Shortest Common Supersequence
<p>Given two strings <code>str1</code> and <code>str2</code>, return <em>the shortest string that has both </em><code>str1</code><em> and </em><code>str2</code><em> as <strong>subsequences</strong></em>. If there are multiple valid strings, return <strong>any</strong> of them.</p>

<p>A string <code>s</code> is a <strong>subsequence</strong> of string <code>t</code> if deleting some number of characters from <code>t</code> (possibly <code>0</code>) results in the string <code>s</code>.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> str1 = &quot;abac&quot;, str2 = &quot;cab&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> &quot;cabac&quot;
<strong>Explanation:</strong> 
str1 = &quot;abac&quot; is a subsequence of &quot;cabac&quot; because we can delete the first &quot;c&quot;.
str2 = &quot;cab&quot; is a subsequence of &quot;cabac&quot; because we can delete the last &quot;ac&quot;.
The answer provided is the shortest such string that satisfies these properties.
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> str1 = &quot;aaaaaaaa&quot;, str2 = &quot;aaaaaaaa&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> &quot;aaaaaaaa&quot;
</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= str1.length, str2.length &lt;= 1000</code></li>
	<li><code>str1</code> and <code>str2</code> consist of lowercase English letters.</li>
</ul>
String; Dynamic Programming
class Solution {
public:
    string shortestCommonSupersequence(string str1, string str2) {
        int m = str1.size(), n = str2.size();
        vector<vector<int>> f(m + 1, vector<int>(n + 1));
        for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) {
            for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j) {
                if (str1[i - 1] == str2[j - 1])
                    f[i][j] = f[i - 1][j - 1] + 1;
                else
                    f[i][j] = max(f[i - 1][j], f[i][j - 1]);
            }
        }
        int i = m, j = n;
        string ans;
        while (i || j) {
            if (i == 0)
                ans += str2[--j];
            else if (j == 0)
                ans += str1[--i];
            else {
                if (f[i][j] == f[i - 1][j])
                    ans += str1[--i];
                else if (f[i][j] == f[i][j - 1])
                    ans += str2[--j];
                else
                    ans += str1[--i], --j;
            }
        }
        reverse(ans.begin(), ans.end());
        return ans;
    }
};