarian origin and during his life he always felt himself a Bulgarian and at the same time a Serb. He was born in Vratsa, an important administrative and garrison city under Ottoman rule in 1817. When Anastas was 9 years old, his father sent him to continue his education in Belgrade, where his uncle worked at the Prince Obrenović sewing studio. In 1830, after the death of Anastas' father, his family moved to Belgrade. But only after one year his uncle who was their support died too.
Anastas' son Konstantin Jovanović (1849–1923) was a prominent architect. Anastas's daughter Katarina Jovanović was a prominent Serbian to German translator.
He was awarded the Order of Prince Danilo I.
Gallery
References
External links
Examples and Overview
Biography
Serbian photographers
19th-century Serbian artists
1817 births
1899 deaths
People from Vratsa
Bulgarian emigrants to Serbia
Academy of Fine Arts Vienna alumni |
4036464 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali%20Shah | Ali Shah | Ali Hassimshah Omarshah (born 7 August 1959), known as Ali Shah , is a former Zimbabwean international cricketer. An all-rounder who batted left-handed and bowled right-arm medium pace, Shah played in three Test matches and 28 One Day Internationals (ODIs) for Zimbabwe between 1983 and 1996, and was the first non-white player to represent the country. He was educated at Morgan High School.
International career
Shah played in three Cricket World Cups, in 1983, 1987 and 1992, and was also a member of the team that won the ICC Trophy in 1986 and 1990. Towards the end of his career, he played domestically for Mashonaland in the Logan Cup.
After cricket
After retiring from playing, Shah became a television commentator and a selector of the national team. He was removed from the latter role in 2004 following the sacking of captain Heath Streak.
References
1959 births
Living people
Cricketers from Harare
Zimbabwean people of Indian descent
Mashonaland cricketers
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Cricketers at the 1983 Cricket World Cup
Cricketers at the 1987 Cricket World Cup
Cricketers at the 1992 Cricket World Cup |
4036465 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Brain | David Brain | David Hayden Brain (born 4 October 1964 in Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer who played in 9 Tests and 23 ODIs from 1992 to 1995.
Brain's bowling helped Zimbabwe win their first-ever match in test cricket against Pakistan in 1995, ending with a bowling record of 3-50.
References
1964 births
Living people
Mashonaland cricketers
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Cricketers from Harare
White Zimbabwean sportspeople |
4036467 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel%20Kratochvil | Michel Kratochvil | Michel Frank Kratochvil (born 7 April 1979) is a former tennis player from Switzerland. He was a member of the Swiss Davis Cup Team between 2000–2004 with a singles record 3–9, winning the decider in the first round of the 2003 World Group against Martin Verkerk of Netherlands 1–6, 7–6, 7–6, 6–1. He played doubles alongside Roger Federer in the 2002 Gstaad Open who was the defending champion but lost in the first round this time. He also defeated reigning champion Andre Agassi in the first round 2002 Indian Wells Masters.
Singles finals
ATP Tour (0–2)
Challenger and Futures (5–5)
Doubles finals
Grand Slam performance timeline
References
External links
1979 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Bern
Swiss people of Czech descent
Swiss male tennis players
People from Ostermundigen |
4036473 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gavin%20Briant | Gavin Briant | Gavin Aubrey Briant (born 11 April 1969 in Salisbury - now Harare) is a former Zimbabwean international cricketer. Briant was a right-handed batsman and a cover fielder who also occasionally kept wicket. He played one Test match and five One Day Internationals for the Zimbabwe national cricket team in February and March 1993, and was also a member of the team that won the ICC Trophy in 1990. Briant played some second XI cricket for Worcestershire County Cricket Club in 1989, and the following year scored 103 not out for Zimbabwe B against England A. His scores for the full Zimbawbean team were more modest; his top score in both Test cricket and One Day Internationals was 16.
References
1969 births
Living people
Mashonaland cricketers
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Cricketers from Harare
White Zimbabwean sportspeople
Wicket-keepers |
4036474 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regressus | Regressus | Regressus is the 2nd studio album by German Power metal group Mystic Prophecy.
Track listing
All lyrics by: R.D Liapakis
All music by: R.D. Liapakis & Gus G.,
except track 6 by: Albrecht
All songs arranged by: R.D. Liapakis & Gus G.
"Calling From Hell" - 4:31
"Eternal Flame" - 4:44
"Lords Of Pain" - 4:30
"Sign Of The Cross" - 4:01
"Night Of The Storm" - 4:24
"The Traveller (Instrumental)" - 0:50
"In Your Sins" - 4:56
"Forgotten Soul" - 3:36
"When Demons Return"- 4:44
"Regressus / Lost In Time" - 5:24
"Mystic Prophecy" - 4:27
"The Land Of The Dead" - 4:43
"Fighting the World" (Cover)
Album line-up
Roberto Dimitri Liapakis - Vocals
Gus G. - Guitars
Martin Albrecht - Bass
Dennis Ekdahl - Drums
2003 albums
Mystic Prophecy albums
Nuclear Blast albums |
4036477 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Charles%20Walters%20Company | John Charles Walters Company | The John Charles Walters Company was a production company formed in 1978 by four former employees of MTM Enterprises: James L. Brooks, David Davis, Stan Daniels and Ed. Weinberger. The company existed from 1978 until 1983 and produced the TV show Taxi.
The foursome who created John Charles Walters were part of the creative team that produced The Mary Tyler Moore Show and its spinoff Phyllis, as well as The Betty White Show among others, during the 1970s. They were lured away by Paramount following the end of The Mary Tyler Moore Show'''s run. Paramount financed the John Charles Walters Company during its existence.
The company also produced The Associates, a TV sitcom about a small group of young Wall Street lawyers which ran during the 1979 television season starring Martin Short. The show lasted for nine of the 13 episodes produced, but received two Golden Globe nominations after its cancelation.
Company name
According to a 2003 interview, James L. Brooks said that the company was named the John Charles Walters Company because the foursome "wanted a venerable Protestant name." The book Hailing Taxi indicates that the partners discovered an old pub sign that said "Charles Walters." They bought it in order to make it their logo, but then discovered that there was a director in Hollywood named Charles Walters. They added the name John to avoid legal problems.
The only known existence of Walters appears at the end of both Taxi and The Associates''. In the end credits, the back of Walters is seen leaving his office while a female voice off-screen wishes him good night (with the words "Night, Mr. Walters!" or "Merry Christmas, Mr. Walters!" in holiday-themed episodes); Walters merely groans in response while he puts his hat on as he exits. Ed. Weinberger provided the voice of Walters during the sequence. The woman is Weinberger's actual assistant.
