text:  This strategy of leveraging one token species to protect a wider ecosystem is one of the most common approaches in conservation. I spoke with Dr. Jack Liu about this. He's a sustainability scientist at Michigan State University. He's been studying pandas for decades. If you have $1 million, for example, you spend $1 million on one species, you sell one species. If you spend $1 on each species, you may not be able even to sell one species.