Regular Expression Matching
<p>Given an input string <code>s</code>&nbsp;and a pattern <code>p</code>, implement regular expression matching with support for <code>&#39;.&#39;</code> and <code>&#39;*&#39;</code> where:</p>

<ul>
	<li><code>&#39;.&#39;</code> Matches any single character.​​​​</li>
	<li><code>&#39;*&#39;</code> Matches zero or more of the preceding element.</li>
</ul>

<p>The matching should cover the <strong>entire</strong> input string (not partial).</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> s = &quot;aa&quot;, p = &quot;a&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> false
<strong>Explanation:</strong> &quot;a&quot; does not match the entire string &quot;aa&quot;.
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> s = &quot;aa&quot;, p = &quot;a*&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> true
<strong>Explanation:</strong> &#39;*&#39; means zero or more of the preceding element, &#39;a&#39;. Therefore, by repeating &#39;a&#39; once, it becomes &quot;aa&quot;.
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 3:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> s = &quot;ab&quot;, p = &quot;.*&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> true
<strong>Explanation:</strong> &quot;.*&quot; means &quot;zero or more (*) of any character (.)&quot;.
</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= s.length&nbsp;&lt;= 20</code></li>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= p.length&nbsp;&lt;= 20</code></li>
	<li><code>s</code> contains only lowercase English letters.</li>
	<li><code>p</code> contains only lowercase English letters, <code>&#39;.&#39;</code>, and&nbsp;<code>&#39;*&#39;</code>.</li>
	<li>It is guaranteed for each appearance of the character <code>&#39;*&#39;</code>, there will be a previous valid character to match.</li>
</ul>
Recursion; String; Dynamic Programming
impl Solution {
    pub fn is_match(s: String, p: String) -> bool {
        let (m, n) = (s.len(), p.len());
        let mut f = vec![vec![0; n + 1]; m + 1];

        fn dfs(
            s: &Vec<char>,
            p: &Vec<char>,
            f: &mut Vec<Vec<i32>>,
            i: usize,
            j: usize,
            m: usize,
            n: usize,
        ) -> bool {
            if j >= n {
                return i == m;
            }
            if f[i][j] != 0 {
                return f[i][j] == 1;
            }
            let mut res = -1;
            if j + 1 < n && p[j + 1] == '*' {
                if dfs(s, p, f, i, j + 2, m, n)
                    || (i < m && (s[i] == p[j] || p[j] == '.') && dfs(s, p, f, i + 1, j, m, n))
                {
                    res = 1;
                }
            } else if i < m && (s[i] == p[j] || p[j] == '.') && dfs(s, p, f, i + 1, j + 1, m, n) {
                res = 1;
            }
            f[i][j] = res;
            res == 1
        }

        dfs(
            &s.chars().collect(),
            &p.chars().collect(),
            &mut f,
            0,
            0,
            m,
            n,
        )
    }
}