References
External links
Museum of Broadcast Communications- Ed Weinberger profile
nbcnews.com - TV Vanity Cards (includes John Charles Walters)
Walters
Television production companies of the United States |
4036478 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujesh%20Ranchod | Ujesh Ranchod | Ujesh Ranchod (born 17 May 1969) is a Zimbabwean former cricketer who played in one Test and three One Day International (ODI) matches from 1992 to 1993. His only international Test wicket came when he dismissed Sachin Tendulkar on 13 March 1993 in Delhi. His Test match debut was also his maiden first-class match.
References
1969 births
Living people
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Mashonaland cricketers
Cricketers from Harare
Zimbabwean people of Indian descent |
4036481 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Mills%20%28musician%29 | Alan Mills (musician) | Alan Mills, CM, (born Albert Miller; September 7, 1912 or 1913 – June 14, 1977 ) was a Canadian folksinger, writer, and actor. He was best known for popularizing Canadian folk music, and for his original song, I Know an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly. He appeared on several radio and television programs and in movies.
Career
As a young man, Mills worked as a newspaperman. He left this work in about 1940 and took a job in radio. He hosted a show for CBC radio on which he played Canadian folk music.
Mills began singing and recording traditional music from Canada, accompanying himself on guitar. His first album, Let's Sing a Little, was released by RCA Victor. He composed the classic folk song I Know an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly (with lyrics by Rose Bonne) which was later recorded by Burl Ives, Peter Paul and Mary and many others. He published a book, The Alan Mills Book of Folk Songs and Ballads, in 1949. His recordings of authentic traditional music were reviewed by Oscar Brand in the Saturday Review of Music, and included in a number of folk music compilation albums.
Mills was signed to take part in tour of the United States in 1960, and that year performed at the Newport Folk Festival.
He was made a Member of the Order of Canada in 1974 for his contributions to Canadian folklore. Mills has also released several albums on Folkways Records of Canadian and French folk songs.
Discography
n.d.
"Chansons a Boire'
[Venus VL 301]
Notes
External links
Discography for Alan Mills on Folkways
"Alan Mills, Collaborator and Friend" by Edith Fowke, Canadian Folk Music Bulletin 30.3 (1996)
1910s births
1977 deaths
People from Lachine, Quebec
Members of the Order of Canada
Canadian folklorists
Canadian folk singers
Canadian songwriters
Musicians from Montreal
Writers from Montreal
20th-century Canadian male singers |
4036483 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glen%20Bruk-Jackson | Glen Bruk-Jackson | Glen Keith Bruk-Jackson (born 25 April 1969) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer.
A right-handed batsman, Bruk-Jackson played in two Test matches and one One Day International for Zimbabwe, all during their tour of Pakistan in December 1993. He played domestically for Mashonaland Country Districts and later Mashonaland.
1969 births
Living people
Alumni of Falcon College
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Mashonaland cricketers
Cricketers from Harare
White Zimbabwean sportspeople |
4036487 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruzan | Cruzan | Cruzan can mean:
The alternate spelling of Crucian:
a native of St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
the native dialect spoken on that island, also known as Virgin Islands Creole
Cruzan Rum, a rum produced on St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
Nancy Cruzan, a key figure in the right-to-die movement
Cruzan Amphitheatre, a 19,000-seat open-air music venue in West Palm Beach, Florida
Language and nationality disambiguation pages |
4036490 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvan%20Zurbriggen | Silvan Zurbriggen | Silvan Zurbriggen (born 15 August 1981) is a retired Swiss World Cup alpine ski racer who competed primarily in downhill and combined, and occasionally in super-G. In 2012, he stopped competing in slalom due to poor results.
Born in Brig, Valais, Zurbriggen represented Switzerland in seven world championships and two Olympics. He won the silver medal in the slalom before a home crowd at the world championships in 2003 at St. Moritz, and was the Olympic bronze medalist in the combined in 2010 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, held at Whistler. Following his silver medal at age 21, he was the Swiss Winter Sportsman of the year in 2002 / 2003.
Zurbriggen retired from World Cup competition in April 2015 at age 33 with two victories and thirteen podiums. He is a distant cousin of former Swiss ski racers Pirmin Zurbriggen and Heidi Zurbriggen, and the cousin of Elia Zurbriggen.
Following his racing career, he embarked on a career in banking with an 18-month internship at Raiffeisen.
World Cup results
Season standings
Race podiums
2 wins – (1 Downhill, 1 Combined)
13 podiums – (2 Downhill, 3 Slalom, 8 Combined)
World Championship results
Olympic results
References
External links
Silvan Zurbriggen World Cup standings at the International Ski Federation
Swiss male alpine skiers
Alpine skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
1981 births
Living people
Olympic alpine skiers of Switzerland
Olympic bronze medalists for Switzerland
Olympic medalists in alpine skiing
Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
People from Brig-Glis
Sportspeople from Valais |
4036492 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond%20Lim | Raymond Lim | Raymond Lim Siang Keat (, born 24 June 1959) is a former Singaporean politician. A member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), Lim has been a Member of Parliament (MP) representing the East Coast Group Representation Constituency for Fengshan from 2001 to 2015. He served as the Minister for Transport from 2006 to 2011, and as a Minister in the Prime Minister's Office from 2005 to 2006. He retired from politics in 2015.
Education
Lim was a Rhodes Scholar and Colombo Plan scholar and holds degrees from the universities of Adelaide, Oxford and King's College, Cambridge (LLM, 1987). Prior to his university education, he was a student and athlete in Raffles Institution.
Personal life
Lim's brother, Benny Lim Siang Hoe, was with the Internal Security Department, and is also a former Permanent Secretary at the Ministry of National Development.
External links
Lim Siang Keat Raymond Lim Siang Keat at parliament.gov.sg
1959 births
Living people
University of Adelaide alumni
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
Members of the Cabinet of Singapore
People's Action Party politicians
Members of the Parliament of Singapore
Singaporean people of Chinese descent
Singaporean Rhodes Scholars
Ministers for Transport of Singapore |
4036496 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20Peall | Stephen Peall | Stephen Guy Peall (born 2 September 1969, Harare) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer who played in 4 Tests and 21 ODIs from 1992 to 1996.
References
1969 births
Living people
Cricketers from Harare
White Zimbabwean sportspeople
Alumni of Falcon College
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Cricketers at the 1996 Cricket World Cup |
4036499 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Rennie%20%28cricketer%29 | John Rennie (cricketer) | John Alexander Rennie (born 29 July 1970) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer who played in four Test matches and 44 One Day Internationals (ODIs) from 1993 to 2000. He played as a swing bowler for the Zimbabwe national side between 1993 and 2000.
