text:  This is the Nobel Prize-winning economist David Card. Card realized back in the 80s that he could compare Miami to similar cities before and then after the boatlift. See what changed. Now, at the time, there was a prevailing assumption about how immigrants affect the labor market. There's 100 jobs in the labor market. You bring in 10 immigrants, so 10 natives are going to lose their job. So we call that the skating rink model.