KD Grooming hand-clasp by chimpanzees of the Mugiri community, Toro-Semliki Wildlife Reserve, Uganda. Pan Afr News 1:57 Whiten A Parental encouragement in Gorilla in comparative perspective: implications for social cognition and the evolution of teaching. In: Parker ST, Mitchell RW, Miles L The mentalities of gorillas and orangutans. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 3423 Whiten A, Goodall J, McGrew WC, Nishida T, Reynolds V, Sugiyama Y, Tutin CEG, Wrangham RW, Boesch C Cultures in chimpanzee. Nature 399: 82 85 Whiten A, Goodall J, McGrew WC, Nishida T, Reynolds V, Sugiyama Y, Tutin CEG, Wrangham RW, Boesch C Charting cultural variation in chimpanzees. Behaviour 138: 1481151 Williams JM, Pusey AE, Carlis JV, Farm BP, Goodall J Female competition and male territorial behavior influence female chimpanzees ranging patterns. Anim Behav