Maximum Population Year
<p>You are given a 2D integer array <code>logs</code> where each <code>logs[i] = [birth<sub>i</sub>, death<sub>i</sub>]</code> indicates the birth and death years of the <code>i<sup>th</sup></code> person.</p>

<p>The <strong>population</strong> of some year <code>x</code> is the number of people alive during that year. The <code>i<sup>th</sup></code> person is counted in year <code>x</code>&#39;s population if <code>x</code> is in the <strong>inclusive</strong> range <code>[birth<sub>i</sub>, death<sub>i</sub> - 1]</code>. Note that the person is <strong>not</strong> counted in the year that they die.</p>

<p>Return <em>the <strong>earliest</strong> year with the <strong>maximum population</strong></em>.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> logs = [[1993,1999],[2000,2010]]
<strong>Output:</strong> 1993
<strong>Explanation:</strong> The maximum population is 1, and 1993 is the earliest year with this population.
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> logs = [[1950,1961],[1960,1971],[1970,1981]]
<strong>Output:</strong> 1960
<strong>Explanation:</strong> 
The maximum population is 2, and it had happened in years 1960 and 1970.
The earlier year between them is 1960.</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= logs.length &lt;= 100</code></li>
	<li><code>1950 &lt;= birth<sub>i</sub> &lt; death<sub>i</sub> &lt;= 2050</code></li>
</ul>
Array; Counting; Prefix Sum
func maximumPopulation(logs [][]int) int {
	d := [101]int{}
	offset := 1950
	for _, log := range logs {
		a, b := log[0]-offset, log[1]-offset
		d[a]++
		d[b]--
	}
	var s, mx, j int
	for i, x := range d {
		s += x
		if mx < s {
			mx = s
			j = i
		}
	}
	return j + offset
}