Early life
Rennie was born at Fort Victoria in what was then Rhodesia in 1970 and was educated in Salisbury. He attended Hartmann House Preparatory School and then St George's College where he was coached by Robin Stokes and Bill Flower. After playing in the school XI, he joined Old Georgians Cricket Club and played for Zimbabwean representative sides, including the national under-24 side.
Cricket career
A swing bowler who was able to move the ball in the air and bowl in a controlled way, Rennie made his international debut in 1993, playing in all four of Zimbabwe's matches in the 1993 Hero Cup series of ODIs in India, including in the tied match against India when he was the not out batsman as Zimbabwe almost won the match. He made his Test debut later the same year during Zimbabwe's tour of Pakistan, taking the wicket of Shoaib Mohammad on debut. He went on to play for Zimbabwe mainly in one-day cricket, making 44 ODI appearances and playing in only four Test matches before his international career ended in 2000. Ward considers that he was able to succeed largely through hard work and application rather than natural talent.
In domestic cricket, Rennie played for Matabeleland in the Logan Cup between 1993/94 and 2000/01, bowling his side to success in the 1995/96 cup final. He captained the side in several matches during 1996/97 but his career in the storage industry and family commitments cut his cricket career short and Rennie played his final senior matches in 2000/01. He served on the national selection panel for a period, but was removed following Zimbabwe's disappointing performances in the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
Family
Rennie's younger brother, Gavin, also played for Zimbabwe, the pair playing in the same Test team in 1997, John Rennie's final Test match. This was the first time that three sets of brothers had played for the same side in the same Test match, the Rennie brothers playing alongside Grant and Andy Flower and Paul and Bryan Strang.
References
External links
1970 births
Living people
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Mashonaland cricketers
Matabeleland cricketers
Sportspeople from Masvingo
White Zimbabwean sportspeople |
4036500 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20Foster%20%28tennis%29 | Andrew Foster (tennis) | Andrew Foster (born 16 March 1972, in Stoke-on-Trent) is a former tennis player from Great Britain.
The right-hander reached the fourth round of Wimbledon in 1993, in only his second appearance at the All England Club. There, he posted his first ever Tour wins over Thomas Enqvist, Luis Herrera and Andrei Olhovskiy. His run ended in the round of 16 at the tournament, losing to the eventual winner, Pete Sampras.
Foster reached a career-high Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) singles ranking of World No. 184 in January 1994. In doubles, Foster won four Challenger events, reaching as high as No. 174 in November 1993.
References
External links
1972 births
Living people
English male tennis players
Sportspeople from Stoke-on-Trent
British male tennis players
Tennis people from Staffordshire |
4036501 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KAFOS | KAFOS | KAFOS (Karadeniz Fiber Optik Sistemi - Black Sea Fibre Optic System) is a submarine telecommunications cable system in the Black Sea linking Romania, Bulgaria, and Turkey.
It has landing points in:
Mangalia, Romania
Varna, Bulgaria
Istanbul, Turkey
it has a transmission capacity of 8 Tbit/s, and a total cable length of 504 km. It started operation on 13 June 1997.
References
https://web.archive.org/web/20070930122255/http://foptnet.ge/map2eng.htm Map of the cable system (3 Systems BSFOCS, KAFOS, & ITUR)
Submarine communications cables in the Black Sea
Bulgaria–Turkey relations
Bulgaria–Romania relations
Romania–Turkey relations
Optical telecommunications cables
Internet in Bulgaria
1997 establishments in Bulgaria
1997 establishments in Romania
1997 establishments in Turkey |
4036502 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Black%20Adder%20%28Blackadder%29 | The Black Adder (Blackadder) | "The Black Adder" is the unaired pilot episode of the BBC television series Blackadder. Taped on 20 June 1982, it features the original incarnation of the character Edmund Blackadder, played by Rowan Atkinson. Following this pilot, The Black Adder eventually went into production and the first six-part series was broadcast in 1983, but with a number of changes to the casting, characterisation and plot; while the transmitted series was set in 1485 and the years following the Battle of Bosworth Field, this untransmitted pilot was set in 16th century, apparently during the Elizabethan Era.
A close adaptation of the script of the pilot episode was used for the second episode of the first series, "Born to Be King", which contains many similar characters, situations and lines to the pilot.
Production
Like the first series, "The Black Adder", it was written by Richard Curtis and Rowan Atkinson. However, the episode features a number of major differences to the aired first series.
Historical setting and characters
The pilot episode is introduced with on-screen scrolling text which announces that the setting is ‘Europe, 400 years ago’ which, based on the date of production, places the episode during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. In this respect, and in the design of the sets and costumes, the pilot bears much resemblance to the second series, Blackadder II (1986), which was also set during the Elizabethan era. However, the historical connections are vague in the pilot episode; while the costume, jewellery and hairstyle of the Queen bear a strong resemblance to that of Elizabeth I, the reigning monarchs are cast anonymously as "the Queen" and "the King" and no reference is made to their actual identities. Even if the character of the Queen is intended to be Elizabeth I, the King and their two sons, Princes Henry and Edmund, would be entirely fictitious characters, as Elizabeth I neither married nor bore offspring. (It is also worth noting that the episode states that Prince Harry was born in 1526 – seven years before the real Elizabeth I – which would imply the episode is set in around 1550 and that the line ‘400 years ago’ is only very approximate).
In the version of The Black Adder which was eventually televised in 1983, the setting is shifted back some 100 years to 1485, and the King is clearly identified as King Richard IV, a fictional successor to Richard III who rules England with his Queen, the fictional Gertrude of Flanders, during a rewritten period of history. The character of Queen Elizabeth I was later revisited in Blackadder II, when Miranda Richardson played the role of Queenie, a skittish caricature of the Virgin Queen.
Cast
Another major difference to the first series is the cast – most notably, comic actor Philip Fox plays the character Baldrick, rather than Tony Robinson, who was to play the role in all subsequent series. John Savident plays the role of the King, who was replaced by Brian Blessed for the first series. Prince Harry is played by Robert Bathurst instead of Robert East. The rest of the cast (Atkinson, Tim McInnerny as Percy and Elspet Gray as the Queen) were reunited for the commissioned series.
Production team
The pilot was directed by Geoff Posner, who was the director of the last series of Not the Nine O'Clock News. The producer was the then head of Comedy Department, John Howard Davies; but this was a temporary measure because John Lloyd, who had co-produced Not The Nine O'Clock News, was working on a special with Pamela Stephenson. When the series was commissioned, Lloyd took over the producer's role. A unique instrumental version of the "Blackadder" theme by Howard Goodall was used, performed by an orchestra and harpsichord. A revised arrangement, featuring mock-heroic lyrics, was used for the first series.
Plot
The episode opens with a rendition of the now-familiar Blackadder theme, followed by an on-screen narrative text:
The action opens with Prince Harry, the King, and the Queen discussing the war with the Spanish. They hope it will soon be over so they can fight the French. The Queen is in high spirits, as it is her birthday and she has been given the county of Shropshire as a present.
