in that the chimpanzee predicts from experience an associates future behavior and changes her route accordingly, although detour may be nothing but glance plus walk. Deceive is a much more difficult functional term, as it entails an inference by the observer about the apes intentions. Deception may not be linked to any particular motor pattern, but if we ignore this term we will fail to capture an important part of the cognitive abilities of the chimpanzee. T. Nishida et al., Chimpanzee Behavior in the Wild: An Audio-Visual Encyclopedia, DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-53895-0 3, Springer 2010 11 12 Methods Some behavior occurs as a sequence of different behavioral patterns or behavioral complexes; the charging display is an example of such a sequence. Some terms designate several morphologically distinct behavioral patterns that