 In Isaiah 28, verse 15, it says, Ephraim made a covenant with death. And then it tells in verse 18, it says, your covenant will be annulled. So God sent his son to bring about the new covenant. But to bring about it, he has to redeem the house of Israel, Ephraim. And so they were considered to be, by the rabbis, a wild olive branch. And so when God divorced them, they became Gentiles, because in Hebraic thought, Gentile means out of covenant.