Prince Edmund, Duke of York is in his chambers with his servants Percy and Baldrick. He is clearly unhappy about the task he has been given, which is to arrange the festivities for both the Queen's birthday and the return of the Scottish hero Dougal McAngus to the court. He refers to his brother Henry as ‘the bastard’. Baldrick points out that if Henry actually was a bastard, Edmund would one day be King. When he finds out that the eunuchs scheduled to appear have cancelled, Edmund decides to have them executed. (‘This is a Royal command performance – there are only two options. Either you do it, or you don't do it. If you do it, you don't get paid. If you don't do it, you get beheaded.’)
Later, at a presentation in the great hall, the King gives McAngus all Edmund's lands in Scotland. Edmund is furious, and he, Percy and Baldrick plot to kill McAngus. Percy warns that the King will cut Edmund off if he thinks he has deliberately killed McAngus, so they agree to make it look like an accident. Baldrick suggests putting McAngus's head in the mouth of a cannon and firing it, but Edmund dismisses this as feeble.
Looking for the Scot, Edmund overhears him telling the Queen that his father sends her his regards. Edmund invites McAngus to act as the Scotsman in the play "The Death of the Scotsman", to be performed for the Queen's birthday.
Later, as Edmund is about to start the play, he discovers that McAngus is drunk. Percy and Baldrick begin the play, and are later joined by Edmund and McAngus. In the play, McAngus insults the Queen, then stabs Edmund with a fake telescopic sword. He is sentenced to be hanged from the gallows. Leaving the stage, Edmund instructs Percy and Baldrick to remove the safety hook from the gallows, and warns them that whatever happens, if the Scotsman lives, they will die.
Off-stage, McAngus tells Edmund about hidden love letters from the Queen to McAngus' father, casting doubts on the lineage of Prince Henry. McAngus is back on stage about to be hanged, before Edmund realises he needs him alive to show him the letters. He tries to stop the hanging from off-stage by cutting the noose with a spear, but it fails, so in a last-ditch attempt, he throws a sheet over his head, and enters the stage as the ghost of the Prince. He pleads mercy for the Scotsman, but Percy and Baldrick, mindful of his previous threat, are determined to carry out the execution. A comic fight sequence ensues, which ends with Edmund inadvertently hanging McAngus himself, but then holding him up to stop him choking.
A gleeful Edmund is shown the love letters that his mother wrote. He instructs Baldrick to have the court assembled in the morning, where he reveals the content of the letters which are dated November and December 1526. He begins to falter as he realises that this was nine months after Henry's birth, but nine months before his own; it is he who is illegitimate, not Henry. Edmund tries to pretend that McAngus has forged the letters, and challenges him to a duel to the death. Edmund instructs Baldrick to get the fake telescopic sword for McAngus, but Percy gives Edmund the fake instead. There is a big fight, which culminates in Edmund stabbing McAngus with the fake sword. On finding out that Edmund tried to set him up with the fake sword, McAngus is furious and is about to kill Edmund. When the King begs him for clemency, McAngus agrees, but only if Edmund begs for mercy.
Later, the King, Queen and Henry discuss the letters, which apparently turned out to be French forgeries. Edmund and McAngus are now supposed to be the best of friends. However, up on the tower, McAngus is peering down the barrel of a large cannon, at Edmund's request. Back in the King's chambers, a loud bang is heard. Edmund rushes in to announce that there has been a ‘terrible accident’.
The final shot is of the family coat of arms, inscribed with the motto: Veni Vidi Castratavi Illegitimos (‘I came, I saw, I castrated the bastards’).
Cast
* The role of Rudkin in the series is replaced by that of Lord Chiswick, played by Stephen Tate. However, Chiswick does not appear in "Born to be King."
**The entertainers were "Jumping Jesuits" in the pilot, "Jumping Jews" in the series.
Analysis
One of the most notable things about the pilot is Rowan Atkinson's performance as Edmund Blackadder, which is more akin to the character from the second series than the weaselly plotter from the first series. Richard Curtis is said to have thought the character should be more complex for the initial series, than the swaggering lead as seen in the pilot (and future episodes). Due to the limited budget of the episode, it lacks the location filming of the first series, being instead all shot on interior sets, again in a similar fashion to the second series onwards of Blackadder.
In 2010, The Guardian reflected on this, noting that it was "an interesting example of getting it right first time":
The episode has not been broadcast on television, nor is it available on DVD, although some scenes were featured in the 25th anniversary special Blackadder Rides Again. However, various bootleg copies exist and footage is often seen online.
References
External links
"The Black Adder" (pilot) at Blackadder Hall
Blackadder
Unaired television pilots
1982 British television episodes
Fiction set in the 1550s
Television shows written by Rowan Atkinson |
4036515 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T18%20Boarhound | T18 Boarhound | The T18 Boarhound was an American heavy armoured car produced in small numbers for the British Army during the Second World War.
History
In July 1941, the US Army Ordnance Corps issued specifications for a heavy armored car (along with another specification for a medium armored car, which resulted in the T17 Deerhound and T17E1 Staghound) to be built for supply to the British. The prototype was developed in 1942 by the Yellow Coach Company. It was a large 8x8 (eight wheels, all driven; called an "eight-by-eight") vehicle with four front wheels used for steering. Thick armor brought the weight to 26 tons, about the weight of contemporary medium tanks. Initial armament consisted of a 37 mm gun M6 in a turret with a coaxial .30 inch machine gun and another .30 inch MG in the bow mount. By then, it was clear that the anti-tank performance of the 37 mm gun was insufficient and the production version, the T18E2, which was named Boarhound by the British, received the 57 mm gun M1, the US-manufactured variant of the British QF 6 pounder.
The United States Army had only shown minimal interest in the vehicle and retained the first 3 production vehicles. The British Army placed an order for 2,500 units, but high production costs and poor cross-country performance led to cancellation of the order with only 27 being delivered to North Africa. The T18 was never used widely in combat; however, a number were made use of by defending bases of operation in North Africa, with a few even taking part in convoy operations. There are accounts that a limited few were refitted for special duties in the rear echelon as well. Late in 1942, orders were issued for upwards of some eight Boarhounds to be assigned to the Eighth Army, which used them sparingly as supporting armored vehicles and, to some extent, in reconnaissance roles. None are said to have seen heavy action.
The only surviving vehicle is displayed in The Tank Museum, Bovington, UK.
Variants
T18 - original version with 37 mm gun.
T18E1 - six-wheeled version. Development stopped January 18, 1943
T18E2 - version with 57 mm gun.
