include scratch dead leaves, drag branch, shake branch and sway woody vegetation, bristle, compress lips, slap, stamp, slap-stamp, flail, throw, drum, rake, swagger, bipedal and pant-hoot. May be bipedal, quadrupedal, or tripedal. Typically male display though some females do it also. Goodall discriminated Non-vocal and Vocal displays. The former when displayer makes no calls, tends to be directed toward another individual, and may be followed by attack. It is typical component of male dominance rivalry. Vocal display is accompanied by pant-hoot and typically not directed toward any other chimpanzee. Common during reunions, food excitement and when individual has been frustrated in obtaining desired goal. At Gombe, charging display is sometimes followed by beat chest, but not at Mahale. Bonobos charging display is accompanied by charge, stamp, and sometimes