See also
G-numbers
Notes
References
SNL G133
George Forty - World War Two Armoured Fighting Vehicles and Self-Propelled Artillery, Osprey Automotive.
Haugh, David T18E2 data sheet Warwheels.net
R.A.C Technical Situational Reports No 7
External links
Warwheels.net
World War II armoured cars
World War II armored fighting vehicles of the United States
Armoured cars of the United States
Military vehicles introduced from 1940 to 1944 |
4036518 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas%20K%C3%BCttel | Andreas Küttel | Andreas Küttel (born 25 April 1979) is a Swiss former ski jumper who currently works in the field of sports science at the University of Southern Denmark.
Career
Küttel won five World Cup competitions from 2005 to 2007, and placed third in the overall World Cup in 2006. He won a gold medal in the individual large hill event at the 2009 Ski Jumping World Championships. Küttel also competed at three Winter Olympics, earning his best finish of fifth in the individual normal hill event in 2006.
World Cup
Standings
Wins
References
1979 births
Living people
Olympic ski jumpers of Switzerland
Ski jumpers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Ski jumpers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Ski jumpers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Swiss male ski jumpers
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in ski jumping
People from Einsiedeln
Swiss emigrants to Denmark
Sportspeople from the canton of Schwyz |
4036521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryan%20Strang | Bryan Strang | Bryan Colin Strang (born 9 June 1972) is a former Zimbabwean international cricketer who played in 26 Test matches and 49 One Day Internationals between 1995 and 2001. His older brother Paul Strang also played international cricket for Zimbabwe.
Domestic career
In 2001, he helped bowl Matabeleland out for a national record low score in first-class cricket of 19 runs, taking 5 wickets for 6.
International career
Strang was a left-arm medium bowler and due to his nagging accuracy was hard to get away in ODI cricket. This earned him a career economy rate of 4.13. His best bowling figures in ODI cricket of 6 for 20, made against Bangladesh in 1997 are a Zimbabwean record.
He played his last game for Zimbabwe in July 2001 and in 2002 he moved to South Africa due to political unrest. He's become a vocal critic of Zimbabwean cricket and during the 2003 World Cup he stated that Zimbabwe should be barred from hosting World Cup matches on moral grounds. As a result, when he attempted a comeback in 2003–04 the Zimbabwean Cricket Union banned him.
Following the lifting of the ban in 2005 Strang made a comeback and was recalled for a training squad ahead of the New Zealand and India tours of Zimbabwe and played for Zimbabwe A against Pakistan A in 2006. However he was later informed by Zimbabwe Cricket that he services were no longer required.
Beyond cricket
In 2008 he received an honorary degree in Sports Sciences from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, making him eligible for their crunch cricket match against the University of Edinburgh in July.
As the years have progressed he has really enjoyed his coaching and teaching. Since returning to Zimbabwe, he went into coaching at schools like Lilfordia School and St. George's College in Harare. He has done lots more coaching at many levels. He really enjoys giving back to the kids of his country in any sport and would like to see them get the best coaching so that they can be the best they can be and enjoy it along the way.
In 2009, he expressed that he is looking for an opportunity to get involved with ZC to contribute more. He wants to coach which he really loves and if he is needed to play, he is more than willing as he thinks that he is enough fit and ready to do so. He thinks that he has still got a lot to offer as a player.
He was involved in teaching at St. John's Prep School in the sports department. He coaches at Lilfordia School, where Alistair Campbell and his father are also heavily involved. He has also opened a business about life skills and goal setting.
At the end of October 2009, he left his school teaching.
References
External links
1972 births
Living people
Cricketers from Bulawayo
White Zimbabwean sportspeople
Alumni of Falcon College
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Mashonaland cricketers
Cricketers at the 1996 Cricket World Cup |
4036525 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand%20Duchess%20%28solitaire%29 | Grand Duchess (solitaire) | Grand Duchess (also known as Duchess de Luynes) is a solitaire card game which is played with two decks of playing cards. It is a two deck game in the Sir Tommy family. One unique feature of this game is the building of the reserve, which is not used until the entire stock runs out.
Rules
First, four cards are dealt face-up, one onto each tableau pile, and two more cards are dealt face-down on the reserve to be used later. After each deal of six cards, the player pauses to see if any cards are playable. Available for play to the foundations (which are above the four tableau piles) are the top cards of each tableau pile.
As they become available, one ace and one king of each suit are placed in the foundations. The aces are built up to kings while the kings are built down to aces, all by suit. Furthermore, once a foundation card is set, any can be built upon it at any time.
Once the player builds the necessary cards one could, another set of six is dealt: one on each of the four tableau piles and two face-down ones set aside on the reserve. Afterwards, the player builds more cards and the process is repeated until the stock runs out. Once this occurs, the entire reserve is turned face-up. All cards in that reserve become available to be built on the foundations, along with the top cards of each reserve pile.
When play goes on a stand still (when the tableau and the reserve no longer yields playable cards), the player is then entitled to three redeals. To do a redeal, the player picks up first tableau pile and places it over the second pile, picks up that newly formed pile and puts in over the third pile, and these three piles are then laid over the fourth pile. Then, the piles are turned face-down to form the new stock, and the remaining reserve piles are placed under it. On the first two redeals, the process of dealing one card on each of the four tableau piles and two more on the reserve faced down, stopping each time to make any play, and using the reserve when the stock runs out is repeated. But on the last redeal, there is no more reserve; all cards are dealt four at a time, one on each tableau pile.
The game ends soon after the stock runs out in the last redeal. The game is won when all cards end up in the foundations.
Parisienne
Parisienne (also known as La Parisienne or Parisian) is a variant of Grand Duchess. The game is played like Grand Duchess except the before the game starts, one ace and one king of each suit is removed from the deck and placed on the foundations.
References
See also
Sir Tommy
List of solitaires
Glossary of solitaire
Double-deck patience card games
Reserved builders |
4036544 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vengeance%20%28Mystic%20Prophecy%20album%29 | Vengeance (Mystic Prophecy album) | Vengeance is the 1st studio album by German Power metal group Mystic Prophecy. It was originally released on August 24, 2001 by B-Mind Records and reissued in 2003 by Nuclear Blast.
Track listing
"1545 - The Beginning" - 1:02
"Sky's Burning" - 6:45
"Damnation And Darkness" - 4:30
"Welcome (In The Damned Circle)" - 5:29
"Dark Side Of The Moon" - 5:13
"River Of Hate" - 4:45
"In The Mirror" - 5:09
"In The Distance" - 5:02
"When Shadows Fall" - 4:49
"Fallen Angel" - 8:34
Credits
Roberto Dimitri Liapakis-Vocals
Gus G.-Guitars
Martin Albrecht-Bass
Dennis Ekdahl-Drums
2001 albums
Mystic Prophecy albums
Nuclear Blast albums |
4036548 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straits%20Air%20Freight%20Express | Straits Air Freight Express | Straits Air Freight Express (SAFE) was a cargo airline, established in 1950, named for its Cook Strait focus and connecting the North Island and South Islands of New Zealand's railway systems from the 1950s to the 1970s. The company was renamed Safe Air Limited in 1966 and diversified into aviation maintenance. In 1972 it was bought by the National Airways Corporation, which then merged with Air New Zealand. Safe Air continued to be operated as an independent entity by both owners. It ceased flying in 1990, but has continued to expand as a maintenance facility and now employs approximately 350 staff. In 2015 it was bought by the Australian arm of Airbus.
Rail Air
In 1947, New Zealand Railways Department (NZR) and the Royal New Zealand Air Force began flying between Paraparaumu and Blenheim with a service that came to be known as Rail Air. SAFE took over the service from the RNZAF in 1950. Much of NZR's inter-island freight moved to its new Inter-island rail ferry service from 1962 with the introduction of the GMV Aramoana, but the Rail Air service survived until December 1983.
Fleet
The main aircraft type that the company operated was the Bristol Type 170 Freighter Mk.31. The first two examples were delivered in mid-1951. The "cargon" system was designed in-house – a wheeled metal pallet and transfer system using modified railway flatcars to allow trucked loads to be transferred directly into the nose doorway of the tail-wheeled aircraft. This reduced the turn-around time of flights to about 15 minutes. 53,777 tons were carried between Woodbourne and Papaparaumu in 1961/62, but declined 25% next year, when Aramoana started the Interislander. The route closed in 1983. Eleven Bristol 170s were still in operation with SAFE in 1977.
The company also operated two larger Armstrong Whitworth AW.650 Argosy four-engined turbine propeller freighter aircraft from the 1970s.
Chatham Islands Passenger Services
New Zealand's most eastern islands, the Chatham Islands were linked with the main islands of New Zealand with combined air freight and passenger service using a unique removable passenger pod that was placed into the hold of their Bristol Freighter aircraft. Extra sound insulation was used to drown out the Bristol's Hercules engines and earplugs were provided. Windows in the pod lined up with those in the fuselage. The flight time was approximately three hours.
In 1982 when the paved runway at Tu-uta Point was built, Argosy aircraft were placed into the Chathams' route with a more comfortable passenger pod based on the cabin of a Boeing 737. The pod still exists today, placed in the hold of ZK-SAE on static display at Blenheim. When flying operations ceased in 1990 Air New Zealand continued operations with other aircraft, Air Chathams was founded to keep the air route open when Air New Zealand pulled out in 1992.
See also
List of defunct airlines of New Zealand
History of aviation in New Zealand
References
Bibliography
External links
As Safe Air Limited, SAFE is now a subsidiary of Air New Zealand Engineering
Safe Air Limited's home page
Defunct airlines of New Zealand
Airlines established in 1950
Air New Zealand
Cook Strait |
4036551 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie%20Lock | Charlie Lock | Alan Charles Ingram Lock (born 10 September 1962) is a former Zimbabwean international cricketer who played one Test match and eight One Day Internationals.
Lock came to the attention of the world's media in early October 2007 when, as one of the remaining few hundred white farmers in Zimbabwe, he was driven off his land in the Headlands District, some south-east of Harare. Lock had previously given over a farm to the government for resettlement and had consequently received permission in 2003 to stay on a small parcel of land, Karori Farm. Lock brought a contempt of court application against the loss of his remaining land.
References
External links
1962 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Marondera
White Zimbabwean sportspeople
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Mashonaland cricketers
Cricketers at the 1996 Cricket World Cup |
4036552 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy%20Whittall | Andy Whittall | Andrew Richard Whittall (born 19 March 1973) is a former Zimbabwean international cricketer who played in 10 Test matches and 63 One Day Internationals between 1996 and 2000. He made his Test and ODI debuts in September 1996.
Domestic career
Whittall was educated at Falcon College. He graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge with a degree in engineering and also earned four blues playing for the University cricket side. He is currently a housemaster at Ferox Hall at Tonbridge School, where he also teaches maths and coaches the 1st XI cricket team.
References
External links
Zimbabwean cricketers
1973 births
Living people
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Cricketers at the 1999 Cricket World Cup
Cambridge University cricketers
British Universities cricketers
Manicaland cricketers
Matabeleland cricketers
Commonwealth Games competitors for Zimbabwe
Cricketers at the 1998 Commonwealth Games
Cricketers from Mutare
White Zimbabwean sportspeople
White Rhodesian people
Alumni of Falcon College
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge |
4036553 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everton%20Matambanadzo | Everton Matambanadzo | Everton Zvikomborero Matambanadzo (born April 13, 1976 in Salisbury (now Harare), is a former Zimbabwean cricketer who played in 3 Tests and 7 ODIs from 1996 to 1999. His twin brother, Darlington, also played first-class cricket for Mashonaland. His cricket career was rather brief, due to intense knee injuries. Everton is currently a successful professional stock trader along with many other occupations. He is credited as highly intelligent, receiving his economics degree at UC Berkeley.
1976 births
Living people
Cricketers from Harare
Alumni of Eaglesvale High School
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Zimbabwean cricketers
Mashonaland cricketers
Twin people from Zimbabwe
Twin sportspeople |
4036557 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collar-and-elbow%20position | Collar-and-elbow position | A collar-and-elbow hold is a stand-up grappling position where both combatants have a collar tie, and hold the opponent's other arm at the elbow. Generally the opening move in professional wrestling, the collar-and-elbow is generally a neutral position, but by pushing the hand on the elbow to the inside of the opponent's arms, and holding the biceps, more control can be obtained. From here it will be easier to strike or to attempt takedowns, while defending against the opponent's techniques.
See also
Bear hug
Double collar tie
Double underhooks
Pinch grip tie
Over-under position
References
External links
John Danaher and Renzo Gracie, Two Approaches to Fighting in the Clinch
Grappling positions
Wrestling
Professional wrestling moves |
4036558 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BC%20Guang | Lü Guang | Lü Guang (; 337–400), courtesy name Shiming (世明), formally Emperor Yiwu of (Later) Liang ((後)涼懿武帝), was the founding emperor of the Di-led Chinese Later Liang dynasty (although during most of his reign, he used the title "Heavenly Prince" (Tian Wang)). He was initially a Former Qin general, but in light of Former Qin's collapse starting in 384, he decided to found his own state, initially including nearly all of modern Gansu. As his reign continued, however, his domain dwindled after Southern Liang and Northern Liang declared independence. His death in 400 left Later Liang in an unstable state, and it would be no more by 403.
Early life and career as Former Qin general
Lü Guang was ethnically Di (although he claimed ancestry from an ethnically Han man named Lü Wenhe () who fled from Pei County (in modern Xuzhou, Jiangsu, the same county that Han Dynasty emperors' ancestors came) from a disaster and who settled in Di lands). He was born in 337, when his father Lü Polou () was a follower of the Di chieftain and Later Zhao general Pu Hong (蒲洪, who later changed his family name from Pu to Fu). Eventually, after Fu Hong's son Fu Jiàn founded Former Qin, Lü Polou served on the staff of Fu Jiàn's nephew Fu Jiān (notice different tone) the Prince of Donghai. After Fu Jiān overthrew Fu Jiàn's violent and capricious son and successor Fu Sheng in 357, Fu Jiān claimed the throne and made Lü Polou one of his senior advisors. Lü Guang, however, was not well regarded by his father's colleagues, because he did not study much and instead concentrated his efforts on hunting and riding. However, Fu Jiān's prime minister Wang Meng valued him and persuaded Fu Jiān to make him a general. He first received renown when he, while fighting with the army of the warlord Zhang Ping () in 358, defeated and captured Zhang Ping's fierce adoptive son Zhang Ci ().
When Fu Jiān's cousins Fu Sou () the Duke of Wei, Fu Liu () the Duke of Jin, Fu Wu () the Duke of Yan, and brother Fu Shuang () the Duke of Zhao rebelled together in 367, Lü Guang was one of the generals sent against Fu Shuang and Fu Wu, and he contributed much to defeating the rebellion. Later, after he served under Wang Meng in the campaign destroying rival Former Yan in 370, he was created the Marquess of Duting.
In 378, Lü Guang was serving as the assistant to Fu Jiān's cousin Fu Chong () the Duke of Beihai, who, as the governor of Yu Province (豫州, modern Henan) was in charge of the important city Luoyang. Fu Chong planned a rebellion, and Fu Jiān learned this and ordered Lü to arrest Fu Chong, which Lü did successfully. (However, Fu Jiān did not execute Fu Chong but only relieved him of his posts and not even his ducal title.)
In 380, inexplicably, Fu Jiān made Fu Chong the defender of Jicheng (modern Beijing), and Fu Chong soon rebelled along with his brother, the powerful general Fu Luo () the Duke of Xingtang. Lü Guang was one of the generals in charge of the campaign against Fu Luo and Fu Chong, and he defeated Fu Chong and killed him, resulting in Fu Luo's subsequent defeat and capture.
In 382, in response to requests by the kings of two Xiyu states—Xiumiduo () the King of Shanshan and Mitian () the King of Front Cheshi (roughly modern Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang) -- Fu Jiān commissioned Lü Guang to lead an army of 100,000 infantry soldiers and 5,000 cavalry soldiers to Xiyu, with the intent to, like Han Dynasty did, establish a governor general over Xiyu. The army departed the Former Qin capital Chang'an in spring 383, with the two kings as guides. By early 384, most Xiyu kingdoms had submitted, but Bo Chun () the King of Qiuzi (or Kucha, 龜茲, in modern Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang) resisted, and Lü put Qiuzi under siege, forcing Bochun to flee. He made Bo Chun's brother Bo Zhen () the new king, and he also, in a move to show Former Qin suzerainty over Xiyu, ordered the Xiyu kings to turn over the Han Dynasty imperial rods that they had still possessed and exchanged them for Former Qin ones. By this point, however, Former Qin was disintegrating in light of rebellions that happened after its defeat at the Battle of Fei River against Jin, and although Fu Jiān wanted to make Lü the governor general of Xiyu, he was unable to have the commission delivered to Lü. While at Qiuzi, Lü met the Buddhist monk Kumarajiva, and when he, in 385, considered settling in Qiuzi (after hearing of the unrest Former Qin was suffering from), Kumarajiva advised against it, stating that Qiuzi was a land of misfortune and, if he headed back east, he would find a homeland on the way. Lü therefore started to head back east, carrying the plunder he had gathered in Xiyu.
Former Qin's governor of the rich Liang Province (涼州, modern central and western Gansu and eastern Xinjiang), Liang Xi (), was weary of Lü's intentions, and he considered sealing the borders and refusing Lü entry. His advisor Yang Han () suggested that he cut off the Gaowu Valley (高梧谷, in modern Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang) or Yiwu Passes (伊吾關, in modern Kumul Prefecture, Xinjiang) to defeat Lü by thirst, but Liang refused. Yang then surrendered to Lü, who quickly advanced on the capital of Liang Province, Guzang (姑臧, in modern Wuwei, Gansu), capturing Liang Xi and quickly controlling most of Liang Province. For the next several years, he battled local warlords. In winter 386, upon hearing the news of Fu Jiān's death (Fu Jiān having died in 385), he changed the era name to Tai'an—signifying a declaration of independence, although at this point he claimed no formal regal or imperial titles—and therefore 386 is typically considered the date of Later Liang's founding.
Early reign – laying Later Liang's foundation
Around the new year 387, Lü Guang claimed the title of Duke of Jiuquan—the first formal title of nobility that he claimed for himself that showed a claim on his territory. He concentrated on consolidating his power in Liang Province, while appearing to ignore the deadlock that what remained of Former Qin (under Fu Deng) and Later Qin (under Yao Chang) were having, to his southeast.
In fall 387, Lü Guang captured and executed Zhang Dayu (), the son of Former Liang's last prince Zhang Tianxi, who had tried for several years to reestablish Former Liang.
It appeared that Lü was not a particularly effective governor of his domain, and there were repeated rebellions against his rule. In response, he instituted strict laws. His official Duan Ye tried to speak against such strict laws in 388, and while Lü Guang indicated that he agreed with Duan, it appeared that he did not actually make things easier for his people.
In spring 389, Lü Guang claimed the greater title the Prince of Sanhe. Around this time, his wife Lady Shi, son Lü Shao, and brother Lü Deshi () arrived in Guzang after having spent several years in Chouchi. He created Lady Shi princess and Lü Shao heir apparent.
In 391, Lü Guang tried to make a surprise attack against Western Qin while its prince, Qifu Gangui, was attacking the rebel Mo Yigan (), but Qifu Gangui quickly responded upon hearing about the attack, and so Lü Guang withdrew. This appeared to, however, start a series of battles with Western Qin. In 392, Lü Guang sent his brother Lü Bao () against Western Qin and son Lü Zuan against Western Qin's vassal, the Qiang chief Peng Xi'nian (), and both Lü Bao and Lü Zuan were defeated, although Lü Guang then personally attacked Peng, capturing Peng's city Fuhan (枹罕, in modern Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu) and forcing him to flee.
In 394, Lü Guang received nominal submission by the powerful Xianbei chief Tufa Wugu, the words of whose advisor Shizhen Ruoliu () indirectly showed that Later Liang was in its prime at this point—as Shizhen regarded Later Liang capable of destroying the Tufa tribe at will.
In fall 394, Lü Guang sent his son Lü Fu () to take up the defense post at Gaochang (高昌, in modern Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang), and at this point, Later Liang appeared to be in control of a substantial part of Xiyu.
In fall 395, Lü Guang made a major attack against Western Qin, and Qifu Gangui submitted as a vassal, sending his son Qifu Chibo () as a hostage. However, Qifu Gangui soon regretted this arrangement, and executed his officials Mi Guizhou () and Mozhe Gudi (), who suggested it. Presumably, he also repudiated his submission to Lü Guang.
In 396, Lü Guang claimed the title "Heavenly Prince" (Tian Wang), signifying a claim to imperial title. He created Lü Shao crown prince, and created 20 of his brothers, sons, and nephews dukes or marquesses, and he bestowed titles on his officials as well. However, when he, as a part of these commissions, he tried to grant titles on Tufa Wugu, Tufa Wugu told Lü Guang's ambassador:
Heavenly Prince Lü's sons are all corrupt and immoral. His nephews are particularly violent and cruel. People both near and far are angry and ready to rebel. How can I go against the people and accept these unjust titles? I am about to claim a regal title myself.
Tufa therefore rejected the titles, although he kept the musicians and artisans that Lü Guang sent to him as part of the title bestowment. While Tufa's remarks were intended to have a propaganda effect, they were probably not inaccurate, based on later events.
Late reign – gradual collapse of Later Liang
Later Liang's power appeared to start to fall apart in 397, when Lü Guang, determined to punish Qifu Gangui for his shifting positions, launched a major attack against Western Qin's capital Xicheng (西城, in modern Baiyin, Gansu). This frightened Qifu Gangui's officials enough that they recommended a retreat to Chengji (成紀, in modern Tianshui, Gansu) to the east, but Qifu Gangui, seeing weaknesses in Later Liang's forces despite their numbers, stood his ground. Later Liang forces were initially successful, capturing several major Western Qin cities, but Qifu Gangui tricked Lü Guang's brother and major general Lü Yan () the Duke of Tianshui into believing that he was retreating, and Lü Yan fell into a trap Qifu Gangui set and was killed. Lü Guang, in fear, withdrew to Guzang.
Soon after Lü Yan's defeat, Tufa Wugu declared himself independent from Later Liang, establishing Southern Liang and capturing Jincheng (金城, in modern Lanzhou, Gansu), which Later Liang had just captured from Western Qin. Lü Guang sent his general Dou Gou () to attack Tufa Wugu, but was defeated.
After Lü Yan's death, Lü Guang believed false accusations against Lü Yan's assistants, the brothers Juqu Luochou () and Juqu Quzhou () and executed them. Their nephew Juqu Mengxun escorted their caskets back to their home territory of Zhangye (張掖, in modern Zhangye, Gansu) and then persuaded the various Xiongnu tribes to rebel against Later Liang. Initially, Lü Guang sent Lü Zuan to attack Juqu Mengxun and chased him into the mountains, but Juqu Mengxun's cousin Juqu Nancheng () also rebelled and sieged the Later Liang city Jiankang (建康, in modern Zhangye, Gansu, not to be confused with Jin's capital of the same name). Juqu Nancheng persuaded the governor of Jiankang Commandery, Duan Ye, who was already fearful that Lü Guang would blame him for the Juqus' rebellion, to join them, and Juqu Nancheng offered the title of Duke of Jiankang to Duan Ye, thus establishing Northern Liang. Lü Zuan attacked the nascent state, but could not destroy it.
At this time, the magician Guo Nen (), whom Lü Guang and his people had trusted greatly, prophesied that Later Liang was about to be destroyed, and therefore started a rebellion himself within the capital Guzang, capturing even Lü Guang's eight grandsons and executing them cruelly. Guo soon supported the general Yang Gui () as the leader of the rebellion. Lü Zuan was forced to abandon his attack against Duan and return to Guzang. Eventually, however, Yang and Guo were defeated by Later Liang forces and forced to flee to and submit to Southern Liang and Western Qin, respectively. From this point on, however, Later Liang, by now highly reduced in size and strength, were subject to constant attacks by Southern Liang, Northern Liang, and Western Qin, causing it to be unable to hold its territory. By 398, the western parts of the Later Liang (including Xiyu holdings) had fallen to Northern Liang as well. In 399, Lü Shao and Lü Zuan launched another attack on Northern Liang, but with Southern Liang coming to Northern Liang's aid, they were forced to withdraw.
Around the new year 400, Lü Guang grew gravely ill, and he ordered Lü Shao to take the throne and the title Heavenly Prince; he himself claimed the title of retired emperor. Realizing that Lü Shao lacked talents and ability, he spoke to Lü Shao and his brothers Lü Zuan the Duke of Taiyuan and Lü Hong () the Duke of Changshan, telling Lü Shao to trust his brothers and Lü Zuan and Lü Hong to serve Lü Shao faithfully. He died later that day. Soon, however, Lü Zuan and Lü Hong would turn on Lü Shao, and when they started a coup, Lü Shao committed suicide, and Lü Zuan took the throne, starting a series of destabilizing internal disturbances that, in combination with the attacks by the surrounding states, led to Later Liang's surrender to Later Qin in 403.
Era names
Tai'an (太安 tài ān) 386–389
Linjia (麟嘉 lín jiā) 389–396
Longfei (龍飛 lóng fēi) 396–400
Personal information
Father
Lü Polou (), minister during reigns of Fu Jiàn, Fu Sheng, and Fu Jiān of Former Qin
Wife
Princess/Empress Shi (created 389)
Concubines
Consort Zhao, mother of Lü Zuan
Children
Lü Zuan (), the Duke of Taiyuan, later Emperor Ling
Lü Hong (), initially the Duke of Changshan, later the Duke of Fanhe (created 399, executed by Lü Zuan 400)
Lü Shao (), the Crown Prince (created 396), later emperor
Lü Wei (), the Duke of Longxi (executed by Lü Chao 401)
Lü Fu ()
References
Later Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms) emperors
337 births
400 deaths
Former Qin generals
4th-century Chinese monarchs
People from Hebi
Founding monarchs |
4036565 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Ontiveros | Steve Ontiveros | Steve Ontiveros may refer to:
Steve Ontiveros (infielder) (born 1951), Major League Baseball infielder who played from 1973 through 1980
Steve Ontiveros (pitcher) (born 1961), Major League Baseball All-Star pitcher who played from 1985 through 2000 |
Subsets and